1、Eating 40 percent less food could extend a persons life by 20 years, according to scientists.来源:学_科_网Researchers at the Institute of Health Ageing at University College London are developing a treatment that they hope will fight the “disease” of getting older.They are looking into how genetics (遗传学)
2、and lifestyle can affect ageing and add years, possibly decades, to a persons life.Age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and neuro degeneration can also be treated, it is claimed.They want to find out how the life of a rat can be increased by up to 30 percent simply by reducing
3、 its food intake.Researcher Dr. Piper told the Independent: If you reduce the diet of a rat by 40 percent it will live for 20 or 30 percent longer. So we would be talking 20 years of human life. This has shown on all sorts of animals, even Labradors (a kind of dog). The scientists are also studying
4、fruit flies, which share 60 percent of human genes and age in a similar manner, and mice.They have already made the healthy lifespan (寿命）longer in both flies and mice by using drug treatments and a balanced diet. It is hoped that this combination will also work to extend (延长）human life. Dr. Piper sa
5、id: If we discover the genes involved with ageing, we should be able to delay ageing itself. This is what weve found.He added that the field of research into extending life is only a decade old, so remains in theory. It is their special approach to treating all age-related diseases caused by the dis
6、ease of ageing itself that sets their research apart. 64. The author writes this text in order to _.A. encourage people to eat as little as possible B. tell people how harmful food is to their health 来源:学.科.网C. introduce an on-going research on delaying ageing D. show how similar mice and humans are
7、 to each other65. How can people live longer according to the text?A. Exercise regularly.B. Reduce their diet properly.C. Vary their lifestyles constantly.D. Change their genes completely.66. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest?A. The research is effort-taking.来源:学。科。网B.
8、The result of the research is reliable.C. The research has been done for a long time.D. Theres a long way to go to put the theory into practice.C篇：【语篇解读】 本文是一篇科普类文章。介绍一个有关食物的量与寿命长短的关系的研究。64.C【命题立意】 考查对作者写作意图的理解。 【试题解析】 本文是客观介绍一个正在进行着的研究，没有主观意愿。 因此，选C。 65.B【命题立意】 主旨大意题。【试题解析】 本文的主旨大意是食物量和寿命长短的关系。根据第五
9、段“They want to find out how the life of a rat can be increased by up to 30 percent simply by reducing its food intake.”可知。66.D【命题立意】 考查学生对句子深层含义的理解。【试题解析】本句话的意思是这个研究才开始10年，所以还停留在理论层面，故选D。 科普知识型阅读理解(一)-(一)The forces that make Japan one of the worlds most earthquakeprone(有地震倾向的) countries could become
10、 part of its longterm energy solution. Water from deep below the ground at Japans tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity.Although Japanese hightech companies are leaders in geothermal(地热的) technology and export it, its use is limited in the nation.“Japan should no doub
11、t make use of its resources of geothermal energy，” said Yoshiyasu Takefuji, a leading researcher of thermalelectric power production.The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011 caused a reaction against atomic power, which previously made up 30 percent of Japans energy needs, and increas
12、ed interest in alternative energies, which account for only 8 percent.Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy, following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80 percent of its needs.For now, geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the e
13、nergy needs in Japan, which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power.The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost of the exploration and constructing the factories.Another problem is that Japans potentially best sites are already being developed for touris
14、m or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden.“We cant even dig 10cm inside national parks，” said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric, adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow.Researcher Hideaki Matsui said, “Producing elec
15、tricity by using hot springs is a decadeslong project.We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term.”The Earth Policy Institute in Washington, the US, believed Japan could produce 80，000 megawatts(兆瓦)and meet more than half its electricity needs wit
16、h geothermal technology.Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology, with a 70 percent market share.In 2010, Fuji Electric built the worlds largest geothermal factory in New Zealand.1What would be the best title for the text?AAlternative energies in JapanBThe
17、worlds largest geothermal plantCJapan takes the lead in geothermal technologyDJapan thinks of geothermal energy2What percentage of Japans energy needs is geothermal energy?AAbout 8%. BBelow 1%.CAround 30%. DOver 80%.3According to Shigeto Yamada, the growth of geothermal power in Japan needs _Aa chan
18、ge of rulesBfinancial supportClocal peoples helpDhigh technology4Geothermal energy is considered as a longterm program by _ AYoshiyasu Takefuji BHideaki MatsuiCShigeto Yamada DYoko Ono5It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that _Athe worlds biggest geothermal plant was built by AmericaBJapa
19、n will not export its geothermal technologyCthe potential of Japans geothermal energy is great Dit is hard to find geothermal energy in Japan(一)【要点综述】 文章主要讲述了日本正在考虑开发地热能。因为日本是地震多发国家，国家地热能非常丰富，所以地热能将是日本的新型替代能源。1D主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了日本正在考虑开发地热能，围绕地热能的话题展开。故选D项。2B细节理解题。从第七段“For now，geothermal energy makes up
20、less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan，which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power.”可知，日本地热能不到1%，主要依赖于化石燃料和原子能。故选B项。 3A细节理解题。从倒数第四段“adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow.”可知，要开发地热能需要将现行的规章制度进行改变，故选A项。4B细节理
21、解题。从“Researcher Hideaki Matsui said，Producing electricity by using hot springs is a decadeslong project”可知，Hideaki Matsui 认为地热能是个长期的项目，故选B项。来源:学科网ZXXK5C推理判断题。从最后两段可知，日本在地热能方面有着巨大的潜力，故选C项。科普知识型阅读理解(一)- (二)Last nights meteor(流星)shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answer
