1、话题五历史、社会与文化对应教材Book 1Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern heroBook 4Unit 1Women of achievementBook 2Unit 1Cultural relics Book 4Unit 5Theme parksBook 4Unit 2Working the land Book 4Unit 3A taste of English humourBook 4Unit 4Body language Book 5Unit 1Great scientistsBook 8Unit 1A land of diversity Book 8Unit
2、5Meeting your ancestors(一)核心素养下的话题解读“历史、社会与文化”是高中课程标准中“人与社会”主题语境内容要求之一，该内容包括“不同民族文化习俗与传统节日；对社会有突出贡献的人物；重要国际组织与社会公益机构；法律常识与法治意识等；物质与非物质文化遗产；社会热点问题；重大政治、历史事件，文化渊源；社会进步与人类文明”等方面。这些话题为学生打开了解历史与社会的窗口。高考英语通过这些话题让学生对历史、社会与文化有所了解。感受传统文化的魅力；从对社会具有突出贡献的人物身上学习奋发向上的精神；增强法治意识；爱惜物质文化遗产，立志为社会进步和人类文明做贡献。高考探究“历史、社会与
3、文化”这个话题常与阅读理解、完形填空、七选五、语法填空等相结合进行考查，分值占有较大的比例。例如：话题五卷别试题类型文章大意历史、社会与文化2019全国卷阅读B篇中国文化和美学对国际时尚的引领作用2019全国卷阅读C篇美国报纸大众化的发展过程2018全国卷阅读B篇关于减少食物浪费的一档英语节目续表话题五卷别试题类型文章大意历史、社会与文化2018全国卷阅读C篇介绍了人类语言随社会的发展而减少的现象2018全国卷阅读C篇中国建筑大师王澍获得建筑界的诺贝尔奖的原因及意义2017全国卷阅读A篇介绍了美国旧金山的四条旅游路线2017全国卷阅读B篇一家老电影院关停前夜的故事2016全国卷阅读A篇过去10
4、0年里四位很有影响力的杰出女性2016全国卷阅读D篇沉默在不同文化里的具体含义2016全国卷阅读C篇介绍了英国苹果节上各式各样的苹果及活动2015全国卷阅读D篇“心理咖啡馆”的具体功能、作用和社会意义2016全国卷语法填空筷子的由来以及使用地域和发展(二)构建思维导图，提升思维品质图一Book 1Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern hero图二Book 4Unit 1Women of achievement图三Book 2Unit 1Cultural relics图四Book 4Unit 5Theme parks图五Book 4Unit 2Working the land
5、图六Book 4Unit 3A taste of English humour图七Book 4Unit 4Body language图八Book 5Unit 1Great scientists图九Book 8Unit 1A land of diversity图十Book 8Unit 5Meeting your ancestors(三)根据思维导图，完成概要写作图一：概要写作Before meeting Mandela, Elias was a poor black worker. He needed to get a passbook because he wanted to continue
6、 doing his work. At that time black people in South Africa could not vote. They couldnt get jobs they wanted. Besides, they had to live in the poorest areas. At the age of 12, Elias met Mandela. Mandela told him how to get the correct papers so that he would not be out of work. He was so greatly mov
7、ed by his kindness that he joined the ANC Youth League. Besides, he helped Mandela blow up some government buildings.Elias was happy to help because he knew it would help them achieve their dream of making black and white people equal.图二：概要写作Jane Goodall has studied the wildlife for many years in Af
8、rica. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimps behaviors. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only her mother came to help her. Her w
9、ork changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other. For 40 years, Jane has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of th
10、ese animals. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.图三：概要写作Frederick William ， the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his great gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several
11、tons of amber were used to make it. The amber had a beautiful yellowbrown colour. The design for the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. The Amber Room was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took a team of the countrys best artists ten years to make. The Amber Room
12、was considered one of the wonders in the world. However, the Nazi German army stole it in 1941. After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.图四：概要写作There are various kinds of theme parks in the world with a specific theme for each. The most familiar one is probably Disneyland, where
13、 you can travel through space, visit a pirate ship or meet your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character. If you want to have fun and more than fun, come to Disneyland!Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeastern USA, is one of the most unique theme parks in the world. Dol
14、lywood shows and celebrates Americas traditional southeastern culture. If you want to experience the ancient days and great deeds of English knights and ladies, princes and queens, then Englands Camelot Park is the place for you. To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England, come to Camelot Par
15、k!图五：概要写作Dr Yuan was born in Beijing in 1930. With a sunburnt face and a slim, strong body, he looks more like a farmer than a scientist. After graduation in 1953, he devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. At that time, hunger was a serious problem in many parts of the country.
