1、 Book 3Module 2Developing and Developed Countries1A developing country is a country with a less developed industrial base while a developed country owns highlydeveloped industry.发展中国家是指工业基础不发达的国家，而一个发达国家则拥有高度发达的工业。2It is impossible for developing countries to shoulder common responsibility for the p
2、roblems caused_by developed countries.对发展中国家来说，为发达国家带来的问题承担共同的责任是不可能的。3Developing countries are striving to reach levels of income, health, education and living standards enjoyed_by_people in advanced economies.发展中国家正在努力达到发达经济体人民享有的收入、健康、教育和生活水平。4The primary factor used_to_distinguish developed coun
3、tries from developing countries is GDP per capita.用以区分发达国家与发展中国家的首要因素是人均GDP产值。自主排查 夯基固本核心单词(1)hunger (n.) 饥饿hungry (adj.) 饥饿的(2)income (n.) 收入(3)poverty (n.) 贫穷poor (adj.) 贫穷的(4)development (n.) 发展develop (v.) 发展developing (adj.) 发展中的developed (adj.) 发达的(5)measure (vt.) 测定；测量；评估(6)position (n.) 位置(7
4、)educate (vt.) 教育；培养；训练education (n.) 教育educated (adj.) 受过教育的；有教养的(8)figure (n.) 数字；人物；图形；体形；画像 (vi.) 计算；出现(9)homeless (adj.) 无家可归的(10)crowded (adj.) 拥挤的crowd (n.) 人群；群众(11)similarity (n.) 类似；相似similar (adj.) 相似的similarly (adv.) 相似地(12)unfortunate (adj.) 不幸的；遗憾的unfortunately (adv.) 不幸地fortune (n.) 运
5、气；财富fortunately (adv.) 幸运地(13)location (n.) 位置；所在地locate (vt.) 找到的位置；位于located (adj.) 坐落的；位于(14)industrial (adj.) 工业的industry (n.) 工业(15)polluted (adj.) 受到污染的pollute (vt.) 污染pollution (n.) 污染(16)entertain (vt.) 使娱乐；款待entertainment (n.) 娱乐(17)exchange (n.& v) 交换；交易阅读单词(1)human (n.) (与动物等对比的)人(2)index
6、 (n.) 指数(3)goal (n.) 目标(4)expectancy (n.) 预期数额expect (v.) 期望；预料expectation (n.) 预期，期待(5)household (n.) 一家人；家庭(6)charity (n.) 慈善团体(7)freeway (n.) 高速公路(8)inhabitant (n.) 居民(9)tourism (n.) 旅游业tour (n.) 旅游，旅行；巡回演出tourist (n.) 旅游者；游客(10)transport (n.) 交通工具(11)smart (adj.) 漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的(12)vast (adj.) 巨大的；庞
7、大的；浩瀚的单句语法填空1.His whole life is a fight against _ (poor) and unemployment.答案：poverty2Education is central to a countrys economic _ (develop)答案：development3He _ (educate) at a very good school when he was young. 答案：was educated4The old town square was _ (crowd) with people.答案：crowded5There are some o
8、bvious _ (similar) between mother and son.答案：similarities6The property is set in a convenient _ (locate)答案：location7I called on you yesterday, but _ (unfortunate) you were out. 答案：unfortunately8Shanghai is the most important _ (industry) base of China.答案：industrial9The police have warned them not to
9、 swim in the _ (pollute) river.答案：polluted10School brass band will provide music for _ (entertain)答案：entertainment1y结尾的名词集锦poverty贫穷 similarity类似；相似activity活动 beauty美丽，美好certainty 确定的事 discovery发现safety安全2less结尾的形容词小结homeless 无家的， 无家可归的blameless 无可指责的fearless 大胆的， 勇敢的jobless 失业的，无业的restless 不平静的， 不安
10、宁的tireless 不知疲倦的worthless 无价值的，无用的3交通词汇集锦freeway/highway高速公路rush hour交通高峰期traffic交通 traffic jam交通堵塞traffic lights红绿灯 traffic sign交通标志transport运输；交通1at_the_top_of 在顶端2at_the_bottom_of 在底部3make_sure 确保；确定4up_to 达到；直到；到为止5increase by . 增加了6make progress 取得进步7make efforts 努力8in particular 尤其9be connecte
11、d with 与有联系；与有关10be close to 接近；靠近选词填空increase by, make great progress, up to, in particular, make efforts, close to1Is there anything _ youd like for dinner?答案：in particular2Twothirds of Americans spend _ seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.答案：up to3While _ great _ to run aw
