1、（北京卷）2021届高三英语下学期5月全真冲刺试卷3（含解析）（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分）第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）Ice and snow were beating the window and the wind almost swept everything away outside. I wondered how I would get home. The 12-mile route took me up and down steep hills and around sharp turns. I whisp
2、ered a prayer for 1 .My old green Blazer SUV was doing wonderfully over the ice-covered roadway. But as I climbed one of the steepest and scariest hills, I noticed the tires were slipping, and I decided it was time to 2 to four-wheel drive. Slowly the tires 3 the road, and the top came 4 sight. Unfo
3、rtunately, I had just made it when the 5 stopped. I pushed and pulled the lever (档杆)nothing happened. I was 6 with snow and ice balls around.Even though I had met no one on this lonely road, I hoped someone might come to 7 . After a few minutes, I 8 an old pickup truck. A smiling young man Id never
4、seen before rolled down his window, asking if I needed help. I ensured him I did. Then he showed me how to operate the four-wheel-drive shifting gear (齿轮), locking it into 9 . 10 , I got the Blazer starting. When I thanked the stranger and asked if he lived around the area, he just said, “Oh, over t
5、here.” Do I believe in angels? You 55 !1AlibertyBpriorityCsafetyDrecovery2AattendBappealCswitchDlead3Alost control of Btook charge ofCgot along withDheld on to4AintoBbeyondCoverDfrom5AwindBsnowCvehicleDdriver6AhurtBstuckCengagedDpanicked7AlifeBpowerChelpDmind8AboardedBmissedCcalledDspied9AcomfortBsc
6、eneCactionDplace10ABy no meansBIn no timeCIn some wayDIn the meanwhile【答案】 CCDAC BCDDB【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在风雪交加的一天开车回家，12英里的路线让作者在陡峭的山上上下颠簸，车辆在冰雪覆盖的路面上出现了问题，一个好心人帮助了作者，使得作者认为好心人就像天使一样。43考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“Ice and snow were beating the window and the wind almost swept everything away outside.”“ The 12-mi
7、le route took me up and down steep hills and around _ turns.”可知，天气状况恶劣，路况恶劣，因此可知作者希望能够“安全”到家。故选C项。46考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“as I climbed one of the steepest and scariest hills, I noticed the tires were slipping(当我爬上一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑)”可知，轮胎开始打滑，作为司机，作者应是采取措施避免打滑，开启四轮驱动。switch to，“切换到；转到；转变成”，符合语境表达。故选C项。4
8、7考查动词词组辨析。根据前文“as I climbed one of the steepest and scariest hills, I noticed the tires were slipping, and I decided it was time to _ _ to four-wheel drive.”可知作者注意到轮胎在打滑，开启了四轮驱动，因此可知，汽车不再打滑，车轮贴在地面上了。故选D项。48考查介词词义辨析。come into sight，固定结构，意为“出现在眼前，可以望见”。故选A项。49考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“I pushed and pulled the leve
9、rnothing happened.( 我推了一下然后又拉了控制杆什么也没发生。)”可知，作者推拉控制杆应该是因为车停了下来。故选C项。50考查动词词义辨析。根据前文背景句“Ice and snow were beating the window and the wind almost swept everything away outside. ”以及“I had just made it when the _ stopped.”可知，雪下的很大，风也很强烈，且作者的车行不不了了，应是卡住了。be stuck with，“无法摆脱；陷在”。故选B项。51考查名词词义辨析。结合句子“Even
10、though I had met no one on this lonely road, I hoped someone might come to _.”句意可知，作者希望在这条孤单的路上能有人出现帮忙。故选C项。52考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“an old pickup truck”可知，作者应是看到了一辆小货车。故选D项。53考查名词词义辨析。结合句子“Then he showed me how to operate the four-wheel-drive shifting gear, locking it into_”可知，这个年轻人教给作者如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置，且，需要将其锁住
11、在恰当的位置。故选D项。54考查固定短语辨析。根据前文“Then he showed me how to operate the four-wheel-drive shifting gear, locking it into_”可知，这个年轻人教给作者如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置以及如何锁住到恰当的位置，因此作者的车又可以发动起来了，B项“in no time”可表达作者当时的急切且激动的心情。故选B项。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A There was a farmer who always sold a pound of butter to a baker. One
12、 day the baker decided to weigh the butter to see if he was getting a pound and found that he was not. This angered11 (he), so he took the farmer to court. The judge asked the farmer12 he had a measuring tool. The farmer replied, “I have a pair of scale. I have been buying a pound of bread from him.
