1、2014高考英语阅读理解巩固练习（25）及答案第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A(2012河北省普高质检) Thank you for your interest in volunteering with the City of Melbournes tourism program.If you would like to receive an email advising you of the next recruitment session, please email tourism me
2、lbourne. vic.gov. au.Volunteering with Tourism MelbourneVolunteers play a vital role in the City of Melbournes tourism services. They provide information on Melbourne to around two million visitors each year. Their love and knowledge of the city and regional Victoria adds to Melbournes reputation as
3、 a friendly, welcoming and culturally vibrant(有活力的) city.The City of Melbournes tourism branch generally conducts two volunteer recruitment intakes each year for the following tourism programs：City AmbassadorsMelbourne Visitor Booth at Bourke Street MallMelbourne Visitor Centre at Federation SquareM
4、elbourne Greeter ServicePlaces are limited and potential volunteers must participate in a selection process based around the following criteria. Volunteers must be：passionate about Melbournecustomer service focusedfamiliar with computer available for one fourhour shift (either morning or afternoon)
5、each week for a minimum of one yearteam players who love meeting peopleable to demonstrate a commitment to the City of Melbournes values (as outlined the online application)More informationTo find out more about becoming a volunteer, contact us online or phone the City of Melbournes Volunteer Projec
6、t Officer, Tourism Melbourne on (03) 9658 9658.For other volunteering opportunities, see national volunteer recruitment website Go_Volunteer.文章大意：你对成为墨尔本旅游志愿者感兴趣吗？墨尔本正在招聘旅游志愿者，看看你是不是符合条件呢？56Where will you most probably read the above passage?A. In classified tourism advertisements.B. In a radio repo
7、rt of a tourism program.C. In a book review about volunteering.D. On a local government website.答案：D推理判断题。由第二段和最后一段可知，这是当地政府网站。57Which of the following is NOT one of the qualifications for a volunteer?A. Owning a drivers license.B. Enjoying meeting persons.C. Having computer skills. D. A fourhour pe
8、riod each week.答案：A细节理解题。由第七、八段文字可知，B、C、D三项都是志愿者必备的条件。58It can be inferred from the passage that_.Athe programs recruitments take place every two yearsBGo Volunteer offers information about Melbournes volunteer programCif you know Melbourne well, youre sure to be admitted as a tourism volunteerDeven
9、 though youre interested in the program, you cant be its member right now答案：D推理判断题。由文章最后两段可知，要成为志愿者，还要通过审核。A、B、C三项都不对。59What would be the best title for the passage?A. Does volunteering pay back? B. Welcome to the City of Melbourne!C. Tourism Volunteer Program D. Interest and Tourism Volunteering答案：
10、C主旨大意题。由文章大意，结合第一段可知。When people hear a president speak, they seldom think about others helping to shape the presentation (报告). Today, however，presidents depend on writers such as J. Terry Edmonds to help them communicate (交流) effectively. Edmonds is the first African American ever to work as a full
11、-time speechwriter for a U. S. president；he is also the first African American to serve as director of speechwriting for the White House. His is an all-American story of success.Edmonds grew up in Baltimore, Maryland; his father drove a truck，and his mother worked as a waitress. A great reader, Edmo
12、nds showed a gift for writing at his high school，Baltimore City College. After graduating in 1967, Edmonds went on to Morgan State University.Edmonds began his career in business, with jobs in public relations and communications. He joined the world of politics as news secretary for his congressman
13、(国会议员) from Baltimore. During Bill Clintons presidency, he wrote speeches for Health and Human Services Secretary Donna Shalala and worked in a number of jobs in the White House and in governmental departments. President Clinton then appointed(任命) him to the office of director of speechwriting. Foll
14、owing the 2000 elections, Edmonds returned to Morgan State University as the schools special assistant to the president for 20012002.【文章大意概括】文章主要介绍美国总统演讲稿撰写人J.Terry Edmonds的成长经历。1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A. Edmonds proved himself to be good at writing at high
