1、2014高考英语阅读理解二轮精英训练精品题（23）及答案 【2014高考英语吉林省实验中学一模试题】“A good book for children should simply be a good book in its own right” says Mollie Hunter. Born and brought up near Edinburgh，Mollie has devoted her talents to writing primarily for young people. She firmly believes that there is and should always
2、be a wider audience for any good book whatever its main market is. In Mollies opinion it is necessary to make full use of language and she enjoys telling a story，which is what every writer should be doing. “If you arent telling a story, youre a very dead writer indeed.” She says. With the chief func
3、tion of a writer being to entertain，Mollie is indeed an entertainer. “I have this great love of not only the meaning of language but of the music of language,” she says. “This love goes back to early childhood. I had a school teacher who used to ask us what we would like to be when we grew up and，be
4、cause my family always had dogs，and I was very good at handling them，I said I wanted to work with dogs，and the teacher always said Nonsense，Mollie；dear，youll be a writer. So finally I thought that this woman must have something，since she was a good teacher and I decided when I was nine that I would
5、be a writer.”This childhood intention is described in her novel，A Sound of Chariots，which although written in the third person is clearly autobiographical (自传体的) and gives a picture both of Mollies ambition and her struggle towards its achievement. Thoughts of her childhood inevitably (不可避免地) brough
6、t thoughts of the time when her home was still a village with buttercup meadows and strawberry fieldssadly now covered with modern houses. “I was once taken back to see it and I felt that somebody had lain dirty hands all over my childhood. Ill never go back，”she said “Never. When I set one of my bo
7、oks in Scotland” she said “I can recall my romantic feelings as a child playing in those fields，or watching the village blacksmith at work. And thats important because children now know so much so early that romance cant exist for them, as it did for us.”60. What does Mollie Hunter feel about the na
8、ture of a good book?AIt should not aim at a narrow audience.BIt should be attractive to young readers.CIt should be based on original ideas.DIt should not include too much conversation.61. In Mollie Hunters opinion，which of the following is one sign of a poor writer?ABeing poor in life experience.BB
9、eing short of writing skills.CThe weakness of description.DThe absence of a story.62. What do we learn about Mollie Hunter as a young child?AShe didnt expect to become a writer.BShe didnt enjoy writing stories.CShe didnt have any particular ambitions.DShe didnt respect her teachers views.63. Whats t
10、he writers purpose in this text?ATo share her enjoyment of Mollie Hunters books.BTo introduce Mollie Hunters work to a wider audience.CTo provide information for Mollie Hunters existing readers.DTo describe Mollie Hunters most successful books.【参考答案】【参考答案】60-63 ADAB 阅读理解课堂练学案（19）Passage Sixteen (Cri
11、me in Computer) New and bizarre crimes have come into being with the advent of computer technology. Organized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited opportunities, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage, politically r
12、elated sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes Theft of data, or data crime, has attracted the interest of organized criminal syndicates. This is usually the theft or copying of valuable computer grogram. An international market already exists for computeriz
13、ed data, and specialized fences are said to be playing a key role in this rapidly expanding criminal market. Buyers for stolen programs may range from a firms competitors to foreign nations. A competitor sabotages a companys computer system to destroy or cripple the firms operational ability, thus n
14、eutralizing its competitive capability either in the private or the government sector. This computer sabotage may also be tied to an attempt by affluent investors to acquire the victim firm. With the growing reliance by firms on computers for their recordkeeping and daily operations, sabotage of the