13、 When the baker13 (bring) me the bread, I always put it on my scale and give him the same weight of butter.”BParrots are found in countries like Brazil, Australia and India. They usually live14large groups and because they like to eat fruit, they are sometimes a problem for farmers. There are differ
14、ent kinds of parrots, but they all have strong beaks and feet, which they use for15(climb) and holding food. The biggest parrots can live for up to 80 years. They are16(noise), but they are clever birds and it is easy to teach them to talk. Some zoos have parrot shows, where you can see the birds do
15、ing things they have learned.CKite flying is popular around China. It is known as zhiyuan, as kites are made of paper 17when they fly, they are like eagles. Kites18(use) for military purposes in the beginning. Later kite flying gradually became a very popular recreational activity. In the past, peop
16、le 19(fasten) a bamboo-made whistle onto a kite. While flying through the wind, it made sound like the music 20 (produce)by guzheng, a traditional Chinese musical instrument. Therefore, it has its modern name as fengzheng. 答案语篇解读A篇讲了烘焙师因黄油重量不足而把农夫告上法庭的故事,但经过法官调查了解到其实是烘焙师先欺骗了农夫;B篇介绍了鹦鹉的几个特点;C篇介绍了中国风筝
17、的起源。11.him句意:这让他很生气,所以他就把农夫告上了法庭。本题考查人称代词。谓语动词anger后缺少宾语,故用he的宾格形式him。12.if/whether句意:法官问农夫是否有测量工具。本题考查宾语从句。设空处表示“是否”,因此本空填if或者whether。13.brings句意:当烘焙师把面包带给我以后,我总是把面包放在我的称上,然后给他相同重量的黄油。本题考查动词的时态。设空处表示现在的习惯性动作,故用一般现在时,故填brings。14.in句意:它们经常成群结队地在一起,因为它们喜欢吃水果,有时会给农夫们带来麻烦。本题考查介词。in large groups表示“成群结队地”
18、,故填in。15.climbing它们有强壮的喙和爪子,这可以用来攀爬和抓住食物。本题考查非谓语动词。介词for后加v.-ing形式,因此填climbing。16.noisy句意:它们很吵,但它们是聪明的鸟,教它们说话很容易。本题考查词性转换。系动词后加形容词作表语来说明主语的特征,所以本空应用形容词noisy。17.and句意:它也叫纸鸢,因为它们是由纸做成的,而且它们飞起来的时候就像鹰一样。本题考查连词。设空处前后是完整的两句话,因此用并列连词and连接。18.were used句意:一开始风筝被用于军事用途。本题考查动词的时态和语态。时间点在过去,且kites与use之间为被动关系,因此
19、填were used。19.fastened句意:过去人们把竹子做的哨绑在风筝上。本题考查动词的时态。时间状语为In the past,应用一般过去时,故填fastened。20.produced句意:当它在风中飞的时候,它会发出像一种传统中国乐器古筝发出来的音乐一样的声音。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。动词produce和其逻辑主语music之间是被动关系,故用过去分词produced。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AListed here are four of the thous
20、ands of impressive museums around the world.The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao in Bilbao，SpainBuilt in 1997，the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is one of the newest in the world. It has transformed the industrial city of Bilbao into a travelers desired destination. The beautiful architecture of the museum has pr
21、ovided a dramatic background for movies and commercials.The Louvre in Paris，FranceProbably the most famous Louvre also holds the most famous painting in the world，the “Mona Lisa” by Leonardo da Vinci. Crowds can be found any day surrounding the small，but mysterious painting of the smiling woman. But
22、，the Louvre is much more than a home to the “Mona Lisa”. The Louvre is visited by more people each year than any other museum in the world.The Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia，AmericaJust opened in its new downtown location in 2012，the Barnes Foundation is “unique” in that it is a completely reprod
23、uced display from one mans private collection. Dr. Albert C. Barnes started collecting art in the early 20th century and collected，among others，the largest number of original Renoir paintings in the world.The Uffizi Gallery in Florence，ItalyWalking on the marbled floors feels like stepping back in t
24、ime. The building itself is a beautiful palacelike structure with frescoes(湿壁画) decorating the ceilings and walls. Viewers are bowled over(印象深刻) by the works by Botticelli，such as “The Birth of Venus”. Classic artworks from nearly 1，000 years ago describe religious events of the time.21. Which of th
25、e following is the most popular?A. The Louvre.B. The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao.C. The Barnes Foundation.D. The Uffizi Gallery.22. What makes the Barnes Foundation particular?A. Its structure.B. Its collection.C. Its location.D. Its history.23. What type of writing is this text?A. An activity poster.B
26、. An exhibition announcement.C. An art show review.D. A travel guide.【语篇解读】本文为广告类，涉及文学与艺术话题。文章主要介绍了四个世界闻名的博物馆。21.A 【解析】考查细节理解。由由The Louvre in Paris，France部分的Crowds can be found any day和The Louvre is visited by more people each year than any other museum in the world可知四个博物馆中卢浮宫人气最旺。故选A。22.B 【解析】考查细节理
