1、2014高考英语阅读理解精品练习（10）及答案（解析）C72013辽宁卷 BGoing green seems to be a fad(时尚) for a lot of people these days.Whether that is good or bad, we cant really say, but for the two of us, going green is not a fad but a lifestyle.On April 22，2011, we decided to go green every single day for an entire year.This me
2、ant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond the easy things.Rather than recycle and reduce our energy, we had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task.With the idea of going green every single day for a year, Our Gree
3、n Year started.My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all the green things that could be done to help the environment.We wanted to push the message that every little bit helps.Over the course of Our Green Year, we completel
4、y changed our lifestyles.We now shop at organic(有机的) stores.We consume less meat, choosing green food.We have greatly reduced our buying we dont need.We have given away half of what we owned through websites.Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juice, with no chemical cleaners.We make our own
5、 butter, enjoying the smell of homemade fresh bread.In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished.Our minds have been changed by Our Green Year.We are grateful for the chance to have been able to go green and educate others.We believe that we do have the power to change
6、things and help our planet.60What might be the best title for the passage?AGoing GreenBProtecting the PlanetCKeeping OpenMindedDCelebrating Our Green Year61It was difficult for the couple to live a green life for the whole year because _Athey were expected to follow the green fadBthey didnt know how
7、 to educate other peopleCthey were unwilling to reduce their energyDthey needed to perform unusual green tasks62What did the couple do over the course of Our Green Year?AThey tried to get out of their ungreen habits.BThey ignored others ungreen behavior.CThey chose better chemical cleaners.DThey sol
8、d their homemade food.63What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThe government will give support to the green project.BThe couple may continue their project in the future.CSome people disagree with the couples green ideas.DOur Green Year is becoming a national campaign.【要点综述】 本文是记叙文，主要讲一对夫妇在一年时间里
9、做不同支持环保的事情，保护环境和地球。60A主旨大意题。文章第一段提出本文主题“对我们来说，支持环保 (Going green)不是时尚而是生活方式”，所以选A。61D细节理解题。第二段第二句“这意味着做365件不同的环保事情”，说明他们困难的原因是需要做不同的环保任务，所以选D。62A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“我们完全改变了生活习惯”及倒数第二段剩下的内容可知选A。63B推理判断题。根据最后一段中描述“我们思想已经在改变，我们相信我们的确有能力改变，帮助这个星球”，说明这对夫妇将来还会继续他们的计划。C42012湖南卷 Still seeking a destination for
10、your weekend break? There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.Kings Art Centre A day at the Centre could mean a visit to an exhibition of the work of one of the most interesting contemporary artists on show anywhere. This weekend sees the opening of an exhibition of
11、 four local artists. You could attend a class teaching you how to learn from the masters or get more creative with paint free of charge. The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.The Botanic Garden The Garden has over 8,000 plant species; it holds the research and
12、teaching collection of living plants for Cambridge University. The multibranched Torch Aloe here is impressive. The African plant produces red flowers above bluegreen leaves, and is not one to miss. Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap t
13、hat feeds on insects and other small animals. The Garden is also a place for wildlifeenthusiasts. Look for grass snakes in the lake. A snake called Hissing Sid is regularly seen lying in the heat of the warm sun.Byrons Pool Many stories surround Lord Byrons time as a student of Cambridge University.
