1、课时分层作业(三)Section 、语言知识练习固基础.单句语法填空1Let me congratulate you on having passed the examination.2Is your salary adequate to support (support)your family?3He feels like resigning (resign)from the board of directors.4The poor children should have access to the good library.5By doing well at school he hope
2、d to win his parents approval(approve).6The man downstairs told the man upstairs not to drop (drop)his shoes onto the floor at midnight any more.7He was forced to take (take)a position that was paid less money.8It is no good watching (watch)too much TV for children.9Group activities will be organize
3、d after class to help (help)children develop team spirit.10To make (make)it easier to get in touch with us，youd better keep this card at hand.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1He would ask who we were and pretend not to knowing us.knowingknow2The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreamin
4、g.feltfeel3I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.want后加to4Im afraid that your parents wont approve your marrying him.approve后加of5We suggested that the girl would leave the building at once.去掉would或wouldshould高考题型练习提能力.阅读理解AHollywoods theory that machines with evi
5、l(邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly.The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want.In 1960 a wellknown mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cyberne
6、tics(控制论), put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”A machine with a specific purpose has another qualit
7、y, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.For the machine, this quality is not inborn, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead.So if we
8、send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task.If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, su
9、per intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists.Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using th
10、em to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world.Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in A
11、I seems to be possible but not easy.There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines.But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers.Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teamsyet th
12、at is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans.Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility.Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen.On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford
13、stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutroninduced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了人工智能，随着科技的发展，机器人可能会超出人类的控制，所以短文对人与机器人之间的关系进行了探讨。1Para
14、graph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may _Arun out of human controlBsatisfy humans real desiresCcommand armies of killer robotsDwork faster than a mathematicianA主旨大意题。根据第一段The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achiev
15、ing something other than what we really want.可知人工智能可能会出现的真正问题是AI会非常擅长取得某个成就而不是我们真正想要的东西，也就是说AI可能会超出人的控制去做一些事情，故选A。2Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to _Aprevent themselves from being destroyedBachieve their original goals independent
16、lyCdo anything successfully with given ordersDbeat humans in international chess matchesA细节理解题。根据第二段A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.可知它具有有生命的物体的一种品质是因为它要保护自己不被破坏，继续存在下去，故选A。3According to som
17、e researchers, we can use firewalls to _Ahelp super intelligent machines work betterBbe secure against evil human beingsCkeep machines from being harmedDavoid robots affecting the worldD细节理解题。根据第三段using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world.可知可以用防火墙来回答那些
18、困难的问题但是却永远不要让他们影响这个真正的现实世界，故选D。4What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?AIt will disappear with the development of AI.BIt will get worse with human interference.CIt will be solved but with difficulty.DIt will stay for a decade.C推理判断题。根据最后一段Solving the safety pr
19、oblem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy.可知作者认为解决人工智能机器的安全问题是可能的，但是并不容易，也就是很困难，故选C。BAfter the operation，Peter suffered severe pain，but insisted that he didnt need any treatment.One evening，he found Susan，his wife, crying in the kitchen of their apartment in a rare ou
20、tburst of frustration.“If you wont help yourself，no one else can，”she said.Peter started a list “How to Help Myself”，and on it he wrote，“Keep communicating with the doctors，even if they are dark thoughts.”On October 20th，a few days before his 33rd birthday，Peter wrote in a Facebook post，“Its been ha
21、rd to get along with having an incurable Grade 4 brain cancer；its been hard not to get angry and sad about it；and its been hard to accept that modern medicine isnt able to fix me.”But at the same time，he wrote，“That every day when I wake up，notdead is a gift.”Peter and Susan had other lists，detailin
22、g the things that they hoped to accomplish in life，which included a trip to Wimbledon，climbing Mt Snowdon in Wales，and a list of musical wishesfrom learning the Bach sonatas (奏鸣曲)and partitas to performing the first violin part in a concert.Peter started working on Bachs six sonatas and partitas，the
23、 most difficult parts，which George Enescu，a worldfamous violinist，once described as the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山)for violinists.Peter practiced every day，even if he could manage only fifteen minutes between medical treatments.As he mastered each piece, he posted his performances on Facebook.He finished on N
24、ovember 12th，then turned to the even more difficult Paganini caprices，which he had often listened to in a recording by Itzhak Perlman.“Its something I always wanted to play when I grew up，like wanting to be a great baseball player，”he said.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Peter身患4级脑癌，手术后放弃治疗。在妻子的劝说下，积极面对自己的遭遇，最终完成自己曾
25、经的愿望和梦想。5Why did Susan cry in the kitchen?A.She suffered great pain from the Grade 4 brain cancer.BPeter refused to get medical treatment after the operation.CNobody else wanted to help them out of the situation.DNo money was left to pay for Peters medical treatment.B细节理解题。根据第一段首句“After the operatio
26、n，Peter suffered severe pain，but insisted that he didnt need any treatment.”和妻子说的话“If you wont help yourself，no one else can”可知，让妻子伤心流泪的是Peter手术后放弃了进一步的治疗。6Which of the following can best describe Peters feeling when he wrote “That every day I wake up，notdead is a gift.”？AGrateful.BSad.CFrustrated.
27、DDetermined.A推理判断题。根据第二段首句中的“Peter started a listHow to Help Myself”可知，Peter听从了妻子的劝告，开始积极面对自己的疾病。Peter在Facebook上写下的这句话，把活着当作上天送给自己的礼物，据此可以推测Peter是感恩的(grateful)。7What is included in the couples list of things they hoped to accomplish in life?APlaying tennis in Wimbledon.BCycling in Mt Snowdon in Wale
28、s.CLearning Mozarts sonatas and partitas.DPlaying the first violin part in a concert.D细节理解题。根据第三段“Peter and Susan had other lists.which included a trip to Wimbledon，climbing Mt Snowdon in Wales，and a list of musical wishesfrom learning the Bach sonatas(奏鸣曲)and partitas to performing the first violin
29、 part in a concert.”可知，Peter在音乐方面的愿望有两个：学习Bach的奏鸣曲和变奏曲以及在音乐会上演奏第一部分的小提琴曲。8Whats the purpose of comparing Bachs six sonatas and partitas to the Himalayas for violinists?ATo emphasize its popularity among people.BTo explain its value to violin learners.CTo stress its difficulty when being learned.DTo
30、show its importance in violinists eyes.C推理判断题。根据尾段首句中的“Peter started working on Bachs six sonatas and partitas，the most difficult parts”可知，Bach的六首奏鸣曲和变奏曲最难演奏。据此可以推断把演奏Bach的六首奏鸣曲和变奏曲比作攀登喜马拉雅山，目的是强调其学习难度。.短文改错Its reported that there have eighty million disabled people in our country.If our government
31、has done a lot for them，its not enough.As student，what should we do for the disabled？To begin with，we should respect them and treat them good.We shouldnt look down them or ignore their value to the society.Additionally，we should care for them and try our best to help them，make their life easier.Last
32、ly，its necessary for us to help develop our confidence，which is the first step to succeed.In conclusion，if everyone does his or her best，the disabled are sure to live a happy life but they will make a great contribution.答案Its reported that there eighty million disabled people in our country. our gov
33、ernment has done a lot for them，its not enough.As ，what should we do for the disabled？To begin with，we should respect them and treat them .We shouldnt look down them or ignore their value to the society.Additionally，we should care for them and try our best to help them， their life easier.Lastly，its necessary for us to help develop confidence，which is the first step to .In conclusion，if everyone does his or her best，the disabled are sure to live a happy life they will make a great contribution.