1、2014高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（51）及答案（201*上海卷）(A)The teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happened, my aunt. She was Myrtle C. Manigault, the wife of my mothers brother Bill. She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey. During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle enco
2、uraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females. I liked to sing; she listened to my voice and pronounced it good. I couldnt dance; she taught me the basic dancing steps. She took me to the theatre _ not just childrens
3、 theatre but adult comedies and dramas - and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed.My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me. I had books at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, a
4、nd Ill never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquiss Archy & Mehitabel through her. Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication. A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the editor as a “youth columnist”. My column,
5、 begun when I was fourteen, was supposed to cover teenage social activities-and it did-but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gathering material, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation from college six years later, a solid collecti
6、on of published material that carried my name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs.Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her “favorite niece”. Like a diamond, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted(多面的) image of possibilities to every pupil who has crossed her path.65.
7、 Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth?A. She lent her some serious classics.B. She cultivated her taste for music.C. She discovered her talent for dancing.D. She introduced her to adult plays.66. What does Archy & Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably re
8、fer to?A. A book of great fun.B. A writer of high fame.C. A serious masterpiece.D. A heartbreaking play.67. Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to _.A. develop her capabilities for writing.B. give her a chance to collect materialC. involve her in teenage social activities
9、D. offer her a series of writing jobs.68. We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who _.A. trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplinedB. gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potentialC. emphasized what was practical or possible for pupilsD. helped pupils overcome
10、 difficulties in learning【答案】DAAB(2011辽宁卷，A)I got my first drivers license (执照) in 1953 by taking driver education in my first year at Central High School in Charlotte，North Carolina.Four years later when it was time to renew my license I was a married woman.Henry and I were living in Baltimore，Mary
11、land.Two weeks before my 20th birthday，Henry drove me to the motor vehicle office on a hot July afternoon.When I got to the office and showed to the man behind the counter my North Carolina drivers license，ready to renew，the man told me that I was under age by Maryland law since I was not yet 21.“Mr
12、.Henry Smith，your husband，will have to sign for you，”he said.I argued，pointing to a very large belly (肚子) of mine，“I am married.I am having a baby.Why should I have to have someone sign for me to drive？”He answered coldly，“Its the law，madam.”Henry encouraged me to calm down，just go ahead and get the
13、 license and be done with it.“No，”I said.I refused to have him sign for me.So I left without a Maryland license.I called the North Carolina Motor Vehicle Office and renewed my NC license by mailusing my name Susan Brown.And thus it was for the next twelve years.Since Henry was in the army I could dr
14、ive under my home state license.By the time Henry left the army we were once again living in Maryland，and I had to take the Maryland drivers exam.Since then I just go in and renew every four yearssign the name Susan Brown，have my new picture taken，and walk out with a license to drive.本文讲述了美国不同的州法律不一
15、样。在北卡罗莱纳州，中学时就可拿驾照，而在马里兰州21岁才能申请驾照。1Susan got her first drivers license_.Abefore she got married to HenryBwhen she was twenty years oldCafter she finished high schoolDwhen she just moved to Maryland答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一、二句话可知，苏珊在上中学时拿到的第一个驾照，四年后换证时，她已结婚了。由此可知A项正确。2Susan failed to renew her license th
16、e first time in Maryland because_.Ashe was forbidden to drive by Maryland lawBshe lacked driving experience in MarylandCshe was to give birth to a baby soonDshe insisted on signing for herself答案：D。推理判断题。根据第三段可知，她拒绝丈夫替她签名注册，因此她没拿到驾照。由此可知正是因为她坚持自己签名注册，使她没换证成功。3We can infer from the text that in the US
17、._.AAmerican males should serve in the armyBdifferent states may have different lawsCpeople have to renew their licenses in their home statesDwomen should adopt their husbands family names after marriage答案：B。推理判断题。由马里兰州和北卡罗莱纳州的法律来看，不同的州有不同的法律。B(2011山东卷，B)Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught f
18、or over 30 years near Buffalo, New Yorkhe in computers, she in special education. “Teaching means everything to us，” Tim would say. In April 1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about lifes purpose. Not long after the surgery,
19、Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program started by Dolly Parton s foundation (基金会) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singers home town of Sevier, Tennessee.“I thought, maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire，” Tim reca
20、lls. He placed the brochure on his desk, “as a reminder.”Five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, Tim clicked on imagination . The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts.The quality of the books was of great concer
21、n to the Richters. Rather than sign up online, they went to Dollywood for a looksee. “We didnt want to give the children rubbish，” says Linda. The booksreviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists, and Dollywood board membersincluded classics such as Ezra Jack Keatss The Snowy Day and newer
22、books like Anna Dewdneys Llama Llama series. Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work. Since 2004, they have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in their area. Megan Williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative: “This program introduces us to boo
23、ks Ive never heard of .”The Richters spend about $400 a month sending books to 200 children. “Some people sit there and wait to die，” says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left.”本文讲述了Tim心脏手术后，对人生的目标有严肃认真的思考，术后，参加Dolly Parton的基金会，并与妻子Linda成立了Richter家庭基金会，每月花400美元给学龄前儿童买书。4Wh
24、at led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of life?AHis health problem.BHis love for teaching.CThe influence of his wife.DThe news from the Web.答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话“In April.leads to some serious thinking about lifes purpose”可知A项正确。5What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Lib
25、rary?AGive out brochures.BDo something similar.CWrite books for children.DRetire from being a teacher.答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第二句话“I thought，maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire”可知B项正确。6According to the text, Dolly Parton is _.A. a wellknown surgeonB. a mother of a fouryearoldC. a
26、 singer born in Tennessee D. a computer programmer答案：C。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第一句话“.a program started by Dolly Partons foundation that mailed a book to children from birth to age five in the singers home town of sevier，Tenneasea”中的singer可知C项正确。7Why did the Richters go to Dollywood?A. To avoid signing up onlin
