1、(六)单项填空(动词时态、语态)阅读理解 (限时30分钟).单项填空1(2013山西高三诊断)Oh, God! Somebody _ the cup.It wasnt me. I didnt do it.Awas breaking Bis breakingChas broken Dhad broken答案：C考查时态。句意：“啊，天呀！有人把杯子打碎了。”“不是我，我没有打碎它。”根据答语可知，杯子被人打碎发生在过去，且对现在造成了一定的影响，故应用现在完成时。C项正确。2(2013山西高三诊断)If you _ to their home, remember to bring a small
2、 gift.Ainvite Bwere invitedChave been invited Dhad been invited答案：C考查时态和语态。句意：如果你已经被邀请去他们家的话，记住带一份小礼物。根据句意以及“remember to bring a small gift”可知，此处只能用表示现在时或完成时的被动语态，排除选项B、D；A项用的是主动语态，也排除。故C项正确。3(2013河北普通高中高三质量监测)Lucy has changed a lot since she got her new job. Recently she _ her work quite well.Ahas
3、been doing Bhas doneCdid Dhad done答案：A考查时态。句意：自从Lucy获得了她的新工作后，她变了很多。最近她一直都很出色地完成了她的工作。4(2013甘肃兰州名校高三检测)Give me an undisturbed hour and I _ the work Tom has left unfinished.Asee to Bwill see toCwould be seeing to Dhave seen to答案：B考查时态。句意：给我一个小时的安静时间，我将处理好汤姆留下的未完成的工作。此处是“祈使句and陈述句”的结构，陈述句中通常用一般将来时，故选B
4、项。5(2013河南豫西五校高三质检)To her disappointment, what she had devoted herself to _ in nothing but failure.Aresulting BresultsChas resulted Dresulted答案：D考查时态。句意：令她失望的是，她倾力所做的一切，给她带来的只是失败。句中“what she had devoted herself to”为主语从句，what作介词to的宾语，且devote这一动作发生在result in这一动作之前，故用resulted。6(2013宁夏银川一中高三第四次考试)Siberi
5、an Tigers _ and killed at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.Ahunted Bare huntedCare being hunted Dhad been hunted答案：C考查时态和语态。句意：以这种速度猎杀西伯利亚虎的话，它们在不远的将来就会从地球上消失。此处叙述的是现在正在发生的事情，而且hunt与Siberian Tigers之间是动宾关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。7(2013郑州高中毕业班第一次质量预测)Did you enjoy meeting
6、 your old schoolmates at the party last week?Yes, I did. We _ each other since we graduated from college.Ahavent seen Bdidnt seeChadnt seen Dwouldnt see答案：C考查动词的时态。句意：“上周你在聚会上与老同学玩得开心吗？”“开心。自从大学毕业后我们就没有见过面。”答语中的since引导一个时间状语从句，同时结合句意可知，“没有见面”这一动作发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。8(2013吉林长春高中毕业班第一次调研)Alas! I have lef
7、t my key to the office in my car.Dont worry. I _ it for you. Wait a minute.Aget Bam going to getCwill get Dam getting答案：C考查时态。答语意为“别担心，我帮你去取。等一下。”此处will用于一般将来时，表示“将要做临时决定的事情”。9(2013成都一诊)They _ to go shopping in the downtown district, but they cancelled it because of a hard rain.Ahad intended Bintend
8、edChave intended Dwere intending答案：A句意：他们本来打算去市中心购物，但是由于大雨而取消了计划。intend这一动作发生在cancelled之前，表示“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。10(2013南昌10所省重点中学二模)Mary _ as a secretary in this company for twenty years and now she stays at home taking care of her own garden.Ahas served Bhad servedCis serving Dserved答案：D句意：Mary在这家公司当了2
9、0年的秘书，现在她待在家里照看她的花园。“Mary在公司当秘书”是发生在过去的事情，因此用一般过去时，注意Mary现在不在公司当秘书了，因此不能用现在完成时。11(2013乌鲁木齐高三第一次诊断性测验)Hi, Kathy! Any plans for tonight?Not yet, Tim. I _ where to go for dinner.Awas wondered Bwas wonderingCwill wonder Dhad wondered答案：B考查动词的时态。句意：“嗨，Kathy！今晚有什么计划吗？”“还没有，Tim。我正在琢磨去哪儿吃晚饭呢。”根据句意可知，wonder这
10、一动作在那一段时间内一直在进行，故用过去进行时。12(2013陕西高考)On Monday mornings it usually _ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.Atakes Bis taking Ctook Dwill take答案：A考查动词的时态。句意：虽然实际距离只有20英里，但是周一早晨通常我要花一个小时的时间开车去上班。根据题干中的时间状语On Monday mornings和usually以及动词is可知，语境指的是现在经常发生的事情，应该用一般现在时，故选A
11、项。13(2013湖南高考)Around two oclock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat _ us.Abothers Bhad botheredCwould bother Dbothered答案：A考查时态。句意：每天晚上大约2点钟的时候，Sue就开始说梦话。这有点打扰我们。根据语境可知设空处指的是现在的经常性动作，所以用一般现在时，故选A项。14(2013湖南高考)Have you heard about the recent election?Sure, it _ the only thing
12、 on the news for the last three days.Awould be Bis Chas been Dwill be答案：C考查时态。句意：“你听说最近的选举了吗？”“当然，最近三天新闻一直在说这事。”时间状语for the last three days常与现在完成时态连用，故选C项。15(2013长沙高考模拟)I _ him in time, otherwise he would have fallen off the bike.Ahad supported BsupportedChave supported Dsupport答案：B句意：我及时扶住了他，否则的话他就
13、从自行车上摔下来了。support这个动作发生在过去，因此用一般过去时。.阅读理解A(2013江西高考)One might expect that the evergrowing demands of the tourist trade would bring nothing but good for the countries that receive the holidaymakers. Indeed, a rosy picture is painted for the longterm future of the holiday industry. Every month sees th