27、解。由TheBarnesFoundationinPhiladelphia，America部分的“theBarnesFoundationisuniqueinthatitisacompletelyreproduceddisplayfromonemansprivatecollection”可知，该博物馆的特殊之处在于其所有的展览品均是复制品。故选B。23.D 【解析】考查推理判断。由“Listedherearefourofthethousandsofimpressivemuseumsaroundtheworld”可知，本文主要介绍了四个世界闻名的博物馆的概况，故最有可能是旅行指南。故选D。BPeop
28、le like to post their selfies(自拍照) on social media. To know more about it, scientists at Syracuse University in New York recently did a research and came up with some surprising findings.People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behavior connected to narcis
29、sism(自恋), the researchers said. Makana Chock, a professor from Syracuse University, said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives, it is a good place for people to “work towards satisfying their own vanity.” Those “likes” under their Facebook s
30、elfies make them feel good.Besides, people who post group selfies show a need for popularity and a need to belong to a group, the research found. Some people feel “peer(同伴) pressure” to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience, it did not
31、really happen. “Anyway, it shouldnt be seen as negative. People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes. And it does no harm,” Chock said.Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing soft
32、ware. But men who post selfies showed more of a need to be seen as popular than women who posted selfies.Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years. On trips and special events, our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of p
33、hones to take photos. They would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos. They were happy to hear your comments. That was the old wa
34、y of “clicking like”. On social media, however, people can decide not to look at photos - even if they click “like”.24. What is the research mainly about?A. The ways of making people look better in selfies.B. The reasons for people posting selfies on social media.C. The differences between men and w
35、omen in posting selfies.D. The connections between posting selfies and mental health.25. What is Chocks attitude towards selfie posting?A. Ambiguous.B. Cautious.C. Disapproving.D. Supportive.26. From the last paragraph, we know that the older generations showed their photos to friends and family _.A
36、. to win praise from viewersB. to show off their camerasC. to improve relationshipsD. to share good moments【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了人们喜欢在社交媒体上发布自己的自拍。为了了解更多，纽约Syracuse University大学的科学家们最近做了一项研究，并得出了一些令人惊讶的发现。24.B 【解析】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked,
37、especially children and the person showing the photos. They were happy to hear your comments. That was the old way of “clicking like”. On social media, however, people can decide not to look at photos - even if they click “like”. 这说明老一辈人展示他们的照片是希望得到赞许，由此推断出这次研究主要是关于人们在社交媒体上发布自拍的原因，故选B。25.D 【解析】推理判断题
38、。答案定位在最后一段Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years.（Chock说，在社交媒体上发布自拍照与人们多年来的做法并没有太大不同。）由此推断出，Chock对发布自拍照持支持态度。A. Ambiguous. 模糊不清的；B. Cautious. 谨慎的；C. Disapproving. 反对的；D. Supportive.支持的，故选D。26.A 【解析】细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段They were happy
39、 to hear your comments.（他们很高兴听到你的评论。）由此可知从最后一段，我们知道老一辈人把他们的照片展示给朋友和家人，以赢得观众的赞扬，故选A。CAttending college can be expensive, and applying to college can be costly as well. With todays college application fees averaging around $ 80, you can expect to spend hundreds of dollars on college before you are eve
40、n accepted into a school.One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. To save money, try to limit the schools to which you apply to about 2-3 reach schools and 2-3 safety schools.At some schools, being a relative
41、of a graduate can secure you a free application. If you are applying to a school where one of your parents or grandparents is a former graduate, check to see if you re qualified for it.Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Some schools offer free online applications
42、, yet charge a fee for paper submissions. This is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information.Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the partic
43、ipating states cancel their application fee for the week. Be sure to contact the schools to I j which you are applying to see if they participate in College Application Week and when the program takes place in that state.Apply for early admission. If you have already decided on which college is your
