1、湖北省2021届高三英语下学期学业水平合格性考试模拟卷08本试卷共 页46个小题，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。本试卷由阅读理解、语言知识运用、书面表达三个部分组成。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A篇 The Bureau of Labor Statistics recommends some high-paying jobs.Construction and Building InspectorConstruction and building
2、inspectors inspect construction sites and buildings to make sure that the structures meet all requirements. Many construction and building inspectors have a certificate from a local or community college, although others have a two-year associates degree instead.Salary: about $ 70,710 per yearWeb Dev
3、eloperWeb developers design and develop websites. They create the look of the site and handle the websites performance, speed, and capacity. Web developers might work for computer system design companies, or for marketing firms or departments, or be self-employed. While some web developers have an a
4、ssociates degree in web design, others have a certificate in web development instead.Salary: about $ 63,760 per yearArchitectural and Civil DrafterAn architectural and civil drafter creates drawings of the structural features of buildings or creates maps of civil engineering projects. Most drafters
5、have training in computer-aided design and drafting (CADD), engineering, mechanical drawing, and other design and engineering skills. This training can be from a certificate program, a two-year program, or even a four-year program.Salary: about $ 56,830 per yearSheet Metal WorkerA sheet metal worker
6、 constructs and/or installs products made of thin sheet metal. This work might involve measuring and marking dimensions on sheets, drilling holes in sheets, carrying large sheets, and so on. Sheet metal workers learn their work through a certificate program from a technical school.Salary: about $ 50
7、,400 per year1. Which job provides the highest income according to the text?A. Construction and Building Inspector. B. Web Developer.C. Architectural and Civil Drafter. D. Sheet Metal Worker.2. What is special about web developers?A. They inspect websites B. They are good at marketing.C. They can be
8、 self-employed. D. They need CADD training.3. What common requirement do the jobs have?A. Engineering skills. B. Computer knowledge.C. A certificate or a degree. D. Technical school experience.B篇True, people remember what you wear. After a social event, we all remember the woman in red, or the man w
9、ith the top hat. On the red carpet, Hollywood hopefuls take advantage of this reality by wearing outfits designed to be discussed and displayed on the front pages of newspapers. But in terms of making a good impression, being memorable is not just about novelty or fashion, but attraction, both physi
10、cal and emotional, often in opposite order of importance.In a 2020 study, Andre Ndobo found people tended to remember the extremes: both attractive and unattractive faces. He acknowledged that one suggested explanation was that both are characterized by distinctive features that promote facial recog
11、nition when compared with faces of average attractiveness. But while distinctiveness is memorable, beauty is skin deep. Accordingly, the way you are remembered by others is often not about what you wear and how you look but about the way you make people feel.Professional interaction can create posit
12、ive personal memories. Adrie A. Koehler, in a piece entitled “In the Eye of the Beholder” (2017), found that when asked to recall their best learning experience, many students discussed a memorable teacher. What made the teachers memorable? According to the students, memorable qualities included not
13、 only teaching styles, but also interpersonal skills and positive qualities such as a sense of humor.We can relate to the results of this study when recalling people who are memorable in our own lives. They are not always people who we believed to be the smartest or most believed, but often those wh
14、o made us feel the most comfortable, and who were most interested in us. Sincere interest is uniquely attractive. Not only will you remember what someone said, but they will also remember you, fondly.Regardless of what we wear or how we look, we are always naturally more appealing and approachable w
15、hen we focus on others and when we are genuine rather than simply sociable. Remember that, and others will remember you.4. The Hollywood hopefuls are mentioned to show _.A. the competition on the red carpet B. peoples attempt to be rememberedC. peoples wrong belief about impressionD. the importance
