1、2014高考英语阅读理解基础练习（17）及答案 第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。A(2012河北普通高中教学质检)Thank you for your interest in volunteering with the City of Melbournes tourism program.If you would like to receive an email advising you of the next recruitment session，please emai
2、l tourismmelbourne.vic.gov.au.Volunteering with Tourism MelbourneVolunteers play a vital role in the City of Melbournes tourism services.They provide information on Melbourne for around two million visitors each year.Their love and knowledge of the city and Victoria add to Melbournes reputation as a
3、 friendly，welcoming and culturally vibrant(有活力的)city.The City of Melbournes tourism branch generally conducts two volunteer recruitment intakes each year for the following tourism programs：City AmbassadorsMelbourne Visitor Booth at Bourke Street MallMelbourne Visitor Centre at Federation SquareMelbo
4、urne Greeter ServicePlaces are limited and potential volunteers must participate in a selection process based on the following criteria.Volunteers must be：passionate about Melbournecustomer service focusedfamiliar with computeravailable for one fourhour shift(either morning or afternoon)each week fo
5、r a minimum of one yearteam players who love meeting peopleable to demonstrate a commitment to the City of Melbournes values(as outlined in the online application)More informationTo find out more about becoming a volunteer，contact us online or phone the City of Melbournes Volunteer Project Officer，T
6、ourism Melbourne on (03)9658 9658.For other volunteering opportunities，see national volunteer recruitment website Go Volunteer.56Where will you most probably read the above passage?AIn classified tourism advertisements. BIn a radio report of a tourism program.CIn a book review about volunteering. DO
7、n a local government website.57Which of the following is NOT one of the qualifications for a volunteer?AOwning a drivers license. BEnjoying meeting people.CHaving computer skills. DA fourhour shift each week.58It can be inferred from the passage that _.Athe programs recruitment takes place every two
8、 yearsBGo Volunteer offers information about Melbournes volunteer programCif you know Melbourne well，youre sure to be admitted as a tourism volunteerDeven though youre interested in the program，you cant be its member right now59What would be the best title for the passage?ADoes Volunteering Pay Back
9、? BWelcome to the City of Melbourne!CTourism Volunteer Program DInterest and Tourism Volunteering56D结合第二段后半部分中的“.please email tourismmelbourne.vic.gov.au.”(gov是government的缩写)和最后一段后半部分中的内容可推测上述文章最可能出自当地的政府网站。57A由Volunteers must be后面的六个标准可知B、C、D三项均是志愿者必须具备的资格。文章中没有提到成为志愿者的资格之一是拥有驾驶执照。58D根据第二段中的“If you
10、 would like to receive an email advising you of the next recruitment session.”可知本文叙述的是下一次征募志愿者的相关内容，由此可推断D项正确。59C文章第一段开门见山地点明了本文的中心话题，所以C项最能概括文章大意。 Having finished her homework, Ma Li wants some music for relaxation. As usual, she starts her computer and goes to B to download music files. But this t
11、ime she is surprised when an announcement about protecting songs copyright bursts onto the screen. The age of free music and movie downloads may have come to an end as Web companies like Baidu are accused（控告）of pirating（盗用）copyright. Lawsuits（诉讼）have been filed against four websites offering free do
12、wnloads. In September 2005, a Beijing court ordered Baidu to pay recording company Shanghai Push compensation for their losses. Baidu was also told to block the links to the pirated music on the website. This caused a heated discussion on Internet file sharing.“Baidus defeat in the lawsuit shows it
13、is not right to get copyrighted songs without paying. Downloaders may face lawsuits or fines,” said an official.Like many teens, Huang Ruoru, an 18-year-old girl from Puning in Guangdong Province, doesnt think that getting music from websites is wrong. She always shares her favourite songs downloade
14、d from Baidu with her friends. When told about the lawsuit, she began to feel a little guilty about getting others work without paying.However, other teenagers have different ideas. Wang Yafei, a Senior 2 girl from Jinan, Shandong Province pointed out that file sharing is a good way to promote pop s
