1、宁夏银川市2021届高三英语考前适应性训练试题（一）（含解析）（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段
2、对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.答案是 C。1. What will the man do?A. Hold his wedding outside. B. Cancel his wedding. C. Hold his wedding inside.2. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Move some boxes. B.
3、 Make a phone call. C. Drive a car.3. What does the woman think of the trip?A. Exciting. B. Not interesting. C. Challenging.4. Why is the man talking to the woman?A. To take out insurance. B. To describe his illness. C. To make an appointment.5. What did the man buy?A. Green tea. B. Orange juice. C.
4、 Hot chocolate.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How did Christopher eat on the wedding in India?A. By using a spoon and a fork. B. By using chopsticks. C. By using his hands.7. What
5、did Christopher think of the food?A. Terrible. B. Just so-so. C. Delicious.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Where did the man most probably lose his phone?A. On the underground. B. In a bank. C. In a restaurant9. What will the man do before five oclock?A. Buy a new phone. B. Make a call to the woman. C. Meet the w
6、oman.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. When were the wooden houses built?A. In the 13th century. B. In the 10th century. C. In the 17th century.11. Where did the man have lunch?A. On a hill. B. By a river. C. In a garden.12. How was the weather during the mans trip？A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Windy.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。1
7、3. What does the man think of Lucys taking flying lessons?A. Inspiring. B. Surprising. C. Exciting.14. What is Lucy?A. A pilot. B. A nurse. C. A doctor.15. What does the man advise the woman to do?A. Teach in a college. B. Start her own restaurant. C. Teach an Italian cooking class.16. What is the r
8、elationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Who is the speaker?A. An English teacher. B. A university student. C. A news reporter.18. What does the speaker think of English listening?A. Boring. B. Interesting. C. Difficult
9、.19. What does the speaker suggest?A. Practicing listening more after class.B. Trying to understand every wore when listening.C. Listening to pop songs without reading the words.20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. How to understand English teachers better.B. How to find interesting Engli
10、sh materials.C. How to improve your listening in English第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A1. Scenic landscapes on stamps: A nine-day tour in the cities of Xuzhou,Suqian and Huaian in northern Jiangsu province.This route is associated with local culture, cha
11、racteristics, and creativity. It offers a taste of the famous canal cities.2.Life on the Grand Canal: A seven-day Jiangsu tour through the cities of Nanjing, Suqian, Huaian,Yangzhou and Suzhou.This route presents the most authentic, economic, cultural and entertainment-focused activities along the c
12、anal from both ancient and modern times.I allows visitors to ride in boats and observe local fishermen fishing.3.Food,culture,leisure and health;Seven-day experience of local life in Zhenjiang Changzhou,Wuxi and SuzhouTo increase tourists interest in the traditional culture and crafts of Jiangsu, th
13、e route will include pottery,embroidery(刺绣), paper-cutting, cooking and other hands-on experiences. It includes scenic spots along the Beijing-Hangzhou Gran Canal, ancient water towns, historical streets and ancient fishing villages.Visitors can join in the recreational farmhouse experience and pick
14、 up both fruits and vegetables4A walk into history: Six-day tour in Xuzhou, Suqian,Huaian,Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Changzhou and WuxiThe Beiing-Hangzhou Grand Canal runs through the entire province and has been a part of Jiangsus culture for thousands of years. Inspired by the canal, the route includes
15、historical cities Xuzhou, Suqian, Huaian,Yangzhou along with Zheniang Changzhou and Wuxi.1. Which of the following do the four travel routes share?A. A time duration of less than a week.B. Ancient towns in southern Jiangsu.C. The Grand Canal.D. The city of Suqian.2. Which route is the best for an in
16、-depth tourist who wants to cover fewer cities with more time?A. Route 1B. Route 2C. Route 3D. Route 4.3. What can you enjoy in the route only covering Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou and Zhenjiang?A. Rowing a boat.B. Trying on paper-cutting.C. Growing vegetables.D. Fishing with local villagers.【答案】1. C 2.
