1、2020年秋季高二开学摸底考试英语试卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the woman mean?A. Shell lend a pencil to the man.B. The man doesnt know what to write.C. Everything goes well.2. What is the possib
2、le relationship between the two speakers?A. Doctor and nurse. B. Mother and son. C. Teacher and student.3. How will the woman feel?A. Pleased. B. Disappointed C. Nervous.4. What is the woman going to do?A. Ask Tom to send an invitation.B. Invite Tom to the party.C. Get the Johnsons address.5. Whats
3、the man going to do?A. Run to the train station.B. Try to catch the next bus.C. Wait for another bus.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第68小题。6. Why is the man surprised?A. The artic
4、les he wants to borrow is sold out.B. The articles he wants to borrow are checked out.C. No one likes to read the articles on archaeology of Egypt.7. Are there other students waiting there?A. No, there is only one.B. Yes, there is another boy waiting there.C. Yes, there is a girl waiting there.8. Wh
5、at was the womans suggestion?A. The man had to wait till the next day.B. The woman will help him.C. The man should borrow some from others.听第7段材料，回答第911小题。9. What does the woman want to buy?A. A sweater. B. A T-shirt. C. A shirt.10. How much is the first one the man showed her?A. 40 B. 30 C. 17.66 1
6、1. Which one does the woman take?A. The cheaper one. B. The expensive one. C. None.听第8段材料，回答第1214小题。12. When does this conversation happen?A. In the morning. B. At lunch time. C. In the afternoon.13. Who is the man speaking to?A. A doctor. B. A manager. C. An assistant.14. Whats the mans problem?A.
7、Something is stuck in his ear.B. His ears are ringing.C. Hes in serious pain.听第9段材料，回答第1517小题。15. At what time can the woman get to Paris if she takes the early plane?A. At 9:00. B. About 10:00. C. At 12:0016. How long does the journey to Paris take?A. An hour. B. Ten minutes. C. An hour and ten min
8、utes.17. How much does it cost the woman to book five tickets ?A. $236. B. $59. C.$295.听第10段材料，回答第1820小题18. Why did his parents buy John a computer?A. He won a silver medal in 200 meter race.B. He won a silver medal in 800 meter race.C. He won a silver medal in 400 meter race.19. What would happen w
9、hen John was late for the school bus?A. He would quickly run to school.B. He would stay away from school for the day.C. He would be late for school.20. Why do you think John was happy in the end?A. His mother showed him her love and respect for him.B. His mother helped to save his face.C. He could s
10、till watch TV late at night.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C, D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 ABelow are some of the best exhibitions at UK museums，galleries and historic houses.20 Years Of TreasureOxfordshire MuseumObjects range from clay pipes and pots to gold coins and Eliz
11、abethan rings all contributing to a deeper understanding of the areas history. Recent acquisitions such as a beautifully decorated pair of Roman calipers(卡尺)are on display for the first time. Many items are now part of the countys permanent collections, but there is also the opportunity to view disc
12、overies that were recorded and returned to their finders.Opening times：TueSat，10 a. m. 5 p. m. Sun，2 p. m. 5 p. m.A History of FashionFashion MuseumThis display features the items that have shaped the way Britons have dressed over the last 500 years. Among them is a womans waistcoat dating back to t
13、he time of Shakespeare, a selection of silk robes that would have been desired by the upper-class people of Georgian society, a New Look suit worn in the 1920s by the ballet dancer Margot Fonteyn and a 21st century bodycon Galaxy dress.Opening times：Daily，10：30 a. m. 5 p. m.Another IndiaMuseum of Ar
14、chaeology and AnthropologyMarking the 70th anniversary of Indias independence from Britain，another India looks at the story of the countrys Indigenous and Adivasi people using a rich collection of artifacts. Never-before-seen objects from the museums collection are on display, together with several
15、recently acquired works, including a number of newly created pieces by contemporary Adivasi sculptors.Opening times：TueSat，10：30 a. m. 4：30 P. m. Sun，l 2 noon4：30 p. m.Art since 911IWM LondonOn display are 50 works of art including film，sculpture，painting，installations，photography and prints，bringin
16、g together the varying perspectives of more than 40 artists. Many exhibits are being shown in the UK for the first time. The exhibition is organized into four themes，exploring 911 itself，the resultant argument over state security，our relationship with weapons and other tools of war，and the damage ca
17、used to people and the environment.Opening times：Daily，10 a. m. 6 p. m.1. What can we 1earn about the exhibits in Oxfordshire Museum?A. They all belong to the museum.B. They came from royal families.C. Some of them have never been on show before.D. Some of them were donated by other countries.2. Wha