15、ir computers can result in internal havoc, after which the group interested in acquiring the firm can easily buy it at a substantially lower price. Criminal groups could also resort to sabotage if the company is a competitor of a business owned or controlled by organized crime. Politically motivated
16、 sabotage is on the increase; political extremist groups have sprouted on every continent. Sophisticated computer technology arms these groups with awesome powers and opens technologically advanced nations to their attack. Several attempts have already been made to destroy computer facility at an ai
17、r force base. A university computer facility involved in national defence work suffered more than $2 million in damages as a result of a bombing. Computer vulnerability has been amply documented. One congressional study concluded that neither government nor private computer systems are adequately pr
18、otected against sabotage. Organized criminal syndicates have shown their willingness to work with politically motivated groups. Investigators have uncovered evidence of cooperation between criminal groups and foreign governments in narcotics. Criminal groups have taken attempts in assassinating poli
19、tical leaders. Computers are used in hospital life-support system, in laboratories, and in major surgery. Criminals could easily turn these computers into tools of devastation. By sabotaging the computer of a life-support system, criminals could kill an individual as easily as they had used a gun. B
20、y manipulating a computer, they could guide awesome tools of terror against large urban centers. Cities and nations could become hostages. Homicide could take a now form. The computer may become the hit man of the twentieth century. The computer opens vast areas of crime to organized criminal groups
21、, both national and international. It calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts, because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle, especially those requiting a vast network of fences. Although criminals have adapted to computer technology, law e
22、nforcement has not. Many still think in terms of traditional criminology.1. How many kinds of crimes are mentioned in the passage?A. 7. . 8. C. 9. D. 102. What is the purpose of a competitor to sabotage a companys computer?A. His purpose is to destroy or weaken the firms operational ability. His pur
23、pose is to weaken firms competitive capability and get it.C. His purpose is to buy the rivals company at a relatively low price.D. His purpose is to steal important data.3. Which of the following can be labeled as a politically motivated sabotage of a computer system?A. Sabotage of a university comp
24、uter. Sabotage of a hospital computer.C. Sabotage of computer at a secret training base.D. Sabotage of a factory computer.4. What does the author mean by “Homicide could take a new form”?A. There is no need to use a gun in killing a person. Criminals can kill whoever they want by a computer.C. The c
25、omputer can replace any weapons.D. The function of a computer is just like a gun.Vocabulary1. bizarre 奇怪的2. vandalism 破坏，故意破坏文化，艺术的行为3. cripple 使瘫痪，削弱4. fence 贼市，脏品买卖处5. neutralize 使成为无效6. affluent 富裕的7. recordkeeping 记录存贮8. havoc 浩劫，大破坏9. resort to 求助于，借助于10. motivate 作为的动机，激发11. extremist 过激分子，极端主
26、义分子12. sprout 萌发迅速发展13. awesome 令人惊惧的，引起敬畏的14. vulnerability 易受攻击，脆弱15. devastation 劫持，破坏16. hospital life-support system 医院的生命维持系统17. hit man 职业凶手（杀手）18. pool 集中（资金）合办，入股19. criminology 犯罪学，刑事学难句译注1. Organized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited opportunities
27、, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage, politically related sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes结构简析 句子很长，都是简单句，中间有分号隔开，后面是举例。参考译文 有组织犯罪团伙也直接参与：计算机新技术较为犯罪提供了无限的机会，如数据信息犯罪，偷窃服务项目，跟财产有关的犯罪，工业破坏，跟政治有关的破坏，破坏文化艺术
28、，对个人和财经方面的罪行等等。2. An international market already exists for computerized data, and specialized fences are said to be playing a key role in this rapidly expanding criminal market.结构简析 并列句，and 作对比连接词用。参考译文 一个计算机信息的国际市场已经存在，而专门从事脏品交易的市场据说在迅速扩展的犯罪市场中起着关键的作用。3. A competitor sabotages a companys computer
