1、江苏省无锡市2021届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话
2、。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.How long does it take the man to drive from his house to the university during rush hour?A.25 minutes. B.40 minutes. C.50 minutes.2.Where are the speakers?A.At home. B.In a museum. C.In the city square.3.Whats
3、the relationship between Jim and the man?A.Classmates. B.Brothers. C.Close friends.4.Who does the wallet belong to?A.Mrs.Johnson. B.Bill. C.Mr.Miller.5.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.A camp for teenagers. B.Indoor activities. C.Franks adventure.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话
4、或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whats the mans wife?A.A housewife. B.A gardener. C.A teacher.7.What instrument does the mans kids play?A. Violin. B.Piano. C.Flute.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.When did the woman go to the re
5、staurant?A.Thursday. B.Wednesday. C.Tuesday.9.What does the woman think of the restaurant?A. It is small. B.It is popular. C.It is quite new.10. How did the woman order?A. By carefully reading the menu.B. By following others advice.C.By looking at others dishes.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What is the man n
6、ervous about?A. Taking politics lessons. B.Giving English lectures. C.Doing lots of reading.12. How does the woman find the teacher?A.Great. B.Just so-so. C.Disappointing.13.What does the woman advise the man to do?A.To take notes carefully. B. To read the textbook more. C.To review the summaries we
7、ll.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. Who does the man focus on in the competition?A. The judges. B.The audience. C.Other skaters.15. What was the mans first love before skating?A.Horsing riding. B.Swimming. C.Tennis.16.What is the man going to do next week?A.Be a judge in a TV show.B.Compete in another match.C.T
8、each some skaters.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. When can people visit the reading rooms of the British Library?A.On Fridays. B.On Saturdays. C.On Sundays.18.When did the British Library open?A.In 1977. B.In 1966. C.In 1988.19.How long is the shelving of the basement?A.120 kilometers. B.300 kilometers. C.1,0
9、00 kilometers.20.What do we know about the collection in the British Library?A.It has a long history.BPeople can borrow books easily.C.Each piece belongs to different cities.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHiring NowCopy EditorLocation:Beijing, ChinaCo
10、ntract Length: Minimum 12-month commitmentCGTN Digital is seeking an experienced copy editor to join its growing team of devoted, passionate journalists in Beijing. The ideal candidate will have experience working accurately and carefully, in a fast-paced news environment. They will be positive, ene
11、rgetic and totally committed to the highest journalistic standards. They will also have the ability to read and edit scripts (讲稿）critically; make edits consistent with CGTNs one and accuracy; and spot spelling, punctuation, grammar, and syntax(句法）mistakes consistently.Edit existing news contentRepur
12、pose existing content for various online platformsWork together with other journalistsHave an interest in international and Chinese newsMinimum QualificationsAt least 3+ years of relevant experience in editing and fact-checkingNative-level knowledge of the English languageAn eye for detail and abili
13、ty to produce spotless copyAbility to multitask and work as a team playerUniversity degreeApply by sending a CV and a detailed cover letter, including your current and expected salary, along with any relevant work samples by e-mail to: cgtndigital .1. What aspects does CGTN Digital focus on while ch
14、oosing a copy editor?A. Individualism and interest.B. Nationality and ability.C. Age and gender.D. Experience and competence.2. Which of the following basic requirements should job applicants meet?A. Little experience in correcting mistakes.B. Native-level fluency in the English language.C. Ability
15、to spot mistaken details in the copy.D. Competence to perform a single task independently.3. What should an applicant offer when applying for this job?A. A brief cover letter.B. A self-introduction video.C. Work samples related to this job.D. Current and expected bonus.【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。
16、这是一则CGTN Digital招聘文字编辑的启事，其中包括招聘的时间、工作地点以及招聘要求等内容。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“CGTN Digital is seeking an experienced copy editor to join its growing team of devoted, passionate journalists in Beijing.”“CGTN Digital正在寻找一位经验丰富的文字编辑来加入在北京不断壮大的敬业、热情的记者队伍。”以及“They will also have the ability to read and edit scripts
17、 critically”“他们还将具有批判性阅读和编辑脚本的能力”可知，CGTN Digital在选择文字编辑时关注经验和能力。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“spot spelling, punctuation, grammar, and syntax mistakes consistently.”“能始终如一地发现拼写、标点，语法和句法错误。”以及Minimum Qualifications表格中的“An eye for detail and ability to produce spotless copy”“对细节有敏锐的洞察力，能够制作出毫无瑕疵的作品”可知，求职者应该满足
18、能够发现稿件中错误细节的基本要求。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Apply by sending a CV and a detailed cover letter, including your current and expected salary, along with any relevant work samples by e-mail to: cgtndigital .”“通过邮件cgtndigital 发送简历和详细的求职信，包括你目前和预期的薪水，以及任何相关的工作样本”可知，求职者在申请这份工作时应该提供与这项工作相关的工作样本。故选C项。BHaving
