1、2013届（2012学年）上海市高三英语一模十选九（长宁）A. advance B. similarC. destructionD. ceaseE. increaseF. definedG. approachesH. miserableI. populatedJ. shiftsPeople rarely feel as helpless as they do when attacked by the threat of severe storms. There is nothing that can prevent a hurricane (飓风) or tornado from causin
2、g destruction if it reaches a 41 area. History offers numerous examples of storms that have destroyed large numbers of homes and killed many people. But today things are not as 42 as they were in the past. By studying the conditions that cause storms, weather forecasters are better able to predict t
3、hem and give people in their paths the warning needed in 43 to keep away from tragedy.A storm is 44 as a sudden, extreme change in the normal conditions of Earths atmosphere. Examples include a large flood of moisture (湿气) or a sharp increase in wind speed. These types of 45 are generally caused by
4、a dramatic change in air pressure. In fact, air pressure often affects weather more than any other factors. Hurricanes are somewhat 46 to tornadoes because both produce atmospheric vortices. Vortices are cone-shaped depression (低气压) of high-speed winds that can cause a large lot of 47 if they touch
5、the ground. When a storm 48 shore, it brings not only fierce winds but also large amounts of ocean water. Storms require moisture to exist, so they quickly 49 over land. As the storm dies, it creates large thunderclouds that can cause heavy rain, thunder, lightning, and flooding. Tornadoes can also
6、form from the breakup of storms and are often one of their most dangerous consequences. 4145IHAFJ4649BCGD（闸北）A. consequentlyB. divorcedC. servingD. imaginaryE. hitF. evilg. secretH. gainedi. honoursJ. inspiredThe popularity of the fantasy novels Harry Potter and the great success of the Potter movie
7、 series have aroused Potter fans craze about the author Joanne Kathleen Rowling. Rowling started writing after graduating with _41_ . Nonetheless, this was not supposed to be her main job, as she was already working as a secretary. She found her job rather boring and was frequently absent-minded, as
8、 she was always taking notes for sudden ideas for future stories. She was fired _42_ and went from one job to another. Finally, a trip by train _43_ her to produce a story about a young wizard (巫师）born with responsibilities to fight 44 forces. Unfortunately, her idea could not be developed due to he
9、r mothers sudden death. Shocked and depressed, Rowling left Britain. When she returned, she was already a _45_ single mother with a little daughter. in spite of all the frustrations in life, she managed to put her _46_ story to the point. Harry Potter was published and became a(n) _47_ in no time. T
10、he Potter books have _48_ worldwide applause, won multiple awards, and have been the basis for a popular series of films, in which Rowling had overall approval on the scripts (脚本）and maintained creative control at the same time by _49_ As a producer in the films. It is through Harry Potter that Rowl
11、ing has led a rags to riches reality show, where she progressed from living on social security to multi-millionaire status.4145 IAJFB 4649 DEHC（杨浦）A. emphasize B. misunderstanding C. reflect D. referred E. privacy F. attached G. occurring H. oppose I. civilization J. concerning The most difficult pa
12、rt of a Western-Chinese marriage is the cultural differences. The traditional Chinese culture is established on the Confucian philosophy, while the western culture is based on ancient Greek _41_. Cultural differences exist in almost every aspect and therefore _42_ also on relationships and marriage.
