1、2014高考英语阅读理解巩固练习（10）及答案阅读理解 If you walk slowly through downtown Helsinki during the day, taking in the splendid 19 th century buildings, white boats and noise of passing trams (有轨电车), you will start to understand why it is called a city of two colors: white and blue.The sea is always present in Hels
2、inki. When you take a walk over the great open space of the central square, you will hear seabirds screaming. When you take the tram, suddenly and unexpectedly, you are faced with a calm, shining blue sea. You may notice that people in Helsinki do not rush about as in other cities. Instead, they wal
3、k along the roads, politely letting other people by.A usual way to see Helsinki for the first time is to start out by the boats. You will walk by the elderly women selling fish and vegetables in the market square and find yourself in front of a beautiful park. You may enjoy a pleasant walk in the pa
4、rk for a few hours and then take the tram. Trams are the perfect way to get around in Helsinki. Watching the old houses, parks, theatres, churches, shops, restaurants and people in the streets, you may have a slightly sad film feeling to it.The pale summer nights are another wonder in the city. Foll
5、owing the waterfront（滨水区）of the city after sunset, you couldnt help stopping and listening to the sweet silence, interrupted only by the screaming seabirds and leaving fishing boats.However, in some way. Helsinki is also the most modern city in northern Europe. You will surely want to visit the whit
6、e Glass Palace, the modern art museum, and all those extremely popular cafes and design stores.5Helsinki is called a city of two colors mainly because of the colors of its _. A19th century white buildings and boatsB19th century buildings and passing trams Cwhite roads and blue trams Dold buildings,
7、boats and the sea6The best way to see most of Helsinki is to go _. Aby boat Bby bus Cby tram Don foot7The 19th century buildings, the white Glass Palace and all those popular cafes and design shops show that Helsinki is _. Aboth western and eastern Bboth quiet and noisy Cboth historical and modern D
8、both old and new8This passage is most likely to be found in _. Aa story-book Ba geography textbook Ca research report Da travel magazine 58、D CCD C72013辽宁卷 BGoing green seems to be a fad(时尚) for a lot of people these days.Whether that is good or bad, we cant really say, but for the two of us, going
9、green is not a fad but a lifestyle.On April 22，2011, we decided to go green every single day for an entire year.This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond the easy things.Rather than recycle and reduce our energy, we had to think of 365 di
10、fferent green things to do and this was no easy task.With the idea of going green every single day for a year, Our Green Year started.My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all the green things that could be done to help th
11、e environment.We wanted to push the message that every little bit helps.Over the course of Our Green Year, we completely changed our lifestyles.We now shop at organic(有机的) stores.We consume less meat, choosing green food.We have greatly reduced our buying we dont need.We have given away half of what
12、 we owned through websites.Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juice, with no chemical cleaners.We make our own butter, enjoying the smell of homemade fresh bread.In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished.Our minds have been changed by Our Green Year.We are g
13、rateful for the chance to have been able to go green and educate others.We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planet.60What might be the best title for the passage?AGoing GreenBProtecting the PlanetCKeeping OpenMindedDCelebrating Our Green Year61It was difficult for the
14、couple to live a green life for the whole year because _Athey were expected to follow the green fadBthey didnt know how to educate other peopleCthey were unwilling to reduce their energyDthey needed to perform unusual green tasks62What did the couple do over the course of Our Green Year?AThey tried
15、to get out of their ungreen habits.BThey ignored others ungreen behavior.CThey chose better chemical cleaners.DThey sold their homemade food.63What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThe government will give support to the green project.BThe couple may continue their project in the future.CSome p
16、eople disagree with the couples green ideas.DOur Green Year is becoming a national campaign.【要点综述】 本文是记叙文，主要讲一对夫妇在一年时间里做不同支持环保的事情，保护环境和地球。60A主旨大意题。文章第一段提出本文主题“对我们来说，支持环保 (Going green)不是时尚而是生活方式”，所以选A。61D细节理解题。第二段第二句“这意味着做365件不同的环保事情”，说明他们困难的原因是需要做不同的环保任务，所以选D。62A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“我们完全改变了生活习惯”及倒数第二段剩下
17、的内容可知选A。63B推理判断题。根据最后一段中描述“我们思想已经在改变，我们相信我们的确有能力改变，帮助这个星球”，说明这对夫妇将来还会继续他们的计划。 They wear the latest fashions with the most up-to-date accessories(配饰).Yet these are not girls in their teens or twenties but women in their sixties and seventies. A generation which would once only wear old-fashioned clot
18、hes is now favouring the same high street looks worn by those half their age.Professor Julia Twigg, a social policy expert , said ,“Women over 75 are now shopping for clothes more frequently than they did when they were young in the 1960s .In the 1960s buying a coat for a woman was a serious matter
19、. It was an expensive item that they would purchase only every three or four years now you can pick one up at the supermarket whenever you wish to .Fashion is a lot cheaper and people get tired of things more quickly . ”Professor Twigg analysed family expending（支出）data and found that while the perce
20、ntage of spending on clothes and shoes by women had stayed around the sameat 5 or 6 per cent of spendingthe amount of clothes bought had risen sharply.The professor said,“Clothes are now 70 per cent cheaper than they were in the 1960s because of the huge expansion of production in the Far East. In t
21、he 1960s Leeds was the heart of the British fashion industry and that was where most of the clothes came from, but now almost all of our clothes are sourced elsewhere. Everyone is buying more clothes but in general we are not spending more money on them.”Fashion designer Angela Barnard ,who runs her
22、 own fashion business in London ,said older women were much more affected by celebrity(名流) style than in previous years .She said ,“When people see stars such as Judi Dench and Helen Mirren looking attractive and fashionable in their sixties ,they want to follow them . Older women are much more awar
23、e of celebrities .Theres also the boom in TV programmes showing people how they can change their look, and many of my older customers do yoga to stay in shape well in their fifties . When I started my business a few years ago ,my older customers tended to be very rich, but now they are what I would