18、t does the fashion display reflect?A. The differences in dressing among Britons.B. The changes in Britons way of dressing.C. The way of Britons shaping their lives.D. The history of Britons making clothes.3. Which of t he exhibitions explores the theme of war?A. Art since 911.B. A History of Fashion
19、.C. Another India.D. 20 Years of Treasure.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A【解析】本文是一则广告。文章介绍了英国博物馆、画廊和历史建筑的一些最好的展览。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据20 Years Of TreasureOxfordshire Museum中Recent acquisitions such as a beautifully decorated pair of Roman calipers(卡尺)are on display for the first time. Many items are now part of the coun
20、tys permanent collections, but there is also the opportunity to view discoveries that were recorded and returned to their finders.可知，我们能从Oxfordshire Museum的展品中了解到他们中的一些以前从未展览过。故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据A History of FashionFashion Museum中This display features the items that have shaped the way Britons have d
21、ressed over the last 500 years.可知，时尚展览反映了英国人穿衣方式的变化。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Art since 911IWM London中-exploring 911 itself，the resultant argument over state security，our relationship with weapons and other tools of war可知，展览中的Art since 911探讨了战争的主题。故选A。BLaura Sides was a psychology major at the University of
22、 Nottingham in 2004. She first noticed signs of her dads developing dementia(痴呆) when she moved to Nottingham. She said, Dad was a doctor, so he knew exactly what had happened to him, but people try to hide it when they are ill. Then, I came home for my 21st birthday and arranged to meet him, but he
23、 never showed up as hed forgotten. Thats when I knew something serious had happened.So, aged 21, she decided to leave university and look after him herself. She lived close by, popping in every day to make sure he was eating, and that the house was tidy, before heading off to her work.Besides challe
24、nging moments, there was a time when looking after her dad was a pure joy. Wed wake up, Id ask what he wanted to do that day, and however ridiculous the adventure is, off wed go.Sadly in 2009, 5 years later, Laura lost her father. Before he died, Laura went to a hospital appointment with him, where
25、doctors mentioned that his form of Alzheimers disease was genetic meaning there was a fifty-fifty chance that she had inherited it. For several years Laura agonised over whether to be tested, finally finding out in August 2017 that she has the APP gene, meaning that, like him, she will develop the c
26、ondition within a decade.At first, she struggled, feeling as if her life lacked purpose. Then, during a sleepless night in the summer of 2018, she decided at around 2 a.m. to enter the 2019 London Marathon sponsored by the charities Alzheimers Society and Alzheimers Research UK.She hoped to start th
27、e conversation around early-onset Alzheimers disease and to encourage people to talk about it more openly. I remember when Dad was ill, people wouldnt know how to react, but I want to be honest and open, she added. The more information we can get, the less of a taboo(忌讳) we will feel. That said, the
28、 support Ive received so far after going public has been amazing thats what is carrying me through.4. Laura noticed her fathers dementia when .A. her father told her his condition in personB. people nearby informed her of his fathers conditionC. her father forgot his own birthday partyD. her father
29、forgot to attend her 21-year-old birthday party5. The underlined word agonised in Paragraph 4 probably means .A. excitedB. struggledC. shockedD. delighted6. Laura started the open talk in the hope of .A. getting people to talk about Alzheimers disease openlyB. earning some money to help treat her Al
30、zheimers diseaseC. making herself stronger to fight against Alzheimers diseaseD. raising funds for charities Alzheimers Society and Alzheimers disease Research UK7. Which words can best describe Laura?A. Caring and positive.B. Careful and honest.C. Patient and cautious.D. Devoted and modest.【答案】4. D
31、 5. B 6. A 7. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。Laura Sides在读大学期间，父亲患上了阿尔茨海默病，她离开学校照料父亲直到他去世；后来她得知自己在十年内也会患上同样的病。她挣扎之后便振作了起来，决定参加马拉松比赛，并且进行阿尔茨海默病方面的对话，鼓励人们更加公开地谈论这种病。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后两句“Then, I came home for my 21st birthdayThats when I knew something serious had happened”可知，Laura的父亲忘记参加女儿的21岁生日会，在那时Laura意识到父亲已
32、患病。故选D。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文中的“there was a fifty-fifty chance that she had inherited it”可知，医生告知Laura，她有百分之五十患病的概率，并结合画线词所在句中的“whether to be tested”可推知，此处表示Laura几年来苦苦思索是否去检查一下，与B项词义接近。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词open talk定位到文章的最后一段。根据该段首句“She hoped to start the conversation around early-onset Alzheimers dise