44、 top choice, consider applying under an Early Action or Early Decision admission program. If you are accepted, you wont have to submit application fees to other schools.For more information regarding college applications and the fees associated with them, contact your high I school advisor or the ad
45、missions department at your school(s) of interest.27. The passage is mainly written to_.A. introduce famous universities in the United StalesB. show some practical ways to apply an ideal collegeC. advertise for successful applications and advisorsD. offer tips to save money on college application fe
46、es28. What does the author advise to do in the second paragraph?A. Write down your favorite universities.B. Reduce the number of your university choices.C. Apply to two universities each time.D. Mind your safety when applying to college.29. Some schools offer free online application to_,A. receive f
47、ees faster than beforeB. employ someone else to workC. cut down the cost of employmentD. enter the application information30. It can be known from the passage that_,A. application fee might be canceled conditionallyB. many countries attend College Application WeekC. applying for early admission is t
48、he best policyD. admission departments determine your future【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍一些方法节省申请大学的相关费用。27.D 【解析】推理判断题。由第二段到第六段“One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees Apply for early admission ”可知，在你开始申请之前，节省大学申请费用最简单的方法之一就是缩小你申请的学校范围。在一些学校，成为毕业生的亲戚可以让你免费申请。研究申请名单上每所学校的首选方法。一些州，如密歇根州
49、和北卡罗莱纳州，参加了大学申请周，参加申请周的许多学校会取消他们的申请费用。申请提早入学。所以本文旨在介绍一些方法节省申请大学的相关费用，故选D.28.B 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段的One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools可知，在你开始申请之前，节省大学申请费用最简单的方法之一就是缩小你的学校范围。所以作者建议缩减申请学校。故选B。29.C 【解析】细节理解题。由第4段“T
50、his is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information.”可知，这是因为在线申请为学校节省了雇佣职员来输入信息的费用。所以一些学校提供免费的网上申请，以降低雇佣成本。故选C。30.A 【解析】推理判断题。由第二段到第六段“One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin a
51、pplying is to narrow down your list of schools.Apply for early admission ”可知，在你开始申请之前，节省大学申请费用最简单的方法之一就是缩小你申请的学校范围。在一些学校，成为毕业生的亲戚可以让你免费申请。研究申请名单上每所学校的首选方法。一些州，如密歇根州和北卡罗莱纳州，参加了大学申请周，参加申请周的许多学校会取消他们的申请费用。申请提早入学。所以本文介绍了一些方法节省申请大学的相关费用，故申报费用“在某些条件”是不用交的。故选A。DGarbage sorting has become a hot issue around
52、 China, especially after Shanghai began carrying out a regulation on July 1.Beijing, as a forerunner in environmental protection, has thus been expected to follow suit. The capital of the country has long been campaigning for sorting and recycling household waste, as part of its environmental drive
53、for sustainable growth, local media reported.The current regulation gives garbage sorting responsibilities to government departments, property management groups and other organizations. It also gives rules for companies, outlining how theyre responsible for waste collection, transportation and treat
54、ment. Only individuals are not subject to responsibilities.The long-awaited revision will soon change the situation, “Taking out the trash without sorting it properly will be illegal,” said Sun Xinjun, director of the Beijing Commission of Urban Management. In Shanghai, violators are now fined up to
55、 200 yuan ($30)for trash-sorting violations. The maximum fine in Beijing will not be less than that, he said.The Beijing city government first set out to promote garbage sorting in 2009. Authorities have since called on citizens to sort their household waste into four types-recyclable waste, kitchen
56、 trash, dangerous waste and others-and leave it in a corresponding dustbin or trash can. Blue-colored dustbins signify items within are recyclable, green represents kitchen trash, red corresponds to dangerous materials and grey to other waste.To promote the awareness of garbage sorting and expand th
57、e base of participants, authorities have employed workers to help residents on the spot. With intelligent devices, those who throw in recyclable waste at given sites will be rewarded with bonus points, which can be used to buy daily goods. At some communities, there are no color-coded dustbins. Inst
58、ead, a scheduled garbage collection service is offered to help improve the environment. In other communities, workers offer a door-to-door service to collect recyclables or kitchen waste.Beijing Environmental Sanitation Engineering Group has been promoting new garbage sorting facilities such as recy