24、call ordinary women .My own mother is 61 and she wears the latest fashions in a way she would never have done ten years ago.”13. Professor Twigg found that ,compared with the 1960s,_.A. the price of clothes has generally fallen by 70% B. the spending on clothes has increased by 5% or 6%C. people spe
25、nd 30% less than they did on clothes D. the amount of clothes bought has risen by 5% or 6%14. What can we learn about old women in terms of fashion？A. They are often ignored by fashion designers . B. They are now more easily influenced by stars .C. They are regarded as pioneers in the latest fashion
26、 .D. They are more interested in clothes because of their old age .15. It can be concluded that old women tend to wear the latest fashions today mainly because A. they get tired of things more quickly B. TV shows teach them how to change their lookC. they are in much better shape now D. clothes are
27、much cheaper than before 16. Which is the best possible title of the passage ?A. Age Is No Barrier for Fashion Fans . B. The More Fashionable ,the Less Expensive.C. Unexpected Changes in Fashion. D. Boom of the British Fashion Industry.D)ABDA Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only
28、 one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of correct answers. That question is “Whats your name?” Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.Have you ever wondered about peoples names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?Peoples first names, or given nam
29、es, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.Some people give their children names that mean good
30、 things. Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪)；someone who was called Longs
31、treet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.Other early surnames came from peoples occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important wo
32、rkers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter a person who made pots and pans.The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenters great-great-great-grandfather proba
33、bly built houses and furniture. Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was very tall could call him
34、self John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.Some family names were made by adding something to the fathers name. English-speaking people added s or son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts familys ancesto
35、r was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the ODonnells are descendants of the same Donnell.17. Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover? A. Places where people lived. B. Peoples characters.C. Ta
36、lents that people possessed. D. Peoples occupations.18. According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _.A. owned or drove a cart B. made things with metalsC. made kitchen tools or contains D. built houses and furniture19. Suppose and English couple whose ancestors lived
37、near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _.A. Beatrice Smith B. Leonard Carter C. George Longstreet D. Donald Greenwood20. The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a persons _. A. later generations B. friends and relatives C
38、. colleagues and partners D. later sponsorsE)BCDAC72013山东卷 DSparrow is a fastfood chain with 200 restaurants. Some years ago, the group to which Sparrow belonged was taken over by another company. Although Sparrow showed no sign of declining, the chain was generally in an unhealthy state. With more
39、and more fastfood concepts reaching the market, the Sparrow menu had to struggle for attention. And to make matters worse, its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.Sparrow failed to grow for another two years, until a new CEO, Carl Pearson, decided to build up its market share. He
40、 did a survey, which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain, while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them. Sparrow had to develop a new promotional campaign. Pearson faced a battle over the future of the Sp
41、arrow brand. The chains owner now favored rebranding Sparrow as Marcys restaurants. Pearson resisted, arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun. Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general
42、 public was unusual for that time. Pearson strongly believed that numbers were the key to success, rather than customers spending power. Finally, the owner accepted his idea. The campaign itself changed the traditional advertising style of the fastfood industry. The TV ads of Sparrow focused on ente
43、rtainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars. Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product, the intension was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.Pearson also made other decisions which he believed would contribute to the new Sparrow image. For ex
44、ample, he offered to lower the rent of any restaurants which achieved a certain increase in their turnover (营业额)These efforts paid off, and Sparrow soon became one of the most successful fastfood chains in the regions where it operated.71Which was one of the problems Sparrow faced before Pearson bec
45、ame CEO?A. The number of its customers was declining.B. Its customers found the food unhealthy.C. It was in need of financial support.D. Most of its restaurants were closed.72What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?ACustomers of Sparrow restaurants. BSparrow restaurants.CCustome
46、rs of other fastfood chains. DOther fastfood chains.73For what purpose did Pearson start the advertising campaign?ATo build a good relationship with the public.BTo stress the unusual tradition of Sparrow.CTo learn about customers spending power.DTo meet the challenge from Marcys restaurants.74The TV
47、 ads of Sparrow _Achanged peoples views on pop starsBamused the public with original songsCfocused on the superiority of its productsDinfluenced the eating habits of the audience75What was Pearsons achievement as a CEO?AHe managed to pay off Sparrows debts.BHe made Sparrow much more competitive.CHe
48、helped Sparrow take over a company.DHe improved the welfare of Sparrow employees.【要点综述】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍拥有200家餐馆的Sparrow连锁快餐店从衰退到重生的过程。Pearson为此作出了很大的贡献。71C考查细节理解。从第一段的“And to make matters worse, its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.”可知，新的管理者没有计划给予它所需要的资金。故选C。72D考查词义猜测。从本句的“whic
49、h showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain, while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them.”前后对比，them 是指other fastfood chains。故选D。73A考查细节理解。从第三段的“Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a c
50、ompany and the general public was unusual for that time.”可看出Pearson启动广告活动的目的是在公司与公众之间建立起一种积极的关系。故选A。74B考查细节理解。从第四段的“The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars.”和“the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.”可知，广告用原创的歌曲来娱乐公众，故选B。从“Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product”可知C项不正确。75B考查细节理解。从全文看Pearson为Sparrow连锁店起死回生作出了很大的贡献，连锁店又受到公众的喜爱，具有竞争力了。