33、ase and to encourage people to talk about it more openly”可知，作者公开谈论阿尔茨海默病是为了鼓励人们公开谈论此病，故答案是A。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文内容可知， Laura在得知父亲患阿尔茨海默病后离开学校照料他直至他去世，后来得知自己也会得阿尔茨海默病，挣扎后便振作起来，先是决定参加马拉松比赛，接着围绕这种病进行对话，鼓励人们更加公开地谈论它。由此可推知，作者是一个关心他人又积极向上的人。故选A。【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的
34、位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题2要求猜测出agonised的含义，就是根据上文中的“there was a fifty-fifty chance that she had inherited it”可知，医生告知Laura，她有百分之五十患病的概率，并结合画线词所在句中的“whether to be tested”可推知，此处表示Laura几年来苦苦思索是否去检查一下，与B项词义接近，从而推测出agonised之意。CFor as long as weve known about it, humans have searched f
35、or a cure for cancer. Across the world, countless amounts of time and money have been spent on researching a way to stop this terrible disease. But now, it seems like the answer could have been inside our own bodies the whole time.Recently, the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) in the US, a governme
36、nt agency thats responsible for healthcare, approved a new form of gene therapy(疗法) that could mean the end of a certain type of cancer.The therapy allows scientists to “train” the immune(有免疫力的) cells of sick patients to fight leukemia(白血病) a form of blood cancer that mostly affects young people.The
37、 exciting new treatment works by removing healthy immune cells from the patient, known as T-cells, which are then changed to be able to “hunt down” cancer cells.The cells are then put back into the patient before they begin to get rid of the patients leukemia over time, similar to how the body fight
38、s off other illnesses.“This is truly an exciting new day for cancer patients,” Louis J. DeGennaro, president of the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, said in a news release.Up until now, a long and painful marrow transplant(骨髓移植) was the only option for many leukemia patients.In this procedure, healthy
39、 blood cells are taken from a donator and placed into the sick patient, who also has to go through chemotherapy (化疗) to allow their body to adjust to the new cells.But with a recovery rate of around 83% according to a news release published by the FDA its hoped that the days of painful trips to the
40、hospital, or even death, are over for leukemia sufferers.“Were entering a new frontier in medical innovation(创新) with the ability to reprogram a patients own cells to attack a deadly cancer,” FDA representative Scott Gottlieb said in the release. “New technologies such as gene and cell therapies hol
41、d the potential to transform medicine and our ability to treat and even cure many incurable illnesses.”8. What is the authors main purpose in writing the passage?A. To compare different ways of curing leukemia.B. To report on a breakthrough in cancer treatment.C. To explore the potential of gene and
42、 cell therapies.D. To show scientists efforts in search of a cure for cancer.9. How does the new treatment to fight leukemia work?A. By using changed T-cells to destroy cancer cells.B. By replacing sick blood cells with healthy ones.C. By removing sick blood cells during marrow transplant.D. By usin
43、g chemotherapy to improve the patients immune system.10. What can be inferred about the new therapy for leukemia sufferers?A. It can save them many more trips to the hospital.B. It can improve their ability to fight off all kinds of cancer.C. It can give them a better chance of survival and recovery
44、.D. It can reduce their pain in the process of marrow transplant.11. What is Scott Gottliebs attitude toward gene and cell therapies?A. Doubtful.B. Optimistic.C. Worried.D. Casual.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章介绍了医学领域的一项重大进步。美国食品药品监督管理局批准了一项新的基因疗法通过“训练”患者有免疫力的细胞去杀死癌细胞。实验已经证明这一疗法相当有效，
45、并且前景光明。【8题详解】推理判断题。通览全文可知，文章介绍了医学领域的一项重大进步。美国食品药品监督管理局批准了一项新的基因疗法通过“训练”患者有免疫力的细胞去杀死癌细胞。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是要报导一项癌症治疗领域的新突破。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段The therapy allows scientists to “train” the immune(有免疫力的)cells of sick patients to fight leukemia(白血病) a form of blood cancer that mostly affects young people.一
46、句可知，新的基因疗法是通过“训练”患者有免疫力的细胞去杀死癌细胞。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段its hoped that the days of painful trips to the hospital, or even death, are over for leukemia sufferers.一句可知，由于这项新疗法，白血病患者有望战胜癌症，从病痛折磨中恢复，并活下来。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句New technologies such as gene and cell therapies hold the potential to tra
47、nsform medicine and our ability to treat and even cure many incurable illnesses.可知，Scott Gottlieb认为基因和细胞疗法有望让我们治疗甚至治愈一些难以治疗的疾病。因此Scott Gottlie对于基因和细胞疗法持乐观态度。故选B。【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词
48、语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。以本文第四小题为例，根据文章最后一句New technologies such as gene and cell therapies hold the potential to transform medicine and our ability to treat and even cure many incurable illnesses.可知，Scott Gottlieb认为基因和细胞疗法有望让我们治疗甚至治愈一些难以治疗的疾病。因此Scott Gottlie对于基因和细胞疗法持乐观态度。故选B。DRobots are