13、 From the traditional Chinese point of view, marriage is a relationship _43_ many aspects such as family, friends and relatives, while from the Western point of view, marriage is a contract signed between two people that is based on trust and love. Furthermore, Westerners marriages _44_ more the ind
14、ependence and _45_ of the couple.That is why Westerners sometimes cannot understand why we Chinese need to support our relatives if we are asked to do so. Chinese need to maintain their “face” and “relations”. Even in a relationship, we are somehow still _46_ to our family and relatives. Our partner
15、 has to understand it and at least does not _47_ it. It is not easy to maintain Chinese-Western relationship. Cultural differences may result in _48_. Young Asian ladies are fond of western men because they believe they are more gentlemanly and in addition their appearances are more attractive. West
16、ern men may think Chinese ladies are gentler and more feminine. My suggestion for the cross-culture relationship is always trying to put yourself in others shoes: accepting rather than changing; always respecting your partner but clarifying your own red lines; showing your interest in his/her differ
17、ent culture and carefully commenting on it and so on. There are more and more cross-culture marriages _49_ recently. I would like to take this chance to sincerely wish them the very best in their love journeys. 4145 ICJAE 4649 FHBG （徐汇）A. considerationB. originallyC.involvementD. finalized E. sponso
18、redF.increaseG. balancedH. representI. proceedJ. includedThe Man Booker Prize for Fiction is awarded every year for a novel written by a writer from the Commonwealth or the Republic of Ireland and it aims to _(41)_ the very best in contemporary fiction. The prize was _(42)_ called the Booker-McConne
19、ll Prize, which was the name of the company that _(43)_ it, though it was better-known as simply the Booker Prize. In 2002, the Man Group became the sponsor and they chose the new name, keeping Booker.Publishers cansubmit（提交）books for _(44)_ for the prize, but the judges can also ask for books to be
20、 submitted they think should be _(45)_. Firstly, the Advisory Committee give advice if there have been any changes to the rules for the prize and selects the people who will judge the books. Thejudging panel（评审团）changes every year and usually a person is only a judge once.Great efforts are made to e
21、nsure that the judging panel is _(46)_ in terms of gender and professions within the industry, so that a writer, a critic, an editor and an academic are chosen along with a well-known person from wider society. However, when the panel of judges has been _(47)_, they are left to make their own decisi
22、ons without any further _(48)_ orinterference from the prize sponsor.The Man Booker judges include critics, writers and academics to maintain theconsistent（始终如一的）quality of the prize and its influence is such that the winner will almost certainly see the sales _(49)_ considerably, in addition to the
23、 50,000 that comes with the prize.41. H42. B43. E44. A 45. J46. G47. D48. C 49. F（松江）A. termsB. competingC. attractedD. especiallyE. registeredF. applicationsG. fortunatelyH. mechanicsI. markingJ. remarkableA stable post in government offices is what thousands of millions of well-educated young peop
24、le have been DYING for. This year, a total of 1.5 million people _41_ for the national civil servant examination in China, _42_ another impressive record in the number of young people _43_ for government jobs, often with odds of hundreds to one. In the northeastern city of Harbin, for example, 440 o
25、penings for drivers, _44_ and cleaners in the municipal public sanitation service drew More than 7,000 _45_ from young people under 30 and almost half of them were college graduates.The _46_ shift in young peoples job preferences in recent years has analysts and educators worried. Many applicants ar
26、e _47_ to the stability of government jobs in a time of increasing economic uncertainty, but some experts say that young people, _48_ recent college graduates, should be more adventurous and entrepreneurial. They should beware of settling down into comfortable government jobs that offer little in _4
27、9_ of career progression or personal growth.4145 EIBHF4649 JCDA（青浦）A. generous B. statistics C. buildingD. chanceE. additionF. contributeG. annoyingH. current I. furtherJ. structureAttracting donations is a chief concern for nonprofit organizations and projects. An effective, professional donation-r
28、equest letter is a necessary tool for fund-raising. Researching possible donors and41a database of names and organizations is one key to success, but the ability to write a donation-request letter has an even greater impact on successful fund-raising. The following are some tips/instructions.Researc