19、met only weeks before,climbers Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay shook hands before hugging each other in a moment that would put their names in history books forever. They were on top of the world-literally.After five hours of continuous climbing the two first climbed to the top of Mount Everest, t
20、he highest spot on Earth. As the ultimate climbing goal for them both and the dream of most climbers, they had just 15 minutes to absorb the experience of being at 8,848 metres above sea level. Any longer and they may not have made it back to camp to tell the tale.With this in mind, the pair spent s
21、ome of their precious minutes searching the area for signs of those who had been before them. The bodies of two previous Everest hopefuls-Andrew Irvine and George Mallory of the 1924 attempt-were in the thoughts of Norgay and Hillary.However, they could find no sign of them having reached the top.Ev
22、erest has been responsible for claiming over 300 lives and endangering many others, as it poses huge and unpredictable challenges,with high altitudes(海拔）putting immense tension on human biology and with its icy land making each step a risk. When the climbers made it back to camp and the news spread,
23、 global admiration and fame poured in.Norgay and Hillary were determined to be the first to conquer the worlds highest mountain. They had done it. At the time they believed that the box had been ticked and no one else would put themselves through the danger to repeat their achievement. They couldnt
24、have been more wrong. Today hundreds of people choose to follow in their footsteps every year. In contrast to the total isolation(孤立） felt on the first successful journey, during times of ideal weather conditions,queues form up to the mountains summit. This creates dangerous standstills (停滞）in the m
25、ountains most deadly zones.Whether you believe these adventurers to be brave, admirable or out of their minds, it is clear that Hillary and Norgay have provided knowledge and inspiration for many to find out how it feels to truly be on top of the world.4. What did Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay d
26、o on the top of the world?A. They measured the height of Mount Everest.B. They celebrated their victory with many climbers.C. They tried to find signs of earlier climbers.D. They shared the experience as long as 15 minutes.5. What can be inferred about Andrew Irvine and George Mallory from the passa
27、ge?A. They succeeded in reaching the top of Mount Everest first.B. They lost their lives in their attempt to conquer Mount Everest.C. They were good friends of Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay.D. They died because they didnt return to their camp in time.6. What does the underlined word immense in P
28、aragraph 3 mean?A. Huge.B. Outside.C. Minimum.D. Limited.7. What will the present Everest climbers be likely to face compared with Norgay and Hillary?A. More terrible loneliness.B. More ideal weather conditions.C. More deadly zones.D. More dangerous stops.【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Ed
29、mund Hillary和Tenzing Norgay成为成功登顶埃佛勒斯峰的事件。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“With this in mind, the pair spent some of their precious minutes searching the area for signs of those who had been before them. ”（带着这个想法，这两个人用他们宝贵的几分钟在这个区域搜寻了在他们之前来到这里的人的痕迹。）可知，Edmund Hillary和Tenzing Norgay尝试寻找了之前的攀登者的痕迹。故选C。2.推理判断题。根据
30、第二段第二句话“The bodies of two previous Everest hopefuls-Andrew Irvine and George Mallory of the 1924 attempt-were in the thoughts of Norgay and Hillary.”（两个之前在1924年尝试的攀登者Andrew Irvine和George Mallory的尸体出现在Norgay和Hillary的脑海里）可知，Andrew Irvine和George Mallory是在攀登埃佛勒斯峰时死去的。故选B。3.词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句话“Everest has be
31、en responsible for claiming over 300 lives and endangering many others, as it poses huge and unpredictable challenges”（埃佛勒斯峰夺走了300多人的生命并使很多人濒临险境，因为它设置了巨大而不可预知的挑战）可知，极高的海拔（high altitudes）是对人体的生理机制造成了巨大的张力，所以immense意为“巨大的”。故选A。4.细节理解题。根据倒第二段最后一句话“ In contrast to the total isolation(孤立） felt on the fir
32、st successful journey, during times of ideal weather conditions,queues form up to the mountains summit. This creates dangerous standstills (停滞）in the mountains most deadly zones.”和第一次的成功攀登时的完全孤立不同，在理想的气候条件下，攀登者会排着队向山顶前进，这会在山上的致命地带造成停滞危险。故选D。CVeronica Vorobet learned about caring in her home country
33、of Romania by nursing her grandparents. In 2013, after their deaths, she moved to England to find a job using the freedom provided by EU (European Union)membership.Vorobet, 36, is one of a quarter of a million care workers who are not UK citizens, a rising percentage of whom have come from the EU in
34、 recent years.They have become an essential part of a low-paid workforce that is constantly understaffed(人手不足的），with about 120,000 unoccupied positions.Yesterday, she expressed disappointment with the announcement that there would be no special treatment for carers coming into the UK after Brexit -B
