1、1Hawking, who is probably the worlds most famous scientist after Albert Einstein, is an expert on black holes.霍金，也许是继爱因斯坦之后世界最著名的科学家，他是研究黑洞方面的专家。2Ordinarylooking as she is, Tu Youyou has rich medical experience and she is deeply respected by other doctors and nurses.尽管相貌平凡，但是屠呦呦凭借丰富的医疗经验，深得医生和护士的尊敬。
2、3The rice developed by Yuan Longping is expected to gain more output, enabling more people to have something to eat.袁隆平培育的水稻有望增加产量，从而解决更多人的温饱问题。4These activities “Approach Scientists” help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity about science discoveries.“走近科学家”活动有助于我们更好理解理科课程
3、，激发我们对科学探索的好奇心。自主排查 夯基固本核心单词(1)conclude (vt.& vi.) 结束；推断出conclusion (n.) 结论；结束(2)defeat (vt.) 打败；战胜；使受挫 (n.) 失败(3)attend (vt.) 照顾；护理；出席；参加(4)expose (vt.) 暴露；揭露；使曝光exposure (n.) 暴露；揭发(5)cure (n.) 治愈；痊愈 (vt.) 治愈；治疗(6)challenge (n.) 挑战 (vt.) 向挑战(7)suspect (vt.) 认为；怀疑 (n.) 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯(8)blame (vt.) 责备；谴责 (
4、n.) 过失；责备(9)pollute (vt.) 污染；弄脏pollution (n.) 污染(10)contribute (vt.& vi.) 捐献；贡献；捐助contribution (n.) 贡献阅读单词(1)scientific (adj.) 科学的(2)analyse (vt.) 分析(3)expert (adj.) 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的 (n.) 专家；行家(4)victim (n.) 受害者(5)absorb (vt.) 吸收；吸引；使专心(6)instruct (vt.) 命令；指示；教导(7)construct (vt.) 建设；修建(8)positive (adj.)
5、 积极的；肯定的；确实的(9)enthusiastic (adj.) 热情的；热心的(10)cautious (adj.) 小心的；谨慎的单句语法填空1That year, I _ (attend) a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world.答案：attended2Instead of _ (blame) the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go.答案：blaming
6、3In the end the idea almost leads them to the same _ (conclude)答案：conclusion4After he was _ (cure) of the cancer, he lived a normal life.答案：cured5Not knowing what was wrong with his car, Tom decided to send for an experienced man _ (handle) the problem.答案：to handle6Judging from your exam results, I
7、think you have cause for _ (caution) optimism about getting a place at Peking University.答案：cautious7To our surprise, many rivers and lakes nearby are seriously _ (pollute)答案：polluted8When I came in, he was _ (absorb) in reading a new novel.答案：absorbed9Were not saying that everyone needs _ (contribu
8、te) their lives to the poor.答案：to contribute10The young player was _ (defeat) by his partner in the game, but he didnt lose heart.答案：defeated联想积累1后缀sion构成的抽象名词conclusion 结论；结束admission 准许进入；承认confusion 混乱；困惑；混淆expression 词组；表达；表情oppression 压迫；压制permission 允许；许可profession 职业；专业impression 印象revision 修
9、改，修正；复习2表示“观点；态度”的高频形容词positive 积极的negative 消极的subjective 主观的objective 客观的doubtful 怀疑的critical 批评的1put_forward 提出2draw_a_conclusion 得出结论3expose . to . 使显露；暴露4be_absorbed_in 全神贯注于；专心致志于5be_to_blame 应受责备；应承担责任6link . to . 将和联系或连接起来7contribute to 导致；有助于；撰稿8apart from 除之外；此外9(be) strict with 对严格的10make
10、sense 讲得通；有意义选词填空put forward, draw a conclusion, apart from, make sense, contribute to, expose . to . 1.From what is said above, we can _ that computers are more a blessing than a disaster.答案：draw a conclusion2I think the plan _ by Mr Smith is very reasonable.答案：put forward3He did not want to _ his
11、fears and insecurity _ anyone.答案：expose; to4Positive emotions _ both our health and our success.答案：contribute to5Our team, _ regular training, will join in a variety of activities.答案：apart from6It doesnt _ to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.答案：make sense联想积累1“动词宾语to”
12、短语expose . to . 使显露；暴露link . to . 将和联系或连接起来add . to . 把加到里compare . to . 把比作；与相比devote . to . 把奉献于supply . to . 向供应2“be过去分词in”短语be absorbed in 专心于be lost in 沉浸于；专心致志于be caught up in 被卷入be buried in 被安葬在be occupied in 忙于3与forward搭配的短语put forward 提出look forward to 盼望bring forward 提出step forward 主动站出来(
