1、甘肃省兰炼一中（兰州市第五十八中学）2021届高三英语建标考试试题（含解析）第卷（共70分）第一部分： 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分 ）第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分 30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项，并把答案填写在答题卡上相应的位置。AAs the leaves start to change color and the autumn air turns fresh, sometimes nothing is more appealing than the attractions of a good book. Here are fo
2、ur top picks for the best books.The Most Fun We Ever HadBy Claire Lombardo DoubledayDavid and Marilyn have been married forever. Four kids and decades later, they are still as in love as the day they met. Lombardo Paints an extraordinary picture of a family in what could well be one of the best nove
3、ls published this year.The Shadow KingBy Maaza MengisteW.W .Norton & CompanyA historical novel that takes place in the 1930s Ethiopia, the Shadow king focuses on the female soldiers who take up arms in World War II . In beautiful prose(叙述)， Mengiste shines a light on those whose lives are not often
4、noticed.Someone We KnowBy Shari LapenaPamela Dorman BooksA quiet suburban town is shaken by a series of break-ins and a body that turns up in the trunk of a car in this latest psychological thriller by the author of The Couple Next Door. Here are the crimes related ? And what does the invader know?T
5、he Only Plane in the SkyBy Garrett M. GraffAvid Reader PressJournalist Graff put together an oral history of 9/11 from the perspective of nearly everyone involved.Every single line is breathtaking and heartbreaking, weaving together the history of previously- unimaginable and tragic events that chan
6、ged history.1. Which of the following published the book about family life?A. DoubledayB. W.W .Norton & CompanyC. Pamela Dorman BooksD. Avid Reader Press2. Who is the author of Thriller?A. Claire LombardoB. Maaza MengisteC. Shari LapenaD. Garrett M. Graff3. What is the book The Only Plane in the Sky
7、 about?A. An imaginary tragic Story.B. A historical novel about soldiers.C. A journalist involved in 9/11 event.D. A collection of true stories in 9/11.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D【解析】本文是一篇应用文，向我们推荐了四本值得一读的书，包括作者、出版社和主要内容。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据The Most Fun We Ever Had部分的Doubleday 及“Lombardo Paints an extraordinary pi
8、cture of a family in what could well be one of the best novels published this year.”（伦巴多在今年出版的最好的小说之一中描绘了一个家庭的非凡画面）可知，Doubleday出版了一本关于家庭生活的书The Most Fun We Ever Had，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Someone We Know部分的By Shari Lapena及“A quiet suburban town is shaken by a series of break-ins and a body that turns up
9、in the trunk of a car in this latest psychological thriller by the author of The Couple Next Door.”（在邻家夫妇的作者写的这部最新的心理惊悚小说中，一系列入室行窃和一具出现在一辆汽车后备箱中的尸体打破了一个郊区小镇的平静）可知，Shari Lapena写了一本惊悚小说，故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据The Only Plane in the Sky部分中的“Journalist Graff put together an oral history of 9/11 from the persp
10、ective of nearly everyone involved.”（记者格拉夫从几乎所有参与的人的角度整理了一段911事件的口述历史）可知，这本书是一部关于911事件的真实故事集，故选D。BAirports will soon add a new layer to their security procedures. Several airports in Europe will start giving lie detector tests to passengers. Special lie detector machines will use artificial intellig
11、ence to test travellers.The lie detector machines are backed by a European Union project called iBorderCtrl. The first machines will be at border checkpoints in Hungary, Greece and Latvia. Airports in these countries will carry out tests on the lie detector machines this month.Travelers from outside
12、 the EU countries will have to take the test. They will look into a webcam and answer questions from a computer-animated immigration official. The computer- produced animation will change to match the race and language of the traveler.A European Union spokesperson said the virtual border guard will
13、scan passengers faces and analyze their micro expressions. They will use these expressions to find out if the passenger might be lying.A human security guard will take over if the lie-detecting software detects a security risk. The procedure will firstly divide passengers into two types. Low-risk tr
14、avelers will be asked basic information in the lie-detection process while high-risk passengers will get more detailed questions. A psychology expert doubted if the system would work. He said, “If you ask people to lie, they will do it differently and show very different behavioral cues than if they
15、 truly lie.This is a known problem in psychology.”4. Where will you see this special lie detector machine?A At a border checkpoint in ItalyB. At Greece airportsC. In iBorderCtrl offices.D. In Hungary security department5. What does the underlined word “backed” mean in Paragraph 2.A. supportedB. prod