35、ritish exit from the EU.“I want to see people treated the way I want to be treated and to make a difference in peoples lives, making a feeling of home for everyone,” she told the Guardian. “The foreign workers are important in this. They are able to work under a lot of stress and long hours. In my c
36、ountry we are very close to our elderly people and that is what we show here. We try to be close to them and respect their wishes.She said her approach was to treat residents as if they were her own grandparents and provide similar levels of “support and love.” When she arrived in the UK, Vorobet st
37、arted as a junior care worker on minimum wage in a home for older people in Petersfield, Hampshire. Seven years on and having studied for an NVQ in health and social care, she is a deputy(副的) care manager at St Anthonys residential care home in Watford, part of RMD Care. There she works alongside ot
38、her Romanian people, and care workers from Indian, Sri Lanka and Kenya.Her most recent trial has been keeping coronavirus(冠状病毒）out of the home, so far successfully. She said that given the difficulty of taking on care workers, European workers have helped create stability in the workforce. Staff tur
39、nover rates in adult social care currently stand at about 30% a year.“The government should do their research and find out who does these jobs and understand the risk of taking this decision. The risk is that there wont be enough staff to look after the people in need, she said.8. Why does the autho
40、r mention “with about 120,000 unoccupied positions in Paragraph 2?A. To predict the future workforce in the UK.B. To highlight the current situation of the UK.C. To show the importance of foreign carers in the UK.D. To reveal foreign carers determination to stay in the UK.9. What does Vorobet think
41、of foreign carers in the UK?A. They are hardworking and considerate.B. They are unwilling to work with a low pay.C. They work at the risk of being physically abused.D. They have to leave their countries to seek a fortune.10. The underlined part “this decision” in the last paragraph refers to the dec
42、ision that.A. European workers must be fired soonB. foreign carers will be treated with a low payC. foreign carers in the UK will be given no particular treatmentD. the British government bans European workers from finding jobs in England11. Whats the main purpose of this passage?A. To introduce Vor
43、obet, a woman from UK.B. To present the current situation of the EU carers.C. To reveal the problems of the UK after Brexit.D. To predict the future workforce in the UK.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。通过一位女护工的经历以及介绍，向我们描述了从欧盟到英国的护工的现实情况。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Vorobet, 36, is one of a quarter of a m
44、illion care workers who are not UK citizens, a rising percentage of whom have come from the EU in recent years.They have become an essential part of a low-paid workforce that is constantly understaffed, with about 120,000 unoccupied positions.”（36岁的Vorobet是25万非英国居民的职业护工中的一位，来自欧盟的职业护工所占百分比最近一直在上升。他们已
45、经成为长期人手不足且低工资劳动力中必不可少的部分，目前仍有120,000个职位，无人从事。）可推知，作者通过列举这些数据说明了来自国外的职业护工的重要性，再通过列举“with about 120,000 unoccupied positions”，这么多无人从事的职位，说明了虽然这些职业护工比重很大，但是还有这么多职位空缺，进一步强调了国外护工的重要性。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段Vorobet所说的话“They are able to work under a lot of stress and long hours. In my country we are very cl
46、ose to our elderly people and that is what we show here. We try to be close to them and respect their wishes.”（他们能够在强压下工作很长时间。在他们自己的国家，他们亲近老人，在这里也是一样。他们努力地亲近老人并且尊重他们的意愿。）可知，Vorobet认为这些护工非常努力工作并且很体贴。故选A项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Yesterday, she expressed disappointment with the announcement that there would
47、 be no special treatment for carers coming into the UK after Brexit -British exit from the EU.”（昨天，她表达了对这个公告的失望，公告指出，在英国退出欧盟后，对于来到英国的护工，不会有特殊的待遇。）和最后一段中“The government should do their research and find out who does these jobs and understand the risk of taking this decision. The risk is that there wo
48、nt be enough staff to look after the people in need”（政府应当研究一下，搞清楚是谁做了这些工作，并且要知道这个决定的风险。风险就是，将没有足够的人员来照看那些需要照顾的人。）可知，这个决定是由政府作出的，并且这个决定会造成劳动力缺失。由此可知，this decision就是上文政府发出的公告，即外来护工不会有特殊待遇。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。本文第二段通过列举数据表明了来自欧盟的护工的重要地位。第三段通过政府公告表述了这些护工的待遇。第四，五，六段描述了这些护工的工作情况以及贡献。综上可知，本文主要目的是向我们展示了这些欧盟护工目
49、前的情况。故选B项。DIn 2015, researchers from Australias Deakin University published one of the first studies measuring foods physical effect on the left hippocampus(海马体), a seahorse-shaped brain region crucial for memory, learning, and decision making. It is also one of the first areas to shrink in people w
50、ith Alzheimers disease and other forms of dementia (痴呆).255 people filled out diet surveys and then underwent MRI scans(磁共振扫描成像) that measured their brains. Four years later, they returned for another scan in response to a request from the researchers.The study found that the left hippocampus was bi
51、gger and heavier in the healthy eaters than in the unhealthy ones, regardless of age, sex, weight, exercise habits, or general health. That means eating the right foods and skipping the wrong stuff could help protect against declines in thinking and memory that lead to dementia. Healthy eating doesn