59、cling cabinets and smart kitchen waste trash cans since 2016, Xinhua News Agency reported. Nearly 26,000 metric tons of household waste is generated across Beijing on a daily basis and 29 terminal garbage disposal facilities are working at full capacity. Nearly 9.3 million tons of household waste wa
60、s processed in the city last year.31. According to the passage, which dustbins should some used coke cans be thrown into?A. Grey-colored dustbins.B. Red-colored dustbins.C. Green-colored dustbins.D. Blue-colored dustbins.32. We can learn from the passage that _.A. new technology has been applied to
61、help deal with garbageB. Beijing carried out a more severe rule on garbage sorting than ShanghaiC. the change of the current regulation has aroused objection among citizensD. the amount of household waste in Beijing is far from something disturbing33. What is the best title for the text?A. How to So
62、rt Garbage in ChinaB. The Current Regulation in BeijingC. Garbage Collection in BeijingD. Waste Recycling Project Counts34. The passage can be sorted as _.A. a book reviewB. a travel brochureC. an environment reportD. a geography essay【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了垃圾分类在北京的实施情况。31. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Blue-col
63、ored dustbins signify items within are recyclable,”可知，蓝色垃圾箱装的是可回收垃圾，而用过的可乐罐属于可回收垃圾，应投入蓝色垃圾箱内，故D项正确。32.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“With intelligent devices, those who throw in recyclable waste at given sites will be rewarded with bonus points”可知，有了智能设备，那些将垃圾投入到指定垃圾箱的市民将获得奖励积分，由此可知，新技术已应用于帮助处理垃圾，故A项正确。33.C
64、【解析】主题大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段中的“Beijing, as a forerunner in environmental protection, has thus been expected to follow suit.”可知，本文主要介绍了垃圾分类在北京的实施情况，故C项正确。34.C 【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是垃圾分类在北京的实施情况，这属于环保话题，因此文章可能是一份环境报告，故C项正确。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How Laughing at Yo
65、urself Makes You AttractiveHave you ever embarrassed yourself in public and got laughed at for it ? 35. And its okaywe should even have a laugh about them. Laughing at yourself means accepting who you really are. You may feel bad about yourself because of past misfortune. However, its normal to be i
66、mperfect. Whats important is that you should be honest with yourself about who you are.36. You wont be able to laugh at yourself without self-acceptance. Laughing at yourself helps increase your confidence. When youre able to stay optimistic and laugh at yourself, you are likely to be more successfu
67、l in life.37. More importantly, it helps you realize your own weaknesses, so you know which areas to do better in.38. .Laughing at someone else may hurt their feelings even if you didnt intend to, while laughing at yourself does not.You might even bring a smile to their faces. People will like it, b
68、ecause it shows that you have the courage to do so and youre being real about your imperfections.39. .So instead of blaming yourself, try to think of your mistakes, in a positive way and accept yourself just as you are. Learn to laugh at yourself and you will be more attractive.A. Laughing at yourse
69、lf makes you popular.B. Accept yourself despite your imperfections.C. You dont need to take yourself seriously all the time.D. Chances are that we all have these kinds of experiences.E. Laughing at yourself changes an ideal image of yourself.F. Just remember that humans all make mistakes.G. This is
70、because laughing at yourself contributes to your mental health.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自嘲让人变得有魅力的三个原因。35.D 根据上文Have you ever embarrassed yourself in public and got laughed at for it ?（你是否曾在公共场合让自己难堪并因此而被嘲笑?）可知，我们都有过在公共场合让自己难堪并因此而被嘲笑的经历。是对上句的回答。故D选项“我们都有这样的经历。”符合上下文语境。故选D。36.B 根据下文You wont be able to la
71、ugh at yourself without self-acceptance.（没有自我接纳，你就无法自嘲。）中acceptance可对应到B选项中Accept yourself，故B选项“接受不完美的自己。”符合上下文语境。故选B。37.G 结合下文More importantly, it helps you realize your own weaknesses, so you know which areas to do better in.（更重要的是，它可以帮助你认识到自己的弱点，这样你就知道在哪些方面可以做得更好。）可知是在说明自嘲的好处是让人认识到自己的弱点，故G选项“这是因为
72、自嘲有助于心理健康。”符合上下文语境。故选G。38.A 根据下文You might even bring a smile to their faces. People will like it, because it shows that you have the courage to do so and youre being real about your imperfections.（你甚至可以给他们带来微笑。人们会喜欢它，因为它表明你有勇气这样做，你对自己的不完美是真实的。）可知人们喜欢自嘲的人，因此自嘲会让人变得更受欢迎。故A选项“自嘲会让你更受欢迎。”符合上下文语境。故选A。39.