16、 Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of fields. Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. Successful as he is, he cares little about money and fame. As for his hobbies, he likes listening to violin music and playing mah
17、jong, swimming and reading. His dream is to produce more rice to feed more people in the world.Such is Yuan Longping, a simple man with great achievements.图六：概要写作Charlie Chaplin was a humorous actor, who entertained people in nonverbal humour. Born in poverty, he became famous focusing a particular
18、form of acting in entertaining silent movies. He was a charming character, wellknown throughout the world. He played a poor and homeless person, wearing large trousers, wornout shoes and a small round black hat and carrying a walking stick. The character was a social failure in the movies, but he wa
19、s loved by all the people. By overcoming difficulties, being kind to people unkind to him, making a sad situation entertaining and eating a boiled shoe, Charlie Chaplin made us happy and excited. In a word, he is loved and remembered as a great actor who could inspire people with great confidence. 图
20、七：概要写作Yesterday, I went to the Capital International Airport to meet this years international students. The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. I was very surprised to see Tony kiss Julia on the cheek! Ahmed Aziz, another international
21、student, was from Jordan. When we met, he moved very close to me as I introduced myself. I moved back a bit, but he came closer, which made me embarrassed. Only when I get to know more international friends do I learn that not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in t
22、he same way with touching or distance between people. These actions are not good or bad. In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in todays world of cultural crossroads!图八：概要写作The text tells us how John Snow found out the cause of the deadly disease ch
23、olera through scientific research. When he found people exposed to cholera, John Snow tried to solve this problem. Then, before thinking of a method, he asked a question that possibly explained how cholera killed people. As he knew, cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. In 185
24、4 when cholera broke out, he began to collect information and found the evidence. After analyzing the information, he found that the polluted water seemed to be to blame. To find supporting evidence, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined. Finally, “King Cholera” was d
25、efeated.图九：概要写作California is the most multicultural state in the USA. It is not surprising when you know the history of California.In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. However, some survived these terrible times. In the 18th century California
26、was ruled by Spain, which is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. In the early 1800s, Russian hunters began settling in California. In 1848, gold was discovered in California, attracting people from all over the world. Today, ChineseAmericans live in all pa
27、rts of California. Other immigrants include Italian, Danish, Jewish and Japanese people. In more recent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians. As for its future, there will be simply a mixture of many races and cultures.图
28、十：概要写作An archaeologist and students think it reasonable to assume some of the earliest people lived in Zhoukoudian, due to the fact that they have found human and animal bones and tools in those caves. They could have used fireplaces to make fires to keep them warm, cook food and scare wild beasts a
29、way. Seeing the needle made of bone, the students think it was used to make clothes from animal skins. To their surprise, a primitive necklace made of shells was found, which made them draw the conclusion that all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. Perhaps there was trad
