1、浙江省义乌市2014高考英语阅读理解夯实训练（2）及答案 较难题目特训：介绍说明类 Stress caused by social situations, such as giving a speech or going to a job interview, can affect some peoples immune system in ways that harm their health, researchers have found. The study included 124 volunteers who were purposely put into embarrassed s
2、ocial situations. Those who showed greater neural (神经) sensitivity to social rejection also had greater increases in inflammatory (炎症) activity when exposed to social stress. “It turns out there are important differences in how people explain and respond to social situations,” lead author George Sla
3、vich, at the Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology at the University of California, Los Angeles, said in a UCLA news release. “For example,” he explained, “we sometimes see giving a speech in front of an audience as a welcomed challenge; other times, its threatening and sad. In this study, we sou
4、ght to examine the neural bases for these differences in response and to understand how these differences relate to biological processes that can affect human health and well-being.”The findings provide “further evidence of how closely our mind and body are connected. We have known for a long time t
5、hat social stress can get under the skin to increase risk for disease, but its been unclear exactly how these effects occur. As we know, this study is the first to identify the neurocognitive (神经认知) pathways that might be involved in inflammatory responses to sharp social stress,” Slavich said. Incr
6、eases in inflammatory activity are part of the immune systems natural response to potentially harmful situations, but “frequent or chronic (慢性的) activation of the system may increase the risk for a variety of illnesses,” Slavich added. The study was released online Aug. 2 in advance of publication i
7、n an upcoming print issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.1. Where do you first find the study? A. A magazine.B. A website. C. A literature.D. An advertisement. 2. Judging from volunteers, might be more likely to have inflammation. A. those who were more sensitive to social re
8、jectionB. those who were purposely put into societyC. those who gave a speech before audienceD. those who suffered frequent or chronic illness3. The author quotes examples of the fourth paragraph mainly to. A. show further evidence of how closely our mind and body are connectedB. prove important dif
9、ferences in how people explain and respond to social situationsC. explain volunteers are sensitive to social rejection when exposed to social stressD. make clear that how stress caused by social situations breaks down immune system4. We can infer thatif there is inflammatory response in peoples immu
10、ne system. A. chronic illness will be caused by the repeated stress B. doctors can identify the neurocognitive pathwaysC. people may avoid being affected by sharp social stressD. risk of getting various diseases will be reduced【参考答案】15. BABA 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（9）】AYou
11、can choose happiness regardless of your circumstances. You can choose to be happy no matter what cha11enges life brings you. Let the following simple strategies guide you back to your natural happy state. Make lemonade（柠檬水）when life gives you lemons. Besides happiness, trouble will also be part of l
12、ife. Its how you choose to react to your situations that makes the difference. If you look at something hard enough, youll see the positive side of it.Do what you love doing. Do you have a lifelong dream or desire? If so, start working towards it. Taking baby steps towards a goal will help you feel
13、like youre accomplishing something. Youll find drive and determination to reach that goal when its something you love doing. Use one of your talents. One reason why so many people are unhappy is that theyre not doing what theyre called to do with their God-given talents. Each of us has a purpose in
14、life. You have natural talents to help you achieve your purpose, so use your talents effectively. Call a friend who you know is positive and cheerful. Talk about your feelings and listen to their advice. Usually, people allow themselves to go deeper and deeper into self-depression. The truth is that
15、 you dont have to be sad. You can decide to be happy. You just have to make up your mind to do so. Gratitude is the quickest cure for sadness. When you focus on whats wrong with your life, you forget to look at whats right and good. Take a step back and reflect on your life. Do you have children or
16、family to be thankful for? Yes, they may not be the person wed like them to be, but imagine life without them. Now, be thankful that you have them in your life. Let your feelings out on paper. Often youll find that just getting your feelings down on paper will allow you to work through them, helping
17、 you feel better about yourself and your beautiful life !26. The first paragraph is used to _. A. expect readers to ignore themselves B. start a discussion among readers C. introduce the topic to readers D. carry out a challenge among readers27. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that _. A. trouble
18、 is part of life B. lemonade is very delicious C. life is full of sweetness and bitterness D. lemons can only be used to make lemonade28. The underlined word “God-given” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “_”. A. diverseB. naturalC. excellentD. learned29. Which of the following strategies is NO
19、T mentioned in this text? A. Be grateful. B. Do any activities. C. Call a cheerful friend. D. Use one of your talents.30. The author wrote the text for _ people. A. excitedB. depressed C. bad-temperedD. kind-hearted【参考答案】26-30 CCBBB 生活就像一杯柠檬汁，有酸有甜。如何从中找到幸福感呢？本文告诉了你一些方法。26. C。文章结构题。根据第一段主旨句Let the fo
20、llowing simple strategies guide you back to your natural happy state.可知第一段的作用是引出主题。27. C。推理判断题。通读第二段的Besides happiness, trouble will also be part of life.可知生活 充满酸甜苦辣。28. B。猜测词义题。从后文的You have natural talents to help you achieve your purpose, so use your talents effectively.可知：God-given意为“天生的，先天的，固有的”
