1、 Book 3Module 3The Violence of Nature1A severe earthquake almost destroyed everything, leaving many buildings in ruins.一场强烈的地震几乎毁了一切，令很多建筑成为废墟。2Crops are destroyed in a flood, which gradually results in increased food prices due to food shortages.洪水毁坏了农作物，这逐渐导致由食物短缺引起的食品价格上涨。3California wildfires ca
2、used a lot of homes and other buildings to burn to ashes and many people were reported killed, making it the deadliest in states recorded history.加州山火令很多房屋和建筑烧为灰烬，据报道很多人在火中丧生，使得它成为该州有史以来最致命的山火。4There is the possibility of lifethreatening floods during the next 48 hours in many coastal areas.在沿海地区未来4
3、8小时内有可能会出现危及生命的洪灾天气。自主排查 夯基固本核心单词(1)flood (n.) 洪水(2)experience (vt.) 经历 (n.) 经历(可数)；经验(不可数)experienced (adj.) 有经验的(3)cause (vt.) 引起；导致 (n.) 原因；事业；目标(4)furniture (n.) 家具furnish (vt.) 配备；装备(5)bury (vt.) 埋葬burial (n.) 葬礼；掩埋(6)occur (vi.) 发生occurrence (n.) 发生；出现(7)violent (adj.) 猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的violence (n.)
4、 暴力(8)strike (vt.& n) (雷电、暴风雨等)袭击 (n.) 罢工struck (过去式)struck/stricken (过去分词)(9)possibility (n.) 可能；可能性possible (adj.) 可能的possibly (adv.) 可能地(10)terrifying (adj.) 吓人的；可怕的terrified (adj.) 恐惧的；受惊吓的terrify (vt.) 使恐惧；惊吓terror (n.) 恐惧；惊恐(11)luckily (adv.) 幸运地；幸亏lucky (adj.) 幸运的luck (n.) 好运；运气(12)thankfully
5、 (adv.) 感激地；满怀感谢地thankful (adj.) 感激的；感谢的thank (v.) 感谢(13)hopefully (adv.) 满怀希望地；有希望地hopeful (adj.) 有希望的hope (n. & v) 希望；期望(14)sadly (adv.) 伤心地；不幸地sad (adj.) 悲伤的sadness (n.) 悲伤(15)warning (n.) 警告warn (v.) 警告(16)active (adj.) 积极的；活跃的actively (adv.) 积极地；活跃地(17)damage (n.& v) 损失；损害阅读单词(1)disaster (n.) 灾
6、难(2)hurricane (n.) 飓风(3)lightning (n.) 闪电light (n.) 光 (v.) 点燃(4)thunderstorm (n.) 雷暴(5)tornado (n.) 龙卷风(6)column (n.) 柱状物(7)current (n.) 海流；潮流(8)latitude (n.) 纬度(9)feather (n.) 羽毛(10)tropical (adj.) 热带的(11)equator (n.) 赤道(12)rotating (adj.) 旋转的；循环的(13)wave (n.) 波浪(14)erupt (vt.) (火山的)爆发；喷发eruption (
7、n.) 爆发；喷发(15)volcano (n.) 火山(16)previous (adj.) 以前的previously (adv.) 以前地(17)worldwide (adj.) 全世界的单句语法填空1The young man has not yet recovered from his early _ (experience)答案：experiences2I was looking for my handbag, which _ (bury) under a pile of old newspapers. 答案：was buried3An earthquake hit the cap
8、ital, _ (cause) panic among the population.答案：causing4The explosion _ (occur) during an exercise near the town.答案：occurred5Immediately a great fear fell on her. She shut the door _ (violent), and ran away.答案：violently6Wilde fell and _ (strike) his head on the stone floor.答案：struck7Then a lake formed
9、, probably after an _ (erupt) blocked some rivers or streams.答案：eruption8We were not in the least worried about the _ (possible) that sweets could rot the teeth.答案：possibility9The biting cold was more _ (terrify) than anyone could have imagined. 答案：terrifying10_ (hopeful), youve found Franklins and
10、the others advice helpful.答案：Hopefully自然灾害词汇集锦flood洪水earthquake地震drought干旱aftershock 余震tsunami 海啸mudslide 泥石流landslide 山体滑坡haze 霾1pick_up捡起；接收(信号)；卷起；掀起；搭载；偶然学会2take_off 去掉；起飞；突然成功；脱掉3on_average 平均起来4end_up 结果为，以结束5wake_up 睡醒；醒来6set fire to 放火(焚烧)7catch fire 着火8put out 扑灭(火)9in all 总共；共计10take place
11、 发生；举行选词填空pick up, put out, in all, on average, end up with, set fire to1There were twelve of us _ for dinner.答案：in all2You can _ what astronauts call a carbondioxide headache.答案：end up with3The boy went down to _ the wallet on the ground.答案：pick up4The police were trying to find out who _ the shop.