17、A 3. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了京杭大运河沿岸的四条旅游路线。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Scenic landscapes on stamps部分中“ It offers a taste of the famous canal cities. (它让你领略到著名的运河城市。)”；Life on the Grand Canal部分中“Life on the Grand Canal:A seven-day Jiangsu tour through the cities of Nanjing, Suqian, Huaian,Yangzhou and Suzhou. (大运河上
18、的生活：南京、宿迁、淮安、扬州和苏州7天江苏游。)”；Food,culture,leisure and health部分中“It includes scenic spots along the Beijing-Hangzhou Gran Canal (它包括沿京杭大运河的景点)”和A walk into history部分中“The Beiing-Hangzhou Grand Canal runs through the entire province and has been a part of Jiangsus culture for thousands of years. (京杭大运河贯
19、穿全省，几千年来一直是江苏文化的一部分。)”可知，四条旅行路线都在大运河沿岸。故选C项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Scenic landscapes on stamps: A nine-day tour in the cities of Xuzhou,Suqian and Huaian in northern Jiangsu province.This route is associated with local culture, characteristics, and creativity. It offers a taste of the famous canal citie
20、s.(邮票上的风景：徐州、宿迁、淮安九天游。这条路线与当地的文化、特色和创意相关联。它让你领略到著名的运河城市。)”可知，这条路线9天只游览3个城市，再对比其他三个线路的天数和城市数量（线路2:7天游览5个城市；线路3:7天游览4个城市；线路4:6天游览7个城市）可知，路线1是最合适想要用更多的时间游览更少城市进行深度游的游客，故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Food,culture,leisure and health部分中“Seven-day experience of local life in Zhenjiang Changzhou,Wuxi and Suzhou (为期七天的镇
21、江、常州、无锡、苏州生活体验)”和“To increase tourists interest in the traditional culture and crafts of Jiangsu, the route will include pottery,embroidery(刺绣), paper-cutting, cooking and other hands-on experiences. (为了增加游客对江苏传统文化和手工艺的兴趣，这条路线将包括陶器、刺绣、剪纸、烹饪和其他实践体验。)”可知，在苏州、无锡、常州、镇江的路线，你能尝试剪纸。故选B项。BDecades ago, NASA
22、asked experts to develop the smell of space in order to help prepare astronauts for the experience of outer space. Now, a perfume, Eau de Space, has attracted eager buyers.According to the Kickstarter activity which has been launched to sell Eau de Space, the history of the smell of space has been u
23、nclear owing to various accounts of its development. Ever since the first spacewalk, astronauts have been shocked by the smell.NASA astronaut Col. Chris Hadfield said,The only time you can smell space is when you come back from a spacewalk. As you open the hatch(舱门),there is a distinctive smell.Some
24、 astronauts and space tourists describe it as the smell of fruit, or burnt cookies. Astronaut Eugene Cerman talked of another smell he experienced:The moon smells like spent gunpowder.The smell of space is so distinet that NASA reached out to fragrance makers to recreate the smell, according to NASA
25、 documents.Now, the makers have cooperated with award-winning perfumers(香水制造者),and reported that theyve secured commercial contracts to reproduce the smell based on astronauts accounts.At $ 29 per bottle, Eau de Space will help support STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) programs for st
26、udents. For every bottle of Eau de Space you buy,were going to donate $ 1 to a STEM program for low-income students. Its a big promise and isnt the best decision for a company trying to make a profit. But, imagine that a child who smells Eau de Space today is whipped up to become an astronaut, scien
27、tist or engineer, shows Kickstarter.Eau de Space will be made in the UK employing low-income labor and environment-friendly practices, including zero manufacturing waste, according to the campaign. So far,about 11,000 people have become supporters.4. Why was the Kickstarter campaign started?A. To pr
28、omote Eau de Space.B. To attract perfume makers.C. To explain the smell of space.D. To recreate the smell of space.5. What do we know about Eau de Space?A. Its makers will make a profit of $ 28 per bottle.B. It has been available in the market for a long time.C. It can get astronauts ready for their
29、 space experience.D. Its smell is designed according to astronauts descriptions.6. What does the phrase whipped up in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Trained.B. Inspired.C. Forced.D. Persuaded7. What can be the best title for the text?A. Eau de Space, a Perfume Used in SpaceB. Eau de Space, a Perfume o
30、n the WayC. The History of Developing the Smell of SpaceD. Astronauts Different Accounts About the Space Smell【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了 Eau de Space 这款香水的味道与太空的味道一样，其制造和出售可以帮助那些热爱科学的低收入家庭的孩子们，这款香水即将在英国生产。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the Kickstarter campaign, which has been launched to sell
31、Eau de Space”可知，启动这项活动是为了销售 Eau de Space 这款香水。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“theyve secured commercial contracts to reproduce the smell based on astronauts accounts”(他们已经获得了商业合同，根据宇航员的描述来重现这种气味)可知，这款香水气味是根据宇航员们的描述设计的。故选D。【6题详解】词句猜测题。本段主要讲述 Eau de Space 这款香水的制造和出售可以帮助那些热爱科学的低收入家庭的孩子们。和太空环境味道一样的Eau de Space
32、香水可能会激励闻到香水的孩子成为一名宇航员、科学家或工程师。根据句中“to become an astronaut, scientist or engineer”可知划线部分在此意为“激发”孩子成为一名宇航员、科学家或工程师，与B项意思接近。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段引出 Eau de Space 这款香水；第二、三段讲述这款香水的味道与太空的味道一样以及不同人对太空味道的描述；第四、五段介绍香料制造者和香水制造者合作制造这款香水，这款香水的部分利润将用于资助对科学感兴趣的低收入家庭的孩子；最后一段说明这款香水即将在英国生产。因此B项“Eau de Space,一款即将到来的香