14、 Arriving in 1805, he wrote a letter complaining that it was a place of “mess and drunkenness”. However, it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough. Im not just talking about the pet bear he kept in his rooms. He spent a great deal of time walking in the village. It is al
15、so said that on occasion Byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake, which is now known as Byrons Pool. A couple of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside, the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields. The cries of invisible birds make the trip a lovel
16、y experience and on the way home you can drop into the village for afternoon tea. If you dont trust me, then perhaps youll take it from Virginia Woolfover a century after Byron, she reportedly took a trip to swim in the same pool.61. As mentioned in the passage, there is a small charge for _.Aattend
17、ing the masters class B.working with local artists Clearning life drawing Dseeing an exhibition62. “Torch Aloe” and “Venus Flytrap” are _. Acommon insects Bimpressive plants Crarelyseen snakes Dwildlifeenthusiasts63. We can infer from the passage that Byron seemed _. Ato fear pet bears Bto like walk
18、ing Cto be a heavy drinker Dto finish university in 180564. In the passage Byrons Pool is described as a lake_.A.surrounded by fields Bowned by Lord Byron Clocated in Grantchester Ddiscovered by Virginia Woolf65. What is the passage mainly about? ASome places for weekend break. BA way to become crea
19、tive in art. CThe colourful life in the countryside. DUnknown stories of Cambridge University.【要点综述】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了距离某大学较近的景点。61. C细节理解题。考查对文章特定细节的理解和判断能力。根据Kings Art Centre标题下的最后一段The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.可以推知，选项C符合文意。62. B细节理解题。考查对文章特定细节的理解和判断能力。根据T
20、he Botanic Garden标题下的第二段The multibranched Torch Aloe here is impressive. The African plant和该标题下的第三段的Get to the display housea plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap可以推知，选项B符合文意。 63. B推理判断题。考查对文章特定细节的推理判断能力。根据Byrons Pool标题下的第一段it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly He
21、 spent a great deal of time walking in the village. 可以推知，选项B符合文意。64. A细节理解题。考查对文章特定细节的理解和判断能力。根据Byrons Pool标题下的第二段the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields.可以推知，选项A符合文意。65. A主旨大意题。 考查对文章内容整体把握的能力。根据全文第一段可以推知，文章是推荐几个学校附近供周末休闲的地方，选项A符合文意。 A(2011浙江卷，A)One evening in February
22、2007, a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote road in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path. Thats when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her Rensult Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she watched the train dr
23、ag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks.Ceelys near_miss made the news because she blamed it on her GPS device (导航仪). She had never driven the route before. It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS, but it made no mention of the crossing. “I put my complete trust i
24、n the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train，” she told the BBC.Who is to blame here? Rick Stevenson, who tells Ceelys story in his book When Machines Fail Us, points the finger at the limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he says, but our digital help
25、ers are too often not up to the job. They are filled with small problems. And its not just GPS devices: Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless keyboards.The problem with his argument in the book is that its not clear why he only focuses
26、on digital technology, while there may be a number of other possible causes. A mapmaker might have left the crossing off a paper map. Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention. Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signalling system. Or maybe someone has studied the relati
27、ve dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the GPS equipment. But Stevenson doesnt say.Its a problem that runs through the book. In a section on cars, Stevenson gives an account of the advanced techniques that criminals use to defeat computerbased locking systems fo
28、r cars. He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft; both show a small rise in some parts of the country. He says that once again not all new locks have proved reliable. Perhaps, but maybe its also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets. Or changing social circumstances. Or some
29、combination of these factors.The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex. It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be a way for a wiser use of technology.If there is such a way, it should involve m
30、ore than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines. After all, we have lived with them for thousands of years. They have probably been fooling us for just as long.本文是议论文。讨论了人与现代科技的关系。1What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her accident?AShe was not familiar with the road.BIt was dar
31、k and raining heavily then.CThe railway workers failed to give the signal.DHer GPS device didnt tell her about the crossing.答案：D。细节理解题。根据文中所述“Ceely was relying on her GPS. But it made no mention of the crossing.I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding tra
