1、Section Discovering Useful Structures Grammar 动词不定式作宾语与动词ing形式作宾语新知导引诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性1I offered to paint the house in exchange for a weeks accommodation.2John is very reliable if he promises to do something,hell certainly do it.3One can always manage to do more things,no matter how tight ones schedu
2、le is.4All the staff in our company are considering going to the citycentre for the fashion show.5He got well-prepared for the interview,for he couldnt risk losing the good opportunity.共性呈现1所有画线部分都是句中的宾语。2to paint the house,to do something,to do more things是不定式作宾语。3going to the city,losing the good
3、opportunity是-ing形式作宾语。语法精释一、常接动词不定式作宾语的动词1agree,afford,offer,intend,plan,demand,promise,help,prepare,decide,refuse,choose,wish/hope/want/expect,fail,pretend,manage,determine,beg,arrange,threaten,claim,aim,hesitate,seem,happen等动词后常接动词不定式作宾语。I plan to finish the novel.我计划完成那部小说。(to finish the novel在句中
4、作宾语)He pretended to be sleeping when I came in.我进去的时候，他假装在睡觉。(to be sleeping在句中作宾语)即学即练1 语法填空(1)One study in America found that students grades improved a little after the school introduced uniforms.But some students didnt want _(wear)the uniform.(2)I didnt mean _(eat)anything but the ice cream look
5、ed so good that I couldnt help trying it.(3)If a neighbor is going to be out of town,offer _(collect)mail and newspapers.to wearto eatto collect2动词不定式作宾语，通常有三种形式：(1)一般式：动词不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(状态)同时发生，或是在它之后发生。当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的发出者时，用主动形式(to do)；当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的承受者时，用被动形式(to be done)。He a
6、ppears to be very happy.他看起来很高兴。I hope to see you again.我希望再见到你。He refused to be photographed.他拒绝让人拍照。(2)进行式：动词不定式的进行式(to be doing)表示动词不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，并强调动作的持续性或动作正在进行。It happened to be raining when I got there.我到达那里的时候，碰巧在下雨。(3)完成式：动词不定式的完成式(to have done)表示动词不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。He see
7、ms to have cut off the water supply.It seems that he has cut off the water supply.他好像已切断了供水。即学即练2 语法填空(1)She pretended _(listen)to the manager,but actually she was thinking about something else.(2)Look at the pride on Toms face.He seems _(praise)by the manager just now.to be listeningto have been pr
8、aised二、常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)appreciate,consider,delay,avoid,finish,imagine,miss,mean,resist,risk,suggest,mind,give up,insist on,allow,feel like,escape,admit等动词(短语)后通常接动词-ing形式作宾语。The child felt like going swimming.那个孩子想要去游泳。Our school doesnt allow smoking.我们学校不允许吸烟。特别提醒：动词-ing的复合结构作宾语，其形式有以下几种：1形容词性物
9、主代词动词-ing2人称代词宾格动词-ing3名词s动词-ing4名词动词-ingHe left the city without our knowing it.他离开这座城市，我们都不知道。Would you mind my/me using your cell phone?你介意我用你的手机吗？I knew nothing about the window being open.我一点儿也不知道窗户开着。即学即练3 语法填空(1)Wild camping is illegal in England.To avoid _(catch),the Winns had to get their t
10、ent up late and packed it away early in the morning.(2)Young people may risk _(go)deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.being caughtgoing三、接动词不定式/动词-ing形式意义差别大的动词(短语)forget to do sth.忘记要做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事remember to do sth.记得要做某事remember doing sth.记得做过某事regret to do sth.遗憾地做某
11、事regret doing sth.后悔做过某事mean to do sth.打算做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事cant help to do sth.不能帮忙做某事cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事try to do sth.努力做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事go on to do sth.继续做另外一件事go on doing sth.继续做同一件事即学即练4 单句语法填空I still remember _(take)to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.being taken四、接动词不定式/