13、帮忙或提供信息)；自告奋勇课文原句句式梳理仿写训练1.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆发霍乱时，都有大批惊恐的百姓病死。every time “每次”，可以引导时间状语从句。类似的还有：each time, the first time, the moment(一就)等。Concerning my study，_ to school I will ask the teachers or my classmates for help.至于我的学习，我一返校就去向老师们或同
14、学们请教。续表课文原句句式梳理仿写训练2.It seemed that the water was to blame.看来水是罪魁祸首。It seems that . “似乎；好像”_ doing more reading is good for you.在我看来多阅读对你有好处。答案：1.the moment I return2.It seems to me that直击重点 突破考点conclusionn. 结论；结束(P1)(1)单句语法填空He concluded _ their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.答案：f
15、rom(2)单句写作_， Id like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.最后，我想说我今天玩得非常开心。She _ by reminding us of our responsibility.她在演讲结束时提醒我们所担负的责任。答案：In conclusionconcluded the speech(1)come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 总而言之；最后(2)conclude conclude 表示“总而言之，总的说来”的其他表达还有：in short,
16、 in brief, in a word, all in all, to sum up, briefly (speaking), on the whole等。attendvt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加(P2)(1)单句语法填空If I had been invited beforehand, I _ (attend) the 100th anniversary celebration of your school.All the participants were required to sign in as they entered the hall _ (attend) the meeti
17、ng.答案：would have attendedto attend(2)单句写作I cant go to see the movie with you tonight, because I have several matters to _.今晚我不能和你一起去看电影了，我有好多事情要处理。答案：attend toattend school/class/church 上学/上课/去教堂attend a meeting/lecture/wedding/funeral/party 参加会议/听演讲/参加婚礼/参加葬礼/出席聚会attend to sb. 看护，照料某人attend to 处理(生
18、意或个人事务)；接待(顾客)attend侧重“参加”之意。attend to作“处理”讲时，与do/deal with近义；另attend to作“关怀；照料”讲时，与take care of, look after近义。exposevt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光(P2)单句写作Dont _ direct sunlight, or youll get sunburnt.不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下，否则你会被晒伤。If _ the outside surroundings, theyll be stronger and better prepared for their future.置身于外部
19、的环境，他们将变得更强大，并且为未来更好地做准备。I have been _ English for ten years, enabling me to communicate well with foreigners.我接触英语已经10年了，这使我能够与外宾顺利沟通。答案：expose your skin toexposed toexposed toexpose . to . 使显露；暴露be exposed to 暴露于；接触expose sb. to sth. 使某人接触到/体验某物exposed adj. 无保护的；无遮蔽的exposure n. 显露；暴露；揭露；曝光在expose
20、. to . 以及be exposed to . 结构中，to为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词。absorbvt. 吸收；吸引；使专心(P2)(1)单句语法填空However, when something did interest me, I could become _ (absorb)Plants absorb carbon dioxide _ the air and moisture from the soil.答案：absorbedfrom(2)单句写作_ in painting, John didnt notice evening approaching.全神贯注于画画，约翰没有
21、注意到夜幕降临了。答案：Absorbed(1)absorb . from . 从中吸收absorb . into . 把吸收进be absorbed into 被吞并/并入be absorbed in . 全神贯注于(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的blamevt. 责备；谴责n. 过失；责备(P2)单句写作Which driver _ for the accident?哪个司机是这次事故的肇事者？Alice was in low spirits because she _ the breakdown of the school comput
22、er network.因为被指责要为学校电脑网络的瘫痪负责，艾丽斯的情绪很低落。Many children are afraid of _ for failing the exam.许多孩子害怕因考试不及格而受责备。I am ready _ for the mistake.我准备为这个错误承担责任。答案：is to blamewas blamed forbeing blamedto take/bear/accept the blame(1)blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而责备某人blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人be to blame (f
23、or sth.) (对某事)应承担责任；应受责备(2)accept/bear/take the blame for . 对负责；为承担责任put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 把责任推到某人身上be to blame 为主动形式表示被动意义，因此不能再用被动语态。contributevt.& vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助(P4)(1)单句语法填空Who made a great _ (contribute) to the civil rights movement in the US?Alcohol contributes _ 100,000 deaths in th
