1、（天津专用）2021届高三英语下学期5月模拟试题1（含解析）（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：130分）注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节 单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1It is everybodys desir
2、e that every effort _ to reduce the pollution in our city.Awas madeBbe madeCwill be madeDwould be made2Chris _ go to the opera on Sunday because he is going to have a meeting.AcantBmightCmustntDshould3His grandfather is _old _ lift the heavy box.AtootoBenoughtoCsotoDasas4The young man, _several atte
3、mpts to beat the world record in jumping, decided to have another try.AmadeBto makeChaving madeDmaking5Chris tried to get his work _ in the literature circles.Ato recognizeBrecognizingCrecognizeDrecognized6I would like to live in a country _it often snows in winter.AthatBwhichCwhenDwhere7What do you
4、 think of the party _ last night?AholdingBto be heldCholdDheld8By the end of last term we _the book.AfinishedBhad finishedCfinishDhave finished9It remains to be seen _ the new school rules can be put into practice.AthatBwhichCwhatDwhether10According to the information _ Tuesday morning, the fire had
5、 claimed five peoples lives.AupdateBupdatesCupdatedDupdating11The UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.AthatBwhichCwhoDwhose12The rain came so suddenly that _ I could find a _ to hide, it had begun pouringAafter, reserveBbefore, reserveCafter, shel
6、terDbefore, shelter13In this game you were asked to work together as a team and solve problems as they _.AroseBaroseCraisedDarise14His speech _ the audience.Amade a strong impression inBmade a strong impressive onCmade a strong impression onDmade a strong impress on15 What a mess! Youre always lazy!
7、 I am not to blame, Mum. Im _ you have made me.AbecauseBwhyCwhatDthat第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Four students from a German high school choir wrote a letter to Peng Liyuan. Singing 16 songs was the happiest part of the day when we studied at home, they
8、 said. The letter, written in Chinese, was in reply to a letter from Peng on Feb 9th to the students and teachers at Burg Gymnasium, 17 them to contribute to promoting the 18 of China and Germany.The students said they have 19 Pengs letter many times and are very 20 . “We feel so proud after knowing
9、 that you even 21 our video,“ they wrote in the letter, 22 a video clip in which students 23 a Chinese song.Simone Reuen, the principal of Burg Gymnasium, said in her letter to Peng that she was 24 happy that the school had received so much 25 . “Your letter is a great praise, acknowledgement and 26
10、 to not only our school but also the 27 of our schools Chinese choir； Reuen wrote.Reuen said that she believed that their songs have played a 28 but very important role in the 29 and mutual （相互的）learning between people in Germany and China. She said she was 30 of the students for 31 the distances be
11、tween the two peoples.The students and teachers at the school asked the Chinese 32 in Germany to forward the 33 letters to Peng, together with works of calligraphy and other 34 made by the students.Burg Gymnasium has been 35 Chinese language courses since 1994. In March 2014, Peng visited the school
12、 and joined a Chinese class there during Xis state visit to Germany.16AEnglishBGermanCChineseDAmerican17AappointingBencouragingCrequiringDpromising18AfriendshipBeducationCtourismDeconomy19AreceivedBimitatedCexplainedDread20AanxiousBcuriousCexcitedDtired21AwatchedBpromotedCobservedDstudied22Aengaging
13、 inBrelying onCreferring toDadding to23AwroteBsangCrecitedDtranslated24AextremelyBapproximatelyCgraduallyDconstantly25ApermissionBadmissionCtreatmentDrecognition26AdonationBinspirationCawardDpossession27AlaborBexperimentCexperienceDwork28AslightBheavyCgreatDcritical29AentertainmentBnegotiationsCexch
14、angesDcompetition30AafraidBproudCfondDashamed31AstrengtheningBdeletingCwideningDshortening32AembassyBclubCassociationDcommunity33AcomplaintBgratitudeCinvitationDapplication34AfoodsBremarksCreportsDgifts35AevaluatingBoffering Ccontrolling Dexpecting第二部分 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)AWhile it is impossibl
15、e to live completely free of stress, it is possible to prevent stress as well as reduce its effect when it cant be avoided. The US Department of Health and Human Services offers the following suggestions for ways to deal with stress. Try physical activityWhen you are nervous, angry or upset, try rel
16、easing the pressure through exercise or physical activity. Running, walking, playing tennis, and working in your garden are just some of the activities you might try. Take care of yourselfYou should make every effort to eat well and get enough rest. If you easily get angry and cant sleep well enough
17、, or if youre not eating properly, it will be more likely that you will fall into stressful situations. If stress repeatedly keeps you from sleeping, you should consult a doctor. Make time for yourselfSchedule time for both work and entertainment. Dont forget, play can be just as important to your o
18、verall well-being as work. You need a break from your daily routine to just relax and have fun. Go window-shopping or work on a hobby. Allow yourself at least a half hour each day to do something you enjoy. Make a list of things to doStress can result from disorganization and a feeling that “theres
19、so much to do, and not enough time”. Trying to take care of everything at once can be too much for you and as a result, you may not achieve anything. Instead, make a list of everything you have to do, then do one thing at a time, checking off each task as it is completed. Set out to do the most impo