16、ucedC. TestedD. sold6. How does the lie detector machine work?A. By scanning passengers brain.B. By looking into a webcamC. By analyzing facial expressions.D. By distinguishing abnormal mood.7. Which word below can best describe the psychology experts attitude towards the lie detecting?A. indifferen
17、tB. supportiveC. opposedD. skeptical【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种特殊的测谎仪，首批测谎仪将在匈牙利、希腊和拉脱维亚的边境检查站安装。作者介绍了其工作原理以及人们对它的看法。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“The first machines will be at border checkpoints in Hungary, Greece and Latvia.(首批机器将在匈牙利、希腊和拉脱维亚的边境检查站安装)”可知，你会在希腊机场看到这种特殊的测谎仪。故选B。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划
18、线词后文“by a European Union project called iBorderCtrl”以及“The first machines will be at border checkpoints in Hungary, Greece and Latvia. Airports in these countries will carry out tests on the lie detector machines this month.(首批机器将在匈牙利、希腊和拉脱维亚的边境检查站安装。这些国家的机场本月将对测谎机进行测试)”可知，这种测谎仪得到了欧盟一个名为iBorderCtrl的
19、项目的支持。即划线词意思为“支持”。A. supported支持；B. produced产生；C. tested测试；D. sold出售。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“A European Union spokesperson said the virtual border guard will scan passengers faces and analyze their micro expressions. They will use these expressions to find out if the passenger might be lying.(一位欧盟发言人表
20、示，这位虚拟边境警卫将扫描乘客的面部，分析他们的微表情。他们会根据这些表情来判断乘客是否在说谎)”可知，测谎仪是通过分析面部表情工作的。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“A psychology expert doubted if the system would work.(一位心理学专家怀疑该系统是否有效)”可推知，这位心理学专家对测谎仪持怀疑态度。故选D。CThere is a lot of losing in sports. Only one team can win at a time, and only one champion escapes the season
21、without tears. But that doesnt stop Americans from spending nearly $56 billion a year on sporting events. Is fandom(运动迷) worth it?At first glance, the evidence isnt encouraging. Following a loss, fans are more likely than usual to eat unhealthy food, be unproductive at work, and in the case of the S
22、uper Bowl-die from heart disease. What about fans of the winning team? Well, they are more likely than other fans to suffer a postgame traffic fatality(死亡) if the score is close.Rival(竞争的) fanstreatment of one another is hardly more encouraging. A recent study found that fans experienced greater ple
23、asure when watching a rival team fail. Fans in another study reported schadenfreude, a feeling of satisfaction, when reading about the injury of a rival teams player, and gluckschmerz or unhappiness when later reading about the players unexpectedly speedy recovery.Yet a great deal of research shows
24、that being a fan can also have positive effects. It can prevent depression and build a sense of belonging and self-worth-in case that the object of ones devotion is a local team. Much of this is due to social bonds among fans, but not all- sports worship also provides fans with a number of skills at
25、 dealing with lifes emotional challenges. A landmark 1976 study found that after a win,fans were more likely than usual to wear clothes connected with the winning teams, and to claim credit for the teams success by describing the team as “we” instead of “they” in conversation.Along with schadenfreud
26、e and gluckschmerz, being a fan seems more than anything else to be a matter of managing responses to things that cannot control. Sports fans tend to respond to reminders of death with optimism, and to remember victories much more clearly than defeats.8. Which of the following statement is especiall
27、y true as for the winning sides fans?A. They might die from heart disease.B. They tend to live an unhealthy life.C. They can have good work efficiency.D. They might have a traffic accident.9. What does the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 3?A Rival fans usually hold bad or even extreme attitude
28、 to each other.B. Rival fans often fight with each other.C. Fans can face their rival team bravely.D. Fans never lose heart when facing their rival team.10. What did the 1976 study show?A. Being a fan could show great devotion to study.B. Being a fan could create a sense of belonging.C. Being a fan
29、could develop a spirit of optimism.D. Being a fan could test social bonds.11. What is the best title for the text?A. How to be a fanB. What its like to be fanC. Being a fan can be good for youD. A fans emotional challenges【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了美国的“运动迷”现象，以及成为“运动迷”对粉丝们自身的好处。【8题详解】
30、细节理解题。由文章的第二段倒数第二行“Well, they are more likely than other fans to suffer a postgame traffic fatality ” (他们比其他球迷更有可能遭遇赛后交通事故)得知，D “比起其他的球迷他们更可能会发生赛后交通事故”为正确选项。A. 他们可能死于心脏病。B. 他们倾向于过不健康的生活。A, B都是失败一方会发生的事情。(由第二段第二句可知)。C. 他们在工作上表现得更好，文中没有提及，故选D。【9题详解】词句猜测题。本题问划线句子的意思，从后面 “A recent study found that fans
31、experienced greater pleasure when watching a rival team fail. Fans in another study reported schadenfreude, a feeling of satisfaction, when reading about the injury of a rival teams player, and gluckschmerz or unhappiness when later reading about the players unexpectedly speedy recovery.” (最近的一项研究发现