73、F 根据下文So instead of blaming yourself, try to think of your mistakes, in a positive way and accept yourself just as you are.（因此，与其责备自己，不如试着以积极的方式思考自己的错误，接受自己本来的样子。）可知人类都会有犯错的时候，与其责备自己，不如试着以积极的方式思考自己的错误，接受自己本来的样子。故F选项“只要记住人类都会犯错。”符合上下文语境。故选F。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）阅读
74、下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。I remember doing the household chores to help my mother when I was nine. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagle
75、ss one.Easier said than done, of course. I didnt realize that I would spend the next five years perfecting my design, a process that resulted in 5,127 different prototypes (样机). By the time I made my 15th prototype, my third child was born. By 2,627, my wife and I were really counting our pennies. B
76、y 3,727, my wife was giving art lessons for some extra cash, and we were getting further and further into debt. These were tough times, but each failure brought me closer to solving the problem.In the early 1980s, I started trying to get licensing agreements for my technology. The reality was very d
77、ifferent, however. The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and filters (滤网). No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business. But soon after, the companies that I had talked with started making machines like mi
78、ne. I had to fight legal battles on both sides of the Atlantic to protect the patents on my vacuum cleaner. I was still in financial difficulties until 1993, when my bank manager personally persuaded Lloyds Bank to lend me $1 million. Then I was able to go into production. Within two years, the Dyso
79、n vacuum cleaner became a best-seller in Britain.Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention,40What drove the author to make a bagless vacuum cleaner?41Why did the companies refuse to license the authors technology?42. P
80、lease decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.The process of the new invention is so tough, so the author did not want to experience the risk inventing things. 43Is “Failure is the mother of success” true in our daily life.? (about 40 words)答案及解析40DHi
81、s discontent with existing cleaners.41AThey thought they might suffer loss.42The process of the new invention is so tough, so the author did not want to experience the risk inventing things. According to the last paragraph in the passage, the author said “Today, I still embrace risk and the potentia
82、l for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention.” which means he will go on with inventing things. 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述作者发明无袋吸尘器的经历，揭示了“失败为成功之母”的道理。40根据文章第一段末尾句内容“I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty
83、 years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless one.”我讨厌换真空吸尘器的袋子，讨厌把吸尘器吸不进去的东西捡起来。二十年后，也就是1978年，我对这台机器的工作方式一直很反感，于是决定做一台无袋的。可知，对于真空吸尘器的反感导致了作者研制一种无袋吸尘器。41细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the prof
84、its from bags and filters. No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business”可知，没人会认可作者的想法是因为真空吸尘器的包装袋和过滤器能够给商家带来盈利，而作者发明的无袋吸尘器会使商家失去原有的能够带来盈利的部分，因此商家担心其不能带来盈利反而可能会导致损失。42作者在文章末尾点明主旨，揭示道理：Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part
85、of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention.可知，作者的“无袋吸尘器”发明经历使他明白了风险和失败在发明过程中是可能存在的。43. (略)第二节 书面表达（满分20分）假定你是李华，给你开网店的英国朋友Peter写封信请他代卖自家产的绿茶。要点如下：1. 介绍中国茶的历史和文化。2. 说明自家产的绿茶的特点。3. 价格。注意:1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_ 【范文】Dear Peter,How are you? I hope you and your family are quite well.
86、Yesterday I posted a package of green tea to you, inside which is a description for it. The reason why I sent you this is that we Chinese people attach great importance to tea and tea drinking. For us, nothing can refresh us more than making a strong kettle of tea, securing a quiet place and tasting
87、 it with our close friends. Besides, whenever our guests come to visit, it is quite a necessity to make and serve tea to show our hospitality.Our family plant tea and we make the tea product by ourselves using organic growing methods. Green and organic, the tea is rich in nutrition like vitamins or microelements. Tasting it, you will find how nice it is. Meanwhile, Id like to ask you a favor. I wonder if you could sell the tea for me in your shop. You can sell it at the price ranging from $ 80 to $ 100 for a kilogram. Thank you for your help!Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua
