1、2014高考英语阅读理解基础训练极品题（17）及答案阅读理解-Yao Yunchun, a 24-year-old author who frequently shops online in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, has never been so impatient for her parcels as she is now. She has been counting every day while she waits for the products she ordered to arrive, as many deliveries have been
2、 delayed over the past month.“It took more than a week for one of my parcels to arrive from Beijing while, in the past, it took only four days,”said Yao.She is just one of the many who like shopping on T, the countrys largest online shopping site, which has posted apologetic announcements to custome
3、rs for the delays in deliveries.“Many parcels are still at the airport and cannot be delivered on time, but I think I will do my best.”Taobao clothes retailer(零售商) IM Shop said on its website. Meanwhile, major express delivery companies in China have put up notices saying they are ready to cope with
4、 the delay in recent days.“It was mainly caused by a big increase in online shopping orders because of discounts offered by e-commerce companies,”said Chen Shousong, an analyst with domestic research company Analysis International.Taobao Mall, the countrys largest business-to-customer shopping site
5、by market share, for example, rolled out a large-scale discount on November 11 in which 150 brands sold their products at half price. The discount attracted the attention of many e-shopping enthusiasts who spent 936 million yuan( $ 142 million) in just one day. The recent shortage of diesel oil, whi
6、ch restricts delivery vehicles capacity, and bad weather conditions in North China, also added to an already overloaded express delivery market.Bottlenecks in delivery often appear before long holidays, such as the coming Christmas and New Year holidays and the Chinese traditional Spring Festival ho
7、liday. Delivery employees often quit their jobs at that time when faced with lots of work and low pay. So some express delivery companies are applying to build their own teams, even airlines.64. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Waiting for the Postman Impatiently B. Shopp
8、ing on T Conveniently C. Arguing with Retailers Online Heatedly D. Suffering from Large-scale Discounts65. Why were many deliveries delayed last month? A. The airport didnt perform their duty properly. B. Some customers didnt pay enough money. C. Sales volume in online shopping goes up rapidly. D. D
9、elivery companies are short of vehicles.【答案】C【解析】根据第三段It was mainly caused by a big increase in online shopping orders because of discounts offered by e-commerce companies,送货慢的原因是意为商家打折，网上订单剧增造成的，可知 C为正确答案。【考点定位】考查细节理解能力。66.The underlined word“enthusiasts”has the same meaning with . A. retailers B.
10、customers C. providers D. owners67. What would be continued with the passage? A. To attract more new delivery employees. B. To call off the holiday for the Spring Festival. C. To stop online shopping before holidays. D. To build e-commerce companies own delivery teams.【答案】D【解析】由文段最后一句一些快递公司正在创建自己的团队
11、和航线可知，接下来文章就应该讲网络商建立自己的快递团队，故D为正确答案。【考点定位】考查作者写作思路推理的能力。阅读理解-C(2013太原市二模，B)MARCH 05, 2013TOKYO (AFP)A father froze to death while sheltering his nineyearold daughter from severe weekend snowstorms that swept northern Japan. Mikio Okada, one of at least nine people killed as snowstorms swept across H
12、okkaido (北海道), died as he tried to protect his only child Natsune against winds of up to 109 kilometers per hour in Yubetsu, Hokkaido, as temperatures fell sharply to minus 6 degrees centigrade.Okadas body was uncovered by rescuers looking for the pair after relatives raised the alarm. Natsune was w
13、earing her fathers jacket and was wrapped in his arms. The pair had last been heard from at 4 p. m. on Saturday, after fisherman Okada picked his daughter up from a school where she was being looked after while he was at work. Okada called his relatives to say his truck had become stuck in the drivi
14、ng snow, which was several meters deep in places. He told them he and Natsune would walk the remaining kilometre. The two were found just 300 meters from the truck at 7 am. on Sunday.Okada had his body bent over his daughter, gently holding her in his arms and apparently using his body and a warehou
15、se wall to provide shelter. The small girl was taken to hospital, where she was found to have no serious injuries. Her father was officially pronounced dead by doctors at the same hospital.The newspaper Yomiuri said Natsunes mother had died of illness two years earlier. The paper quoted neighbors as
16、 saying Okada had been an extremely caring father who would often delay the start of his working day to enjoy breakfast with his daughter.His death came as families all over Japan celebrated Girls Day, a festival in which they gather at home and decorate houses with dolls. “He reserved a cake for hi
17、s only daughter and was looking forward to celebrating Dolls Festival together，” a neighbor told the Yomiuri.文章大意：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在日本发生的一场暴风雪，父亲为了保护女儿被冻死的感人故事。8When the disaster happened, the father and daughter were _.Areturning home after visiting relativesBjust 300 meters away from homeCdriving ho
18、me after a visit to a hospitalDon their way home from the girls school答案：D细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三、四句“. after fisherman Okada picked his daughter up from a school. his truck had become stuck in the driving snow.”可知，D项正确。9Which of the following doesnt show the fathers love for his daughter?AOkada called his r
19、elatives to say his truck had become stuck.BOkada had his body bent over his daughter.COkada had been looking forward to Dolls Festival.DNatsune was wearing her fathers jacket.答案：A细节理解题。文章第二段第四句“Okada called his relatives to say his truck had become stuck in the driving snow.”只是在陈述一个事实，并不能显示父女情深。故A项
20、正确。本题可用排除法。10What can we infer from the passage?AThe relatives were not careful enough and raised the alarm too late.BNo one cared for Natsune at home while her dad was at work.CThe rescuers delay resulted in the avoidable death.DOkada had just celebrated Girls Day with his daughter before he died.答
21、案：B推理判断题。根据文章第二段第三句“. where she was being looked after while he was at work”可推知，在Okada上班时，没有人照顾女儿。故B项正确。11Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A9yearold girl made orphan in snowstormBSnowstorm takes away 9yearold girls fatherCFather dies sheltering daughter from snowstormDJ
22、apanese dad dies in snowstorm答案：C标题概括题。根据文章第一段第一句及对文章的整体描述可知，C项做标题最恰当。阅读理解-D(2013太原市二模，C)Facebook has been tricking people into using its socalled “fun, free service”. Users, however, are actually paying an unconscious high pricethe leak of their personal information. Facebook then attempts to make
23、money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.Most Facebook users dont realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what theyre paying for Facebook because people dont really know what their personal data is worth.Th
24、e biggest problem is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you could keep everything private. That was the great thing about Facebookyou could create your own little private network. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules so that many thingsyour city, your photo, your friend
25、s nameswere set to be shared with everyone on the Internet.According to Facebooks vicepresident Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people dont share information, they have a “less satisfying experience”Some critics think this is more about Facebook lo
26、oking to make more money. Its original business model, which involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the pages, was a total failure. Who wants to look at ads when theyre online connecting with their friends?The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In Apr
27、il, Senator Charles Sehumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for socialnetworking sites.Whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, its only the beginning, and that is why Im considering closing my account. Fac
28、ebook is a handy site, but Im upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I dont trust. Thats too high a price to pay.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。Facebook是一个世界上很受欢迎的免费社交网站，然而其用户的个人信息却在不知不觉中被运营商出卖并滥用。本文对此进行了讨论。12According to the passage, the majority of Facebook users are unconscious that Faceb
29、ook _.Amakes big financial gain by selling their personal dataBmakes its free service possible by selling ad spaceCprofits by sending targeted messagesDprofits by offering personal information to its users答案：A细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二、三句“Users, however, are actually paying an unconscious high pricethe leak of
30、 their personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers.”可知，A项正确。13What can be learned from the passage?AFacebook rule changes are indeed meant for the good of users.BWith its trick exposed, Facebook will see its users reduced sharply.CThe original busi
31、ness model did not bring Facebook the desired benefits.DFew Facebook users care about the leak of their personal information.答案：C推理判断题。根据文章第五段第二句“Its original business model, which involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the pages, was a total failure.”可推知，C项正确。14Which of the following
32、is true according to the last two paragraphs?AThe writer and Senator Schumer disagree sharply on this issue.BFacebooks privacy policy has the support of the government.CSocialnetworking sites like Facebook are under strict state control.DSenator Schumer is not satisfied with Facebooks privacy policy
33、.答案：D推理判断题。根据文章第六段第一句“The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington.”和倒数第二段中Senator Charles Schumer的呼吁可推知，D项正确。15Why does the author plan to close his Facebook account?ATo escape Facebooks membership fee.BTo avoid his personal data being abused.CTo protect the safety of hi
34、s bank account.DTo support Senator Schumers call.答案：B细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二句“. but Im upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I dont trust”可推知，B项正确。阅读理解-DA food additive is any substance that is added to food. Many people are put off by the idea of“chemicals in food.”The truth is
35、 that all food is made up of chemicals. Natural substances like milk, as well as man-made ones like drinks on sale in the market, can be described by chemical formulas. Some chemical substances are indeed harmful, but a person who refused to consume any chemicals would find nothing to eat.The things
36、 we eat can be divided into natural and man-made substances. Some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all man-made ingredients are to be avoided. But many natural chemicals, found in plants and animals, are harmful when eaten, and some laboratory-made substances increase the nut
37、ritional value of food. Other chemicals have natural and man-made forms that are exactly alike: vitamin C is vitamin C, whether it comes from a test tube or from an orange. Like“chemical”,“man-made”doesnt necessarily mean“not fit to eat”.Food additives are used for many reasons. We add sugar and sal
38、t and other things to foods we prepare at home to make them taste better. Food producers have developed a range of additives that stabilize, thicken, harden, keep wet, keep firm, or improve the appearance of their products. Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious, give it a longer shel
39、f life, and make it more attractive to the consumer, thus increasing the sales and profits of the producers.Food additives are presently the centre of a storm of serious argument. Food producers have been known to use additives that have not been proved safe; some substances in common use have been
40、proved unsafe and have been taken off the market. Many people feel theres a risk of eating food to which anything has been added. But food additives are now regulated by the FDA of the federal government, and new additives are subjected to strict testing before they can be placed on the market. For
41、most people, the chances of developing serious side effects from the long-term use of presently approved food additives are very slim.68. From the passage we can learn that . A. all foods consist of chemical substances B. it is right to reject chemicals in food C. food additives are harmful to our h
42、ealth D. natural foods are much safer than man-made ones【答案】A【解析】由第一段The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals.事实上所有的食物都含有化学物质。可知A为正确答案。【考点定位】考查细节理解题。69. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Foods with more additives have higher nutritional value. B. To ensure food sa
43、fety, the FDA will ban food additives. C. Foods free of additives can keep a much longer shelf life. D. Food additives can improve the quality of foods in many ways.【答案】D【解析】由第三段介绍食品添加剂可以防潮，改善品味，提高营养等可知D为正确答案。【考点定位】考查细节理解题。70.We can infer from the regulation to the food additives by the FDA that . A
44、. new additives will be approved more easily than before B. food producers wont be allowed to use new food additives C. food with common-used additives will be taken off the market D. food additives will be used in a safer and more scientific way71. According to the writer, the food additive is . A. worrying B. acceptable C. poisonous D. avoidable