1、2014高考英语阅读理解全程提升训练（20）及答案 社会生活类To take the apple as a forbidden fruit is the most unlikely story the Christians (基督教徒) have ever cooked up. For them, the forbidden fruit from Eden is evil (邪恶的) . So when Columbus brought the tomato back from South America, a land mistakenly considered to be Eden, ev
2、eryone jumped to the obvious conclusion. Wrongly taken as the apple of Eden, the tomato was shut out of the door of Europeans. What made it particularly terrifying was its similarity to the mandrake, a plant that was thought to have come from Hell(地狱) . What earned the plant its awful reputation was
3、 its roots which looked like a dried- up human body occupied by evil spirits. Though the tomato and the mandrake were quite different except that both had bright red or yellow fruit, the general population considered them one and the same, too terrible to touch. Cautious Europeans long ignored the t
4、omato, and until the early 1700smost of the Western people continued to drag their feet. In the 1880s, the daughter of a well- known plant expert wrote that the most interesting part of an afternoon tea at her fathers house had been the “introduction of this wonderful new fruitor is it a vegetable?
5、”As late as the twentieth century some writers still classed tomatoes with mandrakes as an“evil fruit”. But in the end tomatoes carried the day. The hero of the tomato was an American named Robert Johnson, and when he was publicly going to eat the tomato in 1820, people journeyed for hundreds of mil
6、es to watch him drop dead. “What are you afraid of? ”he shouted. “Ill show you fools that these things are good to eat!”Then he bit into the tomato. Some people fainted. But he survived and, according to a local story, set up a tomato- canning factory. 1. The tomato was shut out of the door of early
7、 Europeans mainly because .A. it made Christians evilB. it was the apple of EdenC. it came from a forbidden landD. it was religiously unacceptable2. What can we infer from the underlined part in Paragraph 3? A. The process of ignoring the tomato slowed down. B. There was little progress in the study
8、 of the tomato. C. The tomato was still refused in most western countries. D. Most western people continued to get rid of the tomato. 3. What is the main reason for Robert Johnson to eat the tomato publicly? A. To make himself a hero. B. To remove peoples fear of the tomato. C. To speed up the popul
9、arity of the tomato. D. To persuade people to buy products from his factory. 4. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To challenge peoples fixed concepts of the tomato. B. To give an explanation to peoples dislike of the tomato. C. To present the change of peoples attitudes to the tomato. D. T
10、o show the process of freeing the tomato from religious influence. 【参考答案】42.DCBC 阅读理解（共两节, 满分50分）第一节 阅读理解 （共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）AI wasnt surprised when I read that actress Helen Hunt recently stated that she would never allow her young daughter to become a child star. Ms Hunt is the daughter of a Holly
11、wood technical director, and grew up in Hollywood. Now in her late 40s, she started acting and modeling when she was eight and has probably seen a lot over those years in show business. She has had a successful career. She earned four Golden Globes and four Emmys. She also attained the top honor of
12、her profession when she won the Best Actress Academy Award for her role in the 1992 movie, As Good As It Gets. Given those accolades, Ms Hunt is successful. There is no doubt that her early experiences as a child star prepared her for what has been an outstanding adult career. Given those achievemen
13、ts, why would this star declare shell never allow her daughter, now at the age of six, to follow in her footsteps? Everyone familiar with the entertainment scene is aware of the reasons for her attitude. Recent tabloid (小报) news headlines featuring the troubles of former child stars, among them Lind
14、say Lohan, Britney Spears and the late Gary Coleman, may answer the question. Although Ms Hunt managed to become a successful grown-up star, she apparently believes shes an exception. What Ms Hunt may be suggesting is that many very young stars go through unnatural childhoods on movie and TV sets. W
15、hile theyre earning big incomes, theyre so pampered (纵容) by directors and praised by fans; they may get false impressions that their lives will always be that way. Then, within a few years, when faced with reality, theyre hurt and confused. After all the overwhelming affection, they find they cant d
16、eal with the problems. Thats often when drugs and alcohol take over their lives.Helen Hunt has some other reasons why she doesnt want her daughter to be in the entertainment business. Many child stars can never make a successful transition to meaningful adulthood. However, as with many Hollywood mov
17、ies, I believe there are both good and bad scenes about how it can be played out in real life.【文章大意】本文叙述了尽管著名女演员Helen Hunt是童星出身，但她不同意六岁的女儿演电影，因为它认为，许多童星的未来都是悲剧。26. According to the passage, Ms Hunt _.A. started acting and modeling when she was a little girlB. has been acting for about 30 yearsC. is
18、the daughter of a famous actor D. started singing when she was eight【答案】A 【 解析】细节理解题。根据Now in her late 40s, she started acting and modeling when she was eight可知她在很小的时候就开始表演了，故选A。27. The underlined word “accolades” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_”.A. difficultiesB. awardsC. salariesD. opinions【答案】B【
19、 解析】词义猜测题。根据She earned four Golden Globes and four Emmys.和when she won the Best Actress Academy Award可知它是奖项，故选B。28. The author thinks Helen Hunts success is mainly due to _.A. her hard work B. the help of a technical directorC. her experiences as a child star D. her talent and good luck【答案】C【 解析】细节理
20、解题。根据There is no doubt that her early experiences as a child star prepared her for what has been an outstanding adult career.作者认为Helen Hunt的成功在于她童年开始的经历，故选C。29. Helen Hunt wouldnt allow her daughter to become a child star because she thinks _.A. child stars often take drugs and alcohol B. being a ch
21、ild star may ruin her futureC. child stars arent able to solve their problems D. it is difficult to succeed as a child actor【答案】B【 解析】细节理解题。根据What Ms Hunt may be suggesting is that many very young stars go through unnatural childhoods on movie and TV sets. While theyre earning big incomes, theyre so