14、e building of a new hotel somewhere. And every month another rockbound Pacific island is advertised as the last paradise(天堂) on earthHowever, the scale and speed of this growth seem set to destroy the very things tourists want to enjoy. In those countries where there was a rush to make quick money o
15、ut of seaside holidays, overcrowded beaches and the concrete jungles of endless hotels have begun to lose their appeal.Those countries with little experience of tourism can suffer most. In recent years, Nepal set out to attract foreign visitors to fund developments in health and education. Its fores
16、ts, full of wildlife and rare flowers, were offered to tourists as one more untouched paradise. In fact, the nature all too soon felt the effects of thousands of holidaymakers traveling through the forest land. Ancient tracks became major routes for the walkers, with the consequent exploitation of p
17、recious trees and plants.Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism. The people as well rapidly feel its effects. Farmland makes way for hotels, roads and airports; the old way of life goes. The onetime farmer is now the servant of some multinational organizat
18、ion; he is no longer his own master. Once it was his back that bore the pain; now it is his smile that is exploited. No doubt he wonders whether he wasnt happier in his village working his own land.Thankfully, the tourist industry is waking up to the responsibilities it has towards those countries t
19、hat receive its customers. The protection of wildlife and the creation of national parks go hand in hand with tourist development and in fact obtain financial support from tourist companies. At the same time, tourists are being encouraged to respect not only the countryside they visit but also its p
20、eople.The way tourism is handled in the next ten years will decide its fate and that of the countries we all want to visit. Their needs and problems are more important than those of the tourist companies. Increased understanding in planning worldwide tourism can preserve the market for these compani
21、es. If not, in a few years time the very things that attract tourists now may well have been destroyed.本文为议论文，题材是世界和环境类。众所周知旅游业可以给当地经济发展带来无限商机，尤其是一些欠发达国家和地区。但是盲目无序地发展旅游业也会给当地环境带来危害，甚至是致命危害。那我们该怎样平衡旅游业和环保之间的关系呢？1What does the author indicate in the last sentence of Paragraph 1?AThe Pacific island is
22、a paradise.BThe Pacific island is worth visiting.CThe advertisement is not convincing.DThe advertisement is not impressive.答案：C推理判断题。第一段中作者描述：每个月都会看到某个地方在建一座新宾馆，每个月都会看到太平洋中的某个小岛打出广告“这儿是世上最后一处天堂。”由作者的语气我们可以推断出这样的广告已经没有什么说服力了，故选C项。2The example of Nepal is used to suggest _.Aits natural resources are u
23、ntouchedBits forests are exploited for farmlandCit develops well in health and educationDit suffers from the heavy flow of tourists答案：D推理判断题。第三段作者引用了尼泊尔发展旅游业为例，其初衷是为当地的教育和卫生事业提供资金，但是很快这儿的人们、自然环境就受到了旅游业影响。现在这个国家正经受着旅游业带来的痛苦，故选D项。3What can we learn about the farmers from Paragraph 4?AThey are happy to
24、 work their own lands.BThey have to please the tourists for a living.CThey have to struggle for their independence.DThey are proud of working in multinational organizations.答案：B推理判断题。根据第四段中的Once it was his back that bore the pain；now it is his smile that is exploited.“过去是他的脊背在承受痛苦，现在是人们开发利用他的微笑”推断出现
25、在他们为了谋生不得不用自己的微笑来取悦游客，故选B项。4Which of the following determines the future of tourism?AThe number of tourists.BThe improvement of services.CThe promotion of new products.DThe management of tourism.答案：D推理判断题。倒数第二段第二句“野生生物的保护，国家公园的创建要和旅游业的发展同时进行”，又根据倒数第一段第一句，“未来十年，如何管理旅游业将决定旅游业和我们要去参观的国家的命运。”由此可推断出D项符合题
26、意。5The authors attitude towards the development of the tourist industry is _.Aoptimistic BdoubtfulCobjective Dnegative答案：C观点态度题。综观全文可知作者的态度是客观的。A：乐观的；B：怀疑的；C：客观的；D：消极的。故选C项。疑难词汇解读exploit v利用、开发(资源)exploit oil reserves，water power and solar energy开发石油资源，水利资源和太阳能资源长难句子分析The way tourism is handled in t
27、he next ten years will decide its fate and that of the countries we all want to visit.句意：旅游业在未来10年里的运行模式将决定该行业本身的命运，并且也将决定那些我们都想去参观的国家的命运。该句的主语是the way，tourism is handled in the next ten years是定语从句，修饰the way。代词that代替的是the fate，we all want to visit也是定语从句，修饰先行词countries。BFor many of us, a little time