29、h potential donors via the Internet. Research small companies in42to large foundations. Sometimes a small local company will assist you in reaching your goal. A simple appeal to a public-spirited local firm may inspire a surprisingly43donation.Find the appropriate contact person. Address your letter
30、 to a real person who is in a position to entitle a donation. Beginning your letter with “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear Country Market” stands little44 of attracting the attention of the right staff member.And then,45 the letter properly. Begin your letter with a vivid and readable description of
31、 your organizations work, and highlight a recent success story. Continue with a few general46 to impress the contact person with your organizations efficiency and effectiveness. Next, describe in full the47 project or effort for which a donation is needed and who will benefit. Include all contact in
32、formation, including telephone, fax and email, and end by inviting the person to contact you if any48 information is needed. Finally, hand on the letter to colleagues for proofreading and suggestions.Keep careful records of donations and send thank-you letters. Donors often are willing to49 again if
33、 they are shown how their contribution was put to use. Follow-up letters can assist in this effort.Section B4149CE A D J B H I F（普陀）A. complicated B. seldom C. aimed D. dangerous E. changeF. relative G. simple H. quality I. inexperienced J. ignoreThere are more than almost two million cars on the st
34、reets of Shanghai. Thats not a big number _41_ to the citys population of 23 million, but everyone agrees that traffic is a big problem here. And many people would argue that its not the number of cars on the road, but the _42_ of the drivers that is the main cause of concern. According to one surve
35、y, 37% of Shanghai drivers have less than three years of driving experience. Many of these drivers are middle-aged and have never operated machinery more _43_ than a washing machine. On the road, they drive fast when they should drive slow, _44_ use turn signals, and make right turns on red lights w
36、ithout stopping first. And in the past year, there have been several incidents that resulted in pedestrian deaths when _45_ drivers mistook the gas pedal for the brake (刹车)pedal.There are new regulations _46_ at making it more difficult for people to get a drivers license, but that is only a partial
37、 solution to Shanghais traffic problems. What is really needed is a _47_ in drivers attitudes. There seems to be a lack of concern for safety on the part of drivers: their own safety and the safety of others. You can see this every day as drivers change lanes aggressively and _48_ pedestrians at cro
38、sswalks and intersections.A car is a great convenience, but it can also be a _49_ weapon. Drivers will have to realize that before Shanghais streets can become truly safe. 41-49 FHABICEJD（浦东）A. inappropriateB. question C. inexperiencedD. changes E. trendsF. job-relatedG. assess H. dissatisfactionI.
39、profession J. occursNursing, as a typically female profession, must deal constantly with the false impression that nurses are there to wait on the position. As nurses, we are licensed to provide nursing care only. We do not have any legal or moral obligation to any physician. We provide health teach
40、ing, _41_ physical as well as emotional problems, coordinate patient-related services and make all of our nursing decisions based upon what is best or suitable for the patient. If, in any circumstance, we feel that the physicians order is _42_ or unsafe, we have a legal responsibility to _43_that or
41、der or refuse to carry it out. Nursing is not a nine-to-five job with every weekend off. All nurses are aware of that before they enter the _44_. The emotional and physical stress, however, which _45_ due to hard working hours is a prime reason for a lot of the career _46_. It is sometimes required
42、that we work overtime and that we change shifts four or five times a month. That disturbs our personal lives, disrupts our sleeping and eating habits, and isolates us from everything except _47_ friends and activities. The quality of nursing care is being affected dramatically by these situations. M
43、ost hospitals are now staffed by new graduates as experienced nurses finally give up trying to change the system. Consumers of medically-related services have evidently not been affected enough yet to demand _48_ in our medical system. But if _49_ continue as predicted, they will find that most crit