33、水”为最佳标题。故选B。CThe Japanese government, citizens and groups are debating what to do with radioactive water from the disabled nuclear power plant near Fukushinma. An earthquake on March 11, 2011 caused severe damage to three of the six nuclear reactors at the Fukushinma Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Sin
34、ce then, Japanese officials have been trying to contain and clear up the damage.The Associated Press recently observed the decontamination (净化) process taking place there. Officials are trying to decide what to do with 1.2 million tons of radioactive water being stored at Fukushinma. The nuclear cen
35、ter is operated by the Tokyo Electric Power Co. , or TEPCO. The company says it needs to free up space as work on the damaged reactors reaches an important point. Many people expect TEPCO to slowly release the water into the ocean near the nuclear center. The government has already approved the plan
36、.However, it is not clear when the company will carry out the plan. Local people oppose it because that could hurt the fishing industry. Sales of fish caught off the coast near Fukushinma are half what they were before the nuclear disaster. Fish caught in the area have been approved for sale after r
37、adioactivity testing by health officials.TEPCO Chief Decommissioning Officer Akira Ono said the water must be removed. He says crews need the space currently occupied by the water tanks. In their place, workers will set up structures to hold melted reactor wreckage(反应堆残骸).People wear protective clot
38、hing and head coverings to work in the most radioactive areas around the nuclear center. But underground conditions remain dangerous and radioactive water is leaking from the melted reactors and mixing with groundwater. This water is being pumped into containers to keep it from flowing into the sea.
39、 The polluted water from underground is processed and filtered to remove dangerous radioactive elements. Tritium(氚) is the only radioactive material that remains. Japans industry ministry and nuclear officials say tritium is not harmful in small amounts. However, although officials try to ease publi
40、c fear, there are worries that fish might be affected if the water is released into the sea.8. What do we know from the text?A. The Fukushinma disaster was caused by humans.B. Tons of radioactive water has been leaked into the ocean.C. Melted reactor wreckage will take up most of the region.D. Japan
41、 is struggling with the clean-up of radioactive pollution.9. What does the underlined word it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Making room for the damaged reactors.B. Releasing the water into the nearby ocean.C. Filtering the water near the nuclear center.D. Storing the radioactive water in the nuclear c
42、enter.10. What does the text say about the material tritium from the fifth paragraph?A. It can be found in the polluted water.B. It has aroused great panic among residents.C. It does no harm to fish.D. It exists in a solid form.11. What does the text imply?A. The groundwater has been severely pollut
43、ed in Fukushinma.B. People in Fukushinma used to earn their living by fishing.C. It is hard for the authorities to earn the publics trust.D. It is unclear when TEPCO will remove the radioactive water.【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。日本核电站因地震受损，造成大量核污染水，日本各界致力于如何处理解决核污染水。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“An eart
44、hquake on March 11, 2011 caused severe damage to three of the six nuclear reactors at the Fukushinma Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Since then, Japanese officials have been trying to contain and clear up the damage. (2011年3月11日的地震造成福岛第一核电站6座核反应堆中的3座严重受损。从那以后，日本官员一直在努力控制和清理这些损害)”和第二段中的“Officials are tr
45、ying to decide what to do with 1. 2 million tons of radioactive water being stored at Fukushinma. (官员们正试图决定如何处理储存在福岛的120万吨放射性水)”可知，地震造成核电站受损，造成了放射性污染，日本在努力想办法清理这些污染，故选D。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“However, it is not clear when the company will carry out the plan. Local people oppose it because that could hur
46、t the fishing industry. (不过，目前尚不清楚该公司何时实施这一计划。当地人反对，因为这可能会损害渔业)”可知，当地人反对的是这个计划，也就是it代指的是上文的 “计划”。根据第二段中的“Many people expect TEPCO to slowly release the water into the ocean near the nuclear center. The government has already approved the plan. (许多人预计东京电力公司会将海水缓慢释放到核中心附近的海洋中。政府已经批准了这个计划) ”可知，这个计划就是将海
47、水缓慢释放到核中心附近的海洋中，故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“The polluted water from underground is processed and filtered to remove dangerous radioactive elements. Tritium(氚) is the only radioactive material that remains. (来自地下的污染水经过处理和过滤以去除危险的放射性元素。氚是仅存的放射性物质) ”可知，氚这种物质可以在被污染的水中找到，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句话“However, i
48、t is not clear when the company will carry out the plan. (不过，目前尚不清楚公司何时会执行该计划)”以及第2题的分析，可知，目前还不知道电力公司什么时候执行将海水缓慢释放到核中心附近的海洋中的这个计划，也就是不清楚东京电力公司何时清除这些放射性水，故选D。DThere can be magic in the touch of a hand that loves you. It brings comfort and a silent promise that says, “I am here and you are not alone.”
