1、2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（17）及答案 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIf you have ever been rock climbing, you will know that it is not a very easy sport. In fact, you probably felt quite defeated when you first tried to do any serious climbing. Indoor and outd
2、oor rock climbing are both extremely hard and require practice to get good at. It is one of the most physically and mentally difficult sports.Believe it or not, climbing is said to be about 75% legs and only 25% arms. To climb efficiently and successfully, a person needs to have a wonderful techniqu
3、e. One of the major rules of rock climbing is to always have three points touching the wall, whether it is both feet and one hand, or one foot and both hands, as it is much easier to have your weight rest on three points than on two. Another important idea to grasp is that your arms in most cases wi
4、ll do the climbing; they only hold you into the wall so that your legs are actually pushing you upward. Also, the closer you are to the wall, the easier it is to climb.Rock climbing may sound a bit too challenging for the everyday person, but it is really an amazing practice. Once you get into the s
5、port, and learn how to position your body and youre your weight, then you can begin to deal with some difficult problems. The great thing about rock climbing is that it is mentally challenging as well. You are constantly analyzing the way your body moves and how to do certain moves on the wall. For
6、anyone who wants to get into shape, rock climbing is a fun and effective way to exercise muscles.【文章大意】本文讲述的是攀岩这项运动，它是一项很难的运动，不仅体现在身体上还体现在智力上。据说攀岩75%靠腿力25%靠臂力，要想成功地攀岩还需要完美的技巧。56. What does the author think of rock climbing?A. It is an easy sport. B. It is challenging.C. It is quite dangerous. D. It
7、is extremely difficult.57. While climbing, it is much easier for a rock climber if he _. A. takes a rope B. has a partnerC. has three points touching the wall D. uses feet more often58. _ will make rock climb easier.A. Keeping the body closer to the wall B. Resting more often on the arms C. Resting
8、more often on the feetD. Pushing forward without thinking of the problems 福州市2011届高三年级第一次质量检查） Last weekend,20,000 people gathered in the state of Georgia to watch students from 28 countries compete with robots they built. More than ten thousand students and more than five hundred robots took part i
9、n the competition. The students and their robots competed at the FIRST Championship at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta. FIRST is the short way of saying the organizations complete name：For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology. Almost 1.700 high school teams entered a level of competitio
10、n called LUNACY. In January, the organization sent supplies for robots to each team. The teams had six weeks to build robots that could compete in the LUNACY game. The playing area had six robots, three on each team. Each robot had another vehicle, or trailer(拖车)，connected to it. The robots had to p
11、ick up 1arge balls and throw them into the trailers of opposing robots. The robots were moving on a surface where they could slide. An alliance(联盟)of teams from California，Illinois and Michigan won the LUNACY competition. A second competition involved building a robot that could travel on uneven sur
12、faces,move objects with unusual shapes and resist physical stress. Another competition was for younger students，aged from 9 to 14.They had to design. build and program robots to explore the Earths climate. American inventor Dean Kamen started FIRST in 1989. The organization holds robot competitions
13、around the world. It offers programs that help young people learn more about science， technology，engineering and mathematics，which build life skills. Many companies provide support to the organization. Mister Kamen says the goal is about more than building robots. He says the student competitors sho
14、wed they could deal with difficult technological problems.And.1le says that is good news because the world needs creative thinkers to help with increasingly complex problems in the future.(1)The Robot Competition was organized by_Athe state of GeorgiaBan organization named FIRSTCAmerican inventor De
15、an KamenDsome companies from California(2)The robots in the LUNACY game are able to_Atravel on uneven surfacesBexplore the Earths climateCthrow balls into the trailersDmove objects with different shapes(3)The main purpose of FIRST is to_Aattract more companies to support themBhelp students under 8 t
16、o be interested in scienceCteach students how to build robots on the spotDhelp young people learn science as well as life skills(4)The underlined word that in the last paragraph refers toAthe goal of building robotsBthe students ability to deal with technological problemsCthe goal of the student com
17、petitorsDsomething about technological problems【解析】在美国的佐治亚州举办的机器人比赛吸引了来自不同国家的众多选手的参与，组织者希望通过这样的比赛提升年轻人的科学知识，培养生活技能，为未来攻克复杂问题做准备。 (1)B细节理解题。根据第二段后半部分中的内容可知机器人比赛是由个名叫FIRST的组织举办的。(2)C细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第三句中的内容可知这次比赛中的机器人要能够把球扔进对抗机器人的拖车中。(3)D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句中的内容可知这个组织的主要目的是帮助年轻人学习科学和生活技能。(4)B代词指代题。此处承接的是上一句中的