12、ay, she fell over the hill and died.答案：making; efforts4I enjoyed sitting _ the windows and looking at the view.答案：close to5Food prices _ 10% in less than a year.答案：increased by6We have _， but there is still a long way to go.答案：made great progress1“确信”短语集锦make sure 确保；弄清楚make sure of . 弄清楚；确信make sur
13、e (that) . 确信be sure of/about 对有把握；确信(主语为人，主语感到“确信”) be sure to do 一定；必然会(主语为人或物，说话人推测“一定，必然会”)2“努力”家族make an effort/efforts to do sth.尽一切努力做某事try/do ones best to do sth.尽最大努力做某事spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事do all that sb. can to do sth.尽力做某事do what sb. can to do sth.尽力做某事课文原句句式梳理仿写训练The bottom
14、 ten countries are all African countries, with Sierra Leone (in West Africa) at the bottom of the list.(P12)排名最后的10个国家均是非洲国家，塞拉利昂(位于西非)排在最后。本句中的with Sierra Leone (in West Africa) at the bottom of the list属于“with宾语宾补”结构，介词短语at the bottom of the list作宾补。She saw a small river _ (两岸满是红花绿草).答案：with green
15、 grass and red flowers on both sides直击重点 突破考点measurevt.测量；计量；评估；(尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为n尺寸；措施；办法(P12) (1)单句语法填空The shirt that he made _ my own measure fits me well.It is urgent that government and experts take measures _ (solve) these problems. 答案：toto solve(2)单句改错In England and America distance is measured
16、in miles, not with kilometres._答案：within(3)单句写作Education shouldnt _ purely _ examination results.教育不应该纯粹用考试成绩来衡量。We must _ preventive _ crime in the area.我们必须采取预防措施来减少这个地区的犯罪。答案：be measured; bytake; measures to reduce (1)make sth. to ones measure 照某人的尺寸做take measures to do sth.take steps/action to d
17、o sth. 采取措施/行动做某事(2)be measured by . 用来衡量be measured in . 以来测量特别提醒(1)measure表示“措施”之意时，常用其复数形式measures。(2)measure表示“量度为；有长(宽、高等)”时，是连系动词，后跟量的结果，不用于被动语态及进行时；作定语时要用其现在分词。positionn位置；职位；状况，形势(P12) (1)单句语法填空He was _ a difficult position and didnt know what to do.His sister holds _ important position in a
18、 bank.答案：inan(2)单句改错All parking signs have now been placed in the position._答案：去掉the(3)单句写作Bill _ as factory director in October.10月份比尔新上任当了厂长。Everything in the office was _. 办公室的所有东西都被动过了。答案：took up his new positionout of positionin a . position处于的地位/处境in/out of position在/不在适当的位置take up a/ones posi
19、tion占据位置；任职hold a . position 担任职务similarityn类似；相似(P16) (1)单句语法填空Although there are some _ (similarity) between the two cities, there are a lot of differences too. I have similar taste to my wife _ music.答案：similaritiesin(2)单句改错Similar, many foreign banks also have branches in the United States._This
20、 is similar in waiting for a bus that never turns up. _答案：SimilarSimilarlyinto (1)similar adj.相似的，类似的be similar to . in . 和在方面类似(2)similarly adv.同样地，类似地up to 达到；直到；到为止(P12) (1)单句语法填空Its up to you _ (decide) where we will go for our holiday.Hes not really up to _ (see) any visitors.答案：to decideseeing
21、(2)单句改错Its up you. Watching TV at home or going to the cinema is fine with me._答案：up后加to(3)单句写作_ what kind of life you will lead in the future.将来过怎样的生活取决于你。答案：Its up to you (1)be up to doing . 能够/愿意做；胜任(用于疑问句和否定句)(2)It is up to sb. to do sth. 应由某人做某事；由某人决定做某事(3)Its up to you. 由你做主。/取决于你。make efforts
