1、2014高考英语二轮阅读理解限时训练精品题（24）及答案 社会生活型阅读理解(二)-(一)Increased use of the Internet and mobile phones is undermining pupils capacity for independent study and promoting poor grammar, it was claimed.Cranfield School of Management found almost 6 in 10 schoolchildren were copying information directly from websi
2、tes for homework tasks without properly reading it.More than a quarter thought it was an acceptable practice, even though they knew it was considered plagiarism (剽窃)The study, based on a sample of around 260 pupils aged from 11 to 18 at a secondary school in the Midlands, raised fresh concerns that
3、modern technology was having a destructive effect on young people.Andrew Kakabadse, professor of International Management Development at Cranfield, said, “Our research shows that technology obsession prevents spelling skills, encourages plagiarism, and disturbs classroom learning.”“Despite school po
4、licies restricting mobile phone usage, students use the phone frequently, with the majority making calls from the toilets. The mobile phone continues to be a main channel of social communication during the school day.”The report revealed that the socalled “textspeak” was increasingly finding its way
5、 into pupils school work.3 in 10 students admit to using text message shortcuts, such as “r u ok” in essays and classroom tasks.It followed a study earlier this year that found almost half of teachers failed to understand some pupils writing because it was so full of confusing language. Phrases such
6、 as “innit” and “Gr8” were regularly found in school work, it was claimed.The Cranfield study found that mobile use was so common that many pupils chose to ignore school rules on phones.More than a third said they would use their mobile phones in class, while nearly three quarters said they would no
7、t even make an excuse to leave class to answer a phone call.1The underlined word “undermining” in the first paragraph can best be replaced by “_”AdeterminingBkeepingCweakeningDincreasing2It can be inferred from what Kakabadse said that _ Ahe is in favour of students mobile phone usage at schoolBhe b
8、elieves schools are responsible for technology obsessionCthe research finds a new way to improve school managementDit is hard to limit students mobile phone usage at school3What can we learn from the passage?AMost students writing skills are becoming worse.BText message language may affect pupils la
9、nguage skills.CStudents like to invent new words in their writing.D30% of pupils often send text messages when studying.4The passage is mainly about _Athe negative effect of technology on students studyBtechnologys positive influence on students achievementCthe importance of online social communicat
10、ionDthe rapidly growing role of communication technologies5Whats the attitude of the author to the problem?AOptimistic. BApproving.CAnxious. DTolerant.(一)【要点综述】使用互联网和手机的学生越来越多了，可是，科技不仅给学生们带来了便捷，也给他们的学习带来了很多不利影响。1C词义猜测题。根据第二、三段可知，靠照搬网上资料完成家庭作业，实际上是一种抄袭，会影响学生的独立学习能力。undermine是“逐渐损害，削弱”的意思，故此处可以用weaken
11、ing来代替。2D推理判断题。根据第六段第一句的“with the majority making calls from the toilets”和第二句“The mobile phonethe school day.”可推断，限制学生在学校使用手机是很困难的。3B细节理解题。根据第七至九段可知，短信语言可能会给学生的语言技能带来不利影响。4A主旨大意题。文章的第一段就点明了中心“高科技的使用对孩子的学习有不好的影响”。故选A。5C观点态度题。从文章的字里行间可以看出，作者对学生使用高科技产品(诸如手机之类)持忧虑态度。故答案为C。阅读理解-BIn the United States, the
12、re were some well-constructed houses for native Indians, ranging from the simple brush shelter to the five-storied pueblo.In the eastern United States, one of the existing types was that commonly know under the Algonkian name of wigwam in which the Iroquois Indians lived. The wigwams were of wagon-t
13、op shape with straight sides and ends, made by bending young trees to form the round shape. Over this shape pieces of tree bark were laid to protect the Indians from bad weather. Over the bark dried grass was added. A small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top. Doorways at each end served also
14、as windows, The Iroquois Indians built trunk walls all around their villages. The wall had only one opening, They could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near.Interestingly, the Choctaw Indians in Mississippi also lived in a wigwam of a most primitive(原始的) construction, but different
15、from those of the Iroquois Indians. The Choctaw Indians wigwams, made from mud, cane and straw, were in the form of a bee-hive. The covering was made of a long, tough grass. A post in the centre supported the roof. A hole in the top admitted the light, and allowed the smoke to pass out.The tipi tent