18、内容，根据上一句后半部分中的内容可知此处that指的是学生处理技术问题的能力。（郑州市2011年高中毕业班第二次质量预测） Why do men live a shorter life than women? The latest research indicates that mens hearts going into a rapid decline when they reach middle age could be the cause. The research of ageing on the heart has shown that womens longevity may be
19、 linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose much pumping power with age. “We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20 percent-25 percent between 20 and 70 years of age,”said the head of the study, Samantha of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK. “Within the heart there ar
20、e millions of cells which make it beat. Between the ages of 20 and 70,one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men, ”said Samantha. This is part of the ageing process. What amazes scientists is that the female heart suffers very little loss of these cells. A healthy 70-year-old womans he
21、art could work almost as perfectly as a 20-year-old ones. “This gender(性别)difference might give the reason why men live shorter than women. ” said Samantha. They studied over 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 17 and 80,who are mainly healthy persons so as to reduce the influence of disea
22、se. “The team has yet to think about why ageing suffers a greater loss on the male heart. ”said Samantha. But there is also good newsmen can enjoy the health of their hearts with regular exercise. Samantha stressed that women should also take regular exercise to stop their leg muscles getting weaker
23、 as they age.【解析】 本文介绍了一项科学研究的结果：男人比女人寿命短主要是男人的心脏细胞在20岁到70岁之间损失掉三分之一，因而心脏的能力降低了2025，而女人的心脏细胞在这一年龄阶段损失得很少。 (1)B猜测词义题。根据第一段的第一句话Why do men live a shorter life than women? 可推知longevity的意思足“长寿”。(2)D主旨大意题。本文探讨了男人比女人寿命短的主要原因，那就是与心脏细胞数量的减少有关。男人的心脏细胞在20岁到70岁之间会丧失三分之一，因而心脏的能力降低了2025，而女人的心脏细胞在这个年龄阶段几乎没有丧失。因此，
24、本文的中心话题是心脏与长寿。(3)C 细节理解题。根据第五段的第一句What amazes scientists is that the female heart suffers very little loss of these cells”可知答案为C。(4)C细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，男人经常进行锻炼可以拥有健康的心脏，女人经常进行锻炼可以抵制腿部的肌肉衰弱无力。因此，要想长寿，就要积极锻炼。 Going for Yoga Lessons“Try and see inside your mind, a wide open blue sky and a vast green pl
25、ain far away. Breathe in as you circle your hands high above your head, then bend back a little. Breathe out as you circle your arms back down to your sides.”Following the yoga teachers gentle instructions, Bai Yunuo, 15, from the High School Affiliated to Beijing Normal University tried to get each
26、 of her poses correct.Bais school offered 24 elective courses for Senior 1 students this term and she chose two. It was her first yoga class.“Im happy that I can learn yoga at school. I love dancing but I have some injuries on my knees from when I was a kid. So I decide to try something soft. Simply
27、 stretching into different poses makes me feel free and quiet. And the music is quite comforting. The class is relaxing after a whole days work,” Bai said.Thinking like an adultLiu Zehao, 15, found his interest was Junior Achievement（企业经营模拟）. The course brings students into the real world of busines
28、s. In their first class, Liu and his group members named their company “Vision”. Liu was elected as CEO of the company.“Here we learn to think like an adult. We have to make our company gain the most profits with the least investments （投资）. Its new and different from other courses,” he said.Liu and
29、Bai take their elective courses twice a week with students from other classes who share the same interest. The students will get two credit points （学分）from each course at the end of this term. They have to achieve eight credit points from electives to graduate from high school.59. What is the first
30、paragraph about?A. Instructions of the yoga teacher. B. Advertisements of the yoga lessons. C. Experiences of elective courses of the students.D. A gymnastic lesson given to Senior I students.60. Which of the following is NOT true about Bai Yunuo? A. She chooses two elective courses for this semeste
31、r. B. She cant dance because of the injuries in her knees. C. She practices yoga every morning at school.D. She enjoys listening to the music when practicing yoga.来源: 【答案】C【解析】从第三段Bais school offered 24 elective courses for Senior 1 students this term and she chose two.得知白雨锘选择了两门选修课程从第四段I love danci
32、ng but I have some injuries on my knees from when I was a kid.得知她喜欢跳舞但是小时候膝盖受伤了现在不能跳了I decide to try something soft. imply stretching into different poses makes me feel free and quiet.得知跳舞的时候的时候喜欢听轻音乐。C项在短文中没有提到【考点定位】考察的是细节理解题61. What can we infer from Bais words?A. She has been crazy with yoga sinc
33、e she was very young. B. Yoga is not as intense to the body as dancing. C. Yoga can help heal the injuries in knees.D. Yoga can always take the place of dancing.62. Liu Zehao chooses Junior Achievement as his elective course because _. A. he can learn to think like adults in this course B. he can make some new friends with the same interest C. he prefers to be CEO of the companyD. he is building a company in his spare time【答案】A【解析】从第二个标题的第二段的第一句话“Here we learn to think like an adult.得知他们在这个课堂中能够学会有大人的思维去思考问题【考点定位】考察的是细节理解