32、，球迷在观看对手的失败时会感受到更大的快乐。在另一项研究中，球迷们报告说，当看到对手球员受伤时，他们会感到幸灾乐祸，当看到对手球员意外迅速康复时，他们会感到不快。)可知，对手球迷通常对彼此持有恶劣甚至极端的态度。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。文章第四段 “A landmark 1976 study found that after a win, fans were more likely than usual to wear clothes connected to the winning team, and to claim credit for the teams success by
33、 describing the team as “we” instead of “they” in conversation” (1976年一项具有里程碑意义的研究发现，粉丝们更可能穿获胜队的衣服，在和别人对话描述团队的成绩时用“我们” 而不是 “他们”，说明他们团队中找到了归属感，故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第一段最后一句 “Is fandom(运动迷) worth it?” (成为一个运动迷是否值得？) 文中接着描述了球迷们的心态。根据倒数第二段“Yet a great deal of research shows that being a fan can also have
34、positive effects. It can prevent depression and build a sense of belonging and self-worth”然而，大量研究表明，成为粉丝也会产生积极的影响。它可以防止抑郁，建立归属感和自我价值感。根据最后一段“Sports fans tend to respond to reminders of death with optimism, and to remember victories much more clearly than defeats.”体育迷们对死亡的回忆往往是乐观的，对胜利的记忆比失败的记忆要清楚得多。所
35、以短文的最佳标题为“当粉丝对你有好处”。故选C。DHalf decade ago, at the end of my first semester teaching at Wharton, my student Kevin stopped by for office hours. He sat down and burst into tears. My mind started cycling through a list of events that could make a college junior cry: His girlfriend had broken up with him;
36、 he had been accused of cheating in exams; he forgot to turn in papers before the deadline. “I just got my first A-minus(减),” he said with his voice shaking.Year after year, I watch in depression as students are crazy about getting straight As. Some sacrifice their health; a few have even tried to c
37、harge their school after falling short(倒挂). All hold the belief that top marks are a ticket to best graduate schools and rewarding job offers. I was one of them. I started college with the goal of graduating with a 4.0. It would be a reflection of my brainpower and willpower, showing that I had the
38、right stuff to succeed. But I was wrong.The evidence is clear: Academic excellence is not a strong predictor of career excellence. Across industries, research shows that the connection between grades and job performance is modest in the first year after college and unimportant within a handful of ye
39、ars. Take Microsoft for example, once employees are two or three years out of college, their grades have no bearing on their performance. (Of course, it must be said that if you got Ds, you probably didnt end up at Microsoft.)Academic grades rarely assess qualities like creativity, leadership and te
40、amwork skills, or social, emotional and political intelligence. Yes, straight A students master large amounts of information and reproduce it in exams. But career success is rarely about finding the right solution to a problemits more about finding the right problem to solve. This might explain why
41、Steve Jobs finished high school with a 2.65GPA, and Martin Luther King Jr. got only one A in his four years at Morehouse.12. Why did the student Kevin feel sad?A. He was caught cheating in exams.B. His girlfriend abandoned him.C. He didnt hand in his papers before headline.D. He failed to get straig
42、ht As.13. What did the author once believe?A. Marks didnt reflect willpower and brainpower.B. Top marks meant well-paid job offers.C. It was wrong to care too much about marks.D. Straight As dont bring creative performances.14. Why are the employees at Microsoft mentioned?A. To stress the company va
43、lues employees with top marks.B. To indicate academic performance is important.C. To show academic excellence isnt a strong predictor of career performance.D. To introduce successful example in the technology industry.15. What should people focus more on to succeed according to the passage?A. How to
44、 be a creative leader.B. What to do with detailed information.C. How to solve a problem.D. What problems to be solved.【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍很多学生热衷于考试得A，但是作者认为学习成绩优异并不能代表未来的成功，并说明了原因。作者最后指出事业上的成功并不在于找到解决问题的正确方法，更多的是找到需要解决的正确问题。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“I just got my first A minus, he
45、 said.(“我第一次得了A -”他说)”可知，Kevin因为没有得到A+而感到难过。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“All hold the belief that top marks are a ticket to best graduate schools and rewarding job offers. I was one of them. I started college with the goal of graduating with a 4.0. It would be a reflection of my brainpower and willpower,
46、 showing that I had the right stuff to succeed. But I was wrong. (所有人都相信，高分是进入精英研究生院和获得有价值的工作机会的门票。我就是其中之一。我开始大学生涯的目标是以4.0的GPA毕业。这将是我的智力和意志力的反映，表明我具备成功的必要条件。但我错了)”可知，作者曾经相信高分意味着高薪的工作机会。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The evidence is clear: Academic excellence is not a strong predictor of career excellence.
