1、2014高考英语阅读理解基础练习精品题（45）及答案【阅读理解主旨大意】 Passage* Mountain lions live in mountainous areas of the western United States. Lately, however, people have reported seeing them in quiet neighborhoods all across the country! Usually considered shy and seldom seen, these lions are becoming more noticeable. In a
2、ddition, the lions appear to be moving east. They were even reported in the suburbs(郊区)of Boston, Philadelphis, and Chicago. It seems certain that these kings of the mountainsare moving. Why? Scientists are not sure. Some think that as the mountain lion population increases the west, younger wild ca
3、ts are leaving the area. These cats are searching for new homes and new places for food. The young males are looking for new homes, says Lynn Sadler, who is the director of the Mountain Lion Foundation in Sacramento,Calif. People tend to create to many barriers(障碍), such as buidings, fences, roads,
4、and noise. As the mountain lions seek new places and food and water sources(水源), these barriers get in their way. The sightings have made people increasingly watchful. Sometimes themountain lionsthat people report seeing turn out to be large dogs or even house cats. But at least a few of the meeting
5、s have been real. The building of new roads, the growing of suburbs and the growing popularity of outdoor activities are all increasing the chances that people in various parts of the country may meet up with a mountain lion. Because many people are concerned, about the reappearance of the American
6、lion, an expert outlined some ways they can a- void attracting the wild cats: Never leave pets or pet food outsider properly cvare for farm animals; and plan public land use to enable the lions to move safely from one place to another.To be fair, says the expert. mountain lions are trying to regain
7、their homes. They were here first. Now we need to find ways we can live together. 1. Mountain lions are moving probably because_. A. the suburbs o big cities are peaceful and quiet B. more roads are being built into the mountains C. the number of the lions increases in the west D. young lions are se
8、eking new partners 2. According to the passage,it is clear that_. A. the reported sightings of mountain lions have not been proved B. people walking in the country may come across a lion C. fences have been built to protect the ions D. mountain lions prefer populated areas 3. To avoid attracting rno
9、tuntain lions, People are advised_. A. to build more roads for the lions to move safely B. to keep a close watch on their arm animals C. not to stay outdoors D. not to raise pets 4. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Mountain Lions in Unlikely Passage? B. Measures Taken to Avoid Lions C. Nu
10、mber of Sightings Going Up D. Mountain Lions Moving West命题目的与解题技巧；本文的命题目的是考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，而本井无明显主题句。做这类题的技巧是：正确理解作者所提供的细节，运用自己的逻辑概括能力。综合归纳主题。解析： 本文主要讲美国西部的狮子被人们在全国各地发现。据科学家估计是因为狮子数量不断增加，新的雄狮欲寻新的安身之所。答案： 1C 细节题。从第二段的第三句话“Some think that as the mountain lion populat ionicreases in the west，younge
11、r wild cats are leaving the areasearching for new homes and new places for food”可直接选出答案。 2B 细节题。由第一段第二句“一people have reported seeing them in quiet neighbrhoods all across the country”和第四段第四句“The buiding of new roads，themay meet up with a mountin lion可知目前狮子在美国到外可见 3B 细节判断题。第五段专家建议中的第二点properly care f
12、or farm animals与B项同义，而A项中的建更多的roads文中未提及，文中只提到了public land；C、D两项文中提及。4A 主旨大意题。本文主要讲山狮从山里游移到全国各地，有时来到它们不该来的农户、新建公路等，一切都表明它们来到原来不可能的地方。 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMy grandparents actively practiced simplicity. They both grew up in very large families and
13、lived through the Great Depression. Saving for a rainy day and avoiding superfluous consuming was their life philosophy. Rather than seeking fulfillment through material items, they chose to spend really simple life together, with family and in nature.Over the years my grandparents noticed dramatic
14、changes in their community. Every year more farmland was destroyed to build larger and larger homes. As real estate prices rose, many of their neighbors sold their little homes and land. Soon theirs were the only small house on the block, surrounded by a sea of mansions. My grandparents built and li
15、ved m a small 600-square-foot cottage for most of their adult lives. Lots of family members encouraged my grandparents to expand their little old house. But they didnt want a bigger place. They loved their little house and were content with what they had.My grandparents avoided consumptive(浪费的）lifes