16、of clothing in ones success5. Why is an unattractive face remembered according to Andre Ndobo?A. It creates positive memories. B. Theres something special with it.C. It makes people feel uncomfortable.D. People often try hard to avoid seeing it.6. What can we infer from the text?A. Smart people are
17、especially attractive.B. Teaching styles impress students most.C. The best learning experience is hard to gain.D. Sincere attention is useful in communication.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. You Are What You WearB. Mind the Impression You MakeC. How Can We Improve Our Self-image?D. W
18、hat do People Remember about You?C篇The over 48,000 orange trees that are distributed at all corners of Seville, Spain, not only fill the citys air with the pleasant smell of their flowers in spring, they also produce over 16, 500 tons of fruit every winter. Though that makes the city Europes top ora
19、nge-producing city, the fruit is too sour to be consumed fresh. While some of the produce is used to make orange juice, most of it ends up in Sevilles landfills. However, that may change soon thanks to a creative idea to use the oranges to produce clean energy.In the pilot program, juice from 38. 6
20、tons of oranges will be left to ferment (发酵)in an existing biogas facility. The juice is fructose (果糖)made up of very short carbon chains, and the energetic performance of these carbon chains during the fermentation process is particularly high. The gas released from the fermented liquid will be use
21、d to drive a generator to produce clean power. The officials estimate the test run will generate about 1,500 kWh of energyenough to run a water purification plant. Its not just about saving money. The oranges are a problem for the city, and were producing added value from waste,M said Benigno Lopez,
22、 the head of Emasesas environmental department.If successful, by 2023, the city hopes to recycle all the oranges and add the electricity generated back to its grid (电网). In trial runs, 1,000 kilos (2,200 pounds) of oranges produced 50 kWh of clean energy一enough to meet the daily electricity needs of
23、 five homes. The project team estimates that if all the fruit is recycled, it will produce enough energy to power as many as 73,000 residences.The latest effort is among the many programs implemented in Spain to achieve the countrys goal of switching its electricity system to renewable sources by 20
24、50and if everything goes according to plan, fully decarbonizing its economy shortly after that.8. What problem does Seville face?A. It is short of energy. B. Most oranges are wasted.C. Fruit production is falling. D. Trees take up much space.9. Whats the final product of the fermentation process?A.
25、Fructose. B. Carbon chains. C. Clean power. D. Gas.10. What does the underlined word implemented in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Conducted. B. Assumed. C. Popularized. D. Completed.11. What is the authors main purpose in writing the text?A. To prove a theory. B. To raise a problem.C. To intro
26、duce a project.D. To comment on an idea.D篇In a new study, shark researchers working off the eastern coast of New Zealand have found that three species of deep-sea shark are bioluminescent （生物性发光的），producing a soft blue-green light with specialized cells in their skin.One of the species, the kitefin
27、shark, grows to a length of nearly six feet, making it the largest known bioluminescent animal. The other two species are somewhat smaller than the kitefin, and all are occasionally caught as unintended by-catch by fishers. None are considered in danger of extinction, but little is known about their
28、 lifestyles and biology.Bioluminescence had previously been documented in only around a dozen shark species, so this discovery significantly adds to our knowledge, says Jerome Mallefet, lead author of the new study.In the deep sea, where scientists estimate three-quarters of all creatures are biolum
29、inescent, having the ability to create light can be extremely advantageous. In the depths of the ocean, which receives minimal amounts of sunlight, bioluminescent animals can hide themselves from enemies by producing enough light to match their surroundings. All three species examined in this study
30、have large concentrations of photocytes （发光细 胞）on their undersides, which suggests that these sharks may hide from enemies in just this way.The discovery that these three species produce light is not surprising, says David Ebert, director of the Pacific Shark Research Center. Thats because researche