20、rtant task first.36Which of the following statements shows that you have fallen into stressful situations?AYou cant sleep well all the time.BYou have a break after work.CYou always feel happy and relaxed.DYou only do one thing at a time.37According to the passage, how do you make a list of things to
21、 do?ATry to take care of everything at once.BDo one thing at a time.COnly do the most important thing.DHave a break from your work.38Why does the writer write this passage?ATo give opinion.BTo give suggestions.CTo make a request.DTo ask for advice.39What is the best title for the passage?AHow to Dea
22、l with Stress?BHow to Make Time for Yourself?CHow to Take Care of Yourself?DHow to Make a List of Things to Do?40Which of the following would be the advice to deal with stress according to the passage?AJust lie in bed for a rest.BAlways listen to pop music.CInsist on doing work.DMake a list to do th
23、ings one by one.BBrushing your teeth twice a day should keep the dentist away. But if a group of scientific researchers have their wish, it will make the rest of your body healthy too. A toothbrush that checks blood sugar and bacteria while you brush is currently in development in the USAIt is one o
24、f many gadgets（小器械） proposed by engineers and doctors at the Center for Future Health in New York.The gadgets seem fanciful, but the basic principles are simple. The gadgets should make it easy for people to detect illness long before it strikes and so seek treatment far earlier than normal. Instead
25、 of relying on hi-tech hospitals, the emphasis（重点） is shifted to the home and easy-to-use gadgets. In the long run, the technology may even prevent illness by encouraging us to lead healthier lives.Intelligent bandages are a good example. Powerful sensors within the bandage could quickly identify ti
26、ny amounts of bacteria in a wound and determine what medicine would work best. The cut could then be treated instantly.The biggest development is melanoma（黑色素瘤） monitor designed to give early warnings of cancer. It could be used to take a picture of your body each week, and then compare it to previo
27、us images. If a problem is found, the system would advise you to get a check-up.If all this sounds worrying, then help is at hand. Experts are also working on a “digital doctor”, complete with a comforting bedside manner. A standard computer would be able to understand your voice and answer question
28、s about your symptoms in plain English and in a way which could calm your nerves.Stress is no sweat either. A portable communication aid could recognize certain phrases and tones and let you know when you are about to lose your temper. The software would also suggest ways of keeping your cool.Resear
29、chers are still struggling, however, with making the technology cheap and simple enough for the household user. That is going to be the difficult part.41The gadgets mentioned in Paragraph 1 _.Aare used only in hospitalsBare too complicated to operateChelp people recover from illnessDcan detect disea
30、se as soon as possible42A melanoma monitor can benefit _.Athose dealing with stressBpotential cancer patientsCpeople suffering a woundDpeople whove got toothache43The underlined part “keeping your cool” in Paragraph 6 can be replaced by “_”.Astaying calmBstopping sweatingCkeeping handsomeDexpressing
31、 in words44It is difficult for scientists to _.Apersuade people to use the gadgetsBdesign inventions to prevent illnessCcollect enough money for their workDmake the gadgets affordable and handy45Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AA Doctor in the HouseBHospitals in the FutureC
32、Tips for Brushing your TeethDThe History of Medical EquipmentCImagine taking to the skies, spreading your arms out and soaring（翱翔）through the clouds. Flying is indeed possible-in your dreams. But no one can control what happens in dreams, right? Wrong.Dreams in which you are aware that you are dream
33、ing and can control what happens are called lucid dreams（清醒梦）. These dreams are most common during the stage of sleep known as rapid eye movement（REM）sleep.Lucid dreaming has been referenced throughout history. Its mentioned in Greek philosopher Aristotles writing, as well as in Egyptian hieroglyphi
34、cs（象形文字）and in the oral traditions of Australian aborigines. However, it wasnt until 1975 that British psychologist Keith Hearne was credited as the first person to produce scientific proof that lucid dreams occur. Since then, we have learned much more about this phenomenon.According to a study publ
35、ished in the journal Consciousness and Cognition, 55 percent of people have had a lucid dream at least once in their lifetime, while 23 percent experience lucid dreams once a month or more. Though these numbers show that the majority of people dont have lucid dreams regularly, scientists are develop
36、ing new technology for those who want to have this experience. For example, Curzio Vasapollo invented a device called ZMax, a headband that can monitor eye movements, body movements and heart rate to help people have a lucid dream.But why would someone want to have lucid dreams? As it turns out, luc
37、id dreaming can have many benefits. Alix Generous, a young woman suffering from autism（自闭症）, said in her TED talk：“I love lucid dreaming because it allows me to be free，without judgment of social and physical consequences.” Also, learning how to have lucid dreams may help those who suffer from night
38、mares. Through being able to control their actions, they may be able to overcome the cause of their fear.Lucid dreams may encourage creativity as well. According to the website Notes Read, those who experience this dream state will find access to “an unbelievable fund of knowledge and inspiration”.