22、努力(P12) (1)单句语法填空He is making an effort _ (catch) up with others in study.He was so strong that he lifted the big rock _ effort.答案：to catchwithout(2)单句改错Things within your duty should be done in effort._In future work, we will continue to make every effort provide you with good services. _答案：inwithp
23、rovide前加to(3)单句写作The local clubs are _ more young people.地方俱乐部正在尽一切努力来引起更多年轻人的兴趣。Parents arrange everything for their children and _ to pave the way for their success.父母为他们的孩子安排一切，并不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。The company has laid off 150 workers _ money.公司为节省资金解雇了150名工人。答案：making every effort to interestspare no
24、effortin an effort to savemake to do sth. 尽一切努力做某事spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事without effort 不费力地；容易地in an effort to do sth. 为做成某事而努力with (great) effort 努力地；艰难地教材原句Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7.挪威高居榜首，而美国名列第七。(P12) (1)单句语法填空My mother is busy cooking _ my father
25、is watching TV after work._ I was watching TV, the bell rang. 答案：whileWhile(2)单句改错It was raining hard while we arrived._While I admit his good points, but I can see his shortcomings._答案：whilewhen去掉but(3)单句写作I was never very neat, _ Kate was extremely organized.我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，而我的室友凯特却极有条理。I hurt my le
26、g _ football.我踢足球时把腿弄伤了。答案：while my roommatewhile playing (1)while意为“而，却”，为并列连词，表对比，具有轻微转折的含义。(2)while意为“当的时候”，引导时间状语从句时，从句中的动词是延续性动词；而when引导时间状语从句时，从句中的动词可以是延续性的，也可以是短暂性的。(3)while意为“虽然，尽管”，作为从属连词引导让步状语从句。教材原句Its an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age, and which have similar fe
27、atures such as tourism, industry, culture and entertainment.它是那些规模和年代相似的城镇或城市之间的一种协议，这些城镇或城市间有相似的特征，譬如，旅游业、工业、文化和娱乐。(P19) (1)单句语法填空The two brothers are _ the same height and about the same weight.This question is _ great importance to us all.答案：ofof(2)一句多译The two rooms are _.The two rooms are _.这两个房
28、间大小一样。答案：the same in size; of the same size(3)单句写作The coin _ and worth collecting.这枚硬币质量很好，值得收藏。Will that _ to you?那对你有用吗？答案：is of high qualitybe of use/useful (1)be of抽象名词be该抽象名词对应的形容词be of great/much be very (2)be of表示年龄(age)、大小(size)、颜色(colour)、重量(weight)、高度(height)、价格(price)、意见(opinion)、形状(shape
29、)、种类(kind)和方法(way)等的名词，表示“具有”，说明主语的特征，在句中可作表语或定语。特别提醒(1)“of抽象名词”结构中，抽象名词前可用any, some, little, no, not much, great等词修饰，用以说明其程度；“of名词(表示度量、大小、颜色、类别等)”结构中，名词前常用a(n), the same, this, that, all, different 等词修饰。(2)of an ageof the same age “年龄/岁数相同”； of age “成年”。 课文回练 升华运用One of the most important sections
30、 of the Human Development Report _1_ (be) the Human Development Index, _2_ measures a countrys achievements in three ways: life expectancy, _3_ (educate) and income. The UK is in _4_ thirteenth position, _5_ China is in the middle of the list.This report gives examples of _6_ (success) development.
31、For example, in the last ten years in China,150 million people moved out of _7_ (poor). However, the _8_ (challenge) are still great. Although most of the children in developing countries go to primary school, about 115 million children are not being educated. The report shows that we _9_ (make) some progress but that we need _10_ (make) greater efforts.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._答案：1.is2.which3.education4.the5.while6.successful7.poverty8.challenges9.are making10.to make