人教版 英语七年级下册 Units 11-12语法归纳.docx

1、人教版 英语 七年级下册 Units 11-12语法归纳一、学习目标1. 一般过去时的用法2. 一般过去时的句式3. 一般过去时的标志词4. 一般过去时中动词过去式的构成二、重点、难点一般过去时的句式【语法学习】1. 一般过去时的用法（1）一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。（2）一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。【例句】He was not at home yesterday. 昨天他没在家。I often practiced the guitar last year. 去年我经常练习吉他。【考题链接】1. What did you do yesterday eveni

2、ng?I _ my homework.A. do B. did C. does D. am doing答案：B思路分析：根据问句句意“昨天晚上你做了什么？”可知答语的动作发生在过去，即：昨天晚上，故应用一般过去时态。浏览各选项可知B项表示过去时态，是do的过去式。2. The boy often_ for his tests last year.A. study B. studied C. studies D. studyed 答案：B思路分析：句中虽然有often，但不能用一般现在时，因为句末有表示过去的时间状语last year；本句表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作；study的过去式为stu

3、died，故选B项。句意为“去年这男孩经常为测试而学习”。2. 一般过去时的句式一般过去时有两种谓语动词，一种是系动词be，另一种是实义动词。（1）主语+was/ were +其他。（2）主语+实义动词的过去式+其他。【考点1】含系动词be的否定句、疑问句：（1）否定句：主语+was/were +not +其他.（2）一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+其他？简略肯定回答：Yes,主语+was/were.简略否定回答：No,主语+wasnt/werent.（3）特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？【例句】They werent at home last Sunday. 上周日他们没在家。Were

4、they at home last Sunday? 他们上周日在家吗？Yes, they were. / No, they werent. 是的，他们在。/不，他们没在。【考点2】含有实义动词的否定句、疑问句：（1）否定句：主语+ didnt (did not) +动词原形+其他.（2）一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其他？简略肯定回答：Yes,主语+did.简略否定回答：No,主语+didnt.（3）特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？【例句】They didnt live in Shanghai last year. 去年他们没有住在上海。Did they live in Shangha

5、i last year? 去年他们住在上海吗？Yes, they did. / No, they didnt. 是的。/ 不，没有。When did they live in Shanghai? 他们什么时候住在上海？【考题链接】1. Paul and I _ tennis yesterday. He did better than I.A. play B. to play C. played D. are playing答案：C思路分析：根据题干中的yesterday可知时态用一般过去时，故选C项。句意为“昨天我和保罗打网球了。他打得比我好。”2. What did Mr. Smith do

6、 before he came to China? He _in a car factory.A. worked B. works C. is working D. will work答案：A思路分析：浏览题干可知问句是一般过去时，故答语也用一般过去时。故选A项。3. Hello! Im very glad to see you. When _ you_ here?A. did; arrive B. will; arrive C. have; arrived D. are; arriving答案：A思路分析：从Im very glad to see you. “很高兴在这里见到你。”可知问的是

7、“过去”什么时候“到达的”，故答案选A项，是一般过去时。4. How was your trip to Hangzhou, Jim? Great! We _ to Xixi National Wetland Park. A. go B. am going C. will go D. went 答案：D思路分析：根据问句中的was可知是问“过去的杭州之旅”，故答语用一般过去时。句意为“去杭州的旅行怎样，吉姆？太棒了！我们去了西溪国家湿地公园”。5. _ he at home just now?No, he _.A. Is; isnt B. Was; was C. Is; is D. Was; w

8、asnt答案：D思路分析：时间状语just now意为“刚才”，是一般过去时的标志词；故A，C项不符合语法；根据答语中的no可知是否定句，故选D项。句意为“刚才他在家吗？不，不在。”. 将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句并作肯定及否定回答1. Nancy was in the zoo yesterday morning.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定及否定回答：_2. I did my homework last night.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定及否定回答：_答案：1. Nancy wasnt in the zoo yesterday morning.Was Nancy in the zo