49、I memorized every detail about my children. As babies, they reached for me whenever they were hungry or tired or just needed to be held. Sometimes, if they woke in the night, just the touch of my hand would ease them back to sleep. They clung to me when they took their first steps and we held hands
50、when crossing streets and walking from the car to their classroom on their first day of school.As they grew older and more independent, I noticed that they didnt hold my hand much anymore. I told myself it was part of growing up, and I should just be glad they could do things on their own now.But wh
51、en youve been needed so much for such a long time, its hard to step back and feel unnecessary.Then one day, I was visiting my oldest son in New York, where he was working as an actor on a TV show. As we were about to cross a busy street that was filled with traffic, he grabbed my hand and shouted, “
52、Hang on to me, Mom,” then led me safely across.At that moment, I realized two things. First, my boy had become a man. Second, it was clear that our roles had changed. We still needed each other, but in different ways than before.That scene has replayed in various ways with each of my three children.
53、 They have all taught me to lean on them just as they once leaned on me, and that we can always lean on each other. We live miles apart, but stay in touch every day. There is magic and comfort and healing in the touch of a hand that loves you, even if it “touches” you from afar.12. How did the autho
54、r get along with her children when they were young?A. She was very strict with them.B. She overprotected them.C. She was too busy to take care of them.D. She developed a close bond with them.13. How did the author feel when her kids became more independent?A. She felt lonely when living apart from t
55、hem.B. She was worried that they couldnt manage themselves.C. She felt a little uncomfortable when not needed so much as before.D. She was pleased to be able to step back and enjoy herself.14. The authors visit to her son in New York made her realize_.A. her son had become mature and reliableB. time
56、 with children is always funC. she needed her son more than beforeD. she was unwilling to accept the change in their roles15. What is the authors main purpose in writing the text?A. To explore how to interact with children.B. To describe the growth of her children.C. To show the power of the touch o
57、f a hand.D. To present how parents influence their kids.【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过自己与孩子的接触的过程中体会到了来自手的触碰的力量。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“I memorized every detail about my children.They clung to me when they took their first steps and we held hands when crossing streets and walking f
58、rom the car to their classroom on their first day of school.”（我记住了孩子们的每一个细节。当他们还是婴儿的时候，每当他们饿了、累了或者只是需要被抱着的时候，他们就会向我伸出手来。有时候，如果他们在夜里醒来，只要我的手一碰，他们就会重新入睡。他们迈出第一步时，紧紧地抓着我;上学第一天，过马路时，下了车走到教室时，我们手拉着手。）可推知，她与他们建立了亲密的关系。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“As they grew older and more independent, I noticed that they di
59、dnt hold my hand much anymore.”（当他们长大了，更加独立了，我注意到他们不再经常牵我的手了。）和文章第四段“But when youve been needed so much for such a long time, its hard to step back and feel unnecessary.”（但是，当你被需要了这么长时间，你很难退后一步，觉得自己不再是他们必需的了。）可知，当孩子们不像以前那样需要她时，她感到有点不自在。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“As we were about to cross a busy street
60、 that was filled with traffic, he grabbed my hand and shouted, “Hang on to me, Mom,” then led me safely across.”（当我们要穿过一条车水马龙的繁忙街道时，他抓住我的手喊道:“妈妈，抓紧我”，然后带我安全地过了马路。）和文章第六段“At that moment, I realized two things. First, my boy had become a man. Second, it was clear that our roles had changed.”（在那一刻，我意识到
61、两件事。首先，我的儿子已经长大成人。第二，很明显我们的角色发生了变化。）可推知，作者到纽约探望儿子，使她意识到儿子已经变得成熟可靠。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“There can be magic in the touch of a hand that loves you. It brings comfort and a silent promise that says, “I am here and you are not alone.”（在爱你的手的触摸中会有魔力。它带给你安慰和一个无声的承诺:“我在这里，你并不孤单。”）可知，作者的写作目的是为了来展示用手触碰的力量
62、。故选C。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Winners and Losers in the Race of LifeOur societies have advanced tendencies to label certain people winners and others-logically enough - losers._16_And yet the more confusing and complex truth is that life is really made up of a n
63、umber of races. There are races for money and fame. But there are also races that measure other kinds of skills worth respecting. There is a race for who can remain calmest in the face of frustration. _17_ There are races focused on how good they are at getting pleasure from autumn fruits.A striking
64、 fact about the multi-race event of life is, quite simply, that no one is ever able to end up a winner in every genre of competition available. _18_ When we have failed in certain races in the long journey of life, we keep ample opportunities to train and develop our strength to win in others. We ma