31、rs think many more species of sharks are likely capable of producing light-Mallefet estimates that perhaps 10 percent of the 540 known species of sharks are bioluminescent. But Ebert thinks even this is far from the truth. As the deep-sea shark research advances, that number will go even higher, he
32、says.Both Ebert and Mallefet hope that more attention will be paid to deep-sea sharks in the future, as the creatures and their habitat are understudied and under threat. A lot of people know that sharks can bite, says Mallefet, but few people know that they can produce light in the dark. ”12. What
33、do we know about the bioluminescent shark species?A. They were quite difficult to catchB. They preferred to live in the dark.C. They were considered to be endangered.D. They were little known about before the study.13. What does the fourth paragraph focus on?A. The function of bioluminescence.B. The
34、 significance of the discovery.C. The terrible surroundings in the sea.D. The usual activities of sea creatures.14. What does Ebert think of Mallefets guess at the number of bioluminescent sharks?A. Agreeable. B. Scientific. C. Inaccurate. D. Inspirational.15. What is Ebert and Mallefets common wish
35、?A. More people will study sharks.B. Deep-sea sharks will grow in number.C. Deep-sea sharks will receive more attention.D. More bioluminescent animals will be found.第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。While you may be avoiding your gym during the pandemic （疫情）due to health
36、concerns, that doesnt mean you cant break a sweat while staying home. _16_ Here are a few tips to help you master at-home workouts and stay healthy.Establish a routine_17_ However, its easy to get distracted when working out at home. Schedule a block of time for your daily workout, and find a space
37、in your home for exercise. Try to avoid distractions during your workout as best you can. _18_ Stick with your workout schedule several days per week to establish a consistent routine.Work on new skillsIf youre used to working out in a gym and using their wide variety of equipment, it can be annoyin
38、g to have limited resources at home. _19_ For example, if you typically lift weights in the gym, focus on balance exercises and flexibility at home.Take virtual classesIf you typically attend fitness classes or are looking for structured workouts to follow at home, keep in mind that many local gyms
39、and studios are offering virtual classes. This is a great opportunity to support local business owners. _20_A. This is especially true when you have no other choice.B. Following a workout video or app can help keep you focused.C. Ask your previous instructors to see if they offer virtual options.D.
40、Youd better forget about the equipment and atmosphere in the gym.E. Going to a gym or a fitness class naturally creates a structured routine.F. But its also a good chance to work on new skills and modes of exercise.G. If youre new to working out at home, its challenging to find the motivation.第二部分 语
41、言知识运用 (共两节，满分35分) 第一节 (共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My parents went bankrupt (破产) when I was seven years old. I went from a kid who got everything he asked for to one _21_ having nowhere to stay. This change was as_22_ for my parents as it was for me. Bu
42、t I wasnt used to hearing “no” so I _23_ asking.When asked what I wanted for my birthday, I said I wanted a video gaming system. I didnt know it was _24_ . All I knew was that my friends _25_ them and that I wanted one too.On my birthday, I _26_ started opening my present, believing I would get what
43、 I _27_ . But I didnt. My mom could tell my_28_ and she started crying. I gave her a _29_ that was bigger than ever. Her tears _30_ me that she was working so hard and that she couldnt _31_ to give me anything I didnt need.From then on I learned to _32_ the things I had. When I wanted a new iPod, I
44、had to work to buy it. I got a _33_ job and after working for a month every day after school,I saved up enough _54_ to buy it. The feeling of having _55_ something is one of the best feelings in the world.21. A. still B. hardly C. evenD. merely22. A. minor B. dramatic C. effective D. exciting23. A.
45、stopped B. admitted C. forgot D. kept24. A. expensive B. complicated C. unnecessary D. advanced25. A. liked B. owned C. won D. chose26. A. cheerfully B. curiously C. impatiently D. violently27. A. worked on B. agreed on C. longed for D. struggled for28. A. hesitation B. innocence C. determination D.
