1、2014高考英语阅读理解抓分精品练习（23）及答案 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ALife is difficultThis is a great truth, one of the greatest truths. It is a great truth because once we truly see this truth, we transcend it. Once we truly know that life is difficult-once we truly understand and accept it-then life is n
2、o longer difficult. Because once it is accepted, the fact that life is difficult no longer matters.Most do not fully see this truth. Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy. It seems to them that difficulties represent a special kind of suffering especia
3、lly forced upon them or else upon their families, their class, or even their nation.What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one. Problems, depending on their nature, cause us sadness, or loneliness or regret or anger or fear. These are uncomfortable
4、feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain. And since life causes an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.Yet, it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning. Problems are the serious test that tells us succes
5、s from failure. When we desire to encourage the growth of human spirit, we encourage the human ability to solve problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn. As Benjamin Franklin said, those things tha
6、t hurt, instruct. It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems. 1. From the passage, it can be inferred that _. A. everybody has problems B. we become stronger by meeting and solving the problems of life C. life is difficult because our problems bring
7、us pain D. people like to complain about their problems 2. The writer probably used just one short sentence in the first paragraph to _. A. save spaceB. persuade readers C. make readers laughD. get readers attention 3. The main idea of Paragraph 3 is that _. A. most people feel life is easy B. the w
8、riter feels life is easy C. the writer likes to complain about his problems D. most people complain about how hard their lives are 4. According to the passage, we give school children difficult problems to solve in order to_. A. encourage them to learn B. teach them to fear the pain of solving the p
9、roblem C. help them learn to deal with pain D. teach them how to respect from problems 5. The saying from Benjamin Franklin “Those things that hurt, instruct” suggests that _. A. we do not learn from experienceB. we do not learn when we are in painC. pain teaches us important lessonsD. pain cannot b
10、e avoided【参考答案】BDDAC BParents, our first teachers, play a highly significant role in our livesHowever, doesnt it seem that many of us come to have conflicts with them when we start high school? Were less likely to listen to them and take their suggestions-we even rebel against them.Why? It may be th
11、e so-called “generation gap”. A generation gap appears when we begin to feel our parents are ignoring us, dont understand us, and we feel we can no longer share our feelings with them.The key reason is our desire for independence. In senior high school, we start to want to take responsibility for ou
12、r own lives and make our own decisions. But parents resist this. They still want to control us and try to force us to do things they think we should do. Debate and discussion often come to nothing. Gradually, we talk with them less, and keep our feelings locked up inside.Zhang Xiaoyun, 16, of Ningbo
13、, Zhejiang, has talked less and less with her mother since she started senior high school. “She believes studies should be my priority, not my inner world,” Zhang said. “Each day, she asks me the same old questions like, How was your last exam? or Have you made any progress in physics?” To Zhang, th
14、ese questions are annoying and so she always tries to ignore them and answers perfunctorily. “Sometimes, when I get upset, I quarrel with her. After, she comes to apologize and comfort me. But I know, she doesnt completely understand me,” Zhang said. Now, a home that was once full of laughter has fa
15、llen into gloom and silence.The generation gap can be harmful. Because of the lack of communication, our parents no longer know what we are thinking about. There are quarrels, even over trivial things. When that happens, we may not be able to concentrate on our studies. Some of us even become afraid
16、 to go home after school-a very serious situation for the whole family.6. Which of the following is not included in the passage?A. The causes of generation gap.B. The effects of generation gap.C. One example of generation gap.D. Ways of narrowing generation gap.7. Which of the following is one reaso
17、n for the generation gap according to the passage?A. Modern society changing very fast.B. Parents having unrealistic hopes of their children.C. Parents and kids not understanding and respecting each other.D. Young people liking to escape from the control of their parents.8. Which of the following wo