65、y never again be able to compete in the race for fame, honor or money, but its still entirely open to us to compete in the race for kindness, friendship and forgiveness. We may even win at the not insignificant race for enjoying ones own company or sleeping very soundly._19_ There is only a person w
66、ho has won in some areas and messed up in others. We never entirely fail at life itself. When we feel depressed and isolated, the universe is just giving us another chance. _20_ Only by showing gratitude to life can we learn to win.A. Lets smile to life.B. They will lose in the less familiar races.C
67、. In that case, life might be a singular race.D. There is no such thing as a winner or a loser in nature.E. There is a race measuring how gifted someone is at friendshipF. If so, it follows that one cannot be a loser at everything eitherG. One could neatly rank all the competitors from highest to lo
68、west.【答案】16. C 17. E 18. F 19. D 20. A【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。阐述了何为生活并不是单一的比赛，而是多重多种比赛。一个人不可能永远都是失败者，也不可能永远都是成功者。我们可能在一些领域成功，也可能在某些领域成功。无论成功还是失败，我们都要笑对生活，感恩生活。【16题详解】根据上文“Our societies have advanced tendencies to label certain people winners and others-logically enough - losers.( 我们的社会有一种先进的倾向，即给某些人贴上“赢家”的标签
69、，而把另一些人贴上“输家”的标签)”，下文“And yet the more confusing and complex truth is that life is really made up of a number of races.( 然而，更令人困惑和复杂的事实是，生活实际上是由许多比赛组成的)”。根据转折词yet可知，前后语义相反。作者认为给人们打上失败者或者成功者的标签是将生活看作单一的比赛。C项“In that case, life might be a singular race.( 在这种情况下，生活是一场单一的比赛)”符合题意。故选C项。【17题详解】根据第二段段首“And
70、 yet the more confusing and complex truth is that life is really made up of a number of races.( 然而，更令人困惑和复杂的事实是，生活实际上是由许多比赛组成的)”。以及本段后面的句式“There are races”、“there are also races”、“There is a race”可知，本段在介绍各种比赛，E选项“There is a race measuring how gifted someone is at friendship(有衡量一个人在友谊方面的天赋比赛)”的句式和主题都
71、和本段一致。故选E项。【18题详解】根据前文“A striking fact about the multi-race event of life is, quite simply, that no one is ever able to end up a winner in every genre of competition available.(一个显著的关于多重比赛的生活的事实，就是没有人能够在任何类型的比赛中最终成为赢家。)”和下文“When we have failed in certain races in the long journey of life, we keep am
72、ple opportunities to train and develop our strength to win in others.(当我们在生活的漫长旅途中在某些比赛中失败了，我们有足够的机会去训练和发展在其他比赛中胜利的力量。)”可知，作者本段旨在论述没有人能够在人生的任何比赛中都取得胜利，不可能永远是赢家，也不可能永远是输家。F项“If so, it follows that one cannot be a loser at everything either(如果是这样，由此可见人也不可能永远都是失败者。)”符合题意。故选F项。【19题详解】根据下文“There is only
73、a person who has won in some areas and messed up in others. We never entirely fail at life itself.(只有在一些领域获胜，在一些领域搞砸的人。我们不会在生活中永远失败。)”根据“only”可知，作者这里想要总结论述，呼应前文。没有所谓的生活的失败者和成功者，只有在某些领域成功，在某些领域失败的人。D项“There is no such thing as a winner or a loser in nature.(事实上，没有胜利者和失败者。)”。故选D项。【20题详解】根据上文“We never
74、entirely fail at life itself. When we feel depressed and isolated, the universe is just giving us another chance.(当我们感到沮丧和孤立时，这个世界正在给我们另一个机会。)”和下文“Only by showing gratitude to life can we learn to win.(只有感恩生活，我们才能学会胜利。)”可知，作者文中提到的“chance”和“gratitude”就是对生活报以微笑。故选A项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小
75、题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As America continued to suffer from the pandemic (流行病), there were some ordinary individuals who held us together.Here is how one _21_ went. Louis Galvan was clearing off table 411, where a couple of his most loyal customers had _22_ dinne
76、r. Like many others, his restaurant was hurting. The restaurants had just _23_ some workers for the baseball season. More than 30 of his employees were counting on a big opening day that would never _24_. In the days before the governor _25_ his states restaurants, Galvan was especially _26_ for reg
77、ulars such as the ones at table 411. That night, they had_27_ about $90 worth of food. But it was the _28_ theyd left behind that blew him away. _29_, it was two tips. One was $1,900 in cash. The other written on the credit card receipt, was $7,500. The couple _30_ left a handwritten note on the rec
78、eipt: “Hold it to _31_ your guys over the next few weeks.”“We were _32_ that they were so generous. We didnt _33_ it. They went above and beyond what was _34_. I wasnt sure if we were going to stay open, but _35_ we have someone like that, were going to keep going. We will be offering food orders to
79、 go.” said Galvan. He divided the money _36_ among the employees, so everyone got about $300. _37_, Galvan could now pay the tip forward. “If theres anyone who does not have food to eat, _38_ just needs a glass of water, they are _39_ to come by. We are here _40_ our community.” Galvan said.21. A. s
80、toryB. projectC. recordD. saying22. A. begunB. finishedC. takenD. served23. A. firedB. helpedC. hiredD. introduced24. A. goB. workC. endD. come25. A. calledB. designedC. advertisedD. closed26. A. goodB. annoyedC. gratefulD. sorry27. A. cookedB. orderedC. reservedD. donated28. A. tipB. dishC. foodD.