49、now being employed not just for dangerous tasks, such as discovering mines or rescuing people in disasters. They are also finding application as household helps and as nursing assistants. As increasing numbers of machines, equipped with the latest artificial intelligence, take on a growing variety o
50、f specialized and everyday tasks, the question of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more urgent.A team led by Sari Nijssen of Radboud University and Markus Paulus, Professor of Developmental Psychology at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU),have carried out a study to determ
51、ine the degree to which people show concern for robots and behave towards them based on moral principles.According to Sari Nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question:” Under what circumstances would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives?” The participants were fa
52、ced with a hypothetical (假设的) moral dilemma: Would they be prepared to put a single person at risk in order to save a group of injured persons? In the situations presented the intended victim was either a human, a humanoid robot that had been humanized (人性化的) to various degrees or a robot that was c
53、learly recognizable as a machine.The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized, the less likely participants were to sacrifice it. Situations that included vivid stories in which the robot was described as a merciful being or as a creature with its own understandings, experiences and tho
54、ughts, were more likely to stop the study participants from sacrificing it in the interests of anonymous (无名的) humans.“This result indicates that our study group attached a certain moral status to the robot,” says Paulus. “One possible suggestion of this finding is that attempts to humanize robots s
55、hould not go too far. Such efforts could come into conflict with their intended functionto be of help to us.”12. What has become a concern about robots?A. How to humanize them.B. How to treat them in life.C. How to use them effectively.D. How to find more applications.13. In the study the participan
56、ts probably have to decide _.A. when to sacrifice a robotB. where to experience risksC. which robot to work withD. what robots should be like14. What can be inferred from Paulus words?A. Humanized robots offer less help to people.B. Humanizing robots too much may be improper.C. Certain moral status
57、should be attached to robots.D. Conflicts often happen between humans and robots.15 Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Robots, A Must for FutureB. Humanized Robots, A New TrendC. Robot Saved, People Take the HitD. Humanized Robots, Replace Human【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C
58、【解析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要叙述了随着越来越多的机器人具有人性化，它们承担越来越多样化的专业和日常任务，人们如何看待他们，如何对待他们的问题变的迫在眉睫。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段As increasing numbers of machines, equipped with the latest artificial intelligence, take on a growing variety of specialized and everyday tasks, the question of how people see them and behave tow
59、ards them becomes ever more urgent.可知，随着越来越多的机器装备了最新的人工智能，承担着越来越多的专业和日常任务，人们如何看待它们以及如何对待它们的问题变得越来越紧迫。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段According to Sari Nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question:” Under what circumstances would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives?”可知，在这
60、项研究中，参与者可能必须决定何时牺牲机器人。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This result indicates that our study group attached a certain moral status to the robot,” says Paulus. “One possible suggestion of this finding is that attempts to humanize robots should not go too far. Such efforts could come into conflict with their
61、intended functionto be of help to us.”可知，Paulus认为让机器人人性化的尝试不应该走得太远，可以推断出，Paulus认为过多地人性化机器人可能是不合适的。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized, the less likely participants were to sacrifice it.及全文内容可知，文章主要叙述了随着越来越多的机器人具有人性化，参与者就可能越不会牺牲机器人。因此标题“机器人被拯救，人类就会承受打击”最切
62、题，故选C。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyone complains.Even if you argue that you are the happiest person in the world, you still complain sometimes. Sometimes you complain without even realizing it, but rarely is it ever helpful._16_ Here are some tips to stop
63、complaining and give up the negative thoughts._17_When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone, stop and force yourself to say something positive instead.Seek the help of a cheerful friend to change you when you complain and help you to see the positive in