22、 pampered (纵容) by directors and praised by fans; they may get false impressions that their lives will always be that way. Then, within a few years, when faced with reality, theyre hurt and confused.童星可能对未来的发展不好，故选B。30. From the passage we can conclude that _.A. few child stars will succeed in the fu
23、ture B. there is no way to save the entertainment businessC. the author has a different opinion about child stars D. meaningful adulthood only belongs to non-child stars【答案】C【 解析】推理判断题。根据I believe there are both good and bad scenes about how it can be played out in real life.可推出作者对于童星有不同的意见，故选C。社会生活
24、类-78As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating (发电) and transmission (输送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their
25、 direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around. The 19th century saw land grants (政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcont
26、inental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the West, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate h
27、ighway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died. Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alterna
28、tive energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now. So trade-offs will have to be made. Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species (物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodatio
29、ns. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects. The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that po
30、wer and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways. The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate
31、footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So lets remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West. 1. What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways? A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned.B. Some railroad
32、 stops remained underused.C. Land in the West was hard to manage.D. Land grants went into private hands.2. What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to thelast two paragraphs? A. The transmission of power. B. The use of money and power.C. The conservation of solar
33、energy.D. The selection of an ideal place.3. What is the authors attitude towards building solar plants? A. Cautious.B. Approving.C. Doubtful. D. Disapproving.4. Which is the best title for the passage? A. How the Railways Have Affected the WestB. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the WestC. How the Ef
34、fects of Power Plants Can Be ReducedD. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled【参考答案】78.1-4 CBAB 阅读理解- Until a few months ago, he was a butler(管家) in one of the more expensive residential buildings in Manhattan. But now, Nepal-born Indra Tamang is the owner of two multi-million dollar apar
35、tments in the same building. The former owner - his former employer, Ruth Ford - died last year and left the apartments to Mr Tamang in her will. Mr Tamang is happy but quickly points out that his good fortune did not come easily. I am happy and have been touched by the generosity of the Ford family
36、, he says. I never expected that I will be given the ownership of these apartments. But I have been working for the family for the last 36 years, devotedly, with honesty and dedication(奉献). So my hard work has been rewarded. Mr Tamang was 21 when he was brought from Nepal by Charles Ford, a writer a
37、nd a photographer. Mr Ford died in 2002; his sister, actress Ruth Ford, then took charge and told Mr Tamang that he was like a brother to her after Charless death. Mrs Ford died aged 98. During the last five years of her life, she lost her eyesight and also developed speech problems. Mr Tamang looke
38、d after her most of the time and took care of her medicines and food. He also worked with Charles Ford on various photography projects, which he now wants to keep as the photographers legacy(遗产). He hopes to organize exhibitions of Mr Fords photographs and edit a book of his works.Mr Tamang plans to
39、 sell the bigger, three-bedroom apartment to pay the taxes he owes to the government on his legacy. He says: The rules of the building might be a problem, as they require a minimum monthly income to qualify to live as owner of apartments. I have my small house here but I am happy with it, Mr Tamang
40、has learnt his lesson from the life of his employers and plans to use his money with great caution. I think one should save money for old age. Thats when you need it the most to get care, he says. 【文章大意】本文叙述了Mr Tamang本来是一个管家，由于细心地照顾主人，最后主人把数百万的房产留给了他，他卖了一个公寓还上了税收，他从主人那里学到花钱要小心谨慎。31. Mr Tamang treate
41、d the legacy as _. A. a reward B. a punishment C. business D. a gift【答案】A 【 解析】细节理解题。根据So my hard work has been rewarded.可知他把遗产看成是他的奖励，故选A。32. What DIDNT Mr Tamang do in the Ford family? A. Show Mr Fords works in the exhibition. B. Look after Ruth Ford when she was ill. C. Work on kinds of photograp
42、hy projects D. Experience deaths of Charles Ford and Ruth Ford【答案】A【 解析】细节理解题。根据He hopes to organize exhibitions of Mr Fords photographs and edit a book of his works.他希望办一次影展，说明他还没有去做，故选A。33. Mr Tamang wants to sell one apartment to _. A. buy the small house B. pay the government the tax of the apar
43、tments C. edit a book of Charles Fords photographs D. move into the expensive apartments as soon as possible【答案】B【 解析】细节理解题。根据Mr Tamang plans to sell the bigger, three-bedroom apartment to pay the taxes he owes to the government on his legacy.他要卖一套公寓来缴税，故选B。34. What lesson does Mr Tamang learn from
44、the Ford family? A. To find a good butler. B. To spend money thoughtfully. C. To save money for children. D. To get good care when people get old. 【答案】B【 解析】细节理解题。根据Mr Tamang has learnt his lesson from the life of his employers and plans to use his money with great caution. Mr Tamang从主人那里学到花钱要小心谨慎，故
45、选B。35. What can we know from the passage? A. Charles Ford gave the apartments to Mr Tamang. B. Charles Ford couldnt see or speak before his death. C. Mr Tamang treated Ruth Ford much better than her brother. D. Mr Tamang will still live in his small house in the near future. 【答案】D【 解析】推理判断题。根据I have my small house here but I am happy with it, 可推知他可能要住进小的房子，故选D。