47、 Across industries, research shows that the connection between grades and job performance is modest in the first year after college and unimportant within a handful of years. Take Microsoft for example, once employees are two or three years out of college, their grades have no bearing on their perfo
48、rmance. (Of course, it must be said that if you got Ds, you probably didnt end up at Microsoft.) (证据很明显：学术成就并不是事业成就的有力预测因素。跨行业的研究表明，成绩和工作表现之间的联系在大学毕业后的第一年并不大，在几年内也不重要。以微软为例，一旦员工大学毕业两三年，他们的成绩对他们的表现没有任何影响当然，必须要说的是，如果你得了D，你可能就去不了微软了)”由此可推知，提到微软的员工是为了说明出色的学历并不是职业表现的强有力预测。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But car
49、eer success is rarely about finding the right solution to a problemits more about finding the right problem to solve. (但是事业上的成功并不在于找到解决问题的正确方法，而更多的是找到需要解决的正确问题)”可推知，要想成功，人们应该更多地专注要解决什么问题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If you live in a city where everyone rushes, yo
50、u should realize that you dont have to be like everyone else._16_Here are some tips to consider and perhaps to adopt, if they work for your life.Do lessCut back on your projects, on your task list, on how much you try to do each day. Focus not on quantity but on quality. Pick 2 or 3 important things
51、 or even just one important thing and work on those first._17_18_If youre constantly rushing to appointments or other places you have to be, its because you dont allot (分配) enough time in your schedule for preparing and for traveling. Arrange your schedule to allow time for this stuff. If you think
52、it only takes you 10 minutes to get ready for work or a date, perhaps give yourself 30 to 45 minutes so you dont have to shave in a rush or put on makeup in the car.Realize that if it doesnt get done, thats Ok._19_ I know thats a frustrating attitude for some of you who dont like laziness or living
53、without firm deadlines, but its also realityThe world likely wont end if you dont get that task done today. Your boss might get mad, but the company wont collapse and the life will go on.Practice mindfulness (正念减压法)Simply learn to live in the present, rather than thinking so much about the future or
54、 the past. When you eat, fully appreciate your food_20_ When youre walking, appreciate your surroundings, no matter where you are.A. Save smaller, routine tasks for later in the dayB. Walk instead of driving in rush hour traffic.C. Give yourself time to get ready and get there.D. You can be differen
55、t.E. Practice being comfortable with sitting, doing nothing.F. There is always tomorrow.G. When youre with someone, be with them fully.【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. F 20. G【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了怎样在匆忙城市生活中，给自己减压。16题详解】上文“If you live in a city where everyone rushes, you should realize that you dont have to be
56、like everyone else.(如果你生活在一个每个人都匆匆忙忙的城市，你应该意识到你不必像其他人一样)”说明，你不必像其他人一样，选项D“你可以与众不同”是对上文的概括总结。故选D项。【17题详解】上文“Pick 2 or 3 important things or even just one important thing and work on those first.(选择2到3件重要的事情或者只是一件重要的事情然后先做这些事情)”说明，为了减轻压力，先做较少的重要事情，选项A“把较小的日常工作留到当天晚些时候做”承接上文，是对上文的补充说明。故选A项。【18题详解】根据文章结
57、构，可知此处为文章小标题。整个段落，尤其第二句“Arrange your schedule to allow time for this stuff.(安排你的时间表，为这些事情留出时间)”说明，本段中心是预留充足的时间，完成某些事。选项C“给自己准备到达那里的时间”符合题意。故选C项。【19题详解】上文标题“Realize that if it doesnt get done, thats Ok.(要意识到如果它没有完成，那也没关系)”说明本段讲述，不要过于紧张，有些事情（今天）不完成也没关系，还有明天嘛！选项F“明天永远存在”，符合标题意义。下文中“The world likely won
58、t end if you dont get that task done today.(如果你今天不完成这项任务，世界可能不会灭亡)”等内容，是对选项F的进一步说明，语义密切相关。故选F项。【20题详解】上文“When you eat, fully appreciate your food.(当你吃东西的时候，充分欣赏你的食物)”和下文“When youre walking, appreciate your surroundings, no matter where you are.(当你走路的时候，欣赏你周围的环境，不管你在哪里)”都是说明要简简单单生活，要活在当下，不要瞻前顾后，选项G“当
59、你和某人在一起的时候，要全心全意地和他们在一起”和上下文是同类并列句型，语义逻辑一致。故选G项。第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）笫一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并把答案填写在答题卡上相应的位置。One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon,when he was planning to go ho
60、me, a_21_snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he _22_turned off the path._23_he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didnt have food, water, a phone, or other_24_. He was getting colder by the minute.Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to _25_ . He thought about all the
61、_26_shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the_27_he had learned to use.He decided to stop_28_. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed where he was. The first thing he did was to find_29_from the freezing wind and snow. If he didnt, his body temperature would get very
62、low, which could quickly kill him.Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow_30_. He_31_a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could. By that evening, Nicholas was really_32_. He ate snow and drank water from a
63、 nearby stream so that his body wouldnt lose too much_33_. Not knowing how much longer he could_34_, Nicholas did the only thing he could- he huddled in his cave and slept.The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldnt find anyone. He_35_his tracks and returned to the snow cave, be
64、cause_36_shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days_37_ in the snow, Nicholas was saved.Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm_38_TV. He had often watched Grylls survival sh
65、ow Man Vs. Wild. Thats_39_he learned the tips that saved his life. In each episode of Man Vs. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.When Grylls heard about Nicholas amazing deeds, he was super_40_that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicho
66、las had to work to stay alive.21. A. vividB. softC. fierceD. rude22. A. accidentallyB. seriouslyC. casuallyD. luckily23. A. BecauseB. BeforeC. SinceD. Although24. A. packagesB. goodsC. functionsD. supplies25. A. panicB. leaveC. calmD. reject26. A. performanceB. survivalC. skiingD. talk27. A. lipsB.
67、experiencesC. subjectsD. tips28. A. cryingB. runningC. thinkingD. skiing29. A. foodB. shelterC. hotelD. way30. A. nestB. caveC. shelfD. board31. A. builtB. madeC. gatheredD. picked32. A. annoyedB. angryC. sadD. hungry33. A. waterB. foodC. courageD. fat34. A. insistB. lastC. passD. take35. A. followe
68、dB. wentC. walkedD. brought36. A. withB. beyondC. withoutD. out37. A. struckB. hiddenC. stuckD. buried38. A. anything butB. but forC. except forD. all but39. A. whichB. whatC. whereD. how40. A. impressedB. admiredC. frustratedD. embarrassed【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. B 30
69、. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个青少年在暴风雪中迷路被困，然后想办法生存并等待救援的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下午当他正打算回家的时候，一场猛烈的暴风雪袭击了这片地区。A.vivid 生动的；B.soft柔软的； C.fierce猛烈的； D.rude 粗鲁的。此空在这里修饰名词snowstorm，根据下文“他看不清远处的路”，可知“暴风雪猛烈”。 故选C。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因为不能看得很远，所以他很意外地脱离了道路
70、。A.accidentally 意外的；B.seriously 严肃的；C.casually 随意 的；D.luckily幸运的。根据前面提到，“看不起远方”，所以应该是“无意识的走错了路”。故选A。【23题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：不知不觉，他迷路了。A.Because 因为；B.Before 以前；C.Since 自从；D.Although尽管。本句为before引导的时间状语从句。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有食物，水，电话，以及其他的供给。A.packages 包裹； B.goods 商品；C.functions 功能；D.supplies供给。根据“ He
