1、Unit 2 The environment环境污染已经成为全球问题，保护环境，人人有责。为什么环境如此重要？读一读下面的文章了解一下吧！Unit 2 The environmentWhy Our Environment Matters So Much The simplest explanation about why the environment matters is that,as humans,the environmentthe Earthis our home.It is where we live,breathe,eat,raise our children,etc.Our e
2、ntire life support system(系统)is dependent on the well-being of all of the species living on earth.This is commonly referred to as the biosphere(生 物 圈),a term created by Vladimir Vernadsky,a Russian scientist in the 1920s.The biosphere refers to one global ecological system in which all living things
3、 are interdependent.Unit 2 The environmentFood ChainThe food chain is an example of this.The sun provides light and heat for plants.The plants are consumed(消耗)by animals who are in turn consumed by other animals who may in turn,be consumed by humans.Or perhaps they are used for material,clothing，etc
4、.Even insects like mosquitoes play a role and of course bees pollinate plants.Unit 2 The environmentEcosystemWithin the overall biosphere,or ecosystem,there are smaller ecosystems like the rainforests,marine ecosystems,the desert and the tundra(冻原，苔原)When any of these systems are off kilter(平衡，状态良好)
5、,it impacts the entire planet.All of the environmental problems that exist have farreaching implications for the health of our planet and its inhabitants.Unit 2 The environmentFor example,global warming causes a rise in sea levels which affects marine life.The rising sea levels also cause land erosi
6、on(侵蚀)which harms the habitats of animals living by the coast.Global warming also melts polar caps and leads to Arctic shrinking.This endangers the polar bears and other Arctic wildlife.Since the icecaps are made of fresh water,they will throw off the saline levels in the ocean which will affect oce
7、an currents.Furthermore,the ice caps reflect light.As they disappear the Earth will get darker and absorb more heat increasing the Earths temperature.Unit 2 The environmentSection Welcome to the unit&ReadingWarming Up基础词汇1_ n&vi.辩论；争论，讨论 2_ vi.流，流动；流畅地进行 n.流动；连贯 3_ vt.&vi.回收利用 debateflowrecycle4_ n.
8、赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分 5_ n.数量 6_ adj.原始的，未经加工或处理的 7_ adj.愿意的，乐意的 8_ vt.&vi.用泵(或泵样器官等)输送；涌出，涌流 n.泵；抽水机；打气筒 creditquantityrawwillingpump拓展词汇9_ n.顾问consult v.查阅；请教；商讨；就诊 10_ n.产量；生产produce vt.生产；制造 11_ adj.贪婪的，贪心的greed n.贪婪，贪心 12_ n.责任，职责responsible adj.有责任的；负责的 consultantproductiongreedyresponsibility13_
9、n.看法；信念believe v.相信；认为 14_ adj.环境的environment n.环境 15_ vt.&vi.经营；动手术operation n.手术【构词】名词后缀-(t)ion：的行为/动作；常见词：action行为 collection 收集 creation 创造beliefenvironmentaloperate1_ 自由发言 2_导致 3_减少，削减，缩减 4_同时；然而，可是 5_对关心 open the floorresult incut back onat the same timebe concerned about6_四处打听；多方询问 7_砍倒，削减 8_
10、用尽 9_用完，耗尽 10_只要ask aroundcut downuse uprun out(of)as long as1.倒装_ Ms Lin Shuiqing，from the Green Society，and Mr Qian Liwei，a business development consultant.和我在一起的嘉宾是来自绿色协会的林水清女士和企业发展顾问钱利伟先生。With me are2现在分词短语作结果状语Other types of waste flow into our water，_其他种类的废物流入水中，杀死了河流和海洋中的生物。3倍数what 引导的名词性从句Th
11、e worlds population has grown _in 1800.与 1800 年相比，世界人口的数量已增长了六倍。killing river and sea lifeby six times what it was4do 强调谓语动词However，I _ that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled，and less from raw materials，the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller.然而，我的确非常赞同我
12、们应该用可循环利用的材料生产出更多东西，更少地用原材料生产，因为原材料的供应量越来越少了。5What if.？如果怎么办？_ they run out?如果它们用完了怎么办？do agreeWhat if Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.1 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in LinShuiqings speech?AIndustrial waste destroyed many plants and killed many pla