16、tyle by painting and repairing the house themselves. They lived in a small home, but had a huge garden. They loved gardening and planting because it reduced their grocery bill, improved their health, and gave them an excuse to be outside. They also reused and recycled everything. For instance, they
17、had driven the same car for over 15 years and didnt buy a new one until the old Chevrolet was worn out.Through their example I learned an important lesson: It is possible to live a simple and fulfilling life. My grandparents taught me that living a simple life isnt about self-deprivation. Instead, i
18、ts about giving yourself the time, freedom, and money to pursue your dreams. Becoming debt free, downsizing to a smaller home, and going car-lite(减少用车频率）are a few ways to take control of your life and start pursuing your dreams.26.The underlined word superfluous in Paragraph I is closest in meaning
19、to _.A. meaningful B. unnecessary C. increasingD. troublesome【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。A。有意义的；B。不必要的，多余的；C。渐增的；D。麻烦的，令人苦恼的。由“My grandparents avoided consumptive(浪费的）lifestyle”可知他们避免不必要的消费。故选B。27.The communitys changes include all the following EXCEPT that _A.the people built more farmlandB.the neighbors sold t
20、heir housesC.the houses became more expensiveD.many mansions were built there【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由“Every year more farmland was destroyed to build larger and larger homes.”可知社区的改变不包括建造更多的农田。故选A。28.The authors grandparents didnt expand their house because _.A.they didnt accept the family members1 adviceB.
21、their house were really new and large enoughC.they were satisfied with the house they lived inD.they were too old to do any house-building job【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。由“They loved their little house and were content with what they had.”可知原因是他们对自己住的房子很满意。故选C。29.Which of the following is a consumptive lifestyle
22、 in the grandparents ，opinion?A.Repairing the house themselves. B. Planting vegetables in the garden.C.Reusing and recycling things.D. Changing cars in a short time.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。由“For instance, they had driven the same car for over 15 years and didnt buy a new one until the old Chevrolet was worn
23、out.”可知他们认为在短时间内换车是浪费的。30.The author thinks his grandparents, lifestyle is _.A.unacceptableB. approvable C. unreasonable D. understandable【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。A。不能接受的；B。可赞同的；C。不合理的，不切实际的；D。可以理解的。由“My grandparents taught me that living a simple life isnt about self-deprivation. Instead, its about giving yo
24、urself the time, freedom, and money to pursue your dreams.”可知选B。【贵州省湄潭中学2013届月考】DAt least 10 million hectares of cultivated（耕作）land in China are polluted, which makes a grave threat to the countrys food safety, the Xinhua News Agency reported on Friday. The polluted land，which is mostly in economica
25、lly developed areas，accounts for one-tenth of the countrys total arable（可耕种的）land，according to an incomplete survey by the State Environmental Protection Administration，Chinas top environment watchdog. Pollution on cultivated land threatens the environment，food safety and the sustainable development
26、 of agriculture，the administration said. Because of continual，too much use of chemical fertilizer, pesticide and agricultural plastic sheeting, as well as irrigation using polluted water, a large amount of contaminants（污染物）remain in the cultivated land. The contaminants affect the soils ecological s
27、tructure and function，leading to decreased soil productivity, lower crop yield（产量），and lower quality of agricultural products-It also leads to worse water quality in rural areas. Less than 9 per cent of drinkable water passed checks for bacteria in243 rural water supply stations across the county. A
28、nother survey, which took samples of drinking water and groundwater an 69 small towns。 in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Province of North，China, showed that more than half of the water contains too much nitrate（硝酸盐），which may cause diabetes（糖尿病）and damage the kidney. The administration estimated at lea
29、st 1 90 million farmers are drinking water that contains harmful substances. Many villagers drink unfiltered water taken from shallow water wells or water cellars， which are reported to have poor sanitary conditions68. The author writes the passage to . A. 1et the readers examine their mistakesB. pr
30、esent the readers a new ideaC. come up with a solution to ending farmland pollutionD. inform the readers of the importance of fighting farmland pollution69. The underlined word “grave” in Paragraph 1 probably meansA. serious B. certain C. big D. terrible70. Pollution on cultivated land leads to the