81、ticket29. A. SuddenlyB. ActuallyC. FortunatelyD. Generally30. A. alreadyB. yetC. alsoD. still31. A. observeB. recommendC. testD. pay32. A. anxiousB. smartC. embarrassedD. amazed33. A. resistB. explainC. expectD. recognize34. A. importantB. necessaryC. obviousD. lucky35. A. knowingB. promisingC. imag
82、iningD. pretending36. A. equallyB. possiblyC. partlyD. accidentally37. A. In either caseB. On the contraryC. Whats moreD. Regardless of that38. A. soB. butC. andD. or39. A. welcomeB. willingC. responsibleD. confident40. A. withinB. forC. beyondD. by【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A
83、 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Louis Galvan的餐厅受到疫情影响，为棒球赛季雇佣的许多员工永远等不到盛大开业日的到来了。而当Galvan在清理桌子时却得到了一对夫妇留下的巨额小费，Galvan对此感到感激和惊讶，他把钱平均分给了员工，还用为需要帮助的人提供食物和水的方式把小费的善举传递下去。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：下面就是这样一个故事。A. story故事；B. project项目；C. record记录；D. sa
84、ying言论。根据后文内容可知，主要讲述了Louis Galvan受到顾客巨额小费的故事。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Louis Galvan正在清理411号桌，他的几个最忠实的顾客已经在那里吃完晚饭。A. begun开始；B. finished结束；C. taken带走；D. served服务。根据上文“Louis Galvan was clearing off table 411”可知，Galvan在清理桌子，说明顾客已经结束了晚餐。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：餐馆刚刚为这个棒球赛季雇佣了一些工人。A. fired解雇；B. helped帮助；C.
85、hired雇佣；D. introduced介绍。根据后文“for the baseball season. More than 30 of his employees”可知，餐厅为了棒球赛季雇佣了很多工人。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的30多名员工都指望着的盛大的开业日永远不会到来。A. go走，离开；B. work工作；C. end结束；D. come来。根据第一段“As America continued to suffer from the pandemic, there were some ordinary individuals who held us toge
86、ther.”可知，因为新冠疫情，大型集会活动不会进行，所以员工们期待的盛大的开业日不用到来了。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在主管人员关闭他所在州的餐馆之前，Galvan特别感谢像411桌这样的常客。A. called叫，打电话；B. designed设计；C. advertised建议；D. closed关闭。根据上文“Like many others, his restaurant was hurting.”可推测，餐厅因为疫情经营不下去，即将关门。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在州长关闭他所在州的餐馆之前，Galvan特别感谢像411桌这样的常客。A
87、. good好的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. grateful感激的；D. sorry抱歉的。根据后文“for regulars such as the ones at table 411”可知，常客经常来关照生意，所以Galvan特别感谢他们。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，他们点了价值90美元的食物。A. cooked烹饪；B. ordered点餐，命令；C. reserved保留；D. donated捐赠。根据后文“about $90 worth of food”可知，此处指点餐应用order。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但正是他们留下
88、的小费把他吓了一跳。A. tip小费，建议；B. dish菜，碟子；C. food食物；D. ticket车票。根据后文“it was two tips”可知，客人留下了小费。故选A项。29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，小费有两部分。A. Suddenly突然；B. Actually实际上；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Generally通常。根据后文“it was two tips. One was $1,900 in cash. The other written on the credit card receipt, was $7,500.”可知，小费实际上分为两部
89、分。故选B项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇还在收据上手写了一张便条：“拿着它，在接下来的几周付给你的伙计们发工资。”A. already已经；B. yet然而；C. also也，还；D. still仍然。根据后文“left a handwritten note”可知夫妇不仅留下了小费，还留下了一张便条。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇还在收据上手写了一张便条：“拿着它，在接下来的几周付给你的伙计们发工资。”A. observe观察；B. recommend推荐；C. test测试；D. pay支付。由前文可知因为疫情影响，这家店发不起工资快要关门了，结
90、合后文“your guys over the next few weeks”可知，这对夫妇希望Galvan用这笔钱来给伙计们付工资。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们如此慷慨，我们感到很惊讶。A. anxious焦虑的；B. smart聪明的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. amazed震惊的。根据后文“that they were so generous”以及上文“blew him away”可知，他们对客人的慷慨感到惊讶。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们没想到会这样。A. resist抵抗；B. explain解释；C. expect预料，
91、期待；D. recognize识别。上文提到他们感到惊讶，是因为这是他们没有预料到的事情。故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们做得超出了必要的范围。A. important重要的；B. necessary必要的；C. obvious明显的；D. lucky幸运的。根据语境，客人留下巨额小费来给Galvan作为支付员工工钱的行为，本来不是他们的分内之事，所以他们做出超出必要范围的事情。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不确定我们是否会继续营业，但知道我们有这样的顾客，我们会继续营业。A. knowing知道；B. promising承诺；C. imagining