39、For example, British American filmmaker Christopher Nolan took inspiration from his own lucid dreams when he wrote the 2010 sci-fi movie Inception. Maybe one day, everyone can indulge in（沉浸在）lucid dreams.46What can we know about lucid dreaming?AIts likely to cause nightmares.BMost people experience
40、lucid dreams.CIt usually happens during REM sleep.DWe can sleepwalk when lucid dreaming.47From which source can you find scientific proof of lucid dreaming?AAristotles writing.BEgyptian hieroglyphics.CKeith Hearnes research.DAustralian aborigines oral traditions.48A device called ZMax was invented t
41、o help people who want _.Ato prevent nightmaresBto do some literary writingCto experience a lucid dreamDto have sweet dreams regularly49How does lucid dreaming benefit people?AIt can be a source of creativity.BIt is an effective cure for autism.CIt helps people adjust their heart rate.DIt enables pe
42、ople to become confident.50What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo demonstrate new technologies to treat sleep disorder.BTo give a general introduction of lucid dreaming.CTo describe an experiment about lucid dreaming.DTo present a way to deal with lucid dreaming.DScientists at the Department of
43、 Energys Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the California Institute of Technology have-in just two years-nearly doubled the number of materials known to have potential for use in solar fuels.They did so by developing a process that promises to speed the discovery of commercially viable (商业可行
44、性) generation of solar fuels that could replace coal, oil, and other fossil fuels.Solar fuels, a dream of clean-energy research, are created using only sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide. Researchers are exploring a range of possible target fuels, but one possibility is to produce hydrogen by split
45、ting water.Each water molecule (分子) consists of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms. The hydrogen atoms are extracted, and then can be reunited to create highly flammable hydrogen gas or combined with CO 2 to create hydrocarbon fuels, creating a plentiful and renewable energy source. The problem,
46、 however, is that water molecules do not simply break down when sunlight shines on them-if they did, the oceans would not cover most of the planet. They need a little help from a solar-powered catalyst (催化剂).To create practical solar fuels, scientists have been trying to develop low-cost and efficie
47、nt materials that perform the necessary chemistry using only visible light as an energy source.A new method was developed through a partnership between the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP) and Berkeley Labs Materials Project, using resources at the Molecular Foundry and the National
48、 Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSCC). JCAP focused on developing a cost-effective method of turning sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into fuel. It is led by Caltech with Berkeley Lab as a major partner. The Materials Project is a program based at Berkeley Lab that aims to remove
49、the guesswork from materials design in a variety of applications.“What is particularly significant about this study, which combines experiment and theory, is that in addition to identifying several new compounds for solar fuel applications, we can also learn something new about the basic electronic
50、structure of the materials themselves.” says Neaton, the director of the Molecular Foundry.51What can we learn from the first two paragraphs of the passage?ASome scientists promise to speed the discovery of commercially viable generation of solar fuels.BSome scientists have found twice as much solar
51、 fuel.CSome scientists found new materials in solar fuels that could replace traditional fuels.DSome scientists have used two types of solar fuel in just two years.52According to the passage, what can we do to create a plentiful and renewable energy source?AUse only sunlight, water, and carbon dioxi
52、de.BExtract hydrogen atoms from water molecule.CCreate hydrocarbon fuels from water molecule.DExplore possible target fuels.53A solar-powered catalyst can be used for _.Acreating a new energy source.Bbreaking down water molecules.Ccreating highly flammable hydrogen gas.Dreuniting hydrogen atoms extr
53、acted from water molecule.54What can be concluded from the last paragraph?AThe study will identify some solar fuels.BScientists can learn about the basic electronic structure of the new compounds.CThe study involves new theory and relative experiment.DThe most importance of the study is to find some