71、didnt have food, water, a phone ”，可知作者是说他没有其他的供给。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他尽量保持不要恐慌。A.panic 恐慌； B.leave 离开；C.calm 镇静； D.reject 拒绝。根据下文，“他思考着一些看过的电视节目”可推测，他尽力让自己不要恐慌。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他考虑着曾经在电视上看过的生存的节目。A.performance表演；B.survival 幸存；C.skiing 滑雪；D.talk 谈话。根据下句话，“该是把所学到的技能运用出来的时候了”可知，现在需要的是“生存技能”，所以
72、看的是“生存节目”。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该是把所学到的技巧运用出来的时候了。A.lips 盖子； B.experiences 经历；C.subjects 主题； D.tips技巧。根据“He thought about all the6shows he had watched on ”可知，他曾经在电视节目上学过一技巧，现在是应用的时候了。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定停止滑雪。A.crying 哭；B.running 跑；C.thinking 思考；D.skiing滑雪。根据上文“ One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenage
73、r, went skiing ”以及下句提示“停在原地会有更大的被发现的机会”可知，他决定不滑雪而是停留在原地。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他做的第一件事就是找到躲避风雪的地方。A.food食物；B.shelter避难所；C.hotel 旅馆；D.way路。根据下句提示，“寒冷的风雪会把他冻死”可知，他要先找到“躲避风雪的地方。”故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他用他的滑雪板建了一个雪洞。A.nest巢；B.cave洞； C.shelf架子； D.board板子。根据下句中提到的hole可知，他建了一个“洞”，cave 是hole近义词。故选B。【31题详解】考
74、查动词词义辨析。句意：他收集了大量的雪，然后在中间挖出了一个洞。A.built 建；B.made制作； C.gathered 收集；D.picked挑选。根据“ dug out a hole in the middle.”可知，他需要先收集大量的雪，然后才能挖出洞来。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到晚上的时候，Nicholas 真的饿了。A.annoyed 恼怒的；B.angry生气的； C.sad 伤心的； D.hungry饥饿的。根据下句，“他吃了雪”可知，他是饿了。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他吃了雪，喝了从附近小溪打来的水以致于他的身体不会失去太多的水
75、分。A.water水； B.food食物； C.courage 勇气；D.fat脂肪。根据“He ate snow and drank water”可知，他给自己补充水分，是为了身体不会因缺水而昏迷。故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不知道还要坚持多久，他做着唯一能做的事情-蜷缩在洞里睡觉。Ainsist 坚持；B.last 持续；C.pass通过； D.take带走。根据上文，他要在此地等待救援，所以是不知道还要坚持着等多久。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他沿着他的足迹，回到了雪洞里。A.followed 沿着；B.went 去；C.walked 走；D.br
76、ought带来。follow ones tracks 为固定搭配，“沿着某人的足迹”，上文提到他出去找帮助，所以本句应该是沿着足迹回来。故选A。【36题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：因为如果没有这个避风地，他那天晚上可能就死了。A.with 带有；B.beyond超过； C.without 没有；D.out外面。他在这个洞里安全度过了一晚上，所以这里是“如果没有这个洞，他就死了”。故选C。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在被困在雪里两天后，Nicholas被救了。A.struck 击打；B.hidden藏； C.stuck困住； D.buried埋。根据上文，他在暴风雪中迷路了，所以是被
77、困在雪里。故选C。【38题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：要不是有电视，Nicholas可能不会在这次暴风雪中活下来。A.anything but 绝不；B.but for要不是； C.except for 除了；D.all but几乎，差一点。根据上文，他在被困时，想起了曾经在电视上看到的生存节目，并运用了从中学到的技巧，然后才得以被救。故选B。【39题详解】考查表语从句引导词辨析。句意：那是他学到这些救了他生命的那些技能的地方。A.which 哪一个；B.what什么； C.where 地方；D.how怎样。本句是表语从句，从句中少状语，根据句意可知，电视是她学到那些技巧的地方。故选C。【4
78、0题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当 Grylls听说了Nicholas的事迹时，他超级感动，Nicholas成功了，因为他比任何人都了解Nicholas为了活着付出了多少努力。A.impressed 感动；B.admired 钦佩；C.frustrated沮丧的； D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据“Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive. ”可知，当 Grylls听说了Nicholas的事迹时，他超级感动。故选A。【点睛】第卷（共5
79、0分）第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Duilian is traditional Chinese couplets(对联), also known as yinglian or duizi. According to the usage,it can be_41_(general) classified into Spring Festival couplets, wedding couplets, trade couplets, social couplets and entertaining or_42_(
80、humor) couplets. The traditional couplets vary greatly in _43_(long). The shortest one contains one or two characters, and the longest one contains several hundred characters, usually_44_(find) on ancient Chinese buildings. A couple must have the following features: _45_number of characters of one l
81、ine is equal to that of the other line and both lines have the same sense groups. A couplet writer may show his feelings_46_means of describing the scenery or express his wishes in his works. _47_he wants to convey, the writer is expected to be good at Chinese and summarization_48_(produce) a couple