13、nts and animals.BFactories producing poisonous chemicals should be closed down.CFishes died because of more than one reason.DPolluted atmosphere can make human beings sick.2What can be inferred from the speech?AThough we caught large numbers of fish，they develop so quickly that well still have enoug
14、h to eat.BIts likely that well not have enough to eat if we keep producing people rapidly.CLin Shuiqing is for the idea of recycling，while Qian Liwei is against it.D An economist is often seen as being against the environment.3What does the phrase“open the floor for discussion”mean in the 1st paragr
15、aph?ALet people step on the stage to discuss.BAllow people to come into and discuss with the speaker.CPeople can bring out questions or give their opinions freely.DThe speaker comes onto the stage to discuss with the audience.4What does the sentence“People often have this belief that development is
16、bad for the environment，but this does not have to be true.”mean?AEconomic development is good for the environment.BEconomic development is bad for the environment.C Economic development is not always bad for the environment.DPeople are wrong to think economic development is bad for the environment.答
17、案：14.BBCC Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1What Im here to say is that having worked with many environmental consultants,I know that a healthy environment and development should be possible at the same time.本句是一个主从复合句，that having worked with many environmental consultants.为 tha
18、t 引导的_从句；that a healthy environment and development should be possible at the same time 为 that 引导的_从句。尝试翻译 我在这里要说的是，与很多环境顾问一起工作之后，我知道_ 是有可能的。答案：表语；宾语；健康的环境和经济发展并存2There are many factories and industries which control the amount of pollution they produce,and are very careful to spend money repairing
19、any damage they cause.本句是一个主从复合句，which control the amount of pollution they produce,and are very careful to spend money repairing any damage they cause 是_从句；and 连接两个并列的谓语_和 are very careful。尝试翻译 现在有很多工厂和企业，它们_，很用心地投入资金，_ 破坏。答案：定语；control；控制自己污染物的排放量；修缮自己造成的任何The economy or the environmentmust we cho
20、ose?TV host：James LongSpeakers：Lin Shuiqing,a spokeswoman from the Green SocietyQian Liwei,a business development consultantJames Long：Good morning.Todays debate question is，The economy or the environment must we choose？With me are Ms Lin Shuiqing，from the Green Society,and Mr Qian Liwei,a business
21、development consultant.We are following our usual schedulefor debates.Ms Lin Shuiqing will speak first for three minutes.Mr Qian Liwei will follow,also for three minutes.Then we will open the floor for discussion.If you have any questions or comments,you can use this time to express them.economyIknm
22、In.经济(情况)；经济体TV host 电视节目主持人spokeswomanspkswmnn.女发言人spokesman n发言人consultantknsltntn.顾问debatedIbeItn.&vi.辩论；争论，讨论表语 with me 提前，构成完全倒装句。schedule n计划表，进度表，日程表 v排定，把安排在，预定 on schedule 按预定时间open the floor 自由发言 have/get the floor 取得发言权express v表达，表示经济还是环境我们必须做出选择吗？电视节目主持人：詹姆斯朗发言人：林水清，绿色协会女发言人钱利伟，企业发展顾问詹姆
23、斯朗：上午好。今天辩论的话题是“经济还是环境我们必须做出选择吗？”和我在一起的嘉宾是来自绿色协会的林水清女士和企业发展顾问钱利伟先生。我们今天辩论的程序与往常一样。林水清女士首先发言，时间为 3 分钟。接下来是钱利伟先生发言，时间也是 3 分钟。然后我们将展开自由讨论。如果大家有什么问题或评论，可以利用这一时间将它们表达出来。Lin Shuiqing：Good morning,everyone.First I am talking to you today about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical wasteB1
24、0.Many places have been destroyed and many plants and animals have died.This is awful .Factories produce large numbers of harmful chemicals.The waste they create goes into the atmosphereand makes us sick.Other types of waste flow into our water,killing river and sea life.Much sea life is being destr