30、e between early peoples or they travelled to the seaside on their journeys. As for why they are called hunters and gatherers, its because they didnt grow their own crops, but picked fruit when it ripened and hunted animals.1Actually, only by getting moving and constantly adjusting the plan can we ac
31、hieve our final goal.事实上，只有通过不断地行动，不断地调整计划，我们才能达到我们的最终目标。2Whenever we talk about the Dragon Boat Festival, we cant help thinking of Qu Yuan, a great patriotic poet in the Warring States Period.每当提到端午节，我们都情不自禁想到屈原，战国时期一个伟大的爱国诗人。3When it comes to great educators, Confucius should be put in the first p
32、lace, who was a famous thinker, educator and philosopher in Chinese history, adding colourful elements to Chinese culture. 谈到伟大的教育家，孔子应该排在首位，他是中国历史上一位著名的思想家、教育家和哲学家，丰富了灿烂的中华文明。4As for my favourite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. 至于我最喜欢的中国历史人物
33、，那一定是魏源，晚清时期一个伟大的思想家。自主排查 夯基固本核心单词(1)quality (n.) 质量；品质；性质quantity (形近词) (n.) 数量(2)active (adj.) 积极的；活跃的actively (adv.) 积极地activity (n.) 活动(3)devote (vt.) 献身；专心于devoted (adj.) 忠实的；深爱的devotion (n.) 关爱；奉献；忠诚(4)vote (vt.& vi.) 投票；选举 (n.) 投票；选票；表决voter (n.) 投票人；选举人(5)attack (vt.) 进攻；攻击；抨击 (n.) 攻击；抨击；疾病发
34、作attach (形近词) (vt.) 把附(在上)；重视(6)equal (adj.) 相等的；平等的equality (n.) 平等；相等equally (adv.) 同样地；相等地；公平地unequal (adj.) 不平等的；不公平的(7)escape (vt.& vi.) 逃脱；逃走；避开；泄漏escaped (adj.) 逃跑了的(8)educate (vt.) 教育；训练educated (adj.) 受过教育的；有教养的education (n.) 教育educator (n.) 教育工作者educational (adj.) 教育的；有关教育的(9)beg (vi.) 请求；
35、乞求begged (过去式/过去分词)beggar (n.) 乞丐(10)reward (n.) 报酬；奖金 (vt.) 酬劳；奖赏rewarding (adj.) 值得的；有益的；有回报的(11)opinion (n.) 意见；看法；主张阅读单词(1)mean (adj.) 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的(2)found (vt.) 建立；建设(3)peaceful (adj.) 和平的；平静的；安宁的(4)hopeful (adj.) 怀有希望的；有希望的(5)violence (n.) 暴力；暴行(6)unfair (adj.) 不公正的；不公平的(7)relative (n.) 亲戚；亲属(8
36、)terror (n.) 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动(9)cruelty (n.) 残忍；残酷(10)president (n.) 总统；会长；校长；行长单句语法填空1I believe my _ (educate) and experience will prove I am qualified for the work in your company.答案：education2Fortunately, Natalies family _ (escape) to Brooklyn shortly before the citys bridges closed.答案：escaped3I
37、t was by _ (vote) that they made the decision who would be the vice president of the English club in our school.答案：voting4Parents should _ (active) urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.答案：actively5To be honest, there are many learned teachers who are always _
38、 (devote) to their teaching work in our school.答案：devoted6She hoped the different racial groups in the area could live together in _ (peace) coexistence.答案：peaceful7Under his teachers _ (guide), he has developed into an accomplished pianist.答案：guidance8Learning to deal with the social world is _ (eq
39、ual) important.答案：equally9Whenever people around got into trouble, they were _ (will) to turn to her for help, which made her into a person respected by all her neighbors. 答案：willing10The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK$25,000 and _ (sentence) to up to 3 years in prison.答案：senten
40、ced联想积累1表示“人物特点”的形容词全扫描active 积极的；活跃的generous 慷慨的warmhearted 热心肠的creative 富有创造力的devoted 有献身精神的energetic 有活力的enthusiastic 充满热情的ambitious 有雄心壮志的2后缀“ent”形容词与“ence”名词大集合violent 暴力的violence 暴力silent 沉默的silence 沉默different 不同的difference 差异patient 有耐心的patience 耐心confident 自信的confidence 信心evident 明显的evidenc
41、e 证据intelligent 聪明的intelligence 智力independent 独立的independence 独立1out_of_work 失业2as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上3in_trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中4turn_to 求助于5lose_heart 丧失勇气或信心6come to power 上台；当权7set up 建立；设立8be sentenced to 被判处(徒刑)9blow up 使充气；爆炸10in ones opinion 在某人看来选词填空devote to， in trouble， turn to， lose h
42、eart， set up， as a matter of fact1He was a loving father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was _.答案：in trouble2I feel that Ive been given a second life to _ something that is meaningful and enormous.答案：devote to3In 1963 the UN _ the World Food Programme, one of whos