18、rds has the closest meaning to the underlined word “perfunctorily”?A. attentively B. indifferently(冷淡地)C. flatteringly(奉承地)D. seriously9. In the view of the author, _.A. parents should allow their children more freedomB. parents and children should not stay togetherC. the younger generation should v
19、alue the older generationD. academic records are more important than ones inner world【参考答案】DCBA 真题及模拟2013山东卷 George Gershwin, born in 1898, was one of Americas greatest composers. He published his first song when he was eighteen years old. During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred
20、 songs.Many of Gershwins songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City. These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s. Many of his songs have remained popular as ever. Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way fr
21、om jazz to country.In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music. Could jazz, some people asked, be considered serious music? In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music. Gershwin agreed to
22、 compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it. And in that short time, he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue. Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert. The audience were thrilled when they heard his music. It mad
23、e him worldfamous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.In 1928, Gershwin went to Paris. He applied to study composition (作曲)with the wellknown musician Nadia Boulanger, but she rejected him. She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazzinfluenced style. While there,
24、 Gershwin wrote An American in Paris. When it was first performed, critics (评论家)were divided over the music. Some called it happy and full of life, to others it was silly and boring. But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States. It still remains one of his most famous works.George G
25、ershwin died in 1937, just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer. He was only thirtynine years old. Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages. People mourned the loss of the man and all the music he might have still written.61Many of Gershwins musical works were
26、_Awritten about New Yorkers Bcomposed for Paul WhitemanCplayed mainly in the countryside Dperformed in various ways62What do we know about the concert organized by Whiteman?AIt attracted more people to theatres. BIt proved jazz could be serious music.CIt made Gershwin leader of the orchestra. DIt ca
27、used a debate among jazz musicians.63What did Gershwin do during his stay in Paris?AHe created one of his best works. BHe studied with Nadia Boulanger.CHe argued with French critics. DHe changed his music style.64What do we learn from the last paragraph?AMany of Gershwins works were lost.BThe death
28、of Gershwin was widely reported.CA concert was held in memory of Gershwin.DBrain cancer research started after Gershwins death.65Which of the following best describes Gershwin?ATalented and productive. BSerious and boring.CPopular and unhappy. DFriendly and honest.【要点综述】 这是一篇人物传记。文章主要讲述了美国著名作曲家乔治格什温
29、的生平以及他在音乐方面的巨大贡献。61D考查细节理解。从第二段的“Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible wayfrom jazz to country.”可知，乔治格什温的音乐作品是以各种形式演唱或演奏的。故选D。62B考查推理判断。根据第三段的“Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert. The audience were thrilled when they heard his music. It made him worldfamous and
30、 showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.”可知，这个音乐会充分证明爵士音乐流行的同时，也可以庄重、严肃。63A考查细节理解。从第四段的第二句可知B项不正确；从第四段的“When it was first performed, critics were divided over the music.”可知，不是格什温与评论家争辩，故C项不正确；没有提到他音乐风格的改变，故D项不正确；从第四段的最后一句“It still remains one of his most famous works.”可知A项是正确的。64B考
31、查推理判断。从最后一段的“Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.”可知，世界各地的报纸对格什温的去世进行了广泛的报道。故选B。65A考查推理判断。从全文看乔治格什温创作了很多的音乐，其演奏的形式多样化，并得到观众赞赏，这体现了他是一位很有才华，且多产的作曲家。故选A。Bobby Moresco grew up in New Yorks Hells Kitchen, a tough working-class neighborhood on Manhattans West Side. But H
32、ells Kitchen lies right next door to Broadway, and the bright lights attracted Bobby from the time he was a teen. Being stage-struck was hardly what a street kid could admit to his partners. Fearing their ridicule, he told no one, not even his girlfriend, when he started taking acting lessons at age
33、 17. If you were a kid from the neighborhood, you became a cop, construction worker, longshoreman or criminal. Not an actor. Moresco struggled to make that long walk a few blocks east. He studied acting, turned out for all the cattle calls, and during the decade of the 1970s made a total of $2,000.
34、“I wasnt a good actor, but I had a driving need to do something different with my life,” he says. He moved to Hollywood, where he drove a cab and worked as a bartender(酒保). “My father said, Stop this craziness and get a job; you have a wife and daughter. But Moresco kept working at his chosen craft.