27、e.B. To meet Dollywood board members.C. To make sure the books were the newest.D. To see if the books were of good quality.答案：D。细节理解题。根据短文倒数第三段第一、二句话可知，书的质量是Richter夫妇关心的问题。因此他们没有在网上报名，而是亲自去多莉坞看看。因此可知D项正确。8What can we learn from Tims words in the last paragraph?A. He needs more money to help the chil
28、dren.B. He wonders why some people are so busy.C. He tries to save those waiting to die.D. He considers his efforts worthwhile.答案：D。推理判断题。Tim最后说：有些人坐着等死，而另一些人在剩余的时间内尽可能的忙碌。由上文可知，Richter夫妇对自己所做的事情很满意，并且其他人也非常感激，由此可推出D项正确。Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the d
29、og, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular free time activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they dont run the streets
30、. Every one of them automatically heads to the park or the river. It is my firm belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (丧失). I spent my boyhood climbing trees. These days
31、, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and strange new ideas about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the
32、US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD (多动症). Those whose housing had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten
33、 children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, the entire school would do better in studies.Another study found that
34、 children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based
35、 on imagination and creativity.Most bullying (恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School, with its hard tarmac, where I used to hang about i
36、n corners dreaming about wildlife.But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to th
37、eir souls.One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green placesThe life of old peopl
38、e is much better when they have access to nature. The most important for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.In wider and more difficult areas of life, t
39、here is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natur
40、al environment can reduce violent behaviour because its process helps reduce anger and behavior that people might regret later.” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.We tend to think human beings are doing nature some kind of favour when we are protect
41、ing nature. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is damaging.Human beings are a species of animals. For seven million years we lived on the planet as part of nature. So we miss the na
42、tural world and long for contact with non-human life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a glass of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that.We need the wild world. It is necessary to our well-being,
43、our health, our happiness. Without other living things around us we are less than human.15. What is the authors firm belief?A. People seek nature in different ways.B. People should spend most of their lives in the wild.C. People have quite different ideas of nature.D. People must make more efforts t
44、o study nature.16. What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays?A. Personal freedom.B. Things that are natural.C. Urban surroundings.D. Things that are purchased.17. What does a study in Sweden show?A. The natural environment can help children learn better.B. More access to nat
45、ure makes children less likely to fall ill.C. A good playground helps kids develop their physical abilities.D. Natural views can prevent children from developing ADHD.18. Children who have chances to explore natural areas _.A. tend to develop a strong love for scienceB. are more likely to dream abou
46、t wildlifeC. tend to be physically tougher in adulthoodD. are less likely to be involved in bullying19. What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD?A. Find more effective drugs for them.B. Provide more green spaces for them.C. Place them under more personal care.D.Engage them in mo
47、re meaningful activities.20. In what way do elderly people benefit from their contact with nature?A. They look on life optimistically.B. They enjoy a life of better quality. C. They are able to live longer. D. They become good-humoured.15. A。从第一段最后一句”It is my firm belief that not only do we all need
48、 nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.”可知人们以各种形式追寻大自然，亲近大自然。16. D。从第二段最后一句中“things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found”可知父母现在更愿意给孩子买东西.17. B。从第四段第一句中 “kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater phy
49、sical ability”可以得出B结论。18. D。从第六段第一句中的“the least bullying is ina natural areathat the children are encouraged toexplore.”可以得出D结论。19. B。第八段第二句“Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children.”可知对多动症儿童来说，把他们置于自然环境中是最有益的。20. B。第九段第二句“The most important
50、 for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years.”可以得出B结论。Beginning college is exciting: new ideas to explore, new challenges to be met and many decisions to be made. Your future begins here.However, you will find college life is different from your previous scho
51、ol environment. Many of us can be easily overwhelmed(压垮) by the details of running a well-balanced life. While some of us may have the know-how, I guess there are more of us who can benefit from learning about the experiences of other who have walked the college halls before you.The following you ma
52、y find of use about life on campus.1. Plan well. There are so many new things to do at a new college or university, social and academic(学术的). Give yourself time to make new friends and become familiar with the campus, but dont forget why you are there. Give some time for social activities and manage
53、 your time wisely. 2. If you dont have a “system” for planning your time now (like a day time, a computer date book), get one. Most of all, dont depend on your memory.3. Dont miss the guidelines, restrictions, rules and regulations of all kinds can usually be found in your student handbook. Consider
54、 them well-balanced food for thought. What dates are important? What pieces of paper need to be handed in? What can/cant you do in your student residence(住处)? Who has authority for what? What do you need to complete to graduate?4. Write the word “STUDY” on the walls of our bedroom and bathroom, and
55、maybe it will help to write it on a piece of paper and stick it on the telephone, TV and the kitchen table. Consider this you are paying thousands of dollars for courses. You pay every time you have to repeat or replace a course.9. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To offer advice on colleg
56、e life.B. To explain why college life is exciting.C. To describe the importance of college life.D. To persuade you to go to college 10. From the passage, we can know .A. one will have more freedom at collegeB. one will make more friends at collegeC. one prepares for ones future career and life at co
57、llegeD. professors at college will provide you with many new ideas11. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “know-how” (in Paragraph 2)?A. An understanding of how things are going at college.B. A practical knowledge about how to behave and what to do at college.C. College halls where r
58、ules and regulations are presented.D. An environment completely different from the one youre used to.12. According to the passage, college students .A. neednt learn from those who went to college before themB. should spend as much time as possible on social activitiesC. should have a “system” for planning their timeD. are supposed to repeat or replace at least one course912、AC BC