15、 school.B. Edmonds graduated from Morgan State University in 1967.C. Edmonds was the first full-time speechwriter.D. Edmonds served the White House after 2000.【详解剖析】事实细节题。根据第二段第二句.Edmonds showed a gift for writing at his high school，Baltimore City College.可知Edmonds上中学时就表现出了写作天赋，故选A。【最佳选项】A2. Edmonds
16、 entered the world of politics first as_.A. news secretary for a congressmanB. a speechwriter for President ClintonC. news secretary in the White HouseD. a speechwriter for Secretary Donna Shalala【详解剖析】事实细节题。根据第三段第二句He joined the world of politics as news secretary for his congressman(国会议员)from Balt
17、imore.可知答案为A。【最佳选项】A3. The text is most likely to be found in a book about_.A. popular science B. historical eventsC. successful people D. political systems【详解剖析】推理判断题。本文主要是介绍Edmonds的成功经历，故本题选C。【最佳选项】C Andrew Ritchie, inventor of the Brompton folding bicycle, once said that the perfect portable bike
18、 would be“ like a magic carpet.You could fold it up and put it into your pocket or handbag”. Then he paused：“ But youll always be limited by the size of the wheels. And so far no one has invented a folding wheel.”It was a rareindeed uniqueoccasion when I was able to put Ritchie right. A 19th-century
19、 inventor，William Henry James Grout，did in fact design a folding wheel. His bike, predictably named the Grout Portable, had a frame that split into two and a larger wheel that could be separated into four pieces. All the bits fitted into Grouts Wonderful Bag，a leather case.Grouts aim: to solve the p
20、roblems of carrying a bike on a train.Now doesnt that sound familiar? Grout intended to find a way of making a bike small enough for train travel: his bike was a huge beast. And importantly, the design of early bicycles gave him an advantage：in Grouts day ，tyres were solid，which made the business of
21、 splitting a wheel into four separate parts relatively simple. You couldnt do the same with a wheel fitted with a one-piece inflated(充气的) tyre.So，in a 21st-century context, is the idea of the folding wheel dead? It is not. A British design engineer, Duncan Fitzsimons, has developed a wheel that can
22、be squashed into something like a slender ellipse(椭圆). Throughout，the tyre remains inflated.Will the young Fitzsimonss folding wheel make it into production? I havent the foggiest idea. But his inventiveness shows two things. First, people have been saying for more than a century that bike design ha
23、s reached its limit, except for gradual advances. Its as silly a concept now as it was 100-years-ago：theres plenty still to go for. Second, it is in the field of folding bikes that we are seeing the most interesting inventions. You can buy a folding bike for less than 1,000 that can be knocked down
24、so small that it can be carried on a plane minus wheels, of courseas hand baggage.Folding wheels would make all manner of things possible. Have we yet got the magic carpet of Andrew Ritchies imagination? No. But its progress.【文章大意概括】一位发明家想要发明折叠自行车的话，最大的困难是如何折叠轮子。其实19世纪的一位发明家在当年已经做到了，令人欣喜的是现在又有人想出了折叠
25、轮子的办法。我们都在期待着。1. We can infer from Paragraph 1 that thc Brompton folding bike_.A. was portableB. had a folding wheelC. could be put in a pocketD. looked like a magic carpet【详解剖析】推理判断题。这种自行车的特点是便于携带，而不是呈地毯状或为的是能放进口袋，故不能选C或D。【最佳选项】A2. We can learn from the text that the wheels of the Grout Portable_.A
26、. were difficult to separateB. could be split into 6 piecesC. were fitted with solid tyresD. were hard to carry on a train【详解剖析】推理判断题。从文章第三段“And importantly.in Grouts day，tyres were solid.”可得知答案。他的折叠方法只适合当时的固体轮胎。【最佳选项】C3. We can learn from the text that Fitzsimonss invention_.A. kept the tyre as a w
27、hole pieceB. was made into production soonC. left little room for improvementD. changed our views on bag design【详解剖析】推理判断题。从文章第四段“squashed into.like a slender ellipse”可得知答案。【最佳选项】A4. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Three folding bike inventorsB. The making of a folding
28、 bikeC. Progress in folding bike designD. Ways of separating a bike wheel【详解剖析】主旨大意题。全文讲述了不同时期的三位发明家对折叠自行车的探索。故选C。【最佳选项】C (2012上海春招)Frederic Mishkin, whos been a professor at Columbia Business School for almost 30 years, is good at solving problems and expressing ideas. Whether hes standing in front