46、 disappointment29. A. surprise B. hug C. task D. gift30. A. reminded B. promised C. persuaded D. warned31. A. expect B. fight C. afford D. remember32. A. select B. abandon C. compare D. appreciate33. A. dead-end B. part-time C. demanding D. regular34. A. energy B. time C. wages D. fees35. A. earned
47、B. created C. beaten D. caught第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下列选项，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括弧内单词的正确形式，并讲答案转写到答题卡上。Impacts from climate change are happening now. These impacts extend well beyond the rise in temperature, _36_(affect) ecosystems and communities in the United States and around the world.Changes to w
48、ater resources can have a big impact _37_ peoples lives. In some regions, _38_(particular) in the western United States, drought is _39_ serious problem facing communities. Less snow cover in the mountains is important in the West and Alaska, _40_ will greatly reduce the chances of disasters caused
49、by too much snow. The _41_ (frequent) of heavy downpours in the Midwest and northeastern states _42_ (increase) in the past decades. In many regions, floods and water quality problems are likely to be worse because of climate change.Our food supply depends on climate_43_ weather conditions. Agricult
50、ural practices may be adaptable, but changes like increased temperatures, water stress, diseases, and weather extremes create challenges for the farmers who put food on our tables.Human health is also affected by climate change. The changing environment _44_ (expect) to cause more heat stress, an in
51、crease in waterborne diseases, poor air quality, and diseases spread by insects and rodents (啮齿动物). Extreme weather events can worsen many of these health _45_ (threat).第三部分：书面表达（共1小题，满分25分）假定你是李华，正在学习生涯规划(career planning)的相关知识。请给外教Louis写封 邮件向他了解情况，内容包括：1.你对生涯规划的认识；2.请他介绍他们国家的中学生的生涯规划情况；3.请他提供生涯规划方面
52、的建议。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Louis,How are you?.Yours,Li Hua湖北省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟卷（八）答案A答案1. A；2. C；3. C；【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了四份收入比较高的工作。【1题】 A 细节理解题。根据每一节中Salary部分的内容可知，第一份工作的收入“每年70710美元”，第二份工作“每年63760美元”，第三份工作“每年56830美元”，第四份工作“每年50400美元”，对比可知，第一份工作的年收入最高。故选A项。【2题】 C 细节理解题。根据 Web Deve
53、loper 的介绍中“Web developers might work for computer system design companies, or for marketing firms or departments, or be self-employed.(网络开发人员可能为计算机系统设计公司工作，或为营销公司或部门工作，或自主创业。)”可知，网络开发人员的特色是可以自主创业。故选C项。【3题】C 推理判断题。根据Construction and Building Inspector部分的“Many construction and building inspectors have
54、 a certificate from a local or community college, although others have a two-year associates degree instead.(许多建筑检查员都有当地或社区大学颁发的证书，但也有一些人持有两年制的大专学位。)”、 Web Developer部分的“While some web developers have an associates degree in web design, others have a certificate in web development instead.(虽然有些网页开发者拥
55、有网页设计的大专学位，但也有些人拥有网页开发的证书。)”、Architectural and Civil Drafter部分的“This training can be from a certificate program(这种培训可以来自一个证书项目)”及Sheet Metal Worker部分的 “Sheet metal workers learn their work through a certificate program from a technical school.(钣金工人通过技术学校的证书课程学习他们的工作。)”可知，每一份工作都提到了“degree”或“certifica