15、ingers. “If I download a song and really like it, I will buy the CD,” she said. “So what the recording companies really should concentrate on is improving their music, rather than pursuing（追究） file-sharers.”56. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?A. Music on the Internet is of bet
16、ter quality.B. Downloading material can be illegal.C. Its good to get free music on the Internet.D. Baidu is a popular web company.57. The four web companies were put to court because _.A. they got copyrighted songs without payingB. they downloaded copyrighted music for peopleC. they make copyrighte
17、d files for free downloadsD. they offer free music on line58. How do some of the teenagers feel while downloading free music after the lawsuit?A. A bit guilty. B. A little sad. C. Extremely angry. D. Awfully sorry.59. Whats the advantage of file sharing for recording companies?A. Getting more money
18、from web companies.B. Enabling people to download favorite songs.C. Helping to improve the music.D. Making pop singers more popular.60. It can be inferred from the text that _.A. Web companies are still ignoring the copyright laws.B. Teenagers havent got money to buy CDs.C. Teenagers are probably st
19、ill downloading free music.D. Teenagers prefer CDs with copyright to pirated music.参考答案-56-60 BCADCPassage B56. B. 主旨大意题。其他选项都太片面，只有B能较好概括文章的内容。57. C. 细节理解题。根据第一段的句子Lawsuits have been filed against four websites offering free downloads.可知这四家网络公司被起诉的原因。58. A. 细节理解题。从第三段最后一句可知正确答案。59. D. 细节理解题。从最后一段第二
20、句pointed out that file sharing is a good way to promote pop singers.可知正确答案。60. C. 推理判断题。其他选项与文章内容不符。 Some kids start to drink alcohol at a young age. They think it is part of becoming an adult. They also think drinking is not that bad because so many people do it. They feel it is not as bad as takin
21、g drugs. It is easy for kids to get liquor by using fake identification . Parents may start to notice a change in their childs behavior if the child starts drinking. Kids who drink sometimes stop doing things they normally like to do. They may keep telephone calls and meetings a secret and not want
22、anybody to touch their things. They act moody（喜怒无常）and do not have the same eating and sleeping habits. Parents need to stay involved（参与的）in their kids lives. They should talk to their children about their problems to be aware of any changes. Parents can be the best protection. Children who get a lo
23、t of love can feel good about themselves. It helps them resist doing bad things even when other kids are doing them. Parents can also help set a good example by not drinking. They can have firm rules in the home that everyone follows. Give the children good ideas on how to say “no” to drinking, even
24、 when they are at a party. Try not to overreact or panic if the child tries alcohol. How you handle it can affect their attitude. It may be helpful to talk to other parents about setting up curfews（宵禁令）and rules about parties or other events.61. Which of the following is NOT the reason why some kids
25、 have an early start of drinking?A. They want to show they are grown-up by drinking alcohol.B. Drinking alcohol is much cooler than taking drugs.C. They are affected by many other people around them.D. They can get liquor easily.62. According to the passage, what changes may happen to the kids who s
26、tart drinking?A. Nothing serious will happen to them.B. They keep the same eating and sleeping habits.C. They can control their moods quite well.D. Sometimes they act secretly.63. According to the writer, if parents find their children try alcohol, they had better _.A. punish them for not being well
27、-behaved B. ask the police for helpC. ask their childrens friends for help so that they can change their mindD. set up curfews and rules about parties or other events with other parents64. Which is the main subject discussed in the passage?A. Teen health.B. Teen education.C. Teen drinking.D. Parents
28、 worries.65. Which of the following statements might the writer agree with?A. Now the problem of kids starting to drink young is rather serious.B. Parents help a lot in stopping kids drinking.C. If a kid acts moody, he must have started drinking.D. Theres still no effective measure to control kids d
29、rinking.参考答案-61-65 BDDCBPassage C61. B. 由第一段，用排除法。62. D. 由第二段“They may keep telephone calls and meetings a secret and not want anybody to touch their things.”可知。63. D. 由最后一句可知。64. C. 纵观全文，可以看出讲的是青少年喝酒的问题。65. B. 纵观全文，都是在讲家长在青少年喝酒问题中如何发现和解决问题，所以可知家长所起的作用很大。(2012河北普通高中教学质检)Former Irish President Mary R