82、t with a few characters that is excellent in both content and language. With the cultural exchange among different countries all over the world, Chinese couplets _49_(begin) to spread to Vietnam, Japan, and Singapore in the 20th century. As a result, the custom of putting up Spring Festival couplets
83、_50_(observe) in these countries at present as well.【答案】41. generally 42. humorous 43. length 44. found 45. The/the 46. by 47. Whatever 48. to produce 49. began 50. is observed【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关中国对联的一些习俗，包括种类以及使用场合等。因为受欢迎，对联还传到了国外。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：根据对联的用法，它大致可以分为春联、喜联、行业联、交际联和趣联。由设空前的can be和设空后的cl
84、assified可知，此空需填副词修饰谓语动词，故填generally。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：根据对联的用法，它大致可以分为春联、喜联、行业联、交际联和趣联。根据设空前的形容词entertaining(令人愉快的)可知，此空需要与其并列，所以应该用humor的形容词形式，故humorous。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：传统对联的长度差别很大。根据设空前的介词in提示其后应该用名词，组成短语in length(在长度上)，故填length。【44题详解】考查过去分词。句意：最短的包含一个或两个字，最长的有几百个字，通常出现在中国古建筑上。根据句子主语 the longest one确
85、定，此空中的find与之构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此空用其过去分词，表示被动，故填found。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：一副对联必须具备以下特征：一行的字数应与另一行的字数相等，两行意群相同。根据句意，一行的字数和另一行的相等可知，此空考查固定搭配the number of (的数字)，故填The。【46题详解】考查介词。句意：对联作者可以通过描写风景来表达自己的感情，也可以通过作品老表达自己的愿望。根据空后的means of提示可知，此空考查固定短语 by means of (通过)，故填by。【47题详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论想要表达什么，作者都需要精通汉语和总结，用几个字写出一副内
86、容和语言都很好的对联。根据句子结构可知，此处需要从句引导词，根据句意，不论他想传递什么，应使用whatever引导，故填Whatever。【48题详解】考查不定式。句意：无论想要表达什么，作者都需要精通汉语和总结，用几个字写出一副内容和语言都很好的对联。根据句意可知，作者精通汉语和善于总结的目的是写出对联，此空应该表示目的，故填to produce。【49题详解】考查动词时态。句意：随着世界各国的文化交流，中国对联在20世纪开始传播到越南、日本和新加坡。根据句子中的时间状语in the 20th century可知，此空用一般过去式，故填began。【50题详解】考查被动语态。句意：因此，现在
87、这些国家也有贴春联的习俗。分析句子可知，主语the custom与observe(观察，注意)之间是被动的关系，所以应该用被动语态。根据句子中的at present(现在) 提示，应该用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is observed。第三部分：写作 (共两节，满分35分)第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线
88、，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者 (从第11处起)不计分。Nowadays online voting is very popular in China and it has bad effects for people. Some people feel annoyed when ask to do what they dont like it. In general, online voting dont rely on the competitors strengths. Instead, it usually lies in h
89、ow much social networking resources we have, so it is unfair. Worse still, it might be commercial trick played by the organizer. Therefore, it was very necessary that regulation should be worked out and strictly observed.【答案】1. andbut 2. foron3. ask asked 4. 去掉 like后的 it5. dont doesnt 6.muchmany7. w
90、etheymercial前加a9.wasis10. regulationregulations【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了网上投票在中国非常流行，但它对人们有不好的影响。【详解】第一处：考查连词。句意：现在，网上投票在中国非常流行，但它对人们有不好的影响。前后是转折而非并列关系，故将and改but。第二处：考查短语。have effects on sb表示“对某人有影响”。故将for改为on。第三处：考查非谓语动词。句意：有些人在被要求做他们不喜欢做的事情时会感到很烦。 some people与ask之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应该用过去分词作状语。故ask改为asked。第四处：
91、考查代词。分析句子结构，可知这里含有一个宾语从句，宾语从句中，what作like的宾语，it是多余的。故去掉 like后的 it。第五处：考查主谓一致。句意：一般来说，网上投票并不取决于竞争对手的实力。在一般现在时中，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。故将dont改为doesn t。第六处：考查much与many的区别。句意：这通常取決于他们有多少社交网络资源。修饰可数名词复数 resources用many。故将much改为many。第七处：考查代词。句意：这通常取決于他们有多少社交网络资源。指代 competitors，应用第三人称。故将we改为 they。第八处：考查冠词。句意：更糟糕的是，这