44、ical hospital care will be provided by new, inexperienced and sometimes inadequately-trained nurses.4149. GABIJ HFDE（闵行）A.blamedB.predictedC.demandingD.measuresE.improveF.influencesG.extinctH.similarI.loseJ.consequencesThe next generation may lose the opportunity to swim over coral reefs (珊瑚礁) or ea
45、tcertain species of fish, scientists have warned, as the worlds oceans move into a stage ofwidespread extinction because of human41such as overfishing and climatechange.A report from an international group of marine experts said that the condition of the worlds seas was worsening more quickly than h
46、ad been42. The scientists, who gathered at Oxford University, warned that we would43the whole ecosystems, such as coral reefs in a generation. Already the number of fish is dropping, leading to risk of rising food prices and even starvation in some parts of the world.The experts44the increased amoun
47、t of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere for pushing up ocean temperature, the increased algae (海藻) concentration in the water, which made the water have less oxygen. The conditions are45to every previous mass extinction event in the Earths history.Dr Alex Rogers, scientific director of the Internation
48、al Programme on the State of the Ocean said the next generation would suffer if species are allowed to go46. “As we considered the cumulative (积累的) effect of what humankind had done to the ocean were farworse than we had individually realized,” he said. “This is a very serious situation47quick and e
49、ffective action at every level. We are looking at48for humankind that will influence in our lifetime and, worse, our childrens and generations beyond that.”The marine scientists called for a range of urgent49to cut carbon emissions (排放),reduceoverfishing, create protected areas in the seas and cut p
50、ollution.4145 FBIAH 4649 GCJD（静安）A. campaignB. noted C. focusD. carefulE. releasedF. fallG. trendH. deadI. majorJ. extendedWASHINGTON (Reuters) The U.S. unemployment rate probably rose in October as employers stepped up hiring only slightly, underscoring President Barack Obamas vulnerability in next
51、 weeks presidential election.Employers likely added 125,000 jobs to their payrolls last month, according to a Reuters survey of economists. That would be up from 114,000 in September, but would 41 short of what is needed to quickly cut the jobless rate.Indeed, economists expect the unemployment rate
52、 a key 42 in the neck-and-neck race for the White House to tick up by a tenth of a percentage point to 7.9 percent, reversing part of a surprise drop seen in September.The Labor Departments closely watched report, which will be 43 at 8:30 a.m. (12:30 GMT) on Friday, will be the last 44 report card o
53、n the economy before Tuesdays presidential election, which pits (使竞争）President Obama against Republican Mitt Romney.If economists are right, it will show the eighth straight month of dull job growth, a worrisome 45 that would likely reinforce the Federal Reserves resolve to keep easy money policies
54、in place until the economy shows more vigor.The weakness in overall economic growth momentum has 46 into the last quarter of the year, said Millan Mulraine, an economist at TD Securities in New York.Romney has made the nations feeble jobs market, which has caused Obama a lot of trouble since he took
55、 office in 2009, the centerpiece of his 47 . The last Reuters/Ipsos daily tracking poll showed Obama and Romney in a 48 heat.Still, the report could provide fodder for both candidates. Some economists have 49 an increase in the jobless rate might have a silver lining if it is driven by Americans pou
56、ring into the labor market to restart job hunts.4145 FCEIG4649 JAHB（金山）A. desperationB. authoritiesC. diligentlyD. confusionE. enrolledF. violentlyG. financialH. conclusioni. devotedJ. graduationSeventeen years ago, when I was in military college, I was known as the worrying wreck from Virginia Tech
57、. I worried so 41 that I often became ill. In _42_ , I poured out my troubles to Professor Baird, professor of business administration. The fifteen minutes that I spent with Professor Baird did more for my health and happiness than all the rest of the four years i spent in college. “Jim,” he said, y
58、ou ought to sit down and face the facts. If you _43_ half as much time and energy to solving your problems as you do to worrying about them, you wouldnt have any worries.”I figured that i had failed physics because I had no interest in the subject. But now I changed my attitude. I said to myself: “I
59、f the college _44_ demand that I pass my physics examination before I obtain a degree, who am i to question their wisdom?”So I _45_ for physics again. This time I passed because instead of wasting my time in worrying about how hard it was, i studied _46_ .I solved my _47_ worries by taking on some a