31、following outcomes EXCEPT . A. a threat to Chinas food safetyB. worse water quality in rural areasC. a variety of diseasesD. the sustainable development of agriculture 68、DAD【2013高考英语辽宁省沈阳市领航试卷】A1. If you are interested in rock formations, which activities are the best choices?ACaves and Fossils BFo
32、ssils and MannersCCaves, and Exploring Caves DExploring Caves and Manners2. If you are members friends, what benefits can you receive?ATwo free lectures every monthBA membership card and certificateCFavourable price for Youth CampDTwo free tickets to Echo Cove Cave3. The purpose of this poster is to
33、 invite more people to _Ajoin the Cave Club Benjoy the underground worldCwork as volunteers, Dprotect the educational caves参考答案13 CDA If you are planning to study in the United States, you need to consider several factors. Everyone has different opinions about where is the best place to live in. Als
34、o, the best places to live in are not always home to the best schools. Finally, many schools specialize in different areas of study. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (麻省理工学院)，for example, is a great school for computer science and technology-related fields of study. However, if you want to
35、study oceanography(海、洋学)，your interests may be better served by attending school in a place that is on a coastline or near the ocean.Now I am sure that you know which schools are considered the best in the country. So I will tell you about which states I believe are the best to live in.California is
36、 a nice state. Northern California specifically has very good weather. Los Angeles in Southern California is another story though. Life in Los Angeles is full of excitement and fast, and sometimes dangerous. As for me, I enjoy the time I spent in Massachusetts, Virginia and Maryland and these states
37、 have a lot of history and culture. The weather is not as perfect as Northern California, but it is still quite nice. My favorite area of America is the Mid-west. Middle America, I think, is home to the true American sense of values. In addition, there are many good universities there.Also, you need
38、 to think about your likes and dislikes and then research the various states. You like sunshine and hate snow? Then you probably wont like the Midwest or even the Northeast. Open space, nature and peace and quiet? Then you probably should stay away from Americas large cities. Are you interested in g
39、overnment? Then Washington D.C. is the only place for you. Whatever you decide, put some thought into it. The place you live in could be the difference between a great study-abroad experience and a state of great suffering on earth.31.From the first paragraph we can conclude that in the USA _.A.all
40、colleges and universities lie in big citiesB.all colleges and universities lie in beautiful placesC.famous colleges and universities lie in nice placesD.famous colleges and universities may not lie in nice places【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。由“the best places to live in are not always home to the best schools.”可知好
41、大学不一定位于好的地方。故选D。32.What, according to the writer, should be considered first if you want to study in the USA?A. The climate. B. The scenery. C. The study condition. D. The living condition.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。由第一，二段可知，作者认为想去美国学习首先应考虑学习环境。33.From the third paragraph we can find that _.A.California is the
42、best place to live inB.California is the worst place to live inC.California is a state with different climatesD.California is a small state in the USA【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。由“Northern California specifically has very good weather. ”和“The weather is not as perfect as Northern California, but it is still quit
43、e nice.”可知加利福尼亚州有不同的气候。34.If you study in Middle America, you can probably _.A.find the best universitiesB. feel the real character of the nationC.meet the most famous professors thereD. face more difficulties【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由“Middle America, I think, is home to the true American sense of values.”可知选
44、B。35.From the last paragraph of this passage we can get to know that.A.Washington is the largest city in the USAB. Washington D.C. is the political centre of the USAC.you cant find sunshine in the MidwestD.you cant find any universities out of big cities in the USA【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由“Are you interested in government? Then Washington D.C. is the only place for you.”华盛顿是美国的政治中心。故选B。