54、 solar fuel applications.55What does the passage focus on?ANew materials could turn water into the fuel of the future.BA new method was developed to create a renewable fuel.CA program that aims to split water and create a clean-energy research.DSolar fuels are a dream of clean-energy.第三部分 写作（共两节，满分3
55、5分）第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Bethany Hamilton has become a source of inspiration for millions through her story of faith, determination and hope. And now her story has become a major movie which is entitled Soul Surfer.Born into a family of surfers on February 8, 1990, on the isla
56、nd of Kauai Hawaii, Bethany began surfing at a young age. At the age of eight, Bethany entered her first surf competition- winning both the short and long board divisions and sparking a love for surf competition within her spirit.On October 31, 2003, at the age of 13. Bethany was attacked by a 14-fo
57、ot tiger shark while surfing just off the shore of Hawaii. Bethany said, “It came out of the blue. I had no warning at all; not even the slightest sign of danger on the horizon. The waves were small and inconsistent, and I was just kind of rolling along with them, relaxing on my board with my left a
58、rm dangling (悬摆) in the cool water. I remember thinking, I hope the surf picks up soon.”“Thats all it took: a split second. I felt a lot of pressure and a couple of lightning fast tugs(猛拽) .Then I watched in shock as the water around me turned bright red. Somehow, I stayed calm. My left arm was gone
59、 along with a huge piece of my surfboard.”Her friends had to get her to the beach which took 20 minutes of paddling. After losing more than 40 percent of her blood and making it through several surgeries, Bethany was well on her way to recovery due to an unbelievably positive attitude.In January 200
60、4, Bethany made her return to surf competition and with no intention of stopping, Bethany continued to enter and shine in competitions. Initially, she adopted a custom-made board that was longer and slightly thicker than standard and had a handle for her right arm, making it easier to paddle, and sh
61、e learned to kick more to make up for the loss of her left arm. Just over a year after the attack, she took first place- winning her first National Title. Now she competes with the worlds best and travels the globe.56What was Bethany Hamiltons dream when she was young? (No more than 10 words) _57Wha
62、t is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 3? (No more than 5 words) _58According to the passage, how did Bethany make a recovery? (No more than 10 words) _59How did Bethany surf when she started surfing again? (No more than 15 words) _60Please explain how you are inspired by Bethany Hamil
63、ton. (No more than 20 words) _第二节 书面表达(满分25分)61假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津，你的英国朋友Chris发来电子邮件很想了解有关你校高三学生体育活动的情况，请你回一封电子邮件进行介绍，内容包括:(1)你校高三体育课以及课间活动安排情况；(2)你最喜欢的一项体育活动；(3)简要说明体育活动对高三学生的意义。注意:(1)词数不少于100；(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。Dear Chris,Im glad to have received your email asking about our PE clas
64、ses and sports activities._ _ Yours, Li Jin【答案】【答案】1B【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：尽一切努力减少我们城市的污染是每个人的愿望。A. was made 被做出（一般过去时被动语态）；B. be made 被做出（虚拟语气）；C. will be made将被做（一般将来时被动语态）； D. would be made将被作（过去将来时被动语态）。分析句子该空是desire的同位语从句的谓语动词，主语是effort，应使用被动语态；名词desire的同位语从句应使用虚拟语气，should 加动词原形，should可省略。故选B项。2A【
65、详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：克里斯星期天不能去看歌剧了，因为他要开会。A. cant不能；B. might也许；C. mustnt禁止；D. should应该。根据“because he is going to have a meeting.”可知，克里斯不能去看歌剧。故选A。3A【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：他的爷爷太老了搬不动重箱子。A.tooto 太而不能；B.enoughto足够做； C. so.to 无此用法；D.asas 和一样。根据句意及常识可知，此处表示否定。故选A。4C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个年轻人尝试了几次，想打破跳远世界纪录，决定再试一次。句中逻辑主语Th
66、e young man与 make之间为主动关系，且从句的动作发生在主句动作decided to之前，所以用having done。故选C。5D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：克里斯努力让他的作品在文学界得到认可。句中动词get后宾语his work与recognize之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选D。6D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢住在冬天经常下雪的国家。句中先行词为country，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故选D。7D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你认为昨晚举办的派对怎么样？设空处在句中修饰party，根据句意可知，两者为被动关系，且动作已
67、经发生，所以应该用过去分词形式，表示被举办，故选D。8B【详解】考查时态。句意：到上学期末，我们已经读完了这本书。分析可知，设空处缺少一个谓语动词，再根据“By the end of last term”，表示到上学期末，所以设空处应该是“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时态，had+动词的过去分词，所以had finished符合题意，表示读完了这本书，故选B。9D【详解】考查主语从句。句意：新校规能否付诸实施还有待观察。A. that(无意义)；B. which哪一个，哪一些；C. what的人或事物；D. whether是否。分析句子可知，It为形式主语；空格处引导主语从句，引导词whethe
68、r“是否”引导从句，符合句意，在从句中不充当任何成分。故选D项。10C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：句意：据周二上午更新的消息，火灾已造成5人死亡。分析句子结构可知，空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词 information，动词update与其逻辑主语information之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故选C。11D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。句中先行词 the World Food Programme在非限制性定语从句中作名词purpose的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。故选D。12D【详解】考查时间