21、。29. B。细节理解题。通读全文可知，只有B项未被提及。30. B。推理判断题。从第一段的You can choose happiness.You can choose to be happy可推理出答案。较难题目特训：介绍说明类-While some dictionaries define the word “right” as “a privilege” when used in the context of “human rights”, we are talking about something more basic. Originally, people had rights o
22、nly because of their membership in a group, such as a family. Then, in 539 BC, Cyrus the Great, after conquering the city of Babylon, did something totally unexpectedhe set all slaves free and let them return home. Moreover, he declared people should choose their own religion. Cyrus statements are a
23、bout the first “human rights” declaration in history. Every person has certain basic rights, simply by the fact of being human. These are called “human rights” rather than a privilege, which can be taken away at someones sudden desire. They are “rights” because they are things you are allowed to be,
24、 to do or to have. These rights are there for your protection against people who might want to harm or hurt you. They are also there to help us get along with each other and live in peace. Yet many people, when asked to name their rights, will list only freedom of speech and belief and perhaps one o
25、r two others. There is no question that these are important rights, but the full scope of human rights is very broad. They mean choice and opportunity. They mean the freedom to get a job, adopt a career, select a partner of ones choice and raise children. They include the right to travel widely and
26、the right to work without trouble, abuse and threat of arbitrary (霸道) dismissal. They even embrace the right to leisure. In ages past, there were no human rights. Then the idea turned up that people should have certain freedoms. And that idea, in the wake of World War II, resulted finally in the doc
27、ument called the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the thirty rights to which all people are entitled. 1. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. What Are Human Rights? B. Why Do We Have Human Rights? C. How Do Human Rights Come Into Being? D. What To Do With Human Rights?
28、2. How did the first human rights come into being? A. By Cyrus conquering the city of Babylon. B. By Cyrus setting the slaves free. C. By Cyrus making his statement about human rights. D. By choosing ones own beliefs. 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. Human rights can be ta
29、ken away for some reason. B. Human rights have the same meaning as privileges. C. Human rights can help you live a peaceful life. D. Human rights can be used to hurt others. 4. The underlined word “embrace” in the third paragraph means. A. to seekB. to includeC. to enjoyD. to share5. From the last p
30、aragraph we can infer that. A. people would have freedom rather than human rightsB. at the beginning of 20th the more complete rights appearedC. thirty human rights have existed for about 70 yearsD. World War II decided human rights【参考答案】12. ACCBC较难题目特训：介绍说明类People can write many things about this l
31、ife. In this case, precious moments become the compositions of history. What about you? People should learn from each other, thus they need to read the latest news. It is really interesting to spend your spare time and start your day in the morning. How can you get the information? You will never ru
32、n out of choices, since there are many different resources to read out there. You can say hello to the world by clicking the mouse on your computer and you can also read the daily newspaper in your patio (庭院). However, Internet offers fast and effective solutions for the readers. Reading the news on
33、 the Internet is just a simple task to do. If you are a mobile person, it is impossible for you to bring the computer and mouse. So, several digital devices are accessible to meet your needs of latest information. You have iPad, smart phone and some other possible solutions. They are your best frien
34、ds to gain the information about every single thing which has happened in certain part of the world. Now, its time to find the most reliable source. You can easily find the amount of websites on the Internet. They offer news and information about many different things, but only few of them will answ
35、er your questions. The reliable and accurate sources will let you read and think further about certain news and information. Definitely, you should find the site with various popular categories of news. There should be some categories such as business, sports and technology. Where should you go now?
36、 You will find the answer at News Daily Spot and get the complete information about other issues. For you who love to know more about celebrity and biography, feel free to read the biography (传记) of several celebrities, such as Kourtney Kardashian. Read the news and see the face of the world today.
37、1. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Many ways exist for us to know about the world. B. Newspaper plays an important part in our daily life. C. The Internet shortens the distance between people. D. The Internet helps people get more information about the world. 2. You are always on business,
38、so. A. it is convenient for you to carry a desktop computerB. youd better carry several digital devicesC. an iPad will benefit you a lotD. you only read newspapers every day3. Why does the author say “its time to find the most reliable source”? A. You must find the reliable and accurate information.
39、 B. You can get all answers to any questions. C. Various websites will offer the same things. D. You should use your head to think over after reading. 4. The purpose of the author is. A. to get us to know more about the usage of InternetB. to advertise for News Daily SpotC. to draw attention to News Daily SpotD. to introduce more famous people5. Why does the author mention Kourtney Kardashian? A. To stress he is the most famous in the world. B. To introduce the all-sidedness of the website. C. To give answers to the questions above. D. To show off the celebrities of the world. 【参考答案】16.DCDCB