29、 of a lecture hall or engaged in a casual conversation, his hands are always waving and pointing. When he was in graduate school, one of his professors was so annoyed by this constant gesturing that he made the young economist sit on his hands whenever he visited the professors office.It turns out,
30、however, that Mishkins professor had it exactly wrong. Gesture doesnt prevent but promotes clear thought and speech. Research demonstrates that the movements we make with our hands when we talk form a kind of second language, adding information thats absent from our words. Its learnings secret code:
31、 Gesture reveals what we know. It reveals what we dont know. Whats more, the agreement (or lack of agreement) between what our voices say and how our hands move offers a clue to our readiness to learn.Many of the studies establishing the importance of gesture to learning have been conducted by Susan
32、 GoldinMeadow, a professor of psychology at the University of Chicago. “We change our minds by moving our hands，” writes GoldinMeadow in a review of this work. Particularly significant are what she calls “mismatches” between oral expression and physical gestures. A student might say that a heavier b
33、all falls faster than a light one, for example, but make a gesture indicating that they fall at the same rate, which is correct. Such differences indicate that were moving from one level of understanding to another. The thoughts expressed by hand motions are often our newest and most advanced ideas
34、about the problem were working on; we cant yet absorb these concepts into language, but we can capture them in movement.GoldinMeadows more recent work strews not only that gesture shows our readiness to learn, but that it actually helps to bring learning about. It does so in two ways. First, it elic
35、its(引出) helpful behavior from others around us. GoldinMeadow has found that adults respond to childrens speechgesture mismatches by adjusting their way of instruction. Parents and teachers apparently receive the signal that children are ready to learn, and they act on it by offering a greater variet
36、y of problemsolving techniques. The act of gesturing itself also seems to quicken learning, bringing new knowledge into consciousness and aiding the understanding of new concepts. A 2007 study by Susan Wagner Cook, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Iowa, reported that thirdgr
37、aders who were asked to gesture while learning algebra (代数) were nearly three times more likely to remember what theyd learned than classmates who did not gesture.文章大意：手势语对于我们的学习有着重要的意义。60According to Paragraph 1, Frederic Mishkin was asked to sit on his hands because_.A. he could better express his
38、 ideas that wayB. he always pointed his finger at his professorC. his professor did not like his gesturingD. his gestures prevented his professor from thinking答案：C细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话“When he was in graduate school, one of his professors was so annoyed by this constant gesturing that he made the young ec
39、onomist sit on his hands whenever he visited the professors office.”可知，教授对他的学生的指手画脚的动作不满。61How is gesturing important in acquiring knowledge?AIt draws tasteful responses from others and increases learning speed.BIt promotes second language learning and quickens thinking.CIt provides significant clue
40、s for solving academic problems.DIt reduces students reliance on teachers instruction.答案：A细节理解题。由最后一段第六句话“The act of gesturing itself also seems to quicken learning, bringing new knowledge into consciousness and aiding the understanding of new concepts.”可知。62What can be inferred from the passage abo
41、ut gesturespeech mismatches?A. They can stimulate our creativity.B. Instructors should make full use of them.C. Teachers can hardly explain new concepts without them.D. They serve as a stepping stone to solving real life problems.答案：B推理判断题。由最后一段的介绍可知，老师、家长应该充分利用手势语。63What could be the best title of the passage?A. Hand Motions, a Second Language B. Gesturing: Signal of UnderstandingC. New Uses of Gesturing D. The Secret Code of Learning答案：D主旨大意题。纵观全文，讲述了手势语对于学习的重要意义。*09*09*结束