69、状语从句及名词词义辨析。句意：雨下得太突然了，我还没找到避雨的地方，雨就下起来了。根据语境可知此处指还没来得及找遮蔽物就下雨了，before引导时间状语从句，意为：在之前；还没来得及；之后，故第一个空填before。第二空前是冠词a，故空格填名词，由常识可知下雨时要避雨，故要找遮蔽物， shelter，名词，意为： 庇护；避难所；遮盖物。after：在之后；reserve：储备（量）；自然保护区。故选D。13B【详解】考查动词词义辨析和时态。句意：在这款游戏中，你需要作为一个团队一起工作，解决出现的问题。arise（问题、困难等）出现，不及物动词；rise（数字等）增加，上升，不及物动词；ra
70、ise提高，举起，筹集，及物动词。根据上文“you were asked”可知应用一般过去时，且此处指出现的问题，应用arose。故选B。14C【详解】考查短语。句意：他的演讲给观众留下了深刻的印象。分析可知，本题考查固定短语make a strong impression on sb.“给某人留下深刻印象”，结合语境可知陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故选C。15C【详解】考查表语从句引导词。句意：真是一团糟！你总是很懒！不应该责怪我，妈妈。是你让我成为这个样子的。分析句子可知，空处引导一个表语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语补足语，应用连接代词what引导。故选C项。【答案】16C17B18A1
71、9D20C21A22C23B24A25D26B27D28A29C30B31D32A33B34D35B【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是德国高中合唱团的四名学生给彭丽媛写了一封信。彭丽媛收到信后观看了他们唱中文歌的视频，回复了信件并且在信中给与了他们赞扬、肯定和鼓舞。16考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说:“在家学习时，唱中文歌曲是一天中最快乐的时光。”A. English 英文的；B. German 德文的；C. Chinese 中文的；D. American 美国的。根据他们用中文给彭丽媛写信可知，他们表达的是唱“中文”歌曲，故选C项。17考查动词词义辨析。句意：这封中文信件是对彭丽媛2月9
72、日致柏林体育馆内师生的一封信的回复，信中鼓励他们为促进中德友谊做出贡献。A. appointing 任命，指定；B. encouraging 鼓励；C. requiring 要求；D. promising 承诺。根据前文提到他们喜欢中文，唱中文歌，结合第二段内容可知他们受到了鼓舞可知是“鼓励”他们为中德友谊做贡献，故选B项。18考查名词词义辨析。句意：这封中文信件是对彭丽媛2月9日致柏林体育馆内师生的一封信的回复，信中鼓励他们为促进中德友谊做出贡献。A. friendship 友谊；B. education 教育；C. tourism 旅游业；D. economy 经济。根据前文可知，这些学生
73、们喜爱中文，唱中文歌曲，所以是鼓励他们促进中德“友谊”，故选A项。19考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们表示，他们多次阅读了彭丽媛的信，非常激动。A. received 收到，获得；B. imitated 模仿；C. explained 解释；D. read 阅读。根据上一段可知，他们收到了彭丽媛的回复，且非常激动开心，由此可推知他们“读”信很多次，故选D项。20考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们表示，他们多次阅读了彭丽媛的信，非常激动。A. anxious 紧张，焦虑的；B. curious 好奇的；C. excited 激动的；D. tired 劳累的。根据下一句提到“We feel so pr
74、oud after knowing that you even 6 our video(知道你看了我们的视频后，我们感到非常自豪。)”以及他们对中文歌的喜爱可知，他们收到信感到很“激动”，故选C项。21考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在信中写道:“知道你看了我们的视频后，我们感到非常自豪。”他们在信中提到的视频片段中，学生们唱了一首中文歌曲。A. watched 观看；B. promoted 促进；C. observed 观察；D. studied 学习，研究。根据宾语video以及视频中的内容是学生唱中文歌，可知是“观看”了视频，故选A项。22考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们在信中写道:“知道你看了
75、我们的视频后，我们感到非常自豪。”他们在信中提到的视频片段中，学生们唱了一首中文歌曲。A. engaging in 从事于，参加；B. relying on 依赖；C. referring to 关于，提及； D. adding to 加到。根据上一句提到彭丽媛观看了他们的视频，此处是“提及”的是随信附寄的视频，故选C项。23考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在信中写道:“知道你看了我们的视频后，我们感到非常自豪。”他们在信中提到的视频片段中，学生们唱了一首中文歌曲。A. wrote 写；B. sang 唱；C. recited 背诵；D. translated 翻译。由宾语“a Chinese s
76、ong”和“视频中”可推断是“唱”中文歌，故选B项。24考查副词词义辨析。句意：该校校长西蒙鲁恩在给彭丽媛的信中表示，她非常高兴学校得到了如此多的认可。A. extremely 特别地，非常；B. approximately 大约；C. gradually 逐渐地；D. constantly 时常。根据前文内容可知，受到认可应该是“非常”开心，故选A项。25考查名词词义辨析。句意：该校校长西蒙鲁恩在给彭丽媛的信中表示，她非常高兴学校得到了如此多的认可。A. permission 允许；B. admission 承认，准入；C. treatment 对待，治疗；D. recognition 认可
77、，识别。根据下文“Your letter is a great praise, acknowledgement and 11 to not only our school but also the 12 of our schools Chinese choir； Reuen wrote.”可知彭丽媛信中回复的内容是赞扬、肯定和鼓舞，是对他们极大的“认可”。故选D项。26考查名词词义辨析。句意：“您的来信不仅对我们学校，而且对我们学校中文合唱团的工作，都是极大的赞扬、肯定和鼓舞。”Reuen写道。A. donation 捐赠；B. inspiration 鼓舞；C. award 奖励；D. po
78、ssession 拥有，财产。由前文学生们对彭丽媛回信的反应可知，这对他们来说不仅仅是赞扬，还是一种极大的鼓舞，故选B项。27考查名词词义辨析。句意：“您的来信不仅对我们学校，而且对我们学校中文合唱团的工作，都是极大的赞扬、肯定和鼓舞。”Reuen写道。A. labor 劳动；B. experiment 实验；C. experience 体验，经历；D. work 工作，作品。根据第一段“Four students from a German high school choir wrote a letter to Peng Liyuan.(来自德国高中合唱团的四名学生给彭丽媛写了一封信。)”可
79、知给彭丽媛写信的是合唱团的成员，彭丽媛的回复给与了合唱团“工作”的认可，故选D项。28考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鲁恩表示，她认为他们的歌曲在中德两国人民的交流互鉴中发挥了微小但非常重要的作用。A. slight 轻的；B. heavy 重的；C. great 好的；D. critical 批判的。根据but important可知此处应填入与important相反意义的词slight，表示“微小但重要”，故选A项。29考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲁恩表示，她认为他们的歌曲在中德两国人民的交流互鉴中发挥了微小但非常重要的作用。A. entertainment 娱乐；B. negotiations 沟
80、通，协商；C. exchanges 交换，交流；D. competition 竞争。根据mutual （相互的）learning 可知应选择意思相近的exchanges(交流)，故选C项。30考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说，她为学生缩短了两国人民的距离而感到骄傲。A. afraid 害怕的；B. proud 自豪的，骄傲的；C. fond 喜欢的；D. ashamed 羞耻的。根据“缩短两国人民的距离”可知学生们的行为很优秀，所以应感到“自豪”，故选B项。31考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，她为学生缩短了两国人民的距离而感到骄傲。A. strengthening 加强；B. deleting 删
81、除；C. widening 扩展；D. shortening 缩短。由前文提到的“唱中文歌曲”，进行交流互鉴可知是“缩短”了两国人民的距离，故选D项。32考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校师生请中国驻德国大使馆转交彭丽媛的感谢信，以及学生们制作的书法作品和其他礼物。A. embassy 大使馆；B. club 俱乐部；C. association 协会；D. community 社区。从德国师生转交到彭丽媛的信件，应通过中驻德大使馆，故选A项。33考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校师生请中国驻德国大使馆转交彭丽媛的感谢信，以及学生们制作的书法作品和其他礼物。A. complaint 抱怨；B. grati