64、the situation.Make a list of things you are grateful for.You often complain about the things you dont have without noticing those things you already have.Be grateful for what you have in your life because you are lucky simply for being yourselves._18_Learn to adapt to the changes.There are many thin
65、gs you cant change._19_Always find the positive side of each situation, regardless of however difficult the situation is.With parents and friends support, you can survive any life changes.Allow yourself to vent(发泄) your feelings every once in a while.Constantly ignoring negative thoughts could add u
66、p.If you are really going through a rough time, dont be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or family member or see a therapist.Find what makes you happy._20_Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on the another job or career.Uncover what your biggest complaints are about a
67、nd see if you can change the situation to make you happy. Choose happiness, focus on the positive, and be kind always!A. Change the way you think.B. Make friends with positive people.C. The best and only thing you can do is to accept them.D. Are you constantly complaining about your present job?E. S
68、ometimes this list can be easy, full of hobbies you enjoy.F. So how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining?G. Set down things you are thankful for and youll see that you dont have any reason to complain.【答案】16. F 17. A 18. G 19. C 20. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。每个人都抱怨。即使你认为自己是世界上最幸福的人，你也会偶尔抱怨。有时你甚至
69、没有意识到你在抱怨，但抱怨很少有帮助。文章主要提出了一些停止抱怨和放弃消极想法的建议。【16题详解】根据上文Sometimes you complain without even realizing it, but rarely is it ever helpful.(有时你甚至没有意识到你在抱怨，但抱怨很少有帮助)以及后文Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts.(这里有一些停止抱怨和放弃消极想法的建议)由此可知，本句承上启下，上文提到抱怨没有帮助，那么本句应当是启示下文，该如何迫使自己停
70、止抱怨呢。后文对此提出了一些建议。故F选项“那么，你们怎样才能强迫自己停止抱怨呢？”符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】本空为本段小标题，根据本段内容When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone, stop and force yourself to say something positive instead. Seek the help of a cheerful friend to change you when you complain and help you
71、 to see the positive in the situation.可知当你发现自己对某事或某人有消极的想法或评论时，停下来，强迫自己说一些积极的东西来代替。当你抱怨的时候，寻求一个快乐的朋友的帮助来改变你，帮助你看到积极的情况。由此可知，本段主要讲的是改变思维方式来停止抱怨，故A选项“改变你的思维方式”符合小标题，故选A。【18题详解】根据本段小标题Make a list of things you are grateful for.(把你感激的事情列一个清单)以及上文You often complain about the things you dont have without
72、noticing those things you already have. Be grateful for what you have in your life because you are lucky simply for being yourselves.(你经常抱怨你没有的东西，却没有注意到你已经拥有的东西。感激你生命中所拥有的，因为你很幸运，只是因为你是你自己)由此可知，本段主要是说明通过把感激的事情写下来的方式，停止抱怨。故G选项“把你感激的事情写下来，你会发现你没有任何理由去抱怨”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据上文There are many things you ca
73、nt change. (有很多事情你无法改变)以及后文Always find the positive side of each situation, regardless of however difficult the situation is. With parents and friends support, you can survive any life changes. (无论情况有多困难，都要看到事情积极的一面。有了父母和朋友的支持，你可以在任何生活变化中生存下来)由此可推知，在不能改变的情况下，接受并适应改变才是上策，与本段标题Learn to adapt to the ch
74、anges.(学会适应变化)呼应，故C选项“你能做的最好的也是唯一的事情就是接受他们”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据后文Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on the another job or career.可知也许是时候做出艰难的决定，换一份工作或职业了。由此可知，本句说明的是经常抱怨现在的工作。故D选项“你经常抱怨你现在的工作吗？”符合语境，故选D。第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节,满分45分) 第一节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和
75、 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。I was born legally blind. Of all the stories of my early childhood，the one about a_21_is my mothers favorite.I was only two when the_22_occurred. We had just arrived home from a trip. Mom lifted me out of the car and _23_to speak to the driver. I took advantage of
76、 my brief_24_to dash across the lawn(草坪)-and hit a large maple tree！I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and_25_on my backside. Mom_26_me to start crying，but I just sat there for a minute. Then I_27_myself up and kept right on going. Mom always_28_here that，as many times as I_29_across
77、 the lawn after that，I never again_30_into that tree.Mom loves to use this story as an_31_. It reminds her that children dont enter life_32_to take risks or unwilling to_33_again when they fall down. She never wanted me to lose that_34_as I grew older. When I_35_my major life decisions，I was still t
78、hat little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn. I studied abroad and later moved away from my parents home to look for a_36_, Through years of_37_, I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high-need students.We are almost certain to get_38_at some point during the process of achievi
79、ng our goal. When that happens，dont sit in the grass and_39_.Just get up and keep on going It will all be worth it_40_.21. A. tripB. raceC. treeD. driver22. A. incidentB. changeC. illnessD. problem23. A. fearedB. refusedC. forgotD. turned24. A. delayB. absenceC. freedomD. rest25. A. landedB. sleptC.