43、e purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.答案：set up4I still want to have my parents to _ whenever I need help.答案：turn to5You shouldnt_ even if you are in the face of difficulty. Instead, you should keep trying.答案：lose heart6_， doing sports can teach us to be considerate, cooperative and optimist
44、ic.答案：As a matter of fact联想积累1“动词to”短语荟萃devote . to 致力于；献身于object to 反对refer to 谈到；涉及；参阅 point to 指向turn to 求助于stick/hold/keep to 坚持；忠于see to 处理；料理 come to 共计belong to 属于attend to 处理；专心于；照料add to 增添 agree to 同意2“out of名词”短语大全out of work 失业out of breath 上气不接下气out of condition 身体不好；情况欠佳out of control
45、失去控制out of danger 脱离危险out of date 过时的out of debt 不欠债out of luck 运气不好；不凑巧out of mind 心不在焉out of order 次序紊乱；损坏了课文原句句式梳理仿写训练I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我感觉很糟。the first time “第一次”，可以引导时间状语从句。every time/each time“每一次”，也可以引导时间状语从句。_ (第一次遇见) the craftsman, I was deeply impress
46、ed by his exquisite craftsmanship.答案：The first time I came across直击重点 突破考点devotevt. 献身；专心于(P33)(1)单句语法填空In fact, my granny devoted most of her time _ papercutting when young._ (devote) to building our motherland into a strong country, he returned home after graduation.We were deeply moved by his _ (
47、devote) to the cause of education.答案：toDevoteddevotion(2)单句改错Donald Trump also held a town hall meeting devoting to health care in southwestern Virginia._答案：devotingdevoted(1)devote . to . 把奉献于devote oneself to 献身于；致力于(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的；关于的be devoted to (doing) sth. 专心于某事；奉献于某事(3)devotion n. 关爱
48、；关照；奉献；忠诚equaladj. 相等的；平等的；胜任的n. 同等的人；相等物v. 等于；抵得上(P34)单句写作All people _， deserving the same rights as each other.所有人都是平等的，应享有同等权利。He sets a good example to us. As an allaround athlete, he _.他给我们树立了好榜样。作为一个全能运动员，他无与伦比。答案：are equalhas no equal(1)be equal to n/doing 等于；与相等；胜任be equal in 在方面相等be equal w
49、ith 与平等(2)A equals B (in . ) A(在方面)比得上Bbe without equal/have no equal 无与伦比；无敌(3)equality n. 平等equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等；同样escapevt.& vi. 逃脱；逃走n. 逃脱(P38)(1)单句语法填空He was crossing the street when a man was driving fast towards him and he narrowly escaped _ (kill)To my relief, both children escaped unharm
50、ed _ the burning building. 答案：being killedfrom(2)单句写作The bullet missed about an inch, therefore, the rabbit had _.子弹未击中兔子，仅差一英寸，因此兔子侥幸逃脱。答案：a narrow escape(1)escape from . 从逃脱escape (doing) sth. 逃避(做)某事(2)a narrow escape 死里逃生(3)escaped adj. 逃脱的rewardn. 报酬；奖金vt. 酬劳；奖赏(P38)单句语法填空The students have been
51、 working hard on their lessons and their efforts will _ (reward) with success in the end.When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and _ (reward)He wanted to reward the cleaners _ their efforts.答案：be rewardedrewardingfor(1)give/offer a reward to sb. fo
52、r sth. 因某事给某人报酬(或赏金)(2)reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事报答/奖赏某人be rewarded (with sth.) 得到回报(3)rewarding adj. 有益的；值得的；报酬高的in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中(P35)单句写作It was when we were returning home that I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone _.我们快要回家的时候，我才意识到帮助了有困难的人感觉多么美妙！No matte
53、r when you _ studying, please dont hesitate to ask for our help.无论什么时候学习有困难，请不要犹豫，一定要来找我们帮忙。Some people always stick to their views, even if it means that they may _.有些人总是坚持他们的主张，即使那意味着他们会陷入困境。答案：in troublehave trouble (in)get into troubleget into trouble 陷入困境；惹麻烦have trouble (in) doing sth./with st
54、h. 做某事有困难/麻烦take the trouble to do sth. 不怕费事/不辞劳苦做某事turn to 求助于；致力于(P35)单句写作Whenever we have any difficulty, we can _ the teacher. She is always there to help.每当遇到困难，我们可以求助老师。她总会提供帮助。Eventually I _ the offer given by a foreign university, choosing to study in my favorite university at home.最后，我拒绝了国外
55、大学的通知，选择在国内一所自己喜欢的大学学习。They _ to look after their sick father in hospital.他们轮流照顾生病住院的父亲。答案：turn toturned downtook turns(1)turn to sb. for help 向某人求助take turns to do . /in doing . 轮流做in turn 依次；逐个；相应地by turns 轮流地；交替地(2)turn down 关小；拒绝turn away 拒绝入内；把打发走turn up 出现；露面；调大turn out 证明是；结果是；原来是turn over 打翻