82、tude 感激；C. invitation 邀请；D. application 应用，申请。由前文可知，师生们受到了鼓励，所以想表达“感谢”，故选B项。34考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校师生请中国驻德国大使馆转交彭丽媛的感谢信，以及学生们制作的书法作品和其他礼物。A. foods 食品；B. remarks 评论，摘要；C. reports 报告；D. gifts 礼物。根据前面提到表达感谢，以及书法作品，与之并列也应是表达感谢的物品，如“礼物”，故选D项。35考查动词词义辨析。句意：伯格中学自1994年开始开设汉语课程。A. evaluating 评估；B. offering 提供；C. co
83、ntrolling 控制；D. expecting 期待。根据下一句“In March 2014, Peng visited the school and joined a Chinese class there during Xis state visit to Germany.(2014年3月,在习近平对德国进行国事访问，彭参观了学校并加入了一个中文课。)”可知伯格中学从1994年开始“提供（开设）”中文课程，故选B项。【答案】36A37B38B39A40D【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章提到了美国卫生与公众服务部就如何应对压力提供了一些建议。36细节理解题。根据文章第三段“If you ea
84、sily get angry and cant sleep well enough, or if youre not eating properly，it will be more likely that you will fall into stressful situations.(如果你很容易生气，睡不好觉，或者饮食不合理，你更有可能陷入紧张的境地)”可知，如果你睡不好觉就表明了你有可能出现紧张的情况。故选A项。37细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Instead, make a list of everything you have to do, then do one thing at
85、a time, checking off each task as it is completed. Set out to do the most important task first.(相反，你应该把你要做的每件事列一个清单，然后一次做一件事，每件事完成后就检查一下。首先着手做最重要的任务)”可知，把你要做的每件事列一个清单，每次只做一件事。故选B项。38推理判断题。根据文章一段“While it is impossible to live completely free of stress, it is possible to prevent stress as well as red
86、uce its effect when it cant be avoided. The US Department of Health and Human Services offers the following suggestions for ways to deal with stress.( 虽然生活中完全没有压力是不可能的，但是当压力不可避免的时候，我们可以预防压力，同时减少它的影响。美国卫生与公众服务部就如何应对压力提供了以下建议)”可知，作者通过本文提出了一些避免压力的建议。故选B项。39主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“While it is impossible to live c
87、ompletely free of stress, it is possible to prevent stress as well as reduce its effect when it cant be avoided. The US Department of Health and Human Services offers the following suggestions for ways to deal with stress.(虽然生活中完全没有压力是不可能的，但是当压力不可避免的时候，我们可以预防压力，同时减少它的影响。美国卫生与公众服务部就如何应对压力提供了以下建议)”以及后
88、文的“Try physical activity(试着让身体活动)”；“Take care of yourself(照顾好你自己)”；“Make time for yourself(为自己做好时间规划)”；“Make a list of things to do(把要做的事情列个清单)”可知，本文提供一些关于如何处理压力的具体建议。A. How to Deal with Stress?(如何处理压力？)适合做本文最佳标题。故选A项。40细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Stress can result from disorganization and a feeling that “theres
89、 so much to do, and not enough time”. Trying to take care of everything at once can be too much for you and as a result, you may not achieve anything. Instead, make a list of everything you have to do, then do one thing at a time, checking off each task as it is completed. Set out to do the most imp
90、ortant task first.(压力可能来自于无序和“有太多事情要做，却没有足够的时间”的感觉。试图一次照顾好所有的事情对你来说可能太难了，结果，你可能什么都做不到。相反，你应该把你要做的每件事列一个清单，然后一次做一件事，每件事完成后就检查一下。首先着手做最重要的任务)”可知，把要做的事情一一列出来是作者给的建议。故选D项。【答案】41D42B43A44D45A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了多项家庭医用的小器械，包括刷牙时检查血糖和细菌的牙刷、智能绷带、黑色素瘤监测仪、“数字医生”电脑以及便携式通讯工具等，这些家庭医用的小器械就好比“家里的医生”，将使人们的身体以及日常生活保持健康
91、。41细节理解题。由第二段中的“The gadgets should make it easy for people to detect illness long before it strikes and so seek treatment far earlier than normal.”（这些小器械应该能让人们在疾病发作之前很早就发现疾病，从而比正常人更早地寻求治疗），可知小器械能帮助人尽快发现疾病。故选D项。42细节理解题。由第四段中的“The biggest development is melanoma（黑色素瘤） monitor designed to give early wa
92、rnings of cancer.”（最大的进展是黑色素瘤监测仪，用于对癌症进行早期预警），可知黑色素瘤监测仪可以对癌症进行早期预警，说明黑色素瘤监测仪对潜在的癌症患者有好处。故选B项。43词句猜测题。由第六段中的“A portable communication aid could recognize certain phrases and tones and let you know when you are about to lose your temper. The software would also suggest ways of keeping your cool.”（一个便携
93、式通讯工具可以识别某些短语和音调，并让你知道什么时候你要发脾气。该软件还建议了keeping your cool的方法），可知这个便携式通讯工具会让你知道什么时候你要发脾气，它还对快要发脾气的人提出了建议，因为本文讲的是与保持健康相关的小器械，可知此处提的建议应该是让人不要生气，即保持冷静的方法，keeping your cool在此处意为“staying calm（保持冷静）”。故选A项。44细节理解题。由最后一段“Researchers are still struggling, however, with making the technology cheap and simple en
94、ough for the household user. That is going to be the difficult part.”（然而，研究人员仍在努力使这项技术对家庭用户来说足够便宜和简单。那将是困难的部分），可知科学家很难做到让这些小玩意儿既便宜又方便。故选D项。45主旨大意题。由第一段中的“It is one of many gadgets（小器械） proposed by engineers and doctors at the Center for Future Health in New York.”（美国目前正在研制一种能在刷牙时检查血糖和细菌的牙刷，它是纽约未来健康中
95、心的工程师和医生们提出的许多小器械之一），第二段中的“Instead of relying on hi-tech hospitals, the emphasis（重点） is shifted to the home and easy-to-use gadgets.”（而不是依靠高科技医院，重点转移到家庭和易于使用的小器械）和下文讲的“智能绷带、黑色素瘤监测仪、“数字医生”电脑以及便携式通讯工具” 等这些家庭医用的小器械，可知文章介绍了多项家庭医用的小器械，包括刷牙时检查血糖和细菌的牙刷、智能绷带、黑色素瘤监测仪、“数字医生”电脑以及便携式通讯工具等，这些家庭医用的小器械就好比“家里的医生”，将
96、使人们的身体以及日常生活保持健康，A项“家里的医生”符合文意。故选A项。【答案】46C47C48C49A50B【分析】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章对清醒梦做了一个大致的介绍，包括清醒梦的科学证据以及清醒梦的好处等。46细节理解题。根据第二段“Dreams in which you are aware that you are dreaming and can control what happens are called lucid dreams（清醒梦）. These dreams are most common during the stage of sleep known as rapid