9、o yesterday morning?Yes, she was. / No, she wasnt.2. I didnt do my homework last night.Did you do your homework last night?Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 句型转换1. Sally was with her friend last night. (改为否定句)Sally _ _with her friend last night.2. Frank read an interesting book about history. (改为一般疑问句)_ Fr

10、ank _an interesting book about history?3. Thomas spent 10 yuan on this book. (改为否定句)Thomas _ _10 yuan on this book.4. Did he study English well? (改为陈述句)He _ English well.5. My family went to the beach last week. (对画线部分提问)_ _ _family _last week?答案：1. was not 2. Did; read 3. didnt spend 4. studied 5.

11、Where did your; go【考点3】一般过去时中动词过去式的构成：（1）规则变化变化规则例词读音一般直接在动词词尾加-ed。work worked清辅音后面读/t/； 元音、浊辅音后面读/d/；/t/, /d/后面读作/d/。以不发音的e结尾的动词，在词尾加-d。use used以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-ed。worry worried末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。stop stopped（2）不规则变化不规则动词无一定的变化规则，需要加强记忆不规则动词的过去式表。buy bought; find found; sing san

12、g【例句】I stopped to have a rest. 我停下来去休息。He drove to work yesterday. 昨天他开车上的班。【考题链接】1. He _ a book but I cleaned the room.A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read答案：A思路分析：but连接并列句，后句用的是动词的过去式，故前半部分也用动词的过去式；read的过去式形式为read。故选A项。2. We were in Beijing last week and _ great fun there.A. will have B. have C.

13、 has D. had答案：D思路分析：last week意为“上周”，时态应用一般过去时；have的过去式为had，故选D项。【考点4】一般过去时的标志词：(1) yesterday(morning, evening, afternoon), the day before yesterday等。(2) last year( month, term, week, night)等。(3) two days ago, a moment ago(just now), three years ago 等。(4) in +表示过去的时间点：in 2019等。【例句】Yesterday afternoon

14、 they played football. 昨天下午他们踢足球了。They moved to Jinan in 2019. 在2019年他们搬到济南去了。【考题链接】1. _ last year?I was 13.A. How old are you B. How old you are C. How old were you D. How old you were答案：C思路分析：根据答语“我13岁”可知问句询问“你去年多大”？特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词+一般疑问句构成，故排除B，D两项；根据last year可知时态用一般过去时，排除A项。2. She _ a letter to her f

15、riend yesterday.A. write B. wrote C. writed D. writes答案：B思路分析：根据yesterday可知时态用一般过去时；write的过去式为wrote，故选B项。用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空1. My father and I _(visit) Uncle Wang last Saturday.2. Where did you go?I _(go) to the mountains.3. We _(be) happy to see my friend yesterday.4. John often _(do) his homework in t

16、he evening last month.5. How was your weekend, Jack?It _(be) boring.6. Tina _(buy) a new dictionary 2 days ago.7. My mother _(wake) me up just now.8. It _(be) sunny and hot last week.9. The boys _(fly) kites last Sunday afternoon.10. My sister often _(read) books in the morning. But now she _(read).

17、答案：1. visited 2. went 3. were 4. did 5. was 6. bought 7. woke 8. was 9. flew 10. reads; is reading期末复习：知识点归纳一、预习新知1. 写出下列单词的含义visit_; enjoy_; spend_; another_; worry _;hear_; surprise_2. 下列短语的意思，你还记得吗？a little_; in the end_; would like_; be interested in_; wake up _3. 你能翻译下列句子吗？1) Hello, Rick speaking. _Hi, Rick. Its Steve. _2) How can I help you? _3) Put on your glasses and you can see the mutton._4) How interesting! _二、预习点拨思考问题一：关于“花费”，spend, cost, pay, take你能分得清吗？思考问题二：编一个和朋友打电话的对话。思考问题三：感叹句是什么句子？你能举例说明吗？