16、-housing of the upper lake and plains area was put up with poles set lightly in the ground, tied together near the top, and covered with bark and grass in the lake country. It was easily portable, and two women could set it up or take it down within an hour.The Pawnee, Mandan and other Indian tribes
17、 (部落) along the Missouri built solid ring-shaped structures of trunk, covered with earth and dried grass, housing a dozen families.The Wichita and other tribes of the Texas border built large ring-shaped houses covered with dried grass. KS*5U.CApart from the regular housing, almost every tribe had s
18、ome style of housing.( ) 1.Which of the following pictures shows the house for the Iroquois Indians？( ) 2. According to the passage, the Pawnee Indians built their houses _.A. with openings in the trunk walls B. large enough for several families C. in a ring shape with bark and mud D. by bending you
19、ng trees to form the shape( ) 3. All the native Indian houses described in the passage were_. KS*5U.CA. of the same shape B. covered with grass C. built with a post in the centre D. built with doorways at each end ( ) 4. The passage suggests that _A. all the native Indians built trunk walls all arou
20、nd their houses B. all the native Indian houses were built with poles tied togetherC. the Iroquois Indians took safety into account while building their wigwams D. the Choctaw Indians in Mississippi built their wigwams with straight sides and ends【语篇解读】本篇文章为记叙文。主要讲述了美国的土著居民印第安人的房屋结构和建房特点，展示了美国当地人的居住
21、文化。72.答案A。【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends”可知，选项A符合题意。73.答案B。【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“The Pawnee, Mandan and other Indian tribes housing a dozen families”可知，应选B项。74.答案B。【解析】细节理解题。文章中出现的grass是Indian tribes建造房屋所必不可少的东西。由此可知，印第安人的屋子都用草盖着。由此可知B项正确75.答案C。KS*5U.C
22、【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“They could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near”可以推断出the Iroquois Indians建造房屋的时候把自身的安全考虑在内了。因此可推断出C项阅读理解- (2011湖北卷，D)Feeling blue about the world ? “Cheer up，” says science writer Matt Ridley.“The world has never been a better place to live in，and it will keep on
23、 getting better both for humans and for nature.”Ridley calls himself a rational optimistrational，because hes carefully weighed the evidence optimistic，because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what hes set out to prove from a unique point of view in his
24、most recent book The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand enterprise that，on the whole，has done little but progress for 100, 000 years.He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.Heres how he explains his views.1)Shopping fuels inventionIt is reported that ther
25、e are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone.Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty，our own generation has access to more nutritious food，more convenient transport，bigger houses，better cars，and of course，more pounds and dollars than any who lived befor
26、e us .This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things.The more we specialize and exchange，the better off well be.2) Brilliant advancesOne reason we are richer，healthier，taller，cleverer，longerlived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needsfood，clothing，
27、fuel and shelterhave grown a lot cheaper.Take one example.In 1800 a candle providing one hours light cost six hours work.In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes work to pay for.In 1950 it was eight seconds.Today its half second.3) Lets not kill ourselves for climate changeMitiga
28、ting(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village，where the use of fassilfuel(化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by wellmeaning members of green political movements trying to save the world，is just as great a t
29、ragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change.If climaic change proves to be mild，but cutting carbon causes real pain，we may well find that we have stopped a nosebleed by putting a tourniquet(止血带) around our necks.人类的进步是无法阻挡的，是令人乐观。在理性的乐观主义者一书中，作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象，并且对于购物这样普通的日常行为所带来的
30、积极影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。9What is the theme of Ridleys most recent book?AWeakness of human nature.BConcern about climate change.CImportance of practical thinking.DOptimism about human progress.答案：D。理解判断题。从第二段的前两句话中，反复提到一个关键词“optimistic”以及信息句“because that evidence shows.”；另外，“this is what hes set out to prove