25、oyed by fishing boats as well.These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs.This will result in a smaller number of fish left for us to eat in the future.While we damage our environment,we keep producing more and more people who need more land to live on and more food
26、to eat！The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.The figure is now about 7 billion people!10 the way 作先行词后接定语从句，定语从句缺状语时。awful adj.可怕的large numbers of 大量的，修饰复数可数名词。harmful adj.有害的atmosphere n大气，空气；气氛；氛围flowflvi.流，流动；流畅地进行 n流动；连贯as well 也lay vt.产卵，下蛋；放置，摆放result in 导致 result fr
27、om 因产生，由造成while(when)conj.当的时候keep doing sth.一直做某事21 who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 people。22 grow by 增长了 grow to 增长到23“倍数what 从句”是倍数的一种表达形式。24 figure n数字25 billionbIljnn.十亿林水清：大家上午好。我今天首先要谈的是化学废物如何破坏世界上的大片区域的。许多地方已经被毁，许多动植物已经死亡。这很可怕。工厂生产大量有害化学物质。它们产生的废物进入大气，使我们生病。其他种类的废物流入水中，杀死了河流和海洋中的生物。捕鱼船也在毁灭大量的海洋生物。这些船捕捞大量的鱼
28、，而不给它们时间产卵。这将导致今后我们食用的鱼的数目更小。一方面我们在毁灭环境，另一方面我们继续生育越来越多的人口，这些人口需要更多的土地居住，也需要更多的食物食用！与 1800 年相比，世界人口的数量已增长了六倍。现在约有七十亿人！It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the number of things we make and buy.The amount of rubbish we produce is turning intoa big problem;we need to think more abo
29、ut recyclingour waste.It would be good to increase the amount of waste we recycle,and teach people ways of living that do not harm the environment.We may even create more jobs and help our country become more developed at the same time.Thank you.26 dutydjutIn.责任，义务，本分27 cut back on 减少，削减，缩减28 produc
30、tionprdknn.产量；生产29 the number of的数量30 we make and buy 为省略了关系代词 that/which 的定语从句。31 we produce 为省略了关系代词 that/which 的定语从句，修饰先行词 rubbish。32 turn into 变成33 recyclerisaIklvt.&vi.回收利用34 we recycle 为省略了关系代词 that/which 的定语从句，修饰先行词 waste。35 that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 ways of living。我们有责任努力削减生产，减少制造和购买物品的数量。我们制造出来的垃圾的
31、数量正在成为一个大问题。我们有必要更多地考虑回收利用垃圾。好的做法将是增加回收利用的废物的数量，并教给人们不损害环境的生活方式。我们甚至可以创造出更多的就业机会，帮助我们的国家在保护环境的同时更好地发展。谢谢。Qian Liwei：Good morning,ladies and gentlemen.Thank you,Ms Lin.That was an interesting speech.It is clear that you are very concerned about the present situationof our environment.As a business de
32、velopment consultant,Im often seen as being against the environment.When people think of factories,they think of clouds of dirty smoke or of pipes pouring chemical waste into rivers.They think of greedy businessmen hiding from their responsibilitiesand only worrying about money.People often have thi
33、s belief that development is bad for the environment,but this does not have to be true.36 gentleman n绅士，先生37 be concerned about 关心，关注38 situation n形势，情形39 that 引导主语从句，it 作形式主语。40 see.as.把看作41 pipepaIpn.管子，管道42 pour.into.把倒入43 现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 pipes。44 greedyridIadj.贪婪的，贪心的45 businessmanbIznsmnn.(尤指上层)
34、商界人员；企业家46 responsibilityrIspnsbIltIn.责任，职责47 beliefbIlifn.看法；信念48 that 引导同位语从句，解释说明 belief。钱利伟：女士们、先生们，上午好。谢谢你，林女士。你的演讲很有意思。显然，你非常关注我们的环境的现状。作为企业发展顾问，我常常被视为是反对环保的。一想到工厂，人们就会想到污浊的滚滚浓烟或者向河流倾泻化学废物的管道。他们会想到那些逃避责任并且只想着赚钱的贪婪的商人。人们常常认为经济发展对环境有害，但这未必是正确的。What Im here to say is that having worked with many
35、environmentalconsultants，I know that a healthy environment and development should be possible at the sametime.There are many factories and industries which control the amount of pollution they produce,and are very careful to spend money repairing any damage they cause.The people operating these fact
36、ories are deeply concerned about the environment.We need to stop thinking of companies and businessmen as the enemy,and give them more credit!Ms Lin suggested we should cut back on the quantityof things we produce in order to save the environment.I dont agree with her because then jobs will be lost.