52、t just prevent brain decline. It raises scores on thinking and memory tests, according to a study published in March 2019 that tracked 2,621 American women and men for 30 years.Green leafy vegetables have good effects that may protect both females and males against cognitive(认知的）decline and dementia
53、, says lead researcher Claire McEvoy, RD, of the Centre for Public Health at Queens University Belfast in Northern Ireland.Even a little healthy food goes a long way. According to a 2018 Rush University study that tracked 960 people for 4.7 years participants who ate just 1.3 extra servings of green
54、 leafy vegetables a day showed cognitive abilities similar to those of people 11 years younger.How are these power foods working with your brain cells? Animal and test-tube experiments suggest that compounds in healthy diets help new cells make copies of DNA when they divide and multiply. Meanwhile,
55、 high-fat, high-sugar processed foods harm brain cells.While food serves as an important brain protector, experts say brain supplements(补品)arent all that effective. Studies show that they dont make brain cells active in a significantly positive way.Let the buyer be cautious, says David Hogan, MD, a
56、specialist at the University of Calgary.A study of nootropics(益智药) in the November 2019 Journal of the American Medical Association revealed that the unapproved drug-piracetam(乙酰胺吡咯烷酮) was found in four out of five brands tested, at levels that could cause side effects such as depression.12. Why did
57、 the researchers have the 255 people return for another MRI scan four years later?A. To test whether they had Alzheimers disease.B. To see what effects diets had on the left hippocampus.C. To study how they kept healthy in the four years.D. To deepen their research into Alzheimers disease.13. What c
58、an we infer from Paragraph 2?A. Healthy eating helps to reduce the risk of dementia.B. Unhealthy diet is a major contributing factor in cognitive decline.C. Age and sex have nothing to do with our general health.D. Plant-based diets have greater effects on women than men.14. Which of the following w
59、ould David Hogan most probably agree with?A. Brain supplements are as helpful as healthy diets.B. Wed better take brain supplements for convenience.C. We should be careful when taking brain supplements.D. Brain supplements have as many side effects as processed foods.15. What might be the best title
60、 for the passage?A. Yes to Green Leafy VegetablesB. Yes to NootropicsC. No to IntelligenceD. No to Dementia【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了健康饮食尤其是绿叶蔬菜对大脑的影响，可以预防老年痴呆。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“In 2015, researchers from Australias Deakin University published one of the first studies measuring food
61、s physical effect on the left hippocampus”（2015年，澳大利亚迪肯大学的研究者公布了一项研究，这项研究是最早测试食物对于左海马体的影响中的一项研究。）和“255 people filled out diet surveys and then underwent MRI scans that measured their brains. Four years later, they returned for another scan in response to a request from the researchers.”（255人填写了饮食调查报
62、告，然后进行检查大脑的磁共振扫描。四年后，应研究者的要求，他们回来进行另一次扫描。）可知，四年前，255人进行检查大脑的磁共振扫描，参与了测试食物对于左海马体的影响的这项研究。由此推知，四年后重新大脑扫描，也是为了这项研究。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“That means eating the right foods and skipping the wrong stuff could help protect against declines in thinking and memory that lead to dementia. ”（那意味着吃正确的食物，不吃错误的东
63、西，能够帮助减少思维能力和记忆力的下降，这些下降会造成痴呆。）可知，健康饮食可以减少造成痴呆的思维能力和记忆力的下降。由此推知，健康饮食有降低痴呆的可能性。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“While food serves as an important brain protector, experts say brain supplements arent all that effective. Studies show that they dont make brain cells active in a significantly positive way. Let th
64、e buyer be cautious, says David Hogan”（虽然食物是重要的大脑保护者，但是专家说大脑补品并不总是有效的。研究表明这些补品不是以一种积极的方式让大脑活跃。David Hogan说让购买者小心谨慎些。）可知，大脑补品并不是总是对大脑有积极作用的的，购买时要小心。由此推知，David Hogan认为吃大脑补品时候要小心谨慎。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“That means eating the right foods and skipping the wrong stuff could help protect against declines
65、in thinking and memory that lead to dementia.”（那意味着吃正确的食物，不吃错误的东西，能够帮助减少思维能力和记忆力的下降，这些下降会造成痴呆。）以及第二段中“Green leafy vegetables have good effects that may protect both females and males against cognitive decline and dementia”（绿叶蔬菜有很好的效果，可以防止男性和女性认知能力的下降以及痴呆。）可知，这些都是研究的结果。再结合全文内容，本文围绕研究的开始，过程以及结果进行说明，通过
66、这些研究的结果，知道了健康饮食尤其是绿叶蔬菜对大脑健康的积极影响。所以，我们要吃绿叶蔬菜。即“吃绿叶蔬菜”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Have you ever had someone tell you If you eat before bed, you are more likely to get fat!? _16_This belief originated when researchers found the relation between in
67、dividuals snacking late at night and having a BMI that categorizes them as obese(肥胖的）。Is eating late at night, especially after 8 pm, really going to make you gain weight? One theory is that your metabolism(新陈代谢） slows down when you are asleep._17_ Thus the calories you eat right before bed would no
68、t be burned off as much as they would be while youre awake. Although the science seems pretty sound, recent studies have shown that metabolism changes very little, if at all, while you are asleep. _18_ The heart is still beating, lungs are still working, and the brain is still very active. All of th
