1、2014高考英语全程复习方略素质与能力提升演练：新人教版必修5U3（答案）必修5 Unit 3. 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空take up; lose sight of; sweep up; slide into; speed up; be back on ones feet; be similar to;the instant1. The man stood at the bank waving to his friends until he _ their boat. 2. The boy _ his bedroom without being seen by his parents.
2、 3. Bobs wife insisted that he should buy her a bag which _ her friends. 4. The thief _ when he realized that he was being followed by a police car. 5. Before moving into his new apartment, Peter had it _ . 6. Tom thought carefully for several days and decided to _ the job. 7. After his operation, t
3、he old man _ again. 8. I recognized her _ I saw her. . 完成句子 1. His speech was very attractive, _ the audience. (impression)他的演讲非常吸引人，给听众留下了深刻的印象。2._ on the north and south and a blue sea on the east, this city enjoys really nice surroundings. (surround)这个城市南北被绿树环绕，东朝大海，环境怡人。3._ , Mark failed in the
4、examination. (lack)因为他缺少信心和勇气，马克这次考试失利了。4. Not until _ did we come back. (sight)直到看不见火车我们才返回。5. Our national rescue team set out to offer rescue _ in Japan. (instant)地震一发生，我国的救援队就立刻赶往日本提供救援。6. After six weeks in hospital, he _ and ready to start work. (foot)在医院住了六周之后，他已完全康复并准备上班。7. The couple has be
5、en quarreling these days. They have reached a point _. (separate)这段日子，小两口争吵不断，已经到了必须分手的地步。8. Generally speaking, when _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (take)一般来说，按照说明服药，药物就不会有副作用。9. Well be late _ . （speed）我们如果不加快速度的话，就会迟到了。10. I believe in you so much. Therefore, I cant _
6、 by you. (tolerate)我是这么相信你，因此，我决不忍受你的欺骗。. 阅读理解(A) As civilization proceeds in the direction of technology, it passes the point of supplying all the basic essentials of lifefood, shelter, clothes and warmth. Then we are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfill needs which h
7、ave now been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of living. In other words, we either raise our standard of living above that necessary for comfort and happiness or we leave it at
8、this level and work shorter hours. I shall take it for granted that mankind has, by that time, chosen the latter alternative. Men will be working shorter and shorter hours in their paid employment. It follows that the housewives will also expect to be able to have more leisure in their life without
9、lowering their standard of living. It also follows that human domestic servants will have completely ceased to exist. Yet the great majority of the housewives will wish to be relieved completely from the routine operations of the home such as scrubbing the floors or the bath of the cooker, or washin
10、g the clothes or washing up, or dusting or sweeping, or making beds. By far the most logical step to relieve the housewives of routine is to provide a robot which can be trained to the requirements of a particular home and can be programmed to carry out half a dozen or more standard operation, when
11、it is switched by the housewives. 1. As civilization develops in the direction of technology, _ . A. the basic essentials of life must be suppliedB. it is important to supply the basic essentials of lifeC. it is no longer so important as it was in the past to supply all the basic essentials of lifeD
12、. it is not necessary to supply the basic essentials of life2. According to the author, we are faced with _ . A. the choice of providing and fulfilling our needsB. the choice of using technologyC. the choice of earning a standard of living D. a choice between using technology to provide and fulfill
13、needs and using technology to reduce the number of working hours3. What alternative will mankind have chosen in future? A. To leave our standard of living at this level and work shorter hours. B. To raise our standard of living. C. To fulfill needs which have been regarded as unnecessary. D. To lowe
14、r our standard of living and work shorter hours. 4. Now most housewives wish to _ . A. stop doing their houseworkB. do more housework to improve their lifeC. get rid of the heavy burden of their houseworkD. do only simple and light housework5. It can be inferred that robots will be invented to _ . A
15、. take the place of housewivesB. help manage a familyC. do the routine of housework instead of humanD. provide the daily necessities for man6. 用30个左右的词概括短文大意_(B)2012聊城模拟 I cant remember a winter being as cold as this in Pennsylvania, but Im sure there were colder days Even though the daylight hours
16、are growing longer minute by minute, its easy to find an excuse not to go out unless you absolutely must, but then again I often have to push myself to accomplish things People I speak to have been in all kinds of nasty moods. They say theyre “under the weather”, not feeling good about this time of