28、with our smartphones or iPads before sleep is the highlight of the night. But would you still think it is relaxing if you knew that it damages or destroys your sleep? Scientists say thats exactly what it does.In ancient times, when there were no lamps, telephones or smartphones, the sun was the main
29、 source of light. When the sun went down, our brains took that as a signal to start producing melatonin(褪黑素), a chemical that helps us sleep.However, a healthy amount of melatonin can only be produced in complete darkness.Any light in your bedroomeven the one on the alarm clock or the charging indic
30、ator on your cellphonecould disturb the process, not to mention something as bright as smartphone and iPad screens. We tend to hold these much closer than a television or laptop, which allows them to shoot far more light straight into our eyes.“This is particularly worrisome in populations such as y
31、oung adults and adolescents, who already tend to be night_owls，” said researcher Brittany Wood at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.“Lack of sleep among teens is leading to depression, selfharm, low concentration and poor performance at school，” she added.While all lights are the enemy of sleep, not
32、all colors of light have the same effect. Our eyes are particularly sensitive to blue light, which is common during the day. Most of the light coming from electronic screens is blue light and it fools our brain into thinking its still daytime. By contrast, orange or red light has less influence on m
33、elatonin production, because our brains recognize it as a signal that the day is ending, according to The Telegraph.Asking yourself to keep your hands off your smartphone before bedtime might seem unreasonable, but you should at least remember to dim the screen or hold it farther away from your eyes
34、. You could also wear a pair of orange sunglasses that take away the harmful blue light.本文是一篇科技说明文。研究发现，睡前玩手机可能会影响睡眠状况。6According to the passage, we can know _.Aits a good habit to play with smartphones or iPads late into nightBscientists suggest we should avoid using smartphones or iPadsCdarkness m
35、akes a great impact on the amount of melatoninDthe sun was the only source of light in ancient times答案：C推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句及第三段第一句可知，C项正确；根据第一段内容可知，A项错误；根据文章内容可知，科学家们只是建议睡前不要玩手机，故B项错误；根据第二段中的“In ancient times，when there were no lamps，telephones or smartphones，the sun was the main source of light.”可知D项为错
36、误结论。7Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AThe darker it is, the more melatonin will be produced.BThe lighter it is, the more melatonin will be produced.CThe more melatonin you have, the worse youll sleep.DThe more electrical equipment you have, the more melatonin will be produced
37、.答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“our brains.a chemical that helps us sleep”及第三段首句“However，a healthy amount of melatonin can only be produced in complete darkness.”可知A项正确并排除B、C两项。根据第三段中的“even the one on the alarm clock or the charging indicator on your cellphonecould disturb the process，not to mention something as
38、 bright as smartphone and iPad screens.”可排除D项。8The underlined part in Paragraph 4 refers to those _.Awho are young adults or adolescentsBwho dont perform well in schoolCwho are addicted to a television or laptopDwho are short of sleep at night and perform poorly in daily life答案：D推理判断题。根据第四段内容尤其是最后一句
39、可知，night owls指的就是晚上熬到很晚，缺乏睡眠，然后白天不能集中精神，表现不好的那些人。故D项正确。9In the writers opinion, which is a correct suggestion?AYou should go to bed when the sun goes down.BYou should use an orange or red light electronic screen.CYou should wear a pair of blue sunglasses when sleeping.DYou should avoid blue light as possible as you can before bedtime.答案：D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，并不是所有颜色的光都会产生同样的作用。我们的眼睛对蓝色的光尤为敏感，它会传递给我们的大脑错误的信息，让大脑以为还在白天，因此会影响我们的睡眠，所以在睡觉前应避免接触蓝光。D项正确。