12、答案：set fire to5The price of the egg is eight yuan per kg_.答案：on average6Without firemen, the villagers around tried many ways to _the fire.答案：put out1pick短语小结pick up 捡起；学会；接收(信号)pick off 瞄准射击；采摘；挑选pick on 捉弄；欺负；挑剔；批评pick out 挑出，辨认出 pick at 吃一点点；扯；找茬2“fire”家族set fire to . 放火烧 catch fire 着火be on fire
13、着火；在燃烧start a fire 生火，点火make a fire 生火put out a/the fire 灭火play with fire 玩火open fire (战争等)开火be on fire for . 对狂热/喜欢课文原句句式梳理仿写训练1.On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. (P23)美国每年平均会发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1,500人受伤。本句中的causing about 80 deaths
14、and 1,500 injuries是现在分词短语作状语，表示结果。The football team played in all the European countries, _ (使它很有名)2.The California Earthquake of the 18th of April 1906 is the worst earthquake that has ever happened in the United States.(P29)1906年4月18日发生在加利福尼亚的地震是美国历史上最严重的一次地震。本句中的that has ever happened in the Unit
15、ed States是定语从句，修饰先行词earthquake。 一般来说，当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词用that, 且定语从句常用完成时。This is the most beautiful scenery _ (我所见过的).答案：1.making it famous2.that I have ever seen直击重点 突破考点experiencevt.经历；体验nC(一次)经历，体验；U(由实践得来的)经验(P21) (1)单句语法填空Students meet once a month to discuss their _ (experience)
16、As a nurse, she has rich experience _ looking after children.答案：experiencesin(2)单句改错Some people learn by experiment and others learn by experiences._答案：experiencesexperience(3)单句写作Dont correct him all the time; hell learn _.别总是纠正他，他会从经验中学习。I _ doing this kind of job. 做这种工作我很有经验。答案：by/from experience
17、am experienced in (1)experience n.have rich/much experience in/of/with sth. 在某事方面有经验by/from experience 凭经验，从经验中(得出)in sb.s experience 据某人的经验来看(2)experience sth. 体验/经历/感受某事(3)experienced adj. 有经验的be experienced in (doing) . 在(做)方面有经验buryvt.埋葬；遮盖；使专心(P22) (1)单句语法填空He was buried _ his study, so youd be
18、tter not disturb him.答案：in(2)单句写作He _ and wept.他双手掩面而泣。Since she left, he has _ his work.自从她离开后，他全心扑在工作上。答案：buried his face in his handsburied himself in埋头于，专心于bury ones face/head in sth. 把脸/头埋在某物里面occurvi.发生；出现；(想法、念头等)想起；浮现(P22) (1)单句语法填空The traffic accident _ (occur) yesterday morning.Such a simp
19、le explanation never occurred _ me!答案：occurredto(2)单句改错Didnt it occur to you turn to the policeman for help?_答案：turn前加to(3)单句写作I suppose _ didnt _ you _ the police.我想你根本就没想到打电话报警。_ had never _ he might be falling in love with her.他从未想到自己会爱上她。答案：it; occur to; to callIt; occurred to him that (1)It occ
20、urs/occurred to sb.某人想到(2)Sth. occur(s)/occurred to sb. 某人想到某事；某事浮现在某人的脑海中strikevt.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；突然想到；敲钟，报时；擦，划(火柴)n(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；罢工(P23) (1)单句语法填空I was deeply struck _ the beauty of the Great Wall.Staff at the hospital went _ strike to protest against the incident.答案：byon(2)单句改错The stone struck him in
21、his right eye._Workers of the mine were on the strike, demanding better working conditions._答案：histhe去掉strike前的the(3)单句写作_ I had left my purse in the office.我突然想到我把钱包落在办公室了。答案：It struck me that(4)选词填空(strike/beat/hit/knock)An idea _ him that his friend lived nearby when a stone _ him on the head, so
22、 he went up to _ at the door with his heart _ faster.答案：struck; hit; knock; beating (1)strike sb.介词the身体部位击打某人某处be struck by 被打动sth. strikes/struck sb. 某人突然想起某事It strikes/struck sb. that . /It strikes/struck sb. to do . 某人突然想到strike a match 划火柴(2)be on strike 在罢工(状态)go on strike 举行罢工(动作)易混辨析strike当“