37、I believe that people are more important than fish and trees.49 environmentalInvaIrnmentladj.环境的environment n环境50 which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 factories and industries，其中又包含另一个定语从句 they produce，修饰先行词pollution。51 spend.doing sth.花费做某事52 they cause 为定语从句，修饰先行词 damage。53 operatepreItvt.&vi.经营；动手术54 think of.as.把
38、看作55 creditkredItn.赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分56 quantitykwnttIn.数量 quality n质量57 we produce 为定语从句，修饰先行词 things。58 save vt.保护，救；节省；储蓄59 lost 为过去分词化的形容词作表语(gone)。我在这里要说的是，与很多环境顾问一起工作之后，我知道健康的环境和经济发展并存是有可能的。现在有很多工厂和企业，它们控制自己污染物的排放量，很用心地投入资金，修缮自己造成的任何破坏。这些工厂的经营者非常关心环境。我们应该停止将这些公司和商人视为敌人，而应给他们更多的赞誉！林女士建议我们应该削减生产量
39、来拯救环境。我不同意她的观点，因为那样的话，许多人将会失去工作。我认为人类比鱼类和树木更加重要。However,I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled,and less from raw materials,the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller.What we need are better laws to preservethe environment and still allow our coun
40、try to grow.This includes controls on how many trees are cut down and how many fish are caught.This might make wood and seafoodmore expensive,but paying a higher price for some thingsis not always bad.Asking around,I find many people willing to pay a little higher price for things that are friendly
41、to the environment.Finally,those factories which pollute the environmentshould have to pay higher taxes.If you harmthe environment,you should have to pay for it to be repaired.Thank you for listening.James Long:Now we will open the floor for discussion.60 do 为助动词，强调谓语动词，意为“的确”。61 that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 m
42、aterials。62 raw material n原材料rawradj.原始的，未经加工或处理的63 which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 raw materials。64 what 引导主语从句。65 preserve vt.保护，维持；保存，贮存66 seafoodsifudn.海味，海鲜67 动名词短语作主语。68 willingwIlIadj.愿意的，乐意的69 that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 things。70 which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 those factories。71 taxtksn.税，税款72 harm(damage)vt.损害，伤害，危害73 pay v付钱然而，我的确非常赞同我们应该用可循环利用的材料生产出更多东西，更少地用原材料生产，因为原材料的供应量越来越少了。我们需要更好的法律来保护环境，但同时让国家得到发展。这包括控制伐木量和捕捞量。这可能会让木材和海产品价格上涨，但是为某些东西支付更高的价钱并不总是坏事。我问过周围的人，发现许多人都愿意支付稍高一些的价钱来购买环保产品。最后，那些污染环境的工厂应该缴纳更高的税。如果你破坏环境，你就应该为此付出更多的环境维护费用。谢谢大家。詹姆斯朗：现在是自由讨论时间