56、te”的要求，即它们的共同点是都要求证书或者学位。故选C项。B【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们对其他人哪方面的表现更容易留下深刻印象。【4题】B 推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“On the red carpet, Hollywood hopefuls take advantage of this reality by wearing outfits designed to be discussed and displayed on the front pages of newspapers.”（在红毯上，有前途的好莱坞明星们利用了这一现实，
57、他们穿的服装是为被讨论和出现在报纸头版而设计的。）可知，有希望的好莱坞明星们穿的服装是为了吸引注意力和话题，被人们记住，再根据第一段第四句“But in terms of making a good impression, being memorable is not just about novelty or fashion, but attraction, both physical and emotional, often in opposite order of importance.”（但就给人留下好印象而言，令人难忘不只是关于新奇或时尚，而是身体和情感上的吸引力，通常是重要性相反的
58、顺序。）可知，提到有前途的好莱坞明星是为了展示人们想要被记住的努力。故选B。5题】B细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“both are characterized by distinctive features that promote facial recognition when compared with faces of average attractiveness. ”（与具有平均吸引力的脸相比，两者都有显著的特征，有助于提高面部识别能力。）可知，一张没有吸引力的脸会被记住，因为它有一些特别之处。故选B。【6题】D推理判断题。根据倒第二段最后两句“Sincere interest is
59、uniquely attractive. Not only will you remember what someone said, but they will also remember you, fondly.”（真诚的兴趣具有独特的吸引力。不仅你会记住别人说的话，他们也会亲切地记住你。）可知，真诚的关注在沟通中是有用的。故选D。【7题】D标题判断题。根据第一段第四句“But in terms of making a good impression, being memorable is not just about novelty or fashion, but attraction,
60、both physical and emotional, often in opposite order of importance.”（但就给人留下好印象而言，令人难忘不只是关于新奇或时尚，而是身体和情感上的吸引力，通常是重要性相反的顺序。）可知，文章主要是讨论什么能给别人留下好印象，所以选项D（人们记住了你的什么?）是最好的标题。故选D。C【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C【解析】【详解】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西班牙城市塞维利亚利用产量过剩的橘子来发电，并期待利用这一手段推动低碳环保进程。【8题】B推理判断题。根据第一段中“most of it ends up in
61、Sevilles landfills（大多数的橘子都被扔进了垃圾填满厂）”和第二段中“The oranges are a problem for the city, and were producing added value from waste.（橘子对于这个城市来说是个问题，正在变废为宝）”可知，大多数的橘子都被扔进了垃圾填满厂，由此可知很多橘子都被浪费了，故选B。【9题】D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The gas released from the fermented liquid will be used to drive a generator to produce clean
62、power.(液体发酵产生的气体可以被用来驱动生发电机生产干净的能源)”可知，发酵的最终产物是气体，该气体可以用来驱动发电机。故选D。【10题】. A 词义猜测题。分析本句“The latest effort is among the many programs implemented in Spain to achieve the countrys goal of switching its electricity system to renewable sources by 2050”（最新的努力是西班牙implemented许多项目中的一个，目的是实现该国到2050年将电力系统转换为可再
63、生能源的目标）可知，为了实现2050年把电力转化为可再生能源的目标需要实施一个项目。划线词为programs的后置定语，由此推知划线词的意思是“实施的”，与conducted同义。故选A。【11题】. C 推理判断题。根据的主要内容，尤其第一段最后一句“However, that may change soon thanks to a creative idea to use the oranges to produce clean energy”（然而，由于一个富有创造性的想法用这些橘子来生产干净的能源这种情况很快就会改变）可知，本文主要介绍了西班牙城市塞维利亚利用产量过剩的橘子来发电，并期
64、待利用这一手段推动低碳环保进程。因此，作者写本文的目的是介绍一个变废为宝、生产清洁能源的项目，故选C。D【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员在新西兰的东海岸发现了新品种的可发光的鲨鱼，并希望这种深海鲨鱼将得到更多的关注。【12题】D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“None are considered in danger of extinction, but little is known about their lifestyles and biology.”（没有一只被认为有灭绝的危险，但人们对它们的生活方式和生物学知识知之甚少
65、。）可知，人们对这新品种的鲨鱼知之甚少。故选D项。13题】A主旨大意题。根据第四段前两句“In the deep sea, where scientists estimate three-quarters of all creatures are bioluminescent, having the ability to create light can be extremely advantageous. In the depths of the ocean, which receives minimal amounts of sunlight, bioluminescent animals