92、可能是主办方的一种商业伎俩。trick是可数名词，泛指“一种商业伎俩”，commercial是以辅音音素开头的词，用不定冠词a。故在commercial前加a。第九处：考查时态。句意：因此，制定和严格遵守规章制度是非常必要的。文章的基础时态为一般现在时，描述客观的事实。故将was改为is。第十处：考查名词的数。句意：因此，制定和严格遵守规章制度是非常必要的。“规章制度”是复数意义，用名词复数。故将 regulation改为 regulations。第二节：书面表达（满分25分）52. 不久前，你所在的学校举办了校庆活动，请你给学校广播站写一篇英文广播稿，报道此次活动的情况，主要内容包括：1.
93、活动时间和参加人物；2. 活动内容；3. 个人感受。注意：1 词数 100-120；2 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】The grand celebration of our schools 60th anniversary has just drawn to a close, but we are still filled with excitement and pride.Its known to us all that September 25th is her birthday which we will never forget. After careful prepara
94、tions and thoughtful arrangements, the whole school was brimmed with vigor and happiness on that very day, spotted with flowers and balloons everywhere. Our retired teachers, leaders from other schools and quite a few formerly graduated outstanding talents came to send their gratefulness and best wi
95、shes. Initially, all the guests present signed their names and admired the photos and awards exhibited on the walls, recalling the history and development of our school. Next, on the celebration ceremony, teachers who have had 30 years or above teaching career have been awarded medals. In the end, t
96、eachers and students put on wonderful performances.These celebration activities, which make us realize our schools excellence and unity, are of great significance to me. Not only have I learned gratefulness, but also I have realized the power of teamwork. Lets work together to make it better and bet
97、ter.【解析】分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给学校广播站写一篇英文广播稿，报道活动校庆的情况【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时,少量现在完成时和一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 活动时间和参加人物；2. 活动内容3. 个人感受。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）the celebration of; draw to a close; be filled with; Its known to all; be brimmed with; spot with; send ones grate
98、fulness and best wishes; sign ones name; recall of; teaching career; be awarded medals; put on; make sb do; be of great significance to sb; work toghther第三步：连词成句1. The grand celebration of our schools 60th anniversary has just drawn to a close, but we are still filled with excitement and pride.2. It
99、s known to us all that September 25th is her birthday which we will never forget.3. After careful preparations and thoughtful arrangements, the whole school was brimmed with vigor and happiness on that very day, spotted with flowers and balloons everywhere.4. Our retired teachers, leaders from other
100、 schools and quite a few formerly graduated outstanding talents came to send their gratefulness and best wishes.5. Initially, all the guests present signed their names and admired the photos and awards exhibited on the walls, recalling the history and development of our school. 6. On the celebration
101、 ceremony, teachers who have had 30 years or above teaching career have been awarded medals. 7.In the end, teachers and students put on wonderful performances.8. These celebration activities, which make us realize our schools excellence and unity, are of great significance to me.9. Not only have I l
102、earned gratefulness, but also I have realized the power of teamwork. Lets work together to make it better and better.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Initially，Next，In the end 2.表并列补充关系：not onlybut also3.表转折对比关系：but连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】高分句型1 After careful prep
103、arations and thoughtful arrangements, the whole school was brimmed with vigor and happiness on that very day, spotted with flowers and balloons everywhere. （非谓语动词，过去分词作状语）高分句型2 Making us realize our schools excellence and unity, these celebration activities are of great significance to me.（非谓语动词，现在分词作状语）