69、ese actions take energy, meaning while we are asleep, we are still burning calories._19_As we know, one physiological effect of insulin(胰岛素）is storing fat. Food being consumed late at night will more likely be stored away due to the higher levels of insulin present in the blood system. However, insu
70、lin levels at night are shown to be no different than insulin levels during mid-day. If it is true that eating with high insulin levels causes you to gain weight, anyone eating anytime after the morning will become fat.So how come individuals have higher BMI s when they snack at night? It is simply
71、a result of eating too many calories. Snacks that individuals tend to eat during the night are usually high in sugar and calories, such as ice cream, candy, potato chips and soft drinks. Put simply, if you eat more calories than you burn,regardless of the time of the day, you will gain weight. _20_A
72、. With a slow metabolism, few calories are being burned.B. While asleep, your body still functions in many ways.C. All living matter undergoes a process of metabolism.D. The time these snacks are consumed does not matter.E. Without ever questioning it, people quickly assume this to be true.F. Beside
73、s, insulin levels are dramatically lower in the morning than at night.G. Another theory is that late-night snacking leads to rising insulin levels.【答案】16. E 17. A 18. B 19. G 20. D【解析】本文是说明文。文章通过常听到的一句话“睡前吃东西会胖！”这一观点引出两种理论：1.睡着时，代谢比较慢；2.睡着时，胰岛素分泌较多。最后得出晚上吃零食体重指数会更高是由于摄入太多卡路里，并且和吃零食的时间没有关系。【16题详解】上文“
74、Have you ever had someone tell you If you eat before bed, you are more likely to get fat?（是否曾有人告诉你“如果你睡前吃东西，你更容易发胖”？）”及下文“This belief originated when researchers found the relation between individuals snacking late at night and having a BMI that categorizes them as obese.（当研究人员发现人们在深夜吃零食和体重指数间的关系时,这
75、一观点就产生了。）”可知，下文所说的“This belief ”指的就是前文提出问题之后，所给出的相关肯或否的回答。E项中的“Without ever questioning it”就是对上文问题的肯定回答，“people quickly assume this to be true.”和下文用深夜零食和体重指数的关系来解释人们为什么认为这是真的一致。故选E项。【17题详解】上文“One theory is that your metabolism(新陈代谢） slows down when you are asleep.（一种理论认为，当你睡着时，你的新陈代谢会减慢。）”以及下文“Thus
76、the calories you eat right before bed would not be burned off as much as they would be while youre awake.（因此，睡前摄入的卡路里不会像清醒时那样被消耗掉。）”可知，设空处用来说明新陈代谢减慢和卡路里之间的关系，起到承上启下的作用。A项前半句“With a slow metabolism”承接上文所讲的新陈代谢减慢，后半句“few calories are being burned”引出下文所说的卡路里。故选A项。【18题详解】上文“metabolism changes very littl
77、e, if at all, while you are asleep.（当你睡着的时候，如果有新陈代谢的话，变化也很小。）”以及下文“The heart is still beating, lungs are still working, and the brain is still very active.（心脏还在跳动，肺还在工作，大脑仍然非常活跃。）”可知，设空处为睡着时，新陈代谢和身体机能的关系。B项前半句“While asleep”承接上文睡着时这一前提，后半句“your body still functions in many ways.”引出下文各项身体器官的机能。故选B项。【1
78、9题详解】根据文章行文逻辑及前文已经提及的“One theory is （一个理论是）”以及下文“As we know, one physiological effect of insulin is storing fat.（众所周知，胰岛素的一个生理作用是储存脂肪）”说明设空处为另一种和胰岛素相关的理论。G项中“Another theory is”和上文One theory is 相对应，“that late-night snacking leads to rising insulin levels”和下文所提胰岛素和脂肪关系一致。故选G项。【20题详解】上文“if you eat more
79、 calories than you burn, regardless of the time of the day, you will gain weight.（如果你摄入的卡路里比你燃烧的多，不管一天中的哪个时间，你的体重都会增加）”说明卡路里摄入多于燃烧时就会长胖，与摄入时间无关。D项“The time these snacks are consumed does not matter.”与上文一致，说明吃这些零食的时间并不重要。故选D项。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白
80、处的最佳选项。The town of Paradise has suffered a fire, which lasted 17 days and caused a loss of $16.5 billion. As a result, the beautifully named place _21_ its beauty.Shane Grammer,Creative Director for Disney s theme parks in Los Angeles,paid close attention to the news of the fires deadly path. In fac
81、t, he felt quite _22_ to help when seeing the picture shared by his friend, in which only a white chimney of his house _23_ after the fire.“Ive got to _24_ that chimney, he said.Im not trying to say anything. Its just that Im an artist.And it was a(n) _25_for me to express myself and be an artist,wa
82、snt it?”Grammer spent three hours spray-painting the image of a woman on the chimney in black and white,which was _26_ mysterious. Perhaps it served as a(n) _27_ of the beauty of life or just life itself.Then Grammer put its picture on social media. On seeing it, the victims of the fire could not _2
83、8_ themselves.Beautiful and impressive, one of them remarked. And another said, “You bring beauty and _29_”At this time,Grammer became aware that something _30_ had been transformed by a purely artistic expression.When the first mural(壁画）moved so many people,I knew I had to _31_,he told the journali
84、st. Grammer returned to Paradise eight times in three months, _32_which he completed 17 murals of victims and other figures.Today,Grammers efforts have _33_ into a movement. He has also painted murals in dark places around the world that seriously need some light.Ironically, the first painting, on t
85、he chimney in Paradise,existed for just several months, _34_the bulldozer(推土机）was a merciless art critic.But Grammer couldnt be more pleased about it,which means the spirit of Paradise is _35_ again.21. A. destroyedB. createdC. witnessedD. lost22. A. powerlessB. enthusiasticC. urgentD. reluctant23.