35、 Then in 1983 his younger brother Thomas was murdered in a mob-linked killing. Moresco moved back to his old neighborhood and started writing as a way to explore the pain and the patrimony（继承物）of Hells Kitchen. Half-Deserted Streets, based on his brothers killing, opened at a small Off-Broadway thea
36、ter in 1988. A Hollywood producer saw it and asked him to work on a screenplay. His reputation grew, and he got enough assignments to move back to Hollywood. By 2003, he was again out of work and out of cash when he got a call from Paul Haggis, a director who had befriended him. Haggis wanted help w
37、riting a film about the country after September 11. The two worked on the writing, but every studio in town turned it down. They kept pitching it. Studio executives, however, thought no one wanted to see a severe, honest vision of race and fear and lives in collision(冲突、碰撞) in modern America. Moresc
38、o believed so strongly in the script that he borrowed money, sold his house. He and Haggis kept pushing. At last the writers found an independent film producer who would take a chance, but the upfront money was too little, Moresco delayed his salary. Crash slipped into the theaters in May 2005, and
39、quietly became both a hit and a critical success. It was nominated for six Academy Awards and won three-Best Picture, Best Film Editing and Best Writing (Original Screenplay) by Paul Haggis and the kid from Hells Kitchen. At age 54, Bobby Moresco became an overnight success. “If you have something y
40、ou want to do in life, dont think about the problems,” he says, “think about other ways to get it done.” 10. Rearrange the following statements in term of time order:a. His work Half-Deserted Streets drew attention as it opened at a small Off-Broadway theater.b. Unexpectedly Crash became both a hit
41、and a huge success.c. He moved to Hollywood to be a taxi driver and a waiter.d. He started to learn acting in spite of hardness with the belief of doing something different.e. His younger brother Thomas was killed in conflict among bullies.A. d; c; e; a; b B. d; e; c; b; a C. c; d; e; a; b D. c; e;
42、d; b; a 11. Why Bobby Moresco did not tell anyone that he started taking lessons at age 17?A. He wanted to give his girlfriend a surprise.B. His girlfriend did not allow him to do this.C. He was afraid of being laughed at.D. He had no talent for acting.12. The Studio executives turned the script Cra
43、sh down because _.A. they thought the script would not be popularB. the script was not well written.C. they had no money to make the film based on the script.D. they thought Moresco was not famous.13. Whats the best title of the passage? A. The Road to Success来源:B. Try It a Different WayC. A Talente
44、d man-MorescoD. Morescos Perseverance 14. Which of the following can best describe Bobby Moresco?A. initiative(主动的) and persistent(坚持的)B. shy but hardworking C. caring and braveD. aggressive and modest【参考答案】 ACABA2013北京卷 Tail SpinTwo dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park. The smaller
45、dolphin, Grace, shows off a few of her tricks, turning around and waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thing about her, however, is that shes even swimming at all. She doesnt have a tail.Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap.When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean
46、Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it？” Her trainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make itbut her tail didnt. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle.Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolph
47、ins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move another waylike a fish! She pushes herself forward through the water by moving her peduncle from side to side.The movements put harmful pressure on Graces backbone. So a company offered to create a manmade tail fo
48、r her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldnt hurt her.The first time Grace wore the artificial tail, she soon shook it off and let it sink to the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour
49、 at a time, others not at all. “The new tail isnt necessary for her to feel comfortable，” says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion(动作) and build muscles(肌肉)”Now, the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her
50、rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her manmade tail gives people so much courage.60When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her _. A. physical build B. potent
51、ial abilityC. chance of survival D. adaptation to the surroundings61A manmade tail is created for Grace to _A. let her recover faster B. make her comfortableC. adjust her way of swimming D. help her perform better tricks62The story of Grace inspires people to _A. stick to their dreams B. treat anima
52、ls friendlyC. treasure what they have D. face difficulties bravely【要点综述】 这是一篇关于海豚的故事，讲述的是一只断尾的海豚。它的尾巴在一次事故中丧失。在训导员的训练下，它克服了困难，学会了使用假尾巴，像其他海豚一样在水中遨游。它还成了一部电影中的明星，它的勇气感动了人们。60C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“fighting for her life”可知，它在为活下去而挣扎，所以选C。61C 细节理解题。根据第三段末和第四段，可知它改变的游动方式给它带来了有害的压力，所以一家公司才给它装了条假尾巴。故选C。62D 推理判断题。本文的目的就是通过描写一个断了尾巴的海豚勇敢地活下去的故事，来鼓励人们勇敢地面对困难。所以选D。