24、e US each year.答案：contributionto(2)单句写作If you want to _ our magazine, please send me your article before the deadline.如果你想为我们杂志撰写稿件，请在最后期限前把文章发给我。答案：contribute to(1)contribute . to . 向捐献contribute to 有助于；导致；为作贡献；为捐款；为撰稿(2)contribution n. 捐款；捐献；贡献；投送的稿件make a contribution/contributions to 对作出贡献；为捐款表示
25、“引起，导致；有助于”的词语有：contribute to, result in, bring about, lead to, cause等。put forward 提出；推荐；将提前；将(钟表)向前拨(P1)写出下列句子中put forward的含义The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to help promote fully automatic driving._My watch was slow, so I put it forward three minutes._She was put forward as an advanced wo
26、rker._They have put forward the date of the meeting by three days._答案：提出把表拨快推荐将提前put away 把收拾好；把放回原处；储蓄put aside 放下(正在读的东西或正在干的活)；存(钱)备用；留出put down 放下；写下；记下；镇压put on 穿上；上演put off 推迟；延期put up 搭建；张贴；为提供住宿put through 接通电话；完成put out 扑灭put up with 容忍；忍受apart from 除之外；此外(P4)单句写作_ the salary, its not a bad
27、 job，enjoying ourselves with the kids all day.不考虑薪水的话，这工作还不错，可以整天开心地和孩子们在一起。_ the yard and making the bed for the old, we also read newspapers for them and had chats with them.除了打扫庭院和为老人们铺床外，我们还为他们读报纸并且跟他们聊天。They are so alike, and its difficult to _.他们长得太像了，很难把他们区分开。答案：Apart fromApart from cleaningt
28、ell them apart(1)apart from具有下列三层含义：相当于as well as/in addition to。指“除之外(还)；此外；加之”，强调“另外还有”；相当于aside from。指“除了外”；相当于except for。指“除了外(都)；要不是”，是在对某人或物整体上肯定的同时，特别指出其不足之处。(2)take . apart 将拆开tell sb./sth. apart 把某人/某物区分开make sense 有意义；讲得通(P7)单句语法填空Can you make sense _ what this writer is saying?There is no
29、 sense in _ (buy) expensive clothes for children, as they soon grow out of them.In no sense _ he realize he had made such a serious mistake.答案：ofbuyingdidmake sense of 理解；弄明白make no sense 没有道理；没有意义bring sb. to sb.s senses 某人清醒过来in a sense 从某种意义上来说in no sense 决不(位于句首时句子要用部分倒装结构)common sense 常识a sense
30、 of duty/humor/beauty/direction 责任感/幽默感/美感/方向感There is no sense in (doing) sth. (做)某事是没有意义的教材原句But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. (P2)但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。单句语法填空Have you read the novel _ (write) by Mo Yan?After the heavy rain, many ca
31、rs got _ (catch) in the mud.The children were all _ after they heard the _ news that their team had won the game. (inspire)答案：writtencaughtinspired; inspiring过去分词inspired和exposed在句中分别作表语和定语。作定语时置于所修饰词之后或之前表示动作完成或被动。作表语时置于系动词之后，说明主语的状态或特征。单个的过去分词作定语时，常位于它所修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词之后，但单个过去分词修饰somet
32、hing, everything等不定代词时，也要后置。教材原句He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. (P7)他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，行星都围绕着太阳转，而只有月球围绕着地球转。(1)单句语法填空With the boy _ (show) us the way, we got there easily.答案：showing(2)单句写作_， I smile
33、d in relief.问题解决之后，我欣慰地笑了。The boy felt very pleased _.有那么多孩子坐在他周围，男孩很高兴。_， he was standing there, looking up at the stars in the sky.开着窗，他站在那里，仰望着天上的星星。答案：With the problem solvedwith so many children sitting around himWith the window open“with宾语宾补”复合结构：with宾语此结构在句中常作状语，可位于句首或句尾，常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语等，亦可作后
34、置定语。课文回练 升华运用John Snow was a famous doctor in London, who was so expert that he _1_ (attend) Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he was famous for _2_ (defeat) “King Cholera”Cholera was a _3_ (dead) disease and neither its cause _4_ its cure was understood. John Snow wanted to face the cha
