1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家2014高考英语二轮阅读理解基础精品训练题（2）及答案阅读理解-AMost musicians agree that the best violins were made in Italy. They were made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago. These violins sound better than any others. They even sound better than violins made today. Violin makers and scientists try to make
2、instruments like the old Italian violins. But they arent the same. Musicians still prefer the old ones. No one really knows why these old Italian violins are so special, but many people think they have an answer.Some people think it is the age of the violins. They say that todays violins will also s
3、ound wonderful someday. But there is a problem here. Not all old violins sound wonderful. Only those from Cremona are special. So age cannot be the answer. There must be something different about Cremona or those Italian violins makers.Other people think the secret to those violins is wood. The wood
4、 of the violin is very important. It must be from certain kinds of the trees. It must not be too young or too old. Perhaps the violin makers of Cremona knew something special about wood for violins.But the kind of wood may not be so important. It may be more important to cut the wood in a special wa
5、y. Wood for a violin must be cut very carefully. It has to be the right size and shape. The smallest difference will change the sound of the violin. Musicians sometimes think that this was the secret of the Italians. Maybe they understood more than we do about how to cut the wood.Size and shape may
6、not be the answer either. Scientists measured these old violins very carefully. They can make new ones that are exactly the same size and shape. But the new violins still do not sound as good as the old ones. Some scientists think the secret may be the varnish, which covers the wood of the violin an
7、d makes it look shiny. It also helps the sound of the instrument. No one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish. So no one can make the same varnish today.There may never be other violins like the violins of Cremona. Their secret may be lost forever. Young musicians today hope th
8、is is not true. They need fine violins. But there arent very many of the old violins left. Also, the old violins are very expensive. Recently, a famous old Italian violin was sold for about US$300,000!1. This passage is about . A. making violinsB. musical instrumentsC. scientific ideasD. the old Ita
9、lian voilins答案解析：答案为D。本题为主旨大意题。 第一段最后一句话 “No one really knows why these old Italian violins are so special, but many people think they have an answer.” 引入话题，为什么古老的意大利小提琴如此特别，很多人认为他们知道答案，后文分别给出了不同人的答案，最后一段对问题的答案进行总结 “There may never be other violins like the violins of Cremona. Their secret may be lo
10、st forever.” 意大利小提琴的秘密或许永远消失了，无人知晓。全文都是围绕古老的意大利小提琴展开。故答案为D。2. The best violins .A. are made with modern techniquesB. were lost many years agoC. were made in Italy 200 years ago D. were made by scientists答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。由第一段第一、二句话 “Most musicians agree that the best violins were made in Italy. They
11、were made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago.” 可知，答案为C。3. Some people think that modern violins .A. will sound better in the futureB. will sound worse in the futureC. sound wonderful and naturalD. will never be as old as those from Cremona答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。结合第二段和该段第二句话 “They say that todays violi
12、ns will also sound wonderful someday.” 可知，一些人认为现代小提琴有一天也会演奏出优美的旋律，故A选项正确。B、C选项与文意不符，D选项未提及。4. Violins made today . A. look the same as the old onesB. sound the same as the old onesC. are better than the old onesD. have the same varnish as the old ones答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。由倒数第二段 “They can make new ones t
13、hat are exactly the same size and shape. But the new violins still do not sound as good as the old ones.” 可知，科学家可以制作出和意大利小提琴一样大小和形状的小提琴，但是新的小提琴音质就是不如意大利小提琴好，故A正确，B、C错误。由该段最后两句话 “No one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish. So no one can make the same varnish today.”可知，D选项错误。阅读理
14、解-B- (2011山东卷，A)Arthur Miller(19152005)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Millers father had moved to the USA from AustriaHungary, drawn like so many others by the“Great American Dream”. However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family b
15、usiness was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s. Millers most famous play, Death of a Salesman, is a powerful attack on the American system, with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman, the hero of the p
16、lay, we see a man who has got into trouble with this system. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment: if he cant do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at a loss as to w
17、hat to do with his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.When it was first staged in 1949, the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews，and it won the Tony Award for Best Play，the New York Drama Critics Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for
18、 Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury，Connecticut, on the evening of February 10, 2005, the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.本文讲述了亚瑟米勒，美国著名的剧作家，以及他的著名的戏剧男售货员之死，当这部戏剧第一次搬上舞台时，
19、赢得了巨大的成功，获得了三项大奖。4. Why did Arthur Miller s father move to the USA?A. He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.B. He was attracted by the “Great American Dream”C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist. D. His family business failed.答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话“Millers father had moved to the USA
20、from AustriaHungary，drawn like so many others by the Great American Dream”可知答案。5The play Death of a Salesman _.A. exposes the cruelty of the American business world B. discusses the ways to get promoted in a company C. talks about the business career of Arthur Miller D. focuses on the skills in doin
21、g business答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第三、四句话可知，Willy Loman已陷入美国社会制度的困境中，他已精疲力尽，在这残酷的商业世界中，他不知道应该怎样做，最后，他选择了自杀。由此可知A项正确。来源:6. What can we learn about Willy Loman?A. He treats his employer badly. B. He runs the Wagner Company. C. He is a victim of the American system.D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleague
22、s.答案：C。推理判断题。由短文第二段可知，Willy Loman在这残酷的商业世界中，根本没有情感可言，但是他又不能对不起他的雇主和公司，他又不知道如何处理自己的失败，只有选择自杀，由此可知他是美国社会制度的牺牲品。7. After it was first staged, Death of a Salesman_.A. achieved huge success B. won the first Tony AwardC. was warmly welcomed by salesmen D. was severely attacked by dramatists答案：A。细节理解题。由短文第
23、三段可知，戏剧Death of a Salesman第一次搬上舞台，就赢得了三项大奖，故A项正确。8. What is the text mainly about?A. Arthur Miller and his family. B. The awards Arthur Miller won.C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced. D. Arthur Miller and his bestknown play.答案：D。主旨大意题。综观全文可知，本文主要讲述了亚瑟米勒及他的名著Death of a Salesman，故D项正确。故事类-201*北京
24、卷 Peanuts to ThisProudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stonefaced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “What c
25、ould be causing everyone to act this way？”Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an
26、ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army acros
27、s America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice: flip(掷)a coin. Headsthe commander, and tailsthe peanuts guy. Ah! Tails，my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.Weeks late
28、r, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear，“My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The who
29、le world became quiet! How could I know that she meant that George Washington?Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No redos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I de
30、served a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmasters office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the
31、embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my opinion to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!60What did the authors classmates think about his report?AControversial. BRidiculous.CBoring. DPuzzling.61Why was the author confused about the task?AHe was unfamili
32、ar with American history.BHe followed the advice and flipped a coin.CHe forgot his teachers instruction.DHe was new at the school.62The underlined word“burning”in Para. 3 probably means _.Aannoyed BashamedCready Deager63In the end, the author turned things around _.Aby redoing his taskBthrough his o
33、wn effortsCwith the help of his grandfatherDunder the guidance of his headmaster【要点综述】本文讲述了作者作为一个外来移民初入美国学校时，由于对美国历史不了解而闹出的一个笑话，但作者通过努力最后终于提高成绩并实现跳级。60. B推理判断题。根据第一段内容我们知道，由于作者对美国历史的无知，弄混了乔治华盛顿的身份，所以同学们听了作者写的报告忍不住大笑起来。“bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes.”可知大家觉得这个报告很荒谬。controve
34、rsial有争议的；ridiculous荒谬的，可笑的；boring无聊的；puzzling迷惑的，不解的。61. A推理判断题。 根据第二段“Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country”可知，作者是从别的国家初到美国，所以对美国历史不了解而闹了笑话。62. D词义猜测题。 根据全文叙述可知，作者是通过投掷硬币来决定的答案，因此犯了常识错误。第三段中“I was totally lost.”说明作者不明就里，所以当其他同学读报告时，作者渴望知道为什么。annoyed 烦恼的；ashamed羞愧
35、的；ready准备好的，情愿的；eager渴望的。63. B细节理解题。 根据第四段“Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year.”可知作者是通过throw oneself into(积极从事)而实现转变的。所以选B。文中老师并没有给作者机会重做，所以A错误；从祖父那里得到建议是在选择华盛顿身份时，所以C错误；而校长是在作者成绩提高后才接见的，所以D错误。阅读理解-BAre you preparing for a big test? If so, you may want
36、to go play some basketball in between hitting the books. Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research,
37、it seems that exercise can make blood vessels(血管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Doctor Cameron is sure that this allows people who exercise to think better. As she says, “ while we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can actually cause physi
38、cal changes in the brain.”The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that requires a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. Even a little movement can show big results. Ma
39、rgaret Barnes, a scientist, also believes in the importance of exercise. She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in primary school or high school can result from a lack of movement as babies. “Babies need movement that encourages and excites their five senses. They need to set
40、up a connection between motion and memory. In this way, as they get older, children will begin to connect physical activity with higher learning,” says Margaret.Older people can develop their brains as well. Cornell University studied a group of seniors who have a shortterm memory increase of up to
41、40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. The exercise does not have to be very difficult, but it does have to increase the heart rate. Also, just like the motion for babies, exercise for older people should not be too simple. Learning some new skills or actions, such as with yoga or tai-
42、chi helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main aim is to increase the brains flow of blood. And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours o
43、f exercise a week.1. What is the main idea of this passage?A. How exercise makes people strong.B. How to get good scores on a test.C. How exercise helps the brain.D. How the brain can change. 答案解析：答案为C。本题为主旨大意题。第一段就点出了全文的中心 “According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels, i
44、ncluding those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed.”，锻炼可以使血管，包括大脑里的血管更结实、发育更好，后面的段落分别对中心进行阐述证明。故答案为C。2. According to the passage, what is the connection between exercise and brain development?A. Exercise helps make our blood vessels.B. Physical exercise helps us think better.C. The brain
45、 needs special mental exercise.D. The more exercise, the bigger the brain. 答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第一段 “According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels, including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Doctor Cameron is sure that this allows people who exercise t
46、o think better.” 可知，答案为B。3. The smallest amount of exercise required to gain any benefit is .A. three hours per week B. 40 hours per weekC. three hours per dayD. 40 hours per month答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由最后一段最后一句话 “And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.”可知，答案为A
47、。4. Why is yoga suggested for seniors?A. It does good to the joints of old people.B. It does not increase the heart rate.C. It includes learning new actionsD. It can be done in groups.答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由最后一段 “Learning some new skills or actions, such as with yoga or tai-chi helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful.”，可知C选项正确。A、D选项未提及；B选项与文意相反。故答案为C。- 9 - 版权所有高考资源网