60、dditional jobs, such as selling punch at the college dances, and by borrowing money from my father, which i paid back soon after _48_ .As I look back at it now, I can see that My problem was one of _49_ , a lack of willingness to find the causes of my worry and face them realistically.41-49 FAIBE CG
61、JD （嘉定）A. losing B. influence C. original D. identified E. futureF. regularly G. attracted H. convincing I. carefully J. processSome people are happy to believe in ESP (超感官知觉) while others are firm disbelievers.Parapsychologists (灵学专家), who lend a certain seriousness to the subject, have 41 four typ
62、es of ESP: One type called clairvoyance describes the act of being able to obtain knowledge of a person or event without the use of the normal senses; Another type, telepathy, is the 42 by which a person is able to read another persons thoughts without the use of any of the normal senses; Still anot
63、her type, psychogenesis, is the ability to 43 a physical object just by thinking about it; The last type, precognition, is the term applied when somebody is able to foresee 44 events.Over the years there have been many ESP experiments conducted by serious scientists in serious institutions. Joseph B
64、anks Rhine, a botanist at Duke University published a famous book in 1934 called Extra-Sensory Perception in which he claimed to have overwhelming（压倒的）evidence of ESP. However, other scientists have been unable to repeat his results exactly in the same way, which has resulted in the book 45 much of
65、its original reliability.The Granzfield experiments are considered to have been the most 46 examined ESP experiments. The experimenters had their eyes covered and ears blocked while a sender attempted to transmit messages. Later the experimenters would compare the messages received to the 47 message
66、s sent out. There was a great deal of excitement and interest at the time but the research failed to produce 48 results.Human beings are 49 to the supernatural phenomena. ESP will always continue to fascinate human beings. Some of the most successful films in recent years have fuelled interest among
67、 the younger generations who are starting to ask the same questions and to look for explanations for the same phenomena as their parents and grandparents before them. Who knows? One day we might just find these answers because one thing is certain, “The truth is out there!41-49 D J B E A I C H G（黄浦）
68、A. energeticB. tryingC. establishedD. releasedE. originatedF. consumeG. enjoyingH. fashionableI. produceJ. discoveredSome people cannot imagine starting the day without a cup of coffee. From the most _41_ cafes of Paris to the breakfast stands lining the streets of Taipei, coffee has firmly _42_ its
69、elf as one of the worlds favourite beverages. For such a well-loved drink, however, few people are aware of its curious origins. As a legend goes, coffee berries were first _43_ in 850 by an Ethiopian goat herder who noticed his goats were much livelier after having eaten the red berries of a local
70、bush. After _44_ the berries himself, the goat herder felt much more _45_ than usual. The news about the wonderful berry was _46_ quickly, and soon monks were looking on it as an elixir（仙丹妙药） and eating it to help stay awake during evening prayers.Although coffee _47_ on the plateaus of Ethiopia, it
71、 was the Arabs who first cultivated it around 1100. They were also the first people to roast it and boil it. By 1475, people in Constantinople were _48_ a cup of coffee in the worlds first coffee shop. Coffee spread to Europe around 1600 and to the New World seven years later. These days, it seems y
72、ou can get a cup of coffee just about everywhere you go. Every year, coffee lovers _49_ more than 400 billion cups of coffee and make it one of the worlds biggest commoditiessecond only to oil. 4145 HCJBA4649DEGF（虹口）A. based B. schedule C. individual D. determined E. achieving F. ambitious G. succes
73、s H. studying I. marvel J. smarterThe Secret of SuccessThe secret of success is that there is no secret. Some people succeed because they are just _41_ than other people. Some people succeed because they just work harder than other people. And some people succeed because they are just plain lucky.Ma
74、 Donghan is a student at Tsinghua University who is _42_ to be successful and shes not going to leave it to luck. Ma is obviously smart because shes a student at the best university in China, but her plan for success is _43_ on the old fashion value of hard work. You can see that by the weekly sched
75、ule shes set up for herself which was recently posted online. Every hour of every day is accounted for. There is her classroom _44_, of course, but then blocks of time are set aside for _45_ each subject and also for a few activities like playing sports. There are no hours set aside for just relaxin