17、year. As I stood outside with my two dogs yesterday, it was so cold that my nose and face felt frozen and my ears were sittingOf course, that doesnt matter to Ricky and LucyThey have a routine they must go through to find just the fighting spot no matter how cold or hot it is. So I wait. But this ti
18、me it was differentAs cold as it was, I suddenly was excited thinking about how wonderful this extreme cold really was. Then the sun broke through the clouds and memories of summers extremely hot days flashed through my mindI could remember standing in the heat of the afternoon, with sweat pouring d
19、own my brow and the hot, burning sun against my faceI reminded myself then and there that in the cold of the winter I would wish I had this heat. I was grateful for the extremesWithout the extremes in my life, I would never appreciate the days when things were just rightWithout the extremes, life wo
20、uld be boring. Its being pushed to one of the extremes that makes us appreciate the middle moreHealth challenges remind us that we need to pay more attention to how we liveFinancial extremes remind us that when things go smoothly its also time to save for raining days Ive come to the conclusion that
21、 all too often I find a reason not to be happy with where I am at that momentWhether its hot or cold, good health or bad, in the money or out of it, I always want it to be different Im tired of being “Under the Weather! ”7. What is the authors attitude towards the extremes in life? A. Grateful. B. C
22、ritical. C. Sensitive.D. Unconcerned. 8. That day the writer waited in the terrible cold because _ . A. his dogs wanted to huntB. his dogs had a routineC. he wanted to be different D. he wanted to face the cold bravely9. The underlined word “nasty” in the third paragraph can be replaced by _ . A. un
23、pleasantB. violentC. favorableD. unusual10. At last the author drew a conclusion that _ . A. happiness cannot be gained by complaintsB. his present situation really disappointed himC. things will be different whatever the situation isD. happiness will fail to come to you for various reasons11. What
24、is the best title for this passage? A. Follow the Routine B. Two Extremes in LifeC. Weather Information D. Changes Should Be Expected答案解析. 1. lost sight of 2. slid into 3. was similar to 4. sped up 5. swept up. 6. take up 7. was back on his feet 8. the instant. 1. making/which made a strong/deep imp
25、ression on 2. Surrounded by/with green trees3. Because he lacked/Lacking confidence and courage4. we lost sight of the train5. the instant the earthquake happened 6. was back on his feet7. where they have to separate with each other8. (the drug is) taken9. unless we speed up10. tolerate being cheate
26、d . 1.【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第一段第一句“. . . it passes the point of supplying all the basic essentials. . . ”可知选C。2. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句可知，我们面临的选择是“或者用技术提供和满足需求，或者应用技术缩减工作时间”。3.【解析】选A。推理判断题。从文章第一段最后一句和第二段第一句判断，人类所选择的是使我们的生活水准停留在这种水平并且使工时缩短。4.【解析】选C。细节理解题。文章第二段第三句“这就意味着家庭主妇也将有望在生活中能有更多的闲暇，而又不至于降低她们的生活水准”。5. 【
27、解析】选C。推理判断题。通过最后一段及全文可推知，机器人将来会帮助人们做家务，但它们也不是万能的。 6. What lifestyle will mankind choose? Using technology to provide and fulfill needs or to reduce the work hours? The writer prefers the latter. 7.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第七段“I was grateful for the extremes. ”可知答案为A。8. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段“They have a routine t
28、hey must go through to find just the fighting spot no matter how cold or hot it is. So I wait. ”可知，应该选B。9.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第三段“They say theyre “under the weather”, not feeling good about this time of year. ”可知，nasty的意思是“不愉快的”。10.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Whether its hot or cold, good health or bad, in the
29、money or out of it, I always want it to be different. ”可知，答案为C。11.【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据文章大意可知，文章主要讲述了改变能够使生活更加多彩。高考英语语法：定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句一.关系代词的用法: 关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中作主语在定语从句中作动词的宾语或者介词的宾语, 介词在后指人that / whothat / who / whom指物that / whichthat / which上表中黑框内的关系代词可以省略; 在口语及非正式文体中whom常被who所替代; 另外, 关系代词whose表示 (先行词)
30、的二.示例:1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语a. Do you know the man that / who came to see Xiao Yang this morning ?b. This is a book that / which tells about space rocket.2.关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语a. The comrade ( that / who / whom ) they came to visit is a scientist.b. I will never forget the day ( that / which ) we spent in the
31、countryside.3.关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语, 介词在后a. This is the house ( that / which ) he was born in.b. The person ( that / who / whom ) you should write to is Mr Ball.c. The man ( that / who / whom ) you talked with is our English teacher.4.whose引导的定语从句a. I know a lady whose husband is a Nobel Prize winner.b.