22、s.According to Gabe Rothschild, Emerald Valleys mayor, people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky.What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the
23、meteors passing overhead.“My family was so frustrated，” admitted town resident Duane Cosby.“We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to be a huge disappointment.”Astronomersscientists who study stars and planetshave been complaining about this problem for decades.They
24、 say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past.They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light
25、pollution. This population consists of birds, bats, frogs，snakes，etc.For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating (迁徙的)birds.According to the International DarkSky Association，“100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”Countless m
26、ore animal casualties(伤亡) result from the use of artificial lighting.Clearly，people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans，too.They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase a persons chances of getting cancer.Emerald Vall
27、ey is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution.For years, Flagstaff, Arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory.Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to rem
28、ind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.1It happened last night that _A. the citys lights affected the meteor watchingBthe meteors flew past before being noticedCthe city light show attracted many peopleDthe meteor watching ended up a social
29、outing 来源:Z_xx_k.Com2What do the astronomers complain about?AMeteor showers occur less often than before.BTheir observation equipment is in poor repair.CLight pollution has remained unsolved for years.DTheir eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting.3What is the author concerned about according
30、 to Paragraph 4?A. Birds may take other migration paths.BAnimals living habits may change suddenly.CVarieties of animals will become sharply reduced.DAnimals survival is threatened by outdoor lighting.4Lighting regulations in Flagstaff, Arizona are put into effect to_Alessen the chance of getting ca
31、ncerBcreate an ideal observation condition Censure citizens a good sleep at nightDenable all creatures to live in harmony5What message does the author most want to give us?ASaving wildlife is saving ourselves. BGreat efforts should be made to save energy.CHuman activities should be environmentally f
32、riendly. DNew equipment should be introduced for space study.(二)【要点综述】 本文是一篇科普文，主要介绍了城市的光污染对日常生活、天文学家的工作以及动物的生活都产生了消极的影响。在Flagstaff，Arizona已经采取了灯光管理措施。 1A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.”可知，昨天晚上由于城市的灯光太亮，影响了人们观看流星。故选A。2C细节
33、理解题。根据第三段“have been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from”可知，天文学家多年来一直在抱怨光污染问题未解决。故选C。3D推理判断题。根据第四段第一、二句“that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds, bats, frogs, snakes, etc.”以及本段最后一句“100 million birds a year
34、throughoutdie in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”可知，作者第四段主要叙述的是动物也受到了光污染的影响，甚至它们的生存也受到了影响。故选D。4B推理判断题。根据第六段第二句“has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at”可知，这条规定是为了给天文学家的工作创造理想的观察条件。故选B。5C主旨大意题。根据整篇文章的叙述，作者主要描述了城市的光污染对人们生活、工作以及动物的生存造成的影响，因此作者在文中呼吁我们人类的
35、活动应该对环境有利。故选C。【2014高考英语吉林省长春市调研试题】DThe Hearst CastleHearst Castle is a park on the central California coast and a National Historic Landmark. It was designed by Julia Morgan for William Randolph Hearst from 1919 until 1947. In 1957, the owner donated the fortune to the state of California. Since tha
36、t time it has been a state historic park where its large collection of art and antiques are open for public tours. Despite its location far from any urban center, the site attracts roughly one million visitors per year.Guided Tours Tour One is recommended for first time visitors. It now includes the
37、 movie, Hearst Castle Building the Dream. Tour Two gives visitors a closer look at the main houses upper floors, Mr. Hearsts private suite, the libraries, and the kitchen. Tour Three looks at the Castles North Wing, guest rooms and guest house Casa Del Monte. Tour Four includes the impressive garden
38、s and grounds, the largest guesthouse, the wine basement, and the Hidden Terrace. The evening tour is a special tour that allows visitors to experience the Castle at night as one of the Hearsts own visitors might have.Ticket PricesHearst Castle accepts VISA, Master Card, American Express and Discove
39、r. Free day use parking is available for automobiles, motorcycles, tour buses and recreational vehicles.ToursAdultAges 6-17Tour 1$24$12Tours 2, 3 or 4$24$12Evening tour$30$15* Children under 6 are free when accompanied by a paying adult.Reservation (预订）InformationWhile tickets may be purchased at th
40、e Visitor Center upon arrival, tour reservations can be made online now or by calling 1-800-444-4445, see below for times.Reservation Call Center Hours DatesMonday-FridaySaturday-Sunday March-September8am to 6pm8am to 6pm October-February9am to 5pm9am to 3pm Visit www.hearstcastle.org for more infor
41、mation. 67. Who does the Hearst Castle belong to at present?A. William Randolph Hearst.B. Julia Morgan.C. The Hearst Corporation.D. The state of California.68. If you are quite interested in wine, which tour will you choose?A. Tour One.B. Tour Two.C. Tour Three.D. Tour Four.69. If a couple take Tour
42、 One with their 5-year-old son, how much will they pay for the tickets? A. 36.B. 48C. 60.D. 75.70. Which of the following is the available time to book tickets by phone?A. At 8 am on Monday in February.B. At 9 am on Sunday in March.C. At 7 pm on Friday in September.D. At 6 pm on Saturday in October.D篇： 【语篇解读】 本文是广告类文章，介绍the Hearst Castle这个旅游景点的相关信息。67.D【命题立意】 细节理解题。 【试题解析】 通过第一段第二、三句可知。68.D【命题立意】 细节理解题。 【试题解析】 在Tour Four里提到了wine basement。69.B【命题立意】 信息理解题。 【试题解析】 通过第一个表格及表格下注释内容进行计算可知。70.B【命题立意】 信息理解题。 【试题解析】 根据第二个表格可知。版权所有：高考资源网()版权所有：高考资源网()