23、打”讲时，表示突然地，一次性地“击打”；也可指钟表打点hit指“打”时，侧重于对某一点“打中，击中”，指有目标的“打”。也可表示成功轰动一时的人或物beat指连续“殴打，击败”或“敲打”，还可指心脏、脉搏的跳动knock指敲打并伴有响声，还有打倒、打翻之意end up结果为，以结束(P23) (1)单句语法填空Our game always ends up _ a quarrel.He ended up _ the head of the company.With prices going up, I find it hard to make _ (end) meet. 答案：inasends
24、(2)单句改错It is high time that we put an end with this discussion. _Now I want to know about this thing from begin to end. _答案：withtobeginbeginning(3)单句写作If you try to remember everything you will _ nothing.如果你想记住所有内容，结果反而会什么也记不住。The meeting _ at last.会议终于结束了。It rained for three days _.雨连续下了三天。答案：end u
25、p rememberingcame to an endon end (1)end up in 以告终；结果为end up with 以结束(指以某种方式结束)end up as 最终成为end up doing sth. 最终以做某事而结束(2)come to an end 结束(不及物)put an end to 结束(及物)from beginning to end 从头至尾；自始至终on end 连续地make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出教材原句They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside ex
26、actly where it was.它们能毁掉房屋，却把房内的家具留在原处。(P23) (1)单句语法填空Leave the medicine _ the children cant reach it.The news left me _ (wonder) what would happen next.Leave your kids _ they are and they will grow in a healthy way.答案：wherewonderingas(2)单句改错The bad weather left the project half finishing._Leave the
27、 rice cook for 20 minutes at least._答案：finishingfinishedcook前加to(3)单句写作As soon as Id shut the door, I realized Id _.我刚关上门，就想起钥匙留在里面了。I purposely _ at night because I know Ill be blamed by Mom.我故意晚上开着窗子，因为我知道妈妈会责备我。答案：left the keys insideleave the window open (1)leave宾语(宾补)(2)leave sb./sth.教材原句Coghla
28、n travelled back to Canadaafter he had been buried in Texas!埋葬于得克萨斯州的科格伦又回到了加拿大！(P23) (1)单句语法填空In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _ (invent) yet.On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that _ (reject) by its mother.答案：hadnt been inve
29、ntedhad been rejected(2)单句写作My classmate told me that _ by his teacher.我同学告诉我他已经受到了老师的惩罚。We all thought that _ in the plane crash.我们都以为他在飞机失事中丧生了。答案：he had been punishedhe had been killed (1)过去完成时的被动语态表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的被动动作。该动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”；这一过去时间可用by, before等构成的短语或when, after, until等引导的从句或通过上下文来表
30、示。(2)用在含有被动形式的间接引语或宾语从句中，常放在像said, told, thought, wondered等词的后面，表示在这些过去发生的动作之前已经发生的动作。课文回练 升华运用A tornado is a _1_ (rotate) column of air from a thunderstorm to the ground. Almost all of _2_ occur in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.Tornadoes can cause much _3_ (destr
31、uct). On average there are 800 _4_ (tornado) in the US each year. The worst one of all time was in 1925, _5_ (affect) three US states. By the time it ended, more than 700 people _6_ (kill) and 2,700 had been injured.Hurricanes are strong tropical storms.There are _7_ (violence) winds of 120 kilometr
32、es per hour or more. There are about six Atlantic hurricanes each year. The worst hurricane disaster was _8_ the 8th September 1900, _9_ killed 6,000 people in a population of 37,000 and _10_ (destroy) 3,600 buildings.1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._答案：1.rotating2.them3.destruction4.tornadoes5.affecting6.had been killed7.violent8.on9.which10.destroyed