76、g and there are only five hours allotted (分配) each night for sleeping. She has set a very _46_, almost punishing schedule for herself, but it seems to be working.Other students _47_ at Mas diligence and discipline but doubt that they could achieve the same level of success. Perhaps not, but Ma is ob
77、viously a unique and special _48_. She has set high goals, made a plan to achieve those goals, and worked hard to keep to her plan. This is what other students can learn from Ma.In school, as in life, _49_ is never guaranteed and not everyone will find him or herself at the top of the pyramid. The i
78、mportant thing to remember is that having a plan and working hard to stay with the plan will bring you a level of success that just being smart and lucky cannot.41-49: J D A B H FICG（奉贤）A. speciesB. concernedC. extensionD. barelyE. incrediblyF. monitoredG. introducedH. survivalI. seriouslyJ. extinct
79、ionThey may be so small that they can crawl along the edge of a coin, but the endangered status of the Partula gibba snails means soon they may not be visible at all. The critically endangered snail, which is _41_ bigger than a pin head at birth, is facing _42_ after a failed farming experiment almo
80、st wiped out its number in its native Pacific islands. When the predatory (食肉的）rosy wolf-snail from Florida was _43_ to the islands in 1974 in an attempt to control land snail numbers, it instead fed on tree snails, including the tiny Partula gibba ones.Now British conservationists are battling to s
81、ave the tiny creature. Marwell Zoo in Hampshire, England is home to 123 of the worlds remaining 306 Partula gibba snails.This year, the zoo will release some of the snails into reserves on the Pacific islands. The snails will then be closely _44_ until they are released into the wild to look after t
82、hemselves.Snail keeper Geoff Read at Marwell Zoo is deeply _45_ about the fate of the snails. im looking at a(n) _46_ dying in front of me and to think these snails could become extinct in my lifetime is _47_ sad, he said.I know they are only snails, and i hate to say that, BUT because they are not
83、cute (可爱的） and fluffy (毛茸茸的)，people do not seem to care. These animals are rare. added the keeper, who called for responsibility to be taken very _48_. ”But there seems to be some good news. The International Partula Conservation programme has plans to reintroduce the snails into the wild, so there
84、could be hope for the future. There home there is like a bio-security room and the environment is key to their _49_ .4145 DJGFB4649 AEIH（宝山）A. majority B. involving C. association D. visible E. wearing F. distraction G. attentively H. fatal I. specifically J. needed People who wear headphones might
85、want to throw them away while walking outside. A study finds that accidents involving walkers 41 the devices have increased three times in recent years.Researchers combed several sources to find incidents in the U.S. of crashes 42 walkers and vehicles from 2004 to 2011. Searching the National Injury
86、 Surveillance System, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Google News archives and Westlaw Campus Research, they found 116 cases of death or injury involving walkers wearing headphones. Cases in which people were using mobile phones (including hands-free devices) were not included.Over the
87、years the number of cases increased, from 16 in 2004 and 2005 to 47 in 2010 and 2011. The victims average age was 21, and most (68 percent) were male. The 43 ( 67percent ) were under the age of 30. Most (55 percent) were hit by trains, and 70 percent of the crashes, most of which were in urban areas
88、, were 44 .In 74 percent of the cases, police or eyewitness reports said the walker had headphones on when hit. And 29 percent of reports made mention of horns or warning bells going off before the crash.The study authors pointed to two likely causes that may be a factor in what they call “the possi
89、ble 45 between headphone use and walker injury”: sensory deprivation（感官剥夺） and 46 . The latter is more 47 called “inattentional blindness,” referring to the use of electronic devices and how they decrease attention to things going on around us.Hearing whats going on in the environment, they point ou
90、t, could be more important than 48 clues for walkers. But the authors add that this study doesnt show cause or relationship of headphone use and walker risk, and other factors could have been involved in the accidents, such as walkers being intoxicated（陶醉）or drivers being at fault.More comprehensive information on such accidents is 49 , the researchers said, to see which groups of people may be most at risk.4145 E B A H C 4649 F I D J