92、想象；D. pretending假装。根据上文“I wasnt sure if we were going to stay open, but”可知，but表示转折，说明Galvan虽然不确定是否会继续营业，但知道他们有这样的顾客，他们会继续营业。故选A项。【36题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他把钱平均分给员工，每个人得到大约300美元。A. equally平均地；B. possibly可能地；C. partly部分地；D. accidentally偶然。根据后文“among the employees, so everyone got about $300”可知，这笔小费是平均分配给员工的
93、。故选A项。【37题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：此外，Galvan现在可以把这笔小费传递下去。A. In either case无论发生何种情况；B. On the contrary相反；C. Whats more而且，此外；D. Regardless of that不管。结合后文“Galvan could now pay the tip forward.”可知，上文提到Galvan把这笔小费平均分给了员工，此外他还可以把这笔小费传递下去。故选C项。【38题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果有人没有食物吃，或者只是需要一杯水，我们欢迎他们来。A. so所以；B. but但是；C. and并且
94、；D. or或者。根据前后文“theres anyone who does not have food to eat,”和“they are welcome to come by”可知，此处表达没有饭吃或只是需要一杯水，都欢迎过来，所以应用or连接两个动作。故选D项。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果有人没有食物吃，或者只是需要一杯水，我们欢迎他们来。A. welcome受欢迎的；B. willing乐意的；C. responsible负责的；D. confident自信的。此处对应上文“Galvan could now pay the tip forward”可知，Galvan想把
95、这笔小费的善举传递下取，因此他欢迎那些没有食物或需要水的人来店里。故选A项。【40题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我们是为了我们的社区而存在的。A. within在之内；B. for为了；C. beyond超过；D. by通过。结合句意，表示“为了”，应用介词for。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Newly-developed robotic arms _41_(show) on Tuesday in east Chinas Anhui Province. The robotic arms, devel
96、oped by researchers at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), have advance grasping abilities compared _42_ those on the market. They can complete flexible movements including _43_ (pick) up pieces of paper, bowls, soft tofu and cakes and placing them in certain places accurately.
97、 With the arms, robots can grasp and place different objects _44_ (steady) after judging the shape and size of the item.The current robotic arms in China can hardly conduct such complex movements, _45_ imported robotic arms with such functions are very expensive.The new robotic arms cost no more tha
98、n 1,000 yuan, said Chen Xiaoping, _46_ (direct) of the Robotics Laboratory at USTC, adding that this gives them an advantage for much _47_ (wide) application.According to Chen, the arms _48_ (be) first installed on Kejia, _49_ home service robot developed by USTC, and are expected _50_ (use) in more
99、 fields such as the elderly care services and logistics in the future.【答案】41. were shown 42. with/to 43. picking 44. steadily 45. and 46. director 47. wider 48. will be 49. a 50. to be used【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章简要介绍了中国机械手研究所取得的成就。【41题详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：新研发的机械臂周二在中国东部的安徽省展出。由句中的时间状语 on Tuesday 及主语 robotic
100、 arms和show之间为动宾关系可知，这里应该用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were shown。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：这款由中国科学技术大学研究人员研发的机械臂拥有比市场上现有机械臂更先进的抓取能力。此处，compare with/to是固定搭配，意为“和相比”，故填to或with。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们可以完成灵活的动作，包括拿纸，碗，软豆腐和蛋糕，并把它们准确地放在一定的地方。including是介词，后接动名词短语作宾语，空处和后面的placing构成并列关系，故填picking。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：通过手臂，机器人可以在判断物体的形状和大小后，稳定
101、地抓取和放置不同的物体。这里用副词steadily修饰place different objects,作方式状语，意为”持续地，稳固地”。故填steadily。【45题详解】考查并列连词。句意：目前中国的机械臂很难进行这样复杂的运动，而进口具有这种功能的机械臂价格非常昂贵。两个分句分别说明了当前国内机械手的不足之处和进口的同类功能的机械手价格昂贵，由此可知两个分句之间是并列关系。故填and。【46题详解】考查名词。句意：陈小平，中国科学技术大学机器人实验室主任补充说，这使它们在更广泛的应用中具有优势。此处用direct的名词形式director作Chen Xiaoping的同位语，意为“主管，
102、负责人”。故填director。【47题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：陈小平，中国科学技术大学机器人实验室主任补充说，这使它们在更广泛的应用中具有优势。由语境和前面的修饰语much可知，这里应该用比较级。故填wider。【48题详解】考查动词时态。句意：据陈介绍，这些武器将首先安装在“Kejia”上。由句中的时间状语in the future可知，此处应该用一般来时。故填will be。49题详解】考查冠词。句意：“Kejia”，中国科技大学研发的家政机器人，未来有望应用于养老服务、物流等更多领域。这里应该用不定冠词表示一类事物中的一个，home是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。【50题