12、动词-ing形式意义差别不大的动词1表示”爱憎喜恶”的情感类动词hate,love,like等动词后接动词不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语时，含义有些区别：接动词不定式作宾语时，一般表示一次性、具体的动作；接动词-ing形式作宾语时，一般表示习惯性、一般性的动作。I like reading,but I dont like to read today.我喜欢读书，但今天不想读。2begin,start,continue等少数几个动词后接动词不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语时意义差别不大。Tom began learning/to learn how to use a computer.汤姆开始学习
13、如何使用电脑。特别提醒：动词begin,continue,start等后接不定式和动词-ing形式一般情况下可以互换，但是在下面的情况下，这些动词后只能接to do。(1)当begin,continue,start等本身用于进行时的时候。The students are starting to work on the maths problems.学生们开始做数学题。(2)当begin,continue,start等与know,understand等表示心理状态的动词连用时。I began to understand what had happened.我开始明白发生了什么。五、动词不定式与动
14、词-ing形式作宾语的其他用法在need,require,want(表“需要”)等动词的后面可接动词-ing形式作宾语(用主动形式表示被动含义)，也可接动词不定式的被动式作宾语。My shirt needs washing.My shirt needs to be washed.我的衬衫该洗了。.用括号内词的适当形式填空1With WeChat becoming more and more popular in China,we seem _(lose)the art of communicating face to face now.2People enjoy _(work)with him
15、 because he has a good sense of humour.3I feel like _(stay)at home on weekends while my sister would like to go shopping.4After he finished _(do)maths homework,he went on _(write)a composition.5I cant stand _(work)with Jane in the same office.She just refuses _(stop)talking while she works.to be los
16、ingworking stayingdoing to writeworking to stop6I regret _(tell)you that you are not invited to the meeting.7I quickly lower myself,ducking(低下头)my head to avoid _(look)directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel challenged.8You have to stop _(eat)between meals if you want to lose weight.9Mary failed _(
17、win)the 100-metre race,which made her quite upset.10Im determined to solve this mystery even if it means _(travel)to New York by myself.to telllookingeatingto wintravelling11We are tired.Lets stop _(have)a rest.12Have you forgotten _(borrow)some books from me last month?Will you please remember _(br
18、ing)them tomorrow?13When he told his travel stories to his grandma,she regretted not _(see)more of the world.14I dont like _，but I like _ this afternoon,because it is too hot.(swim)15I require him _ the trees,because they require_ in this hot weather.(water)to have borrowing to bringseeingswimming t
19、o swimto waterwatering/to be watered.对比题组专练GROUP 1：1I still remember _(visit)a friend whod lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.2I remembered _(lock)the door before I left the office,but forgot to turn off the lights.GROUP 2：3He couldnt get
20、 across his idea in the speech,so we didnt know what he had meant _(say)4Taking this job means _(have)a lot of opportunities to travel abroad.visitingto lockto sayhaving GROUP 3：5After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress,Anne Benedict went on _(thank)all the people who had helped her in
21、her career.6The workers went on _(repair)the railway for as long as twelve hours to ensure the train was in service on time.to thankrepairing.课文语法填空I crossed the street to avoid 1._(see)him,but he saw me and came 2._(run)towards me.It was no use 3._(pretend)that I had not seen him,so I waved to him.
22、I never enjoy 4._(meet)Nigel Dykes.He never has anything to do.No matter how busy you are,he always insists on 5._(accompany)you.I had to think of a way of preventing him from 6._(follow)me around all the morning.“Hello,Nigel，”I said,“glad to meet you here！”“Hi,Elizabeth，”Nigel answered.“I was just
23、wondering how to spend the morning until I saw you.Youre not busy 7._(do)anything,are you？”seeingrunningpretending meetingaccompanyingfollowingdoing“No,not at all，”I answered.“Im going to.”“Would you mind my 8._(come)with you？”he asked,before I finished 9._(speak)“Not at all，”I lied,“but Im going to the dentist.”“Then Ill come with you，”he answered.“There are always plenty of books to read in the 10._(wait)room！”comingspeakingwaiting