80、 laughedD. wept26. A. promisedB. encouragedC. allowedD. expected27. A. wokeB. pickedC. warmedD. gave28. A. addsB. repliesC. admitsD. supposes29. A. droveB. livedC. stoodD. zoomed30. A. crashedB. brokeC. climbedD. looked31. A. answerB. exampleC. excuseD. order32. A. ableB. ashamedC. afraidD. anxious3
81、3. A. askB. shareC. learnD. try34. A. honestyB. toughnessC. kindnessD. curiosity35. A. regrettedB. reviewedC. madeD. explained36. A. jobB. friendC. fortuneD. house37. A. memoriesB. effortsC. researchD. experience38. A. mixed upB. fed upC. knocked downD. settled down39. A. playB. relaxC. dreamD. cry4
82、0. A. all at onceB. in the endC. in either caseD. as a result【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者两岁时趁母亲不注意，在草坪上快速跑过时撞到了一棵树，作者没有哭，只是坐了一分钟然后自己站起来继续前进。这个故事也激励着作者一直保持韧性，最终通过努力成为了一位老师。作者想要告诉我们，在实现目标的过程
83、中，我们几乎肯定会在某个时刻被打倒，但是只要不放弃最后都会是值得的。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我童年早期的所有故事中，关于一棵树的故事是我母亲最喜欢的。A. trip旅行；B. race赛事；C. tree树木；D. driver司机。结合后文讲述作者小时候撞到一颗枫树的故事，可推知母亲最喜欢讲述的故事是关于这棵树的。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次事件出现时我只有两岁。A. incident事件；B. change改变；C. illness疾病；D. problem问题。结合下文讲述故事的经过可知此处是指事情发生在作者两岁时。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义
84、辨析。句意：妈妈把我抱出车外，转过身去和司机说话。A. feared害怕；B. refused拒绝；C. forgot忘记；D. turned转向。结合后文to speak to the driver可知作者的妈妈转过身去和司机说话，没有注意到作者。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我利用短暂的自由冲过草坪，撞到了一棵大枫树！A. delay延迟；B. absence缺席；C. freedom自由；D. rest休息。结合上文作者的母亲在和司机说话，没有注意到作者，因此作者利用母亲不注意的短暂自由，撞到了一棵大枫树。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑得太快了，撞在树
85、干上，仰面着地。A. landed降落；着陆；B. slept睡觉；C. laughed大笑；D. wept哭泣。结合后文on my backside作者撞到了树干，仰面着地。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈预计我要哭了，但我只是在那里坐了一分钟。A. promised承诺；B. encouraged鼓励；C. allowed允许；D. expected期待；预料。结合后文me to start crying可知母亲预料作者会哭。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我自己站了起来，继续前进。A. woke唤醒；B. picked挑选；C. warmed温暖；D.
86、 gave给予。结合后文myself up and kept right on going可知作者重站起来，继续前进。短语pick oneself up“跌倒后起来；振作精神”。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈总是在这里补充说，在那之后，尽管我快速冲过草坪很多次，我再也没有撞到那棵树。A. adds添加；补充；B. replies回复；C. admits承认；D. supposes认为。结合后文的叙述可知，母亲是在对之后发生的事情进行补充。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我快速冲过草坪很多次，我再也没有撞到那棵树。A. drove驾驶；B. lived居住；
87、C. stood站立；D. zoomed疾行。结合上文to dash across the lawn-and hit a large maple tree！可知此处指后来作者快速冲过草坪很多次。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我快速冲过草坪很多次，我再也没有撞到那棵树。A. crashed碰撞；坠落；B. broke打破；C. climbed攀爬；D. looked看着。结合后文into that tree可知是虽然后来也穿过草坪很多次，但作者再也没有撞上那棵树。短语crash into“撞上”。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈喜欢用这个故事作为例子。A.