97、 eye movement（REM）sleep.”（你意识到自己在做梦并且可以控制所发生的事情的梦叫做清醒梦。这些梦在被称为快速眼动睡眠(REM)的睡眠阶段最为常见。）由此可知，关于清醒梦，它通常发生在REM睡眠期间。故选C。47细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, it wasnt until 1975 that British psychologist Keith Hearne was credited as the first person to produce scientific proof that lucid dreams occur.”（然而，直到1975年，英国心理学家
98、Keith Hearne才被认为是第一个提出清醒梦会发生的科学证据的人。）由此可知，你能从Keith Hearne的研究找到清醒梦的科学证据。故选C。48细节理解题。根据第四段中“For example, Curzio Vasapollo invented a device called ZMax, a headband that can monitor eye movements, body movements and heart rate to help people have a lucid dream.”（例如，Curzio Vasapollo发明了一种名为ZMax的设备，这是一种可以
99、监测眼球运动、身体运动和心率的头带，帮助人们做清醒梦。）由此可知，一种名为ZMax的设备被发明出来，以帮助那些想要体验清醒梦的人。故选C。49推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Lucid dreams may encourage creativity as well.”（清醒梦也可以鼓励创造力。）由此可知，清醒梦可以是创造力的源泉。故选A。50推理判断题。根据第二段“Dreams in which you are aware that you are dreaming and can control what happens are called lucid dreams（清醒梦）. These
100、 dreams are most common during the stage of sleep known as rapid eye movement（REM）sleep.”（你意识到自己在做梦并且可以控制所发生的事情的梦叫做清醒梦。这些梦在被称为快速眼动睡眠(REM)的睡眠阶段最为常见。）由此可知，这篇文章是为了对清醒梦有一个大致的介绍。故选B。【答案】51C52C53B54B55A【分析】这是一篇说明文。科学家们发现一种新的材料可以把水变成未来的燃料。51细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists at the Department of Energys Lawrence Berke
101、ley National Laboratory and the California Institute of Technology have-in just two years-nearly doubled the number of materials known to have potential for use in solar fuels.”（来自能源部劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室和加州理工学院的科学家们在仅仅两年的时间里，几乎将已知的有潜力用于太阳能燃料的材料数量增加了一倍。）和第二段“They did so by developing a process that promises t
102、o speed the discovery of commercially viable (商业可行性) generation of solar fuels that could replace coal, oil, and other fossil fuels.”（他们通过开发一种有望加速发现可替代煤炭、石油和其他化石燃料的具有商业可行性的太阳能燃料的方法来实现这一目标。）可知，一些科学家在太阳能燃料中发现了可以取代传统燃料的新材料。故选C。52细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Each water molecule (分子) consists of one oxygen atom and tw
103、o hydrogen atoms. The hydrogen atoms are extracted, and then can be reunited to create highly flammable hydrogen gas or combined with CO 2 to create hydrocarbon fuels, creating a plentiful and renewable energy source.”（每个水分子由一个氧原子和两个氢原子组成。这些氢原子被提取出来，然后可以重新聚合生成高度易燃的氢气，或者与二氧化碳结合生成碳氢化合物燃料，从而创造出一种丰富的可再生
104、能源。）可知，我们可以从水分子中制造碳氢化合物燃料，从而创造出一种丰富的可再生能源。故选C。53细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“The problem, however, is that water molecules do not simply break down when sunlight shines on them-if they did, the oceans would not cover most of the planet. They need a little help from a solar-powered catalyst (催化剂).”（然而，问题是，当阳光照射到水
105、分子时，它们不会简单地分解如果它们分解了，那么海洋就不会覆盖地球的大部分。它们需要一种太阳能催化剂的帮助。）可知，一种太阳能催化剂可以用来分解水分子。故选B。54细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“What is particularly significant about this study, which combines experiment and theory, is that in addition to identifying several new compounds for solar fuel applications, we can also learn something
106、new about the basic electronic structure of the materials themselves.”（这项结合了实验和理论的研究的特别重要之处在于，除了识别出几种用于太阳能燃料的新化合物外，我们还可以了解材料本身的基本电子结构。）可知，科学家可以了解新化合物的基本电子结构。故选B。55主旨大意题。文章前三段是讲太阳能燃料，从第三段最后一句“Researchers are exploring a range of possible target fuels, but one possibility is to produce hydrogen by spl
107、itting water.”（研究人员正在探索一系列可能的目标燃料，但其中一种可能性是通过分解水来产生氢气。）开始，之后的四段都是在讲利用分解水来创造碳氢燃料。所以文章主要是讲新的材料可以把水变成未来的燃料。故选A。【答案】56To become a (professional) surfer.Or: Her dream was to become a surfer.57It came unexpectedly.Or: It came by surprise.58She made a recovery due to an unbelievably positive attitude.59She
108、 used a custom-made board with a handle for her right arm and kicked more.Or: By using a custom-made board with a handle for her right arm and kicking more.60Bethanys story tells me that faith and determination can help overcome difficulties.Or: We should not lose heart in the face of difficulties,
109、and we can overcome them with courage and strong determination.【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bethany Hamilton失去左臂后仍然坚持冲浪的故事，她的故事鼓舞了无数人。56考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Born into a family of surfers on February 8, 1990, on the island of Kauai Hawaii, Bethany began surfing at a young age. At the age of eight, Bethany entered her
110、 first surf competition- winning both the short and long board divisions and sparking a love for surf competition within her spirit.（Bethany于1990年2月8日出生在夏威夷考艾岛的一个冲浪者家庭，从小就开始冲浪。在八岁的时候，Bethany参加了她的第一个冲浪比赛-赢得了短板和长板组，并在她的精神中点燃了对冲浪比赛的爱。）”可知，Bethany从小就热爱冲浪，想成为一个专业的冲浪者，故答案为To become a (professional) surfer
111、. Or: Her dream was to become a surfer.57考查句意猜测。根据划线处的下文“I had no warning at all; not even the slightest sign of danger on the horizon. ” 我完全没有得到任何警告；地平线上一点危险的迹象都没有。由此可推断上文描述这个事情太突然了，一点迹象也没有，故答案为It came unexpectedly. Or: It came by surprise.58考查细节理解。根据文章第五段“After losing more than 40 percent of her b