32、The child whose mother died in the fire is now an engineer in our company.c. He is living in a house whose windows are painted white.三.应注意的问题:1.指物时, 关系代词只用that而不用which的情况:.先行词被最高级或the only, the very, the same等修饰时a. This is the best play that was written by Jack.b. He is the only person that I can tr
33、ust.先行词被序数词或the last等词修饰时a. This is the first car that arrived this morning.先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词时或被不定代词all, any, no等修饰时a. All the people that come from the country work much harder.b. This is all that I can tell you.人+动物或事物共同作为先行词时a. My father and Mr Brown talked of
34、 things and persons that they remembered for about an hour.句中又有which作为疑问词出现时a. Which is the train that goes to Beijing ?2.关系代词who, which, that在定语从句中作主语时, 要注意定语从句中的主谓一致问题. 因为who / that / which指代先行词, 所以定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致即可a. I came to get the book that was left in the classroom.b. I came to get the books
35、 that were left in the classroom.关系副词引导的定语从句一.关系副词的用法: when在定语从句中作地点状语; where在定语从句中作地点状语; why在定语从句中作原因状语二.示例:a. He was well at the time when I saw him.b. Lets meet at the place where we met yesterday.c. This is the reason why I am in favor of the singer.三.应注意的问题:1.在某些表示时间的名词后的关系副词可省略, 这样的名词如: the ti
36、me, every time, each time, the moment, the minute, the second等 (也有语法家认为是这些名词直接引导了时间状语从句)a. By the time ( when ) he was fourteen years old he had learned much English.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句一.说明: 关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时, 介词可以位于关系代词之前,从而构成介词+关系代词引导的定语从句二.这种定语从句中关系代词的用法: 在这种定语从句中, 关系代词只能用whom(指人)和which(指事物), 而不能使用tha
37、t / who三.示例:a. This is the house in which he was born.b. The person to whom you should write is Mr Ball.c. The man with whom you talked is our English teacher.d. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.四.应注意的问题:1.关系代词前的介词可以是单个介词,也可以是短语介词或类似短语介词的词组a. This is the house in w
38、hich he was born.b. At five oclock we reached the house, in front of which there is a big tree.c. At five oclock we reached the mountain, at the foot of which lie some farmhouses.2.根据表达的需要, 介词之前还可以有其他词, 从而构成名词或代词+介词+关系代词引导的定语从句a. I used to live in a small room, the window of which faces the street.b
39、. At the gate stood a group of students, some of whom are girls.3.介词若为短语动词中的介词, 则不可将介词拆开放在关系代词之前a. This is the magazine which you are looking for.( for不能放在which之前)b. The child whom Aunt Li takes care of is ill.( of不能放在whom之前)4.关系副词when / where / why常可与 介词+关系代词互换a. Do you remember the days when we we
40、re in Beijing? ( =in which we were in Beijing )b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?( =in which we once played for a whole day )c. This is the reason why he was absent yesterday. (= for which he was absent )限定性与非限定性定语从句一.两者的区别: 见下表形式作用译法限定性定语从句无逗号与主句分开修饰限定作用, 即不可缺少的定语其译文常
41、位于先行词之前, 并体现的非限定性定语从句有逗号与主句分开附加、补充说明的作用, 若缺少它, 句意仍然完整常将其译成一个和主句并列的分句二.关系词的用法: 非限定性定语从句不能用that引导, 并且关系词在任何情况下都不能省略, 除此之外, 在关系词的使用上, 非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句完全相同三.示例:a. My book, which is very old, is on the table.b. President Kennedy, who had heard of King before, was interested to meet him.c. His father, who
42、 is working in Beijing, is an engineer.d. The house, where he was born, has been destroyed in the earthquake.e. Mr. Smith, with whom you just talked, is our English teacher.f. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.四.应注意的问题:1.as / which都可以引导一个非限定性定语从句, as / which是关系代词, 指
43、代主句中所提到的某种情况, 它们的不同点是:.as引导的这种定语从句位置比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后. as还带有正如, 正象之意, 而which不含此意a. The earth is like a ball, as everyone knows.b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.c. They said they were French, which wasnt true.常见问题一.定语从句还原法: 试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的
44、关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一点, 我们可以用还原法来检验定语从句是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做法是:.第一步: 替换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词+关系代词, 再将关系代词替换成先行词.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the park last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是:
45、先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就得到一个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole day in the park.a. Do you remember the park that / which we visited last year?b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?c. Do you still remember the days that / which we spent together ?d
46、. Do you still remember the days when we were together?二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么a. I was the only person in the office who was invited.b. He was the only one of the students who passed the GRE.as引导的这种定语从句位置比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后. as还带有正如,
47、 正象之意, 而which不含此意a. The earth is like a ball, as everyone knows.b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.c. They said they were French, which wasnt true.常见问题一.定语从句还原法: 试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一点, 我们可以用还原法来检验定语从句是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做法是:.第一步: 替
48、换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词+关系代词, 再将关系代词替换成先行词.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the park last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是: 先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就得到一个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole
49、day in the park.a. Do you remember the park that / which we visited last year?b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?c. Do you still remember the days that / which we spent together ?d. Do you still remember the days when we were together?二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么a. I was the only person in the office who was invited.b. He was the only one of the students who passed the GRE