86、A. leftB. remainedC. disappearedD. collapsed24. A. mendB. rebuildC. paintD. preserve25. A. riskB. opportunityC. jobD. duty26. A. strikinglyB. originallyC. deliberatelyD. accidentally27. A. labelB. objectC. contentD. reminder28. A. supportB. containC. helpD. release29. A. hopeB. mysteryC. entertainme
87、ntD. inspiration30. A. brighterB. higherC. biggerD. deeper31. A. take backB. come backC. bring backD. hold back32. A. toB. fromC. ofD. during33. A. brokenB. lookedC. developedD. dipped34. A. sinceB. whileC. unlessD. once35. A. lastingB. risingC. fadingD. accumulating【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B
88、 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了艺术家Shane Grammer在大火过后天堂镇的断壁残垣上进行涂鸦画创作的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果，这个有着美好名字的地方失去了它的美丽。A. destroyed破坏，毁灭；B. created创造；C. witnessed见证；D. lost失去。根据首句“The town of Paradise has suffered a fire, which lasted 17 days and caused a loss
89、 of $16.5 billion.”可知天堂镇遭受了一场持续17天、造成严重损失的大火，也就是这个地方因大火失去了它原有的美丽，故选D。 【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当看到朋友分享的照片时，他是感到相当无力回天的。A. powerless无能为力的，无力回天的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. urgent紧急的，迫切的；D. reluctant不情愿的。根据后面从句内容“in which only a white chimney of his house _3_ after the fire.”可知，大火过后房子只剩下一根白色的烟囱。这样的情景明显让人感到绝望
90、或无能为力，故选A。 【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：照片里，大火过后他的房子只剩下一根白色的烟囱。A. left剩下，离开；B. remained剩下，留下；C. disappeared消失；D. collapsed倒塌。根据语境可直接判断出大火烧完“剩下”一根烟囱，remained常用于表示遗址、遗迹的留下或剩下，而left是及物动词，要用被动语态。，故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我去到那里，在烟囱上作画。”A. mend修理，修补；B. rebuild重建；C. paint画画；D. preserve保护。根据下文他是一名艺术家（artist）的提示，以及下一段首
91、句“Grammer spent three hours spray-painting”可知，他是去那里涂鸦作画，故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我自我表达，成为一名真正的艺术家的（绝佳）机会，难道不是吗？A. risk风险；B. opportunity机会；C. job工作；D. duty职责，义务。结合上下文，他这样做并不带着任何功利目的，而是把断壁残垣涂鸦作为一次表达自我和追求艺术的机会，B符合语境，注意本题不能误选D，duty强调的是工作上的职责义务，是必须完成的任务使命，并不契合此处语境。综上，故选B。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：（这幅黑白画）在那很醒目，又
92、充满了神秘感。A. strikingly醒目地，引人注目地；B. originally最初，本来；C. deliberately故意地；D. accidentally意外地。在仅剩的一根烟囱上作画，这肯定十分醒目，此处用“副词+形容词”的结构（strikingly mysterious）表达“既醒目，又神秘”，A符合语境，他的作画并不带着强烈的功利目的，C项的“故作神秘”不符合语境。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：或许它作为生活美丽的一种回忆，亦或是生活本身的回忆象征。A. label标签，商标；B. object目标，物体；C. content内容，目录；D. reminder
93、提醒物，令人回忆的东西。这场大火把小镇上人们的美好生活都毁了，所有的过往都烟消云散，眼前只有废墟。因而这幅画可作为过去美好生活的回忆物，故选D。 28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这幅画，这场大火的受害者（终于）不能抑制住自己的情绪了，“太美了，太让人印象深刻了。”其中一个人评价道。A. support支持；B. contain控制，抑制；C. help帮助；D. release释放。作为火灾受害者，这幅画激发了他们内心强烈的情感，contain oneself是常用搭配，表示“抑制、控制自己的情绪”，故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：而另一个人表示，“你带来了美好与希望。”
94、 A. hope希望；B. mystery谜题，神秘；C. entertainment娱乐；D. inspiration灵感，鼓舞。这幅废墟上的涂鸦画让他们看到美好，也看到希望，A符合语境，注意inspiration作不可数名词时可表示“灵感”，作可数名词时表示“鼓舞”， bring inspiration只能翻译为带来灵感，不符语境，故选A。 【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这时候Grammer意识到必须从纯粹的艺术表达转向更深入的内容。A. brighter更明亮的；B. higher更高的；C. bigger更大的；D. deeper更深入的。根据上下文，第一幅壁画产生了巨大的反
95、响，给大火的受害者带来了希望，已经具有了社会意义，所以必须从纯粹随心所欲的艺术表达转向更为深入的某些东西，故选D。【31题详解】考查固定短语语义辨析。句意：“当第一幅壁画打动了那么多人的时候，我知道我不得不回来了。” A. take back拿回，撤销；B. come back回来，归来；C. bring back拿回，带回来；D. hold back阻止，隐瞒。根据下一句“Grammer returned to Paradise eight times in three months”可知，他三个月里回了八次天堂镇，后面还提到他进行了大量创作。因此，他是回来天堂镇继续作画，故选B。【32题详
96、解】考查介词用法及定语从句。句意：在这期间，他完成了17幅受害者和其他人物的壁画。A. to到，向；B. from从；C. of属于的；D. during在期间。分析句子结构，“_12_which he completed 17 murals of victims and other figures.”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句末尾处的three months，表示时期，“在这三个月期间”应为“during three months”也即“during which”，介词during表示在期间，故选D。 【33题详解】考查动词短语语义辨析。句意：今天，Grammer的这种艺术成就已经发展
97、成为一种艺术潮流。A. break into闯入，破门而入；B. look into调查；C. develop into发展成为；D. dip into浸入，浸在里。下文还提到他在世界各地作画，他把这种艺术形式带到世界各地，发展成为一种艺术潮流，故选C。【34题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：讽刺的是，天堂镇那根烟囱上的第一幅画，仅仅存留了几个月，因为推土机就是一个冷酷无情的艺术摧毁机器。A. since因为；B. while然而，当的时候；C. unless除非；D. once一旦。分析句子内容，前半句说明事实“这幅画仅仅存留了几个月”，后面解释原因“被推土机推了”，构成因果关系，用since
98、连接，故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但Grammer对此再高兴不过了，这意味着天堂镇的精神又重新升起。A. lasting持续；B. rising升起；C. fading衰退；D. accumulating积累。小镇在一片废墟中重建，小镇精神又再一次重新升起（复兴），故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。If everyone on your team is working different hours, you may be getting emails and messages at all
99、 hours of the day, night or weekend, _36_can create an always available,or always-on” environment. That might be necessary in some _37_(industry) during these challenging times, _38_certainly not in every industry and not for everyone in any industry.However, once this takes root in your company cul
100、ture, it becomes difficult, if not impossible, _39_(change) later.And always-on” is not sustainable(可持续的）It increases pressure and _40_(quick) turns your company _41_ an unpleasant place to work. It might even cause the most dedicated _42_(employ) to consider other offers. So how can you accommodate
101、 your workers needs while still _43_(protect) your culture and your teams work-life balance?The key is to define clear “communication hours(for example, 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.) while encouraging flexibility(灵活性）。Outside of those hours,everyone should be encouraged to change their settings to Do Not Distur
102、b and to use the “ schedule send feature of their email client so that messages _44_(deliver) only during communication hours. If any correspondence(通信联系）must happen outside of the set communication hours, such as for urgent issues, _45_(make) the phone or text only.【答案】36. which 37. industries 38.