112、lood and making it through several surgeries, Bethany was well on her way to recovery due to an unbelievably positive attitude.” （在失血超过40%并经历了几次手术后，Bethany的恢复非常顺利，因为她有着令人难以置信的积极态度）可知，Bethany会恢复这么顺利，主要是因为她的态度很积极，故答案为She made a recovery due to an unbelievably positive attitude.59考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第二段“Initi
113、ally, she adopted a custom-made board that was longer and slightly thicker than standard and had a handle for her right arm, making it easier to paddle, and she learned to kick more to make up for the loss of her left arm.” 起初，她采用了一块比标准的更长、略厚的定制冲浪板，右臂上还有一个把手，这样划起来更容易。她还学会了多踢水，以弥补失去左臂的损失，由此可知，Bethany
114、再一次开始冲浪主要靠定制的冲浪板和右臂，并且多踢水，故答案为She used a custom-made board with a handle for her right arm and kicked more. Or: By using a custom-made board with a handle for her right arm and kicking more.60主观题，答案不唯一。以下供参考：根据文章第五段“After losing more than 40 percent of her blood and making it through several surgeri
115、es, Bethany was well on her way to recovery due to an unbelievably positive attitude.” （在失血超过40%并经历了几次手术后，Bethany的恢复非常顺利，因为她有着令人难以置信的积极态度）、第六段“In January 2004, Bethany made her return to surf competition and with no intention of stopping, Bethany continued to enter and shine in competitions. ”（2004年
116、1月，Bethany重返冲浪比赛，不想停下来，Bethany继续参加比赛并发光）以及最后一段“Just over a year after the attack, she took first place- winning her first National Title.” （袭击发生一年多后，她获得了第一名-，赢得了她的第一个全国冠军。由此可推断，Bethany面对困难的时候没有失去信心和勇气，并且用积极的态度战胜困难并获得最终的胜利）可知，她的故事告诉我们信念和决心可以帮助我们战胜困难/在困难面前，我们不应该灰心，故答案为Bethanys story tells me that fait
117、h and determination can help overcome difficulties. Or: We should not lose heart in the face of difficulties, and we can overcome them with courage and strong determination.【答案】61Dear Chris,Im glad to have received your email asking about our PE classes and sports activities. I am writing to share s
118、ome details with you.Every week, we have two PE classes, in which our school offers us opportunities to do a variety of sports. We play basketball, run for exercise, and take part in all kinds of sports competitions. Furthermore, we benefit a lot from Sunshine Sports during the 30-minute break. At s
119、chool, we are having fun, and learning teamwork and sports spirit.We senior three students are busy with our study. Therefore, we should choose our favorite sports to relax our muscles and reduce the anxiety and burden of our study. I believe good health is not only the guarantee of successful compl
120、etion of studies in school, but also the necessity for hard work after graduation. Of all the sports, I like badminton best, which helps me to keep fit and build perseverance.Looking forward to hearing from you again.Yours,Li Jin【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Chris回一封邮件，介绍本校高三学生体育活动的情况。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：
121、根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时以及少量现在进行时。结构：总分总法要求：1.介绍你校高三体育课以及课间活动安排情况；2.介绍你最喜欢的一项体育活动；3.简要说明体育活动对高三学生的意义。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）a variety of；run for ；take part in ； all kinds of；have fun；be busy with； keep fit；look forward to ；hear from第三步：连词成句1. I am writing to share some details with you.2. Every week, we have two PE c
122、lasses, in which our school offers us opportunities to do a variety of sports. 3. We play basketball, run for exercise, and take part in all kinds of sports competitions. 4. Furthermore, we benefit a lot from Sunshine Sports during the 30-minute break. 5. At school, we are having fun, and learning t
123、eamwork and sports spirit.6. We senior three students are busy with our study. 7. Therefore, we should choose our favorite sports to relax our muscles and reduce the anxiety and burden of our study.8. I believe good health is not only the guarantee of successful completion of studies in school, but
124、also the necessity for hard work after graduation. 9. Of all the sports, I like badminton best, which helps me to keep fit and build perseverance.10. Looking forward to hearing from you again.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second(供参考)2.表并列补
125、充关系：Furthermore, not onlybut (also)3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but(供参考) 4.表因果关系：Therefore连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】高分句型1 Every week, we have two PE classes, in which our school offers us opportunities to do a variety of sports.(in which引导非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 Therefore, we should choose our favorite sports to relax our muscles and reduce the anxiety and burden of our study.(动词不定式作目的状语)高分句型3 Of all the sports, I like badminton best, which helps me to keep fit and build perseverance.(which引导定语从句)