88、answer答案；B. example例子；C. excuse借口；D. order命令。结合第一段中提到的作者妈妈总是爱讲这棵树的故事，可知妈妈是将这棵树的故事作为提醒自己的一个例子。故选B。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提醒她，孩子进入生活时，不会害怕冒险，也不会在跌倒时不愿再尝试。A. able能干的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. afraid害怕的；D. anxious焦急的。结合上文作者趁着妈妈不注意快速冲过草坪可知，孩子们并不害怕冒险。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它提醒她，孩子进入生活时，不会害怕冒险，也不会在跌倒时不愿再尝试。A. ask询问；B
89、. share分享；C. learn学会；D. try尝试。结合上文作者在撞到树后，只是坐了一分钟又自己站起来继续前进，可知孩子在跌倒时不会不愿意再次尝试。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不希望我长大后失去那种韧性。A. honesty诚实；B. toughness坚韧；C. kindness善良；D. curiosity好奇心。这种遇到挫折还继续前进的精神是一种韧性。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我做出人生重大决定时，我还是那个全速跑过草坪的小女孩。A. regretted遗憾；B. reviewed复习；C. made做；D. explained解释。结合
90、后文my major life decisions可知是做人生的重大决定。短语make a decision“做决定”。故选C。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我出国留学，后来离开父母的家去找工作。A. job工作；B. friend朋友；C. fortune财富；D. house房子。结合后文作者成为了老师可知是离开父母的家去找工作。故选A。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的努力，我已经成为了一名受人尊敬的老师。A. memories记忆；B. efforts努力；C. research研究；D. experience经历。结合第一段可知作者看不见，因此付出了许多年的努力
91、才成为一名老师。故选B。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在实现目标的过程中，我们几乎肯定会在某个时刻被打倒。A. mixed up混合；B. fed up养壮；C. knocked down撞倒；D. settled down定居；解决。此处作者作出总结，人生总会有遇到像撞到树上那样，被打倒的时刻。故选C。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这种情况发生时，不要坐在草地上哭泣。A. play玩耍；B. relax放松；C. dream梦想；D. cry哭泣。结合后文Just get up and keep on going可知作者认为当遇到不如意的时候，不要坐在草地上哭泣，而是应该站
92、起来继续前进。故选D。【40题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：到最后一切都会是值得的。A. all at once突然；B. in the end最后；C. in either case不论发生何种情况；D. as a result结果。结合作者的人生经历可知，遇到挫折只要不放弃继续前行，最后一切都会是值得的。故选B。第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China has been selected to host the World Skills Competition in Shanghai in 2021,
93、 an event it hopes to us for building a stronger team of skilled workers nationwide and to improve international _41_(exchange) in technical skills. Hosting the event will help guide the whole society _42_(respect) the spirit of skilled workmanship. It will also help create _43_ social atmosphere of
94、 respecting labor and admiring skill. China has 165 million skilled workers, including 47.9 million who are classed as highly skilled. They were first classified by the government in 2003. They _44_(include) as one of the major State-level talent groups along with theoretical scientists in 2015, _45
95、_(mark) a significant rise in their social status.Chinas _46_(early) modern skills training can date back to the Qing Dynasty. It was in 1866 _47_ the Foochow Shipbuilding Institution in Fujian province was established. In 1978, the adoption of the reform ad opening-up policy highlighted a shortage
96、of _48_(talent) technicians. As a result, the number of students at technical institutes rose sharply. More recently, technical education _49_(receive) greater support from the central government to help shape the nations producing power. Every year, more than 100 million people have access _50_ tec
97、hnical education and training.【答案】41. exchanges 42. to respect 43. a 44. were included 45. marking 46. earliest 47. that 48. talented 49. has received 50. to【解析】这是一篇说明文。2021年，世界技能大赛将在上海举行。这场大赛有望帮助我们组建全国范围内更厉害的技术工人团队，并促进国际间技术能力的交流。还可以引导整个社会对高级技工的尊敬。2003年，中国认证了高级技工，并在2015年将其与理论科学家一起作为国家级水平的人才。并讲述了中国技术
98、人才培养的历史。【41题详解】考查名词的数。句意：这场活动有望帮助我们组建全国范围内更厉害的技术工人团队，并促进国际间技术能力的交流。International exchange前没有不定冠词修饰，exchange又是可数名词，所以空格处用复数形式。故填exchanges。【42题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：主办这场活动将会帮助引导整个社会去尊重熟练的工艺。“guide sb. to do sth”意为指导某人做某事。“to do”作目的状语。故填to respect。【43题详解】考查冠词。“social atmosphere（社会氛围）”这个名词短语中atmosphere用的是单数，且在文
99、中第一次出现。故填a。【44题详解】考查被动语态。句意：2015年，与理论科学家一起，他们（高级技工）被包含在内，被认定是国家级人才的一种，使得他们的社会地位有了很大提升。他们是被包含在内，时态是一般过去时（2015年），故填were included。【45题详解】考查现在分词。句意：2015年，与理论科学家一起，他们（高级技工）被包含在内，被认定是国家级人才的一种，使得他们的社会地位有了很大提升。现在分词做伴随状语，表示同时的意思。故填making。【46题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：中国最早的现代技能培训可以追溯到清代。故填earliest。【47题详解】考查强调句。句意：福建省的福建
100、船政学堂建立的时间是1866年。强调句的基本格式为：“It is (was)that”。故填that。【48题详解】考查形容词。句意：1978年，改革开放政策实施后使得有才能技师的短缺问题更加明显。“talent（才能）”的形容词形式为“talented”。故填talented。【49题详解】考查现在完成时。由句中的recently可以确定这句话时态为现在完成时。主语technical education（技术教育）是第三人称单数。故填has received。【50题详解】考查介词。句意：每年，超过1亿的人接受技术教育和培训。“access to”为固定搭配，意为“去的通路，使用的机会（权利