103、but 39. to change 40. quickly 41. into/to 42. employee(s) 43. protecting 44. are delivered 45. make【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何应对全天候工作模式的策略。【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：如果你团队里的每个人都在不同的时间工作，你可能会全天一直收到邮件和信息，这就能营造出一种一直在线的环境。在非限制性定语从句中，缺少主语，且代指前面一整句话，故用which。2.考查名词单复数。句意：在这个具有挑战性的时代，那在某些行业可能是必要的，但是并不是对每一个行业都是必要的，也不是对任何一个
104、行业的每个人是必要的。industry意为“行业”，为可数名词。some（一些）后用名词复数。故填industries。3.考查关联词。句意：在这个具有挑战性的时代，那在某些行业可能是必要的，但是并不是对每一个行业都是必要的，也不是对任何一个行业的每个人是必要的。前文说这在某些行业可能是必要的，后文说不是对每个行业和任何行业的每个人是必要的，前后句意相反，表示转折，故填but。4.考查固定搭配。句意：但是，一旦这在你的公司文化里扎根，如果可能的话，之后再改变就会很难。it is+adj+to do sth意为“做某事”，为固定搭配，it是形式主语，真正的主语用不定式，此处change为真正的主
105、语。故填to change。5.考查副词。句意：它增加压力，并且很快将你的公司变成一个不愉快的工作地点。修饰动词turns应用副词。故填quickly。6.考查介词和固定搭配。句意：它增加压力，并且很快将你的公司变成一个不愉快的工作地点。turn.into/to.意为“把变成”，为固定搭配。故填into/to。7.考查名词。句意：它甚至可能会导致最勤奋的员工考虑其它的工作。根据consider other offers可知，考虑其它工作的应该是员工，形容词dedicated修饰名词，作动词cause的宾语，根据句意，用单复数都可以。故填employee(s)。8.考查省略。句意：所以你怎样才能
106、调节你的员工的需求。同时也保护你的文化和你的团队的工作和生活的平衡呢？while引导的状语从句中，如果从句和主句主语相同，从句中可省略主语和be动词，主语you与protect是主动关系，用现在分词。故填protecting。9.考查被动语态。句意：在那些时间之外，每个人都应该被鼓励把他们的设置改为“请勿打扰”模式，并且使用他们的邮件客户端的“指定时间发送”，以便信息只在交流时间被发送。so that引导目的状语从句，deliver是从句谓语动词，动词deliver（发送）和主语messages（信息）构成被动关系，且文章使用一般现在时，故填are delivered。10.考查祈使句。句意：
107、如果有任何通信联系必须发生在设定的交流时间之外，比如对于紧急问题，那就只打电话或者发短信。主句中缺少谓语动词，且没有主语，所以主句为祈使句。故填make。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，你英国朋友Jack在“汉语桥”（Chinese Bridge Competition)中文比赛中获得一等奖。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 表示祝贺；2. 肯定Jack付出的努力；3. 赠送中国四大名著小说。注意：1.词数80左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Jack,Knowing that you won
108、 the first prize in the Chinese Bridge Competition,_Im looking forward to your greater progress in the future.Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jack,Knowing that you won the first prize in the Chinese Bridge Competition, I feel very delighted. Congratulations to you.As is known to all, Chinese is one of the most
109、 difficult languages to learn. Its really amazing for a foreigner to learn and speak Chinese so well. Since skill comes only with practice, patience, and persistence, you must have made great efforts to make it. How great you are. I have already delivered a set of Chinas four great classic novels to
110、 you. I hope it can be of some help to you in learning Chinese.Im looking forward to your greater progress in the future.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件给英国朋友Jack，祝贺他在“汉语桥”（Chinese Bridge Competition)中文比赛中获得一等奖。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和现在完成时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内
111、容。要求：1. 表示祝贺；2. 肯定Jack付出的努力；3. 赠送中国四大名著小说；4.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）won the first prize in; the Chinese Bridge Competition; feel delighted;congratulations to sb.; as is known to all; its really amazing for a foreigner to; skill comes only with practice; patience, and persistence; make great eff
112、orts to make it; deliver to . ; a set of Chinas four great classic novels; be of some help to ; looking forward to your greater progress in the future第三步：连词成句1.As is known to all, Chinese is one of the most difficult languages to learn. 2.Its really amazing for a foreigner to learn and speak Chinese
113、 so well.3. Since skill comes only with practice, patience, and persistence, you must have made great efforts to make it.4. I have already delivered a set of Chinas four great classic novels to you. 5I hope it can be of some help to you in learning Chinese.6.Im looking forward to your greater progre
114、ss in the future.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）表因果关系：since。连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】高分句型1As is known to all, Chinese is one of the most difficult languages to learn.句中使用了as引导非限制性定语从句。高分句型2 Since skill comes only with practice, patience, and persistence, you must have mad
115、e great efforts to make it。句中使用了must have done表对过去的肯定猜测。高分句型3 I hope it can be of some help to you in learning Chinese。句中使用了“be of +名词”结构，此处be of some help to you ，它与比普通表达be helpful to you 相比，句型更高级，体现了作者很高的英语驾驭能力。第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。A long time ago, there