31、.”一句也正好清楚的表明了作者在本书中所以阐述的正是这个话题，正是与选项D的说法是一致的，即：人类的进步总是不可避免的。10How does Ridley look at shopping?AIt encourages the creation of things.BIt results in shortage of goods.CIt demands more fossil fuels.DIt causes a poverty problem.答案：A。细节判断题。从“Shopping fuels invention”一段正是反映了Ridley的观点：购物能够激发创造发明。选项A与之相吻合。
32、11The candle and lamp example is used to show that _.Aoil lamps give off more light than candlesBshortening working time brings about a happier lifeCadvanced technology helps to produce better candlesDincreased production rate leads to lower cost of goods答案：D。细节判断题。根据Brilliant advances 一段中的“Take one
33、 example”一句很明显的确定为：作者拿蜡烛与灯的比较与变化正是为了前面他所提到的看法，故与选项D的说法是一致的。12What does the last sentence of the passage imply?ACutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.BOverreaction to climate change may be dangerous.CPeoples health is closely related to climate change.DCareless medical treatment may c
34、ause great pain.答案：B。推理判断题。根据最后一句话中的“cutting carbon causes real pain”可以排除选项A与C的说法，因为它们大相径庭；而根据“putting. around our necks”一句可以表明选项D中“careless”一词运用不当，是不符合语境的。故只有选项B是最正确的。 (二)If you want to know how crazy people can be about their pets, you might remember that Helmsley left $12 million to her little Ma
35、ltese dog when she died.The dogs name is Trouble. And apparently Trouble is still alive. Of course, I would hang on，too, if someone left me $12 million. Look! Topshelf dog food, soft pillows everywhere, drivers walking me in nice leafy parks. I would live to be 110 in dog years.The dogs story is sti
36、ll fresh in my mind the other night when I leave a steak house after a superb meal. Then I notice a woman carrying a small bag out of the door behind me.Once outside, she walks over to where a man is holding a tiny dog and its a baby. The dog looks like a Maltese, too, barking and annoying, with a c
37、ute haircut.And now I am treated to an absolute astonishing sight. Because now the woman reaches into the bag and begins pulling out little pieces of meat, which she puts on a plastic spoon and feeds to the dog.This is no cheap steak house. Its_actually_way_out_of_my_leagueIm there only because its
38、a special occasion. I can tell you this: if I walked out of the place with any leftover steak, it sure wouldnt go to a dog. Not at those prices.So now the woman is spoonfeeding the dog and the man is just standing there, holding this dog and looking as if this is the most normal thing in the world.
39、And the dog is calmly chewing these pieces of steak as if hes a little king. And this dog is in no hurry. Hes having a great time.A few minutes go by, and now the dog finishes all of his steak. At this point, I hear the woman say to the man，“Think hes still hungry？” And she glances behind her at the
40、 restaurant, as if she might go back to get more steak for the dog.Watching all this, Im afraid Im going to shout, “Are you out of your mind feeding all that pricey steak to that little dog? Do you see what our American life is like today? Were all going to be eating dog food if this keeps up！”1Why
41、does the author say he would live to be 110 in dog years?ABecause he is always in poor health and falls ill.BBecause a Maltese dog lives longer than a human being.CBecause his grandparents left him a large sum of money.DBecause he thinks the dog is treated extremely well.2What is the story mainly ab
42、out?AAn American familys happy life.BA Maltese dog getting $12 million from its owner.CA New Yorker spending $ 8 billion for a few banks.DA pet dog being fed with expensive food.3The underlined part “Its actually way out of my league” (in Para. 6) means “_”Athe restaurant is too expensive for the au
43、thorBthe author hates the dog being taken thereCthe superb restaurant is about to be out of serviceDthe dog doesnt belong to the authors group4Seeing the dog is being treated to expensive steak, the author becomes extremely _AindifferentBannoyedCconcernedDenvious(二)【要点综述】本文通过举例说明了在现在的美国社会里，很多宠物得到了超乎
44、寻常的待遇。1D推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Of course，I would hang on，too，if someone left me $12 million.Look！Topshelf dog food，soft pillows everywhere，drivers walking me in nice leafy parks.”可知这只狗的待遇非常好，让作者很羡慕，所以他才这样说。故D项正确。2D主旨大意题。文章讲述的是一个富人给一只狗吃昂贵的牛排的故事。故D项正确。3A推理判断题。根据本段“This is no cheap steak house.Its actually way out of my leagueIm there only because its a special occasion.”可知这里的牛排很贵，超出了作者承受的范围。故A项正确。4B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知作者很生气。故B项正确。