56、；翻身；移交turn . into 把变成lose heart 丧失勇气或信心(P37)单句写作Though beaten by the opposite team, they didnt _.虽然被对方球队击败，但他们没有丧失信心。There is an old saying like this, “Nothing is too hard if you _.”俗话说，“心之所愿，无所不成。”答案：lose heartput your heart into it(1)put ones heart into 一心扑在上learn sth. by heart 背诵；记牢某事strike . int
57、o sb./sb.s heart 使刻骨铭心lose ones heart to sb. 爱上某人(2)heart and soul 全心全意地from the bottom of sb.s heart 从心底；由衷地教材原句The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. (P34)过去30年来所出现的大量法
58、律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。单句语法填空The old tower _ (witness) great changes of the village in the past two hundred years.The year 1959 _ (see) the first appearance of a real flying ship in the world.Soon afterwards, we were sent to different families, _ we enjoyed traditional English food
59、, exchanging our ideas happily on familiar topics.答案：has witnessedsawwhere(1)see, find, witness等动词，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时“经历、发生、目睹”了某事。该句是一个无生命的名词作主语的句式。(2)当先行词是stage, situation, case, point, position等词且从句缺少状语时，定语从句常用where或in which来引导，表示抽象的地点。教材原句He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings
60、when we should have been asleep. (P38)他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上我们本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。单句语法填空As the smallest child of his family, Ales is always longing for the time _ he should be able to be independent.Do you want to know the reason _ I recommend climbing Mount Tai to you?The boss of the company is trying to create
61、an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work.I still remember the day _ which I first came to this school.答案：when/during whichwhy/for whichwhere/in whichon(1)此句是一个含有定语从句的主从复合句。when引导定语从句，修饰先行词the lunch breaks and the evenings，并在从句中充当时间状语。(2)定语从句除了由关系代词引导外，还可由关系副词when, where, why引导，它们在从句中作状语。关
62、系副词用法when其先行词常常是表示时间的名词，如：time, day, hour, year等，when代替先行词在从句中作时间状语where其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如：place, room, house, street, area等， where在从句中代替先行词作地点状语why常用在先行词reason后，代替先行词在从句中作原因状语，也可用for which来代替选择关系副词作关系词的原则是：从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，然后根据先行词表示的时间，地点和原因来确定when, where, why。课文回练 升华运用Do you know the _1_ (form) presid
63、ent of South Africa, Nelson Mandela? He fought for the black people and was _2_ prison for nearly thirty years. He helped black people get the equal rights with white people.Elias had little education. Because his family couldnt afford _3_ (pay) the school fees, he had to drop out of school. Then he
64、 found a job in a gold mine and he worried about _4_ he would be out of work. It was during this difficult period of time _5_ he met Nelson Mandela for the first time, who was a black lawyer and offered _6_ (guide) to poor black people on their legal problems.At that time, black people had no rights
65、 _7_ (vote) and their life was decided by the whites. Nelson Mandela said to Elias that they were put in a position _8_ they had either to accept they were less important, or fight the government. So he decided to use _9_ (violent). Though Elias didnt like violence, he helped Nelson Mandela blow up
66、some government buildings. He knew it was dangerous to do it, but he also knew it was to realize their dream of making black and white people _10_ (equal)1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._答案：1.former2.in3.to pay4.whether5.that6.guidance7.to vote8.where9.violence10.equal基础达标 自主训练.单句语法填空1Now their peace t
67、alks have reached a key stage _ one side must give in to the other.答案：where当先行词是case, position, stage等抽象名词，且引导词在从句中作状语，表示地点时，定语从句使用关系副词where来引导。2From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and _ (devote)答案：devotion由“teamwork and”可知，此处填名词devotion “奉献；忠诚”，作宾语。3When an animal is _ attack it