30、obinson was just making a polite conversation with an Ethiopian(埃塞俄比亚的)teenager about her wedding day.The 16yearold had already been married for a year.“She looked at me with the saddest eyes and said，I had to drop out of school，”Robinson said in a telephone interview.“That conveyed to me the realit
31、y，”said Robinson，the first woman to serve as Irelands President and former UN.High Commissioner for Human Rights.“Her life，as far as she is concerned，had more or less ended.”Robinson said keeping girls in school was one of the most important things policymakers could do to address the coming challen
32、ges of an everincreasing population，predicted by the United Nations to reach 7 billion soon.“European countries are concerned about aging populations，but this is much less of an issue than the huge number of people which we are going to see over the next 40 years when the population goes from 7 bill
33、ion to 9 billion，”she said.“Almost all of that increase will be in poor developing countries，so that we have a very big challenge.”Family planning experts worry in particular about the future population explosion in SubSaharan Africa.In May，the United Nations projected the world population would rea
34、ch 9.3 billion in 2050 and 10.1 billion by 2100.Much of that growth will come from Africa，where the population is growing at 2.3 percent a yearmore than double Asias 1 percent growth rate.If that rate stays consistent，which is not certain，Africas population will reach 3.6 billion by 2100 from the pr
35、esent 1 billion.Joel Cohen，a professor of population studies at Rockefeller University and Columbia University in New York，said universal secondary education offered a way to reduce population in high birth rate regions.In addition to providing information about birth control，a secondary education t
36、eaches women to reduce their own fertility，improve the health of their children and allows them to move from a mindset of having many children in the hope that some will survive to improve the quality of each childs life，Cohen wrote in the journal Nature.60In the first paragraph，the author introduce
37、s his topic by _.Agiving an example Bexplaining the authors opinionsCdescribing the poor education system Dcoming straight to the topic61What can we learn from the passage?ARobinson is happy after talking to the Ethiopian girl.BRobinson is a successful expert in population studies.CRobinson is worri
38、ed about the population growth.DRobinson encourages female education.62What is Joel Cohens view about secondary education?AIt provides basic knowledge of health.BIt reduces aging population.CIt makes people pay more attention to education.DIt can change peoples parenting ideas.63According to the pas
39、sage，the most important way to control high population growth is _.Alet girls go away from Africa Bkeep girls in schoolClet young girls remain single Dkeep girls in families60A在本段中，作者以爱尔兰前总统与埃塞俄比亚的一位已婚少女的交谈为例引入话题，所以A项正确。61C第二段引号中的内容提到“欧洲国家担心出现人口老龄化问题，但与人口快速增长相比，这算不了什么。几乎所有的人口增长都发生在发展中国家，这将是一个巨大的挑战”。
40、由此可推断她担心的是人口增长问题。62D由最后一段的最后一句可知，Joel Cohen在自然杂志中写到中学教育可以改变人们的育儿理念。来源:63B根据第二段第一句前半部分中的内容可知，控制人口快速增长的最重要的方式之一是让女孩儿上学。*结束 (2012长春第一次调研)From now on，never spend your precious time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings.Instead，realize that the seeds of success were planted within you wh
41、en you were born.Only you have the power to make those seeds grow.The seeds，and the power to grow them，are contained in the most awesome machine ever created：the human mind.Success is a choice but not a chance.You were born a winner.You were born rich.You can be a success if only you make the right
42、choice.You cannot be successful without first developing your selfconfidence.Your level of selfconfidence is always based on the degree of control over yourself，and thus over your life.People with low selfconfidence are people who do not believe that they have any power，or responsibility for their l
43、ives.They are leaves tossed(摇摆)by the winds.Everything happens as a result of something.If we can identify the cause，we can control the effect.We are responsible for what we choose to think and believe.One generally rises to the level that one expects.We are responsible for setting our expectations.
44、If you associate with positivethinking people，you are definitely going to achieve success.On the contrary，the opposite happens.We are responsible for finding，planting，and nurturing the seeds that contain future victory，born from setbacks.In short，in all areas of your life，whether they are financial，
45、physical，emotional，or spiritual，you are responsible.Once you recognize this，accept it，and firmly believe it，you are on the road to success.64People with low selfconfidence are compared to leaves because they _.Aare ready to change their minds Bare easily affected by windy weatherCdont have the power
46、 to face their fate Dcant control themselves in life65The last paragraph serves as _.Aan example of negative attitudes Bthe conclusion of the argumentCan introduction to another topic Da comparison between two views66Which of the following might be the best title for the text?ASuccess is a choice BT
47、he secrets of successCDevelop our confidence DHow to achieve success64D由文章第三段提到的“Your level of selfconfidence is always based on the degree of control over yourself，and thus over your life.”可推知，自信程度取决于对自我的掌控程度，所以选D项。65B由最后一段的大意及标志词语“In short”可知，最后一段主要是对观点的总结和归纳，所以选B项。66A第二段是本文的主题段，主要告诉读者“成功是一个选择”，所以
48、A项正确。B项与D项概括得过于宽泛；而C项则只是成功的条件之一，故排除。*结束 Homeownership has let us down.For generations，Americans believed that owning a home was undoubtedly good.Our political leaders hammered home the point.Franklin Roosevelt held that a country of homeowners was“unconquerable”Homeownership could even save babies，s
49、ave children，save families and save America.A house with a lawn and a fence wasnt just a nice place to live in or a riskfree investment；it was a way to transform a nation.No wonder leaders of all political types wanted to spend more than $100 billion a year on subsidies and tax breaks to encourage p
50、eople to buy.But the dark side of homeownership is now all too apparent：Indeed，easy lending stimulated by the cult of homeownership may have triggered the financial crisis.Housing remains a drag on the economy.Existinghome sales in April dropped 27% from the prior month，worsening fears of a doubledi
51、p.And all that is just the obvious tale of a housing bubble and what happened when it popped.The_real_story_is_deeper_and_darker_still.For the better part of a century，politics，industry and culture lined up to create a fetish of the idea of buying a house.Homeownership has done plenty of good over t
52、he decades；it has provided stability to tens of millions of families.Yet by idealizing the act of buying a home，we have ignored the downsides.In the bubble years，lending standards slipped dramatically，allowing many Americans to put far too much of their income into paying for their housing.And we ig
53、nored longerterm phenomena too.Homeownership contributed to the hollowing out of cities and kept renters out of the best neighborhoods.It fed Americas overuse of energy and oil.It made it more difficult for those who had lost a job to find another.Perhaps worst of all，it helped us become casually se
54、lfdeceiving：By telling ourselves that homeownership was a pathway to wealth and stable communities and better test scores，we avoided dealing with these frightening issues headon.Now，as the US.recovers from the biggest housing bust(破产)since the Great Depression，it is time to rethink how realistic our
55、 expectations of homeownership areand how much money we want to spend chasing them.Many argue that homeownership should not be a goal pursued at all costs.67Political leaders wanted to spend money encouraging people to buy houses because _.Aowning a home was undoubtedly good Bhomeownership was uncon
56、querableChouses could save families and America Dhomeownership could shape a country68The underlined sentence in Para.2 means _.Ahomeownership has quite a lot of bad effectsBthere might be another housing breakdown in the US.Cthe existinghome sales will keep decreasing in the US.Dthe result of homeo
57、wnership is much worse than it appears69It can be inferred from Para.3 that _.Ait is hard for Americans to get a home loanBit is the way to wealth to have ones own houseCmany Americans choose to live out of urban areasDhomeownership has made many people out of work70What is the authors attitude towa
58、rds homeownership?AFavorable. BAmbiguous. CCautious. DOptimistic.67D根据文章第一段中的“Homeownership could even save babies.save America.A house with a lawn and a fence wasnt just a nice place to live in or a riskfree investment；it was a way to transform a nation.”可知，住房拥有率对一个国家有着很大的影响，D选项符合文意。68D根据画线部分前的“Exi
59、stinghome sales in April dropped 27% from the prior month，worsening fears of a doubledip.And all that is just the obvious tale of a housing bubble and what happened when it popped.”可推知，画线句子表示住房拥有情况比表面上还要糟糕得多。故答案选D项。69C根据文章第三段中的“Homeownership contributed to the hollowing out of cities and kept renters out of the best neighborhoods.”并结合上下文语境可知，许多美国人选择住在市区以外。故答案选C项。70C通读全文并结合最后一段可知，住房拥有率是一个敏感的话题，一个可能关系国家兴衰的话题。作者在谈及这方面的问题时一直持谨慎的态度。故答案选C项。*结束*结束