103、详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“Kejia”，中国科技大学研发的家政机器人，未来有望应用于养老服务、物流等更多领域。因为本句的主语是the arms，谓语是are expected，且arms与use之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处应用不定式的被动式，即sth. is expected to be done。故填to be used。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处
104、加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。I will never forget the day on that my father taught me how to fly a kiteIt was spring and the sun was shining brightly with wind blowing gentle. When we set off to the riverside with a new
105、 kite, I felt extremely exciting. At first my father held the kite for me, told me to run as quickly as I could when he threw the kite into the air. Although the kite fell to the ground again and again, but I kept on trying with help of my father. Finally I got the hang of them and managed to fly my
106、 kite high in the sky.It was then that I learn a valuable life lesson: we were likely to fail many time before we finally succeeded in doing something.【答案】1.thatwhich2.gentlegently3.tofor4.excitingexcited5.toldtelling6.去掉but7.with与help之间加the8.themit9.learnlearned10.timetimes【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者父
107、亲教自己放风筝，从中悟出了一个道理，失败是成功之母。【详解】第一处：考查定语从句关系词。句意：我永远不会忘记我父亲教我放风筝的那一天。先行词为the day，指物，后跟“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，that前不跟介词。故将that改为which。第二处：考查副词。句意：那是春天，阳光明媚，微风轻轻吹着。此处修饰动词blow应用副词。故将gentle改为gently。第三处：考查介词。句意：当我们带着一只新风筝动身去河边时，我感到异常兴奋。set off for为固定短语，意为“动身去”。故将to改为for。第四处：考查形容词。句意：当我们带着一只新风筝动身去河边时，我感到异常兴奋。exci
108、ting意为“令人兴奋的”，而此处是形容人的感受的，应用excited,表示兴奋的。故将exciting改为excited。第五处：考查非谓语动词。句意：起初，我的父亲为我拿着风筝，告诉我，当他把风筝扔到空中时，我要尽可能快地跑。句子的主语为my father,谓语动词为held,故told应改为非谓语动词形式。又因tell与其逻辑主语之间为主谓关系，故应用现在分词形式在句中作状语。故把told改为telling。第六处：考查连词。句意：虽然风筝一次又一次地掉到地上，我在父亲的帮助下继续尝试。句首有Although,不可与but连用。故去掉but。第七处：考查固定搭配中的冠词。句意：虽然风筝一
109、次又一次地掉到地上，我在父亲的帮助下继续尝试。with the help of sb.意为在某人的帮助下”，为固定用法。故在with与help之间加the。第八处：考查代词。句意：最后我掌握了放风筝的要领，使我的风筝在空中飞得很高。此处指的是掌握了放风筝这件事的要领。故将them改为it。第九处：考查动词时态。句意：就在那时，我学到了人生中宝贵的一课:在我们最终成功做某事之前，我们可能会失败很多次。此处表示正是在那时候，作者学到了宝贵的人生一课。本文整体时态为一般过去时，谓语动词was也提示了此处应该用一般过去时，故把learn改为learned。第十处：考查名词的数。句意：就在那时，我学到了
110、人生中宝贵的一课：在我们最终成功做某事之前，我们可能会失败很多次。time在此处为可数名词，且其前有many修饰，故应用复数形式，表示许多次。故将time改为times。第二节 书面表达(满分25分)52. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Terry一行人要来你市体验元宵节，他请你帮他们预订酒店。请你给他回复一封电子邮件，要点如下：1.表示欢迎；2.询问到达时间；3.询问具体要求（价位、房间数等）。注意：词数100左右；【答案】Dear Terry,Im delighted to learn that youve decided to have a taste of the Lantern Fest
111、ival in our city. Im also pleased to reserve a hotel for you in advance. But I need some details of your travel.Firstly, when will you arrange to come and what time will your flight arrive at the airport?If Im available then, Ill pick you up at the airport. Besides, prices of a hotel room range from
112、 399 to 999, so which kind of rooms do you prefer? And more importantly, how many rooms do you exactly need? Only if I figure out all of the questions can I make reservations for you.Please give me more detailed information about your schedule. Looking forward to your early coming.YoursLi Hua【解析】【分析
113、】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生回复一封电子邮件，帮英国朋友Terry一行人预订酒店。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：delighted glad/happy/pleased体验：have a taste of experience提前：in advance ahead of time期望：look forward to expect2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Please give me more detailed information about your schedule.拓展句：I would appreciate it if you give me more detailed information about your schedule.【点睛】高分句型1 Im delighted to learn that youve decided to have a taste of the Lantern Festival in our city. (运用了that引导宾语从句)高分句型2 Only if I figure out all of the questions can I make reservations for you. (运用了部分倒装结构)