29、 system to destroy or cripple the firms operational ability, thus neutralizing its competitive capability either in the private or the government sector.结构简析 主谓宾补结构，后跟thus+从句表示结果。参考译文 竞争对手破坏一个公司的计算机系统为的是摧毁或削弱公司的操作运行能力，从而使其丧失在私人或政府部门中的竞争力。4. The computer opens vast areas of crime to organized crimina
30、l groups, both national and international. It calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts, because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle, especially those requiting a vast network of fences.结构简析 两句话。前一句为主谓宾，后一句为主从句，从句内采用tooto 句型，后跟分词独立结构进一步说明。参
31、考译文 计算机为国内和国际有组织犯罪集团开辟了犯罪的广泛领域。它要求它们集中资源，提高通力协作力量，因为许多犯罪太复杂，一个集团难以驾驭，特别是那些需要巨大的脏品交易时常网络的罪行。写作方法与文章大意文章介绍“计算机犯罪”，采用分类写作手法，先列出种种计算机犯罪项，下面逐一说明。文本只选四种犯罪信息数据偷窃或信息（数据）犯罪，产业破坏，政治破坏，对个人生命破坏。分四段叙述，每段为一种罪行，最后是对比罪犯势力越来越有组织，势力请大，而司法部门却没有准备好。答案祥解1. B. 种，具体罪行。见难句译注。2. B. 他的目的是削弱公司竞争力进而得到它。答案见难句译注及第二段第二句起：“计算机破坏也可
32、以和富裕的投资者欲得到对手的公司的企图相连。随着公司对计算机记录存储的信赖性加强，破坏他们的计算机可以造成内部大破坏。之后，对取得这个公司感性趣的集团很容易在级低价格上买进。”A. 削弱公司运转能力。C. 在相当低的价格上买进对手的公司。这两个选项都只是破坏目的的一个方面。D. 偷窃重要资料，文内没有讲。3. C 破坏秘密训练基础。这可以标以政治目的的破坏计算机。A. 大学B. 医院D. 工厂。这三个地方都难以和政治直接相连，第三段讲的大学是“参与国防保卫工作的大学计算机措施”，和一般大学不一样。只有秘密训练的基地和真正相连的可能性最大，所以选C.4. B. 犯罪可以通过计算机任意杀人。答案在
33、第五段：“犯罪集团曾采取步骤暗杀政治领袖。医院的生命维护系统，实验室，大型外科手术中都用计算机。罪犯们很容易把这些计算机转变成破坏的工具。通过破坏生命维护系统计算机，罪犯们就像用枪一样很容易杀死人。通过控制计算机，他们可以指导这可怖的工具攻击大城市中心。城市和国家都可以成为人质。谋杀具有新的形式，计算机可能成为世纪的事业杀手。”A. 杀人不需要用枪。这话太笼统，不用枪，用什么。用毒药，用刀？C. 计算机可以取代任何武器。D. 计算机的功能就像枪，错误的。【2014高考英语吉林省实验中学一模试题】 CThe computer keyboard helped kill shorthand-a sy
34、stem of rapid handwriting, and now its threatening to finish off handwriting as a whole. When handwritten essays were introduced on the SAT exams for the class of 2011, just 15% of the most 1.5 million students wrote their answers in cursive (草写字母）.The rest? Block letters.And those college hopefuls
35、are just the first edge of a wave of US students who no longer get much handwriting instructions in the primary grades, frequently 10 minutes a day or less. As a result, more and more students struggle to read and write cursive.At Keene Mill Elementary School in Springfield, all their poems and stor
36、ies are typed. Children in Fairfax County schools are taught keyboarding beginning in kindergarten. Older students who never mastered handwriting say it doesnt affect their grades.There are those who say the culture is at a crossing, turning from the written word to the typed one. If handwriting bec
37、omes a lost form of communication, does it matter?It was at University of Virginia that researchers recently discovered a previously unknown poem by Robert, written in his unique script. Handwritten documents are more valuable to researchers, historians say, because their authenticity (真实性）can be co
38、nfirmed. Students also find them more fascinating.The loss of handwriting also may be a cognitive (认知的）opportunity missed. Several academic studies have found that good handwriting skills at a young age can help children express their thoughts better-a lifelong benefit. It doesnt take much to teach
39、better handwriting skills. At some schools in Prince Georges County, elementary school students use a program called Handwriting Without Tears for 15 minutes a day. They learn the correct formation of manuscript letters through second grade, and cursive letters in third grade.There are always going
40、to be some kids who struggle with handwriting because of their particular neurological (神经系统的) wiring, learning issues or poor motor skills. Educators often point to this factor in support of keyboarding.64. What is the author concerned about after 2011 SAT exams?A. Keyboarding. B. Shorthand. C. Han
41、dwriting. D. Block letters.65. A poem by Robert mentioned in the passage is used to _.A. prove how valuable handwriting isB. explain what a famous poet he isC. show how unique his poem isD. stress how fascinating the documents are66. The example of Handwriting Without Tears helps to argue that_.A. t
42、he schools are responsible for the loss of handwritingB. the loss of handwriting is a cognitive opportunity missed C. it doesnt take much to teach better handwriting skillsD. the culture is turning from the written word to the typed one67. According to the author, when is a perfect time to learn handwriting?A. Kindergarten. B. Primary school. C. High school. D. College.【参考答案】【参考答案】64-67 CACB