116、was a happy prince and princess in a country. They took care of and loved each other very much, and their country was happy, too. Therefore they didnt envy anything else. There was one thing they worried about. They wanted to make sure they could live happily forever like this.One day, one of the of
117、ficials found out the couples worry and told them, “Prince, I heard that there is a magic charm(吉祥饰物)，and it can protect you from any unfortunate event. If you always carry the magic charm with you, your fear and worry will disappear.” “Is it true? Where can I find that charm?” The prince asked him
118、joyfully. “There is an old man in the forest, and he knows about everything. You can ask him.”The couple visited the old man, and asked for help with their worries and fears. The old man nodded his head as if he knew everything and said, “Travel all around the world. Then, when you meet a very happy
119、 couple, ask them to cut a piece of their underwear. If you keep the piece of the underwear, your fear and worry will go away.”The couple appreciated the old mans kindness and set out on the journey. The couple wandered around everywhere and heard about a happy knight (骑士) and his wife in a town. Th
120、ey went to visit the knight. “Are you really happy like the rumor?” Then the knight answered. “Of course, we are, Prince. But our only worry and problem is that we didnt have any children.”They had to find an absolutely happy couple, so they continued their journey. They visited a happy couple who w
121、ere famous for their happiness in the next town. And they asked the couple if they were really happy. The couple answered. “Yes, we are very happy. But we have too many children. A mother with a large family of children never has a peaceful day. We worry too much about our children.”They could not g
122、et a magic charm this time too, and kept going on their trip. It was very hard to find the happiest couple in the world.One day, the prince couple met a shepherd(牧羊人)and his wife in a big field. _Feeling disappointed and tired out, the prince couple decided to go back._【答案】One day, the prince couple
123、 met a shepherd and his wife in a big field. The shepherd was driving a herd of sheep, and his wife took their two children to him. The moment the shepherd saw his family, he ran to them directly, kissing and embracing each of them by turns. Knowing that this was known to be the happiest family they
124、 were looking for, the prince couple approached them and asked politely “I am sorry, but could you please cut a piece of your underwear for us?” But the happiest shepherd couple felt confused and said “We would like to help you but we dont wear any underwear.”Feeling disappointed and tired out, the
125、prince couple decided to go back. Immediately they returned to their country they visited the old wise man, saying that the magic charm was nowhere to be found. The old man smiled and said “Well is our trip a vain effort?” The prince couple thought to themselves for a while and finally, they realize
126、d that the true magic charm was in their mind, and happiness depends on themselves. Then they held hands firmly and looked in each others eyes, knowing that they would never be unhappy whatever came their way.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一对幸福相爱的王子和公主为了确保他们能永远幸福地生活，听从林中一位智者的话去寻找魔法的故事。而找到魔法的办法就是在周游世界遇到非常幸福的夫
127、妇时，让他们剪下他们的内衣。在寻找魔法的途中，他们分别遇到了一对幸福但没有孩子的夫妇以及一对幸福但孩子太多的夫妇，他们都有各自担心的问题，最终王子夫妇失望而归的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“一天，王子夫妇在一块大的田野里遇到了一个牧羊人和他的妻子”可知，第一段可描写牧羊人夫妇幸福生活的场景，以及这次王子夫妇依然没能得到魔法的原因。由第二段首句内容“感到失望和疲惫，王子夫妇决定回去。”可知，第二段可描写王子夫妇失落回国后去拜访智者，智者为其指点的话以及王子夫妇得到的感悟。2.续写线索：寻找魔法没孩子的骑士夫妇孩子太多的夫妇两个孩子，但没有内衣的牧羊人夫妇失望而归指点感悟。3.词汇
128、激活行为类.走向：run/walk to/approach.抱着：embrace/ hug/clasp/ hold. 回答：answer/say/reply/response情绪类.困惑：confused/puzzled/bewildered.开心：happy/joyful/pleasant/delighted【点睛】高分句型1. The prince couple thought to themselves for a while and finally, they realized that the true magic charm was in their mind, and happiness depends on themselves.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句作谓语动词realized的宾语）高分句型2. Then they held hands firmly and looked in each other s eyes, knowing that they would never be unhappy whatever came their way.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句作非谓语动词knowing的宾语）