68、 can run away or fight back.答案：underunder attack “受到攻击”。4She started singing to the baby and _ (reward) with a smile.答案：was rewardedreward sb. with a smile “对某人报以微笑”，根据句意可知，此处应为被动语态。5No one will escape _ (punish) if he breaks the school rules.答案：being punishedescape being punished “免于惩处”。6For one th
69、ing, Im good at English, so I have no difficulty _ (communicate) with students from other countries.答案：communicatinghave no difficulty doing “做某事没有困难”。7He hated _ (cruel) and could never cause physical pain to any man or even to any animal.答案：cruelty空格前是动词，此处用名词形式作宾语。8Your teacher can give you _ (gu
70、ide) on choosing a career and writing a job application.答案：guidancegive sb. guidance on . “给某人关于的指导或建议”，故此处填名词guidance “指导”。9_ (educate) usually refers to teaching people various subjects, usually at a school or college.答案：Education此处应用名词education “教育”作主语。10The young man was sentenced to _ (die) for
71、 killing a middle school student.答案：deathbe sentenced to death “被判死刑”。.单句写作1Although he was _ (失业), he decided to start a new business instead of losing heart.答案：out of work2_ (事实上), feeling unconfident and nervous is the main reason for failing the exam.答案：As a matter of fact3_， youd better turn to
72、 your teacher for help.当你遇到麻烦时，你最好向你的老师求助。答案：When you are in trouble4_我认为，我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。(in ones opinion)答案：In my opinion, we should develop healthy eating habits.5_上学期我们成立了英语社团，使大家有机会展示自己的才艺。答案：Last term, we set up an English Society, allowing us to display our talents.语法填空(2019广东省肇庆市高中毕业班第一次检测)I w
73、as the middle child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I hardly saw my father before I was eight. For this _1_ other reasons I was somewhat lonely. I had the lonely childs habit of making up stories and _2_(hold)conversations with imaginary persons, and I think _3_ the v
74、ery start my literary ambitions _4_ (mix) up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a _5_ (nature) ability with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this _6_ (create) a sort of private world _7_ I could get my own back for my failure in everyda
75、y life.However, _8_ quantity of serious writing which I produced all through my childhood would not add up to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation. I cannot remember anything about _9_ except that it was about a tiger and the tig
76、er had “chairlike teeth”a good enough _10_ (express)1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己小时候喜欢写作的原因和感受。1and考查连词。此处指“由于这样那样的原因”，故用连词and。2holding考查非谓语动词。此处和making并列作of的宾语，也用动词ing形式，故填holding。3from考查介词。句意：我想从一开始我的文学抱负就与被孤立和被低估的感觉交织在一起。表示“从”，故填from。from the very start “从开始”。4were mixed考查动词的时
77、态和语态。句中“my literary ambitions”和动词“mix”是被动关系，宾语从句的谓语用被动语态。与全文时态一致用一般过去时，主语是复数，故填were mixed。5natural考查词性转换。此处修饰名词ability用形容词，故填形容词natural。6created考查动词的时态。句意：我觉得这创造了一种私人世界。在宾语从句中作谓语，根据主句时态felt和全文时态一致，用一般过去时，故填created。7where考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词world，且在定语从句中作地点状语，指在这个世界，用关系副词引导，故填where。8the考查冠词。此处特指
78、认真写作的量，用定冠词the，故填the。9it考查代词。此处指代上句的“my first poem”，用单数代词it。10expression考查词性转换。此处a good enough修饰名词，指“一种足够好的表达”，故填expression。.短文改错(2018全国卷)During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living
79、 in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their li
80、fe had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.答案：During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with
81、 dogs, ducks, and animals. Last winter when I went again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of . They also had a small pond they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by the fish. I felt that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, he agreed.难项分析：第六处：which前加in或whichwhere考查定语从句的引导词。他们还有一个小池塘，里面养着鱼。此处a small pond是先行词，且关系词在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用in which或where。第七处：sellselling考查非谓语动词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。第十处：butand考查连词。“我”计划每两年回来一次，他同意了。此处是顺承关系，故将but改成and。