35、llenge and solve the problem. He suspected that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. So when another severe outbreak hit London, he began his enquiry. He found that many victims _5_ (link) to the outbreak were near the water pump, so he had the handle _6_ (remove). Soon a
36、fterwards the disease slowed down. He drew _7_ conclusion that the polluted water was _8_ (blame)The water _9_ (company) were instructed not to expose people _10_ polluted water anymore. Finally “King Cholera” was defeated.1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._答案：1.attended2.defeating3.deadly4.nor5.linked6.
37、removed7.the8.to blamepanies 10to基础达标 自主训练.单句语法填空1Only when he arrived _ the meeting begin.答案：did以only引起的短语或状语从句放在句首时，为了加强语气，句子要部分倒装。由时间状语从句when he arrived可知，应用一般过去时，故填did。2We will have a further discussion before we draw a final _ (conclude)答案：conclusiondraw a conclusion “得出结论”。句意：在得出最终结论前，我们将作进一步的
38、讨论。3_ (absorb) in writing a letter, he didnt even look up when I came in.答案：Absorbedbe absorbed in . “全神贯注于”，此处为分词作状语，故填Absorbed。4That you _ (expose) to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.答案：are exposedbe exposed to . “暴露于；接触”。5There is no sense in _ (worry) about the future.答案：w
39、orryingThere is no sense in (doing) sth. “(做)某事是没有意义的”。6While _ (attend) to the main task, we should unfold the work in other fields.答案：attendingattend to “处理；照料”。从句的主语和主句主语一致，且谓语部分含有be动词的相应形式时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，补充完整为：While we are attending to .，故填attending。7The bank manager was really _ (blame), thoug
40、h he tried to pass the buck.答案：to blamebe to blame “应受责备；应承担责任”，为主动形式表示被动意义。8Mr Reed made up his mind to contribute all he had to _ (set) up some schools for poor children.答案：settingcontribute . to . “为奉献”，其中to为介词，其后应用名词、代词或动名词形式，故填setting。9My parents tend to accept any idea _ (put) forward by exper
41、ts on TV.答案：putput forward “提出”，此处应用过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词idea。10The children are helpless _ (victim) of the fight.答案：victims由于主语是The children，是复数形式，所以victim也要用其复数形式。句意：这些孩子是战斗中无助的受害者。.单句写作1People _ (对感兴趣) the new theory explaining how the rainforest adjusts to the climate.答案：get interested in2Having done
42、 the experiment for two weeks, they finally _ (得出结论). 答案：drew a conclusion3After finishing my homework, I read the newly borrowed book and _ the stories.完成作业后，我读了新借的书，并且沉浸在故事中。答案：was deeply absorbed in4_他练习书法(calligraphy)已经三年了。(expose . to . )答案：He has been exposed to practicing calligraphy for thre
43、e years.5_好的家风有助于塑造人的品质，对构建和谐繁荣的社会有很大贡献。答案：Good family rules help build peoples character, which contributes a lot to a harmonious and prosperous society.语法填空(2019湖南省三湘名校教育联盟高三第一次大联考)During an interview, Professor Hawking warned that AI (人工智能) will soon reach a level _1_ it will be a “new form of li
44、fe that will perform _2_ (well) than humans”. Professor Hawking even went so far as to say that AI may replace humans altogether, _3_ he didnt state exactly a timeline for his forecast. He said：“I fear that AI may replace humans altogether. If people design computer viruses, someone will design AI t
45、hat improves and copies _4_ (it). This will be a new form of life that outperforms humans.”During _5_ interview, Professor Hawking also urged more people to take an interest in science, _6_ (say) that there would be “serious consequence” if this didnt happen. He said that a new space programme shoul
46、d _7_ (develop), adding human may have to turn to other suitable planets for habitation _8_ (eventual). He said：“I believe we have reached the point of no return. Our Earth is becoming too small for us, global population is increasing at a _9_ (surprise) rate and we are in danger of selfdestructing.
