1、附录一构词法附录一构词法一、派生法(一)名词后缀1动词变名词的后缀后缀例词ion/tion/sion/ationcorrectcorrection改正celebratecelebration 庆祝；庆祝会concludeconclusion 结论；结束discussdiscussion 讨论；辩论decidedecision 决定admitadmission 接纳；准许入学attractattraction 吸引inviteinvitation 邀请explainexplanation 解释graduategraduation 毕业expectexpectation 期望er/ordrived
2、river 司机；驾驶员gathergatherer 收集者；采集者conductconductor 指挥；售票员teachteacher 老师announceannouncer 播音员mentpunishpunishment 惩罚achieveachievement 功绩；成就argueargument 辩论；论据treattreatment 对待；治疗equipequipment 装备；设备governgovernment 政府ance/enceappearappearance出现；外貌guideguidance 指引；指导performperformance 表演；节目existexis
3、tence 存在；生存preferpreference 偏爱referreference 参考；查阅inghearhearing听力；听觉beginbeginning 开始ure/turefailfailure失败；没做到presspressure 压力mixmixture 混合；混合物departdeparture 离开；出发yrecoverrecovery 恢复；痊愈discoverdiscovery 发现其他choosechoice选择varyvariety 多样化；种类tendtendency 趋向；趋势2.形容词变名词的后缀后缀例词ageshortshortage不足；短缺cyeff
4、icientefficiency效率；功效fluentfluency 流利；流畅accurateaccuracy 准确性privateprivacy 隐私；私密domfreefreedom 自由；自主wisewisdom 明智；智慧encedifferentdifference差异silentsilence 沉默nessweakweakness 虚弱；弱点kindkindness 仁慈；好意carelesscarelessness 粗心大意thstrongstrength 力气；强项warmwarmth 温暖；热情ytyityhonesthonesty诚实difficultdifficulty
5、 困难cruelcruelty 残酷；残暴safesafety 安全disabledisability 无能；伤残responsibleresponsibility 责任(二)形容词、副词后缀1动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀后缀例词ableacceptacceptable可接受的comfortcomfortable 舒适的fashionfashionable 时髦的suitsuitable 合适的reasonreasonable 合理的almusicmusical 音乐的originoriginal 最初的personpersonal 个人的；私人的centercentral 中央的；中心的na
6、turenatural 自然的；天生的fuldoubtdoubtful 怀疑的forgetforgetful 健忘的harmharmful 有害的hopehopeful 有希望的peacepeaceful 和平的edscarescared感到恐惧的confuseconfused 感到困惑的underlineunderlined 带下划线的续表后缀例词ingsurprisesurprising令人惊异的convinceconvincing 令人信服的satisfysatisfying 令人满意的ibleaccessaccessible容易取得的horrorhorrible 可怕的；恐怖的terr
7、orterrible 可怕的iveactactive积极的；活跃的effecteffective 有效的；生效的attractattractive 有吸引力的impressimpressive 给人深刻印象的ouscontinuecontinuous不断的；持续的anxietyanxious 忧虑的cautioncautious 十分小心的；谨慎的curiositycurious 好奇的humorhumorous 幽默的sometire tiresome令人厌倦的troubletroublesome 麻烦的ytastetasty 美味的；可口的healthhealthy 健康的wealthwe
8、althy 富裕的；丰富的erneasteastern东方的；向东的ishchildchildish孩子气的foolfoolish 愚蠢的；可笑的selfselfish 自私的2.形容词变副词的后缀在形容词后加ly可变成相应意义的副词直接加lyslow慢的slowly缓慢地改y为ilyhappy高兴的happily高兴地去e加lytrue真的truly真地(三)形容词、名词变动词的前缀和后缀前/后缀例词前缀enableenable 使能够largeenlarge 扩大richenrich 使充实前/后缀例词后缀enbroadbroaden (使)变宽riperipen (使)成熟sharpsh
9、arpen 使尖锐widewiden 加宽ifyclassclassify把分类justjustify 证明正确simplesimplify 简化izeapologyapologize道歉emphasisemphasize 强调 (四)表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀前/后缀例词前缀disagreedisagree不同意advantagedisadvantage 缺点illegalillegal不合法的logicalillogical 不合逻辑的impoliteimpolite无礼的patientimpatient 不耐烦的informalinformal非正式的convenientinconv
10、enient 不方便的irregularirregular不规则的responsibleirresponsible 不负责任的misleadmislead误导understandmisunderstand 误解unusualunusual 不寻常的willingunwilling 不愿意的后缀lesshopehopeless 绝望的endendless 没完没了的二、转化法不改变词形，把一个词由一种词类转变为另一种词类的方法叫转化法。动词名词lookhave a look看一看surveymake a survey 调查walktake a walk 散步名词动词button n纽扣v.扣纽扣book n书v.预订seat n座位v.容纳back n背部v.支持形容词动词slow adj.慢的v.减慢narrow adj.窄的v.缩小warm adj.暖和的v.加热