101、）”。故填to。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。In order to reduce our pressure of learning, on March 28, ou
102、r school organized all the Senior 3 student to go hiking through the mountain outside the city. At 6 am, all of us have set off. At first, we felt very exciting and confident. After several hours, therefore, some of us were tired and discouraged. When deal with this problem, we inspired and supporte
103、d each other. Final, at 12:30 pm, all the participants arrived at the top of the mountain, that we had lunch and took pictures to mark this activity. At 8:00 pm, we returned school. This activity impressed us a lot. They developed our determination to overcome difficulties, promoted our teamwork and
104、 build up our health.【答案】1. student students2. 删除have3. exciting excited4. therefore however5. deal dealing6.Final Finally7. that where8. return后加to9. They It10. build built【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了学校组织的一次缓解高三学生压力的远足活动及作者对这次活动的感受。【详解】1.考查名词复数。根据all the Senior 3 student可知，此处是全体高三学生，应该使用名词复数形式。故将student改为
105、students。2.考查时态。前面的At 6 am是指过去的时间，因此用一般过去时。故删除have。3.考查形容词。根据we felt可知，此处应用excited表示人的心理状态，exciting意为“令人激动的”，常修饰物。故将exciting改为excited。4.考查副词。根据文意，起初，作者一行人还非常兴奋，然而，走过几个小时后，他们感到疲倦了。前后句之间属于转折关系，不是因果关系。故将therefore改为however。5.考查非谓语动词。deal with与其逻辑主语we之间是主动关系，用现在分词作时间状语，所以deal 改成 dealing。6.考查副词。修饰整个句子，应使用
106、副词。故将Final改为Finally。7.考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，that we had lunch and took pictures to mark this activity.是非限制性定语从句，先行词是mountain，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应该用where引导该从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故将that应改为where。8.考查介词。固定短语 return to意为“回到”。故在school前面加上to。9.考查代词。联系上文This activity impressed us a lot.可知，此处代词代指上句提到的This activity，用单数it指代
107、。故将They改为It。10.考查时态。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，and连接三个并列的谓语，此处的build与前面的developed和promoted保持一致，应用动词过去式。故将build改为built。【点睛】短文改错的考查，整体上包括文章大意和整体时态，细节上考查对语法点的掌握。如最后一处错误，文章整体都是对过去事件的描述，应该用一般过去时。语法点比如第七处错误考查定语从句的关系词。定语从句的关系词的选择方法如下：首先找到先行词，判断是人还是物，接着把先行词代入到从句中，判断先行词在从句中作什么成分即可选出正确的关系词。如第7处错误，先行词是mountain，指物，且在从句中
108、作地点状语，所以应该用where。第二节 应用文写作（满分 25 分）52. 假定你是李华，你所在班级的交换生Peter正在进行一项关于垃圾分类的研究。他给你来信询问你们社区垃圾分类的实施情况，请给Peter回一封邮件，告诉他相关信息，邮件内容包括：1写邮件的目的；2垃圾分类的实施情况；3你对垃圾分类的看法。注意：1.词数100左右；2开头和结尾已为你写好，不记入总词数。参考词汇：垃圾分类garbage classificationDear Peter, _ Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Peter,How is everything going? In y
109、our last letter, you asked me about garbage classification in my community, so Im writing to tell you some details about it.The garbage classification activity was launched in our community last month. People are required to sort household garbage into four categories, each of which is supposed to b
110、e thrown into certain bins at certain times. Although people were confused with the demanding garbage classification at the beginning, they are much better at sorting garbage now with the help of a special app.Personally, Im in full support of garbage classification because it contributes to arousin
111、g peoples awareness of protecting the environment. Hopefully my information is of help to you.Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你所在班级的交换生Peter正在进行一项关于垃圾分类的研究。他给你来信询问你们社区垃圾分类的实施情况，请给Peter回一封邮件，告诉他相关信息，邮件内容包括：1写邮件的目的；2垃圾分类的实施情况；3你对垃圾分类的看法。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：garbage class
112、ification (垃圾分类)；details(细节)；be launched in(始于，启动于)；require to do sth.(要求做某事)；sort into(分类成)；household garbage(生活垃圾)；be supposed to(应该)；at the beginning(一开始)；with the help of(在的帮助下)；in full support of (非常支持)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般过去时和一般现在时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规
113、范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如：People are required to sort household garbage into four categories, each of which is supposed to be thrown into certain bins at certain times.运用非限制性定语从句；Although people were confused with the demanding garbage classification at the beginning, they are much better at sorting garbage now with the help of a special app.运用让步状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。