47、”This isnt the first time that Hawking _10_ (express) fears about the rise of AI. In October last year, he warned that artificial intelligence could develop a will of its own that is in conflict with that of humanity.1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述霍金接受采访时认为人工智能的发展和崛起对人类造成威胁因而表示出对人类
48、未来的担忧。霍金宣称机器人的进化速度可能比人类更快，一旦机器人达到能够自我进化的关键阶段，我们无法预测它们的目标是否还与人类相同。1where考查定语从句的引导词。句中“it will be a new form of life that will perform _2_ (well) than humans”是一个定语从句，修饰表示抽象地点的先行词a level，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。2better考查副词的比较级。根据“than humans”可知，这里应该使用副词的比较级，所以填better。3but考查连词。句意：但是，他没有准确地说明他所预测的时间线。表
49、示转折关系，所以填but。4itself考查代词。句意：如果有人设计了电脑病毒，有人就会设计能提高和复制它自己的人工智能。此处表示“它自己”，所以填itself。5the考查冠词。特指“这次采访”，用定冠词，所以填the。6saying考查非谓语动词。Professor Hawking和say之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，所以填saying。7be developed考查动词的语态。a new space programme与develop之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以填be developed。8eventually考查词性转换。修饰整个句子，应用副词，所以填eventually。9
50、surprising考查词性转换。句意：地球对于我们来说，太小了，全球人口以一种令人吃惊的速度增长，我们处于一种自我毁灭的危险中。ed形容词修饰人，ing形容词修饰物，这里修饰rate，所以填surprising。10has expressed考查动词的时态。This is the first (second . ) time that是一个固定句型，主句使用的是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时，所以填has expressed。.短文改错One day, an old man was returning home after shopping. Suddenly, a bag of wast
51、e fell in the sky, nearly hitting him on his head. He was greatly frightening by the unexpected incident. Dropped the things he had bought to the ground, he ran away rapidly. What dangerous it was!Obviously, the accident caused by a careless neighbour living highly in an apartment. It was that perso
52、n who was to blame for. Every one of us should behave politely and think more about other. Only when we each behaved properly can our society be changed into a pleasant one.答案：One day, an old man was returning home after shopping. Suddenly, a bag of waste fell the sky, nearly hitting him on head. He
53、 was greatly by the unexpected incident. the things he had bought to the ground, he ran away rapidly. dangerous it was!Obviously, the accident caused by a careless neighbour living in an apartment. It was that person who was to blame . Every one of us should behave politely and think more about . Only when we each properly can our society be changed into a pleasant one.难项分析：第二处：histhe考查冠词。“动词sb.介词the身体部位”为固定用法，此处表示“几乎击中了他的头部”。第四处：DroppedDropping考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语he与drop之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。第九处：otherothers考查代词。other为形容词“其他的”；others为代词，意为“其他人或物”。