32、in，she told the BBC.”可知，Ceely行驶中完全依赖导航仪， 显然Ceely认为出事故的原因是导航仪对于十字路口没有任何提示造成的。2The phrase “near miss” (Paragraph 2) can best be replaced by _.Aclose hit Bheavy lossCnarrow espace Dbig mistake答案：C。词义猜测题。根据上下文不难看出，在此near miss与narrow escape同义，意为“侥幸逃生”。3Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most pro
33、bably agree with?AModern technology is what we cant live without.BDigital technology often falls short of our expectation.CDigital devices are more reliable than they used to be.DGPS error is not the only cause for Ceelys accident.答案：B。推理判断题。A现代技术是我们的生活必备；B数字技术常常出乎的我们的意料；C数字仪器比以前更可靠了；D导航仪的失误不是Ceely出
34、事故的唯一原因。根据Rick Stevenson 所说We put our faith in digital devices, he says，but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job.不难看出，Rick Stevenson认为我们信赖的数字仪器常常不能胜任它的工作，显然B项正确。4In the writers opinion，Stevensons argument is _.Aonesided BreasonableCpuzzling Dwellbased答案：A。观点态度判断题。onesided片面的；偏于一方的 ；re
35、asonable合情合理的；puzzling令人困惑的；wellbased有事实依据的。在第四段中作者发表自己的观点，并且说But Stevenson doesnt say，显然A项正确。5What is the real concern of the writer of this article?AThe major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.BThe relationship between humans and technology.CThe shortcomings of digital devices we use.DThe
36、 human unawareness of technical problems.答案：B。主旨大意题。A交通事故和车辆盗窃事故的主要原因；B人类和技术的关系；C我们所用数字仪器的弊端；D人类没有意识到技术问题。通读全文可以看出B项正确。C72013山东卷 DSparrow is a fastfood chain with 200 restaurants. Some years ago, the group to which Sparrow belonged was taken over by another company. Although Sparrow showed no sign o
37、f declining, the chain was generally in an unhealthy state. With more and more fastfood concepts reaching the market, the Sparrow menu had to struggle for attention. And to make matters worse, its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.Sparrow failed to grow for another two years, u
38、ntil a new CEO, Carl Pearson, decided to build up its market share. He did a survey, which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain, while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them. Sparrow had to develop a new
39、promotional campaign. Pearson faced a battle over the future of the Sparrow brand. The chains owner now favored rebranding Sparrow as Marcys restaurants. Pearson resisted, arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun. Such an attempt
40、to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unusual for that time. Pearson strongly believed that numbers were the key to success, rather than customers spending power. Finally, the owner accepted his idea. The campaign itself changed the traditional advertising
41、 style of the fastfood industry. The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars. Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product, the intension was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.Pearson also made other decisio
42、ns which he believed would contribute to the new Sparrow image. For example, he offered to lower the rent of any restaurants which achieved a certain increase in their turnover (营业额)These efforts paid off, and Sparrow soon became one of the most successful fastfood chains in the regions where it ope
43、rated.71Which was one of the problems Sparrow faced before Pearson became CEO?A. The number of its customers was declining.B. Its customers found the food unhealthy.C. It was in need of financial support.D. Most of its restaurants were closed.72What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 ref
44、er to?ACustomers of Sparrow restaurants. BSparrow restaurants.CCustomers of other fastfood chains. DOther fastfood chains.73For what purpose did Pearson start the advertising campaign?ATo build a good relationship with the public.BTo stress the unusual tradition of Sparrow.CTo learn about customers
45、spending power.DTo meet the challenge from Marcys restaurants.74The TV ads of Sparrow _Achanged peoples views on pop starsBamused the public with original songsCfocused on the superiority of its productsDinfluenced the eating habits of the audience75What was Pearsons achievement as a CEO?AHe managed
46、 to pay off Sparrows debts.BHe made Sparrow much more competitive.CHe helped Sparrow take over a company.DHe improved the welfare of Sparrow employees.【要点综述】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍拥有200家餐馆的Sparrow连锁快餐店从衰退到重生的过程。Pearson为此作出了很大的贡献。71C考查细节理解。从第一段的“And to make matters worse, its new owner had no plans to give i
47、t the funds it required.”可知，新的管理者没有计划给予它所需要的资金。故选C。72D考查词义猜测。从本句的“which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain, while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them.”前后对比，them 是指other fastfood chains。故选D。73A考查细节理解。
48、从第三段的“Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unusual for that time.”可看出Pearson启动广告活动的目的是在公司与公众之间建立起一种积极的关系。故选A。74B考查细节理解。从第四段的“The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars.”和“the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.”可知，广告用原创的歌曲来娱乐公众，故选B。从“Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product”可知C项不正确。75B考查细节理解。从全文看Pearson为Sparrow连锁店起死回生作出了很大的贡献，连锁店又受到公众的喜爱，具有竞争力了。