66、 can hide themselves from enemies by producing enough light to match their surroundings.”（在深海中，科学家估计有四分之三的生物会发光，能够发光是非常有利的。在接受少量阳光的海洋深处，会发光的生物可以通过发出足够的光来躲避敌人。）可知，这一段主要说了海洋动物发光对它们生存的作用。故选A项。【14题】C 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“But Ebert thinks even this is far from the truth. As the deep-sea shark research advance
67、s, that number will go even higher, he says.”（但Ebert认为，即便是这样也远远不是事实。“随着深海鲨鱼研究的进展，这个数字会更高，”他说。）可知，Ebert认为Mallefet关于生物荧光鲨鱼数量的猜测不太准确。故选C项。【15题】C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Both Ebert and Mallefet hope that more attention will be paid to deep-sea sharks in the future, as the creatures and their habitat are underst
68、udied and under threat.”（Ebert和Mallefet都希望未来能更多地关注深海鲨鱼，因为这种生物和它们的栖息地还没有得到充分的研究，而且受到威胁。）可知，Ebert和Mallefet都希望深海鲨鱼将得到更多的关注。故选C项。7选5阅读【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要针对如何在家锻炼保持健康提出了一些建议。【16题详解】G根据后文“Here are a few tips to help you master at-home workouts and stay healthy.”（这里有一些建议可以帮助你掌握
69、在家锻炼并保持健康。）可知，此处是讲如何在家锻炼并保持健康，所以选项G（如果你刚开始在家锻炼，很难找到动力。）切合文意。故选G。【17题详解】E根据小标题“Establish a routine”（建立一个惯例）可知，此处是讲建立一个惯例的方法，所以选项E（去健身房或健身班自然会形成一个有组织的日常活动。）切合文意。故选E。【18题详解】B根据前文“Try to avoid distractions during your workout as best you can.”（在你锻炼的时候尽量避免分心。）可知，此处是讲如何保持专注，所以选项B（观看健身视频或应用可以帮助你集中注意力。）切合文意
70、。故选B。【19题详解】F根据小标题“Work on new skills”（学习新技能）可知，此处是讲关于学习新技能，所以选项F（但这也是学习新技能和锻炼方式的好机会。）切合文意。故选F。【20题详解】C 根据小标题“Take virtual classes”（采取虚拟课堂）可知，此处是讲关于虚拟课堂，所以选项C（问问你以前的导师，看他们是否提供虚拟选项。）切合文意。故选C。完形填空【题号+20】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A【解析】本文是一篇记
71、叙文，主要讲述了作者的父母破产以后，作者的生活发生的变化。【21题详解】C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从一个想要什么就能得到什么的孩子变成了甚至连住的地方都没有的孩子。A. still还；B. hardly几乎没有；C. even甚至；D. merely仅仅。第一句“My parents went bankrupt when I was seven years old.”提到作者父母破产，因此，作者从想要什么就能得到什么，变成甚至（even）连住的地方都没有。故选C项。【22题详解】B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个变化对我和我父母来说都是巨大的。A. minor小的；B. dramatic突
72、然的，巨大的；C. effective有效的；D. exciting兴奋的。根据上文“My parents went bankrupt (破产) when I was seven years old.”可知，破产这个家庭变故，对作者和其父母都是很”巨大的，突然的（dramatic）”事。故选B项。【23题详解】D考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我不习惯听到“不”，所以我一直问。A. stopped停止；B. admitted承认；C. forgot忘了；D. kept一直，不停地。根据上文“This change was as2 for my parents as it was for me.”可
73、知，破产对坐在这和其父母来说都是突然的、巨大的，作者习惯了想要什么就能得到什么，不习惯被拒绝，因此会”不停，一直（kept）”要东西。故选D项。【24题详解】A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不知道它很贵。A. expensive贵的；B. complicated复杂的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. advanced先进的。根据上文“My parents went bankrupt (破产) when I was seven years old.”可知，作者父母破产的时候，仅仅七岁，因此，他还不懂有的东西很贵（expensive）。故选A项。【25题详解】B考查动词词义辨析。句意：我
74、所知道是，我的朋友都拥有它们，我也想要一个。A. liked喜欢；B. owned拥有；C. won赢了；D. chose选择。根据语境及该空前“All I knew was that my friends ”以及该空后” I wanted one too”可知，“别人拥有（owned），我也要有”，这符合孩子的心理特点。故选B项。【26题详解】A考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我的生日那天，我开始兴奋地打开我的礼物，相信我会得到我所渴望的。A. cheerfully兴奋地，高兴地；B. curiously好奇地；C. impatiently不耐烦地；D. violently暴力。根据“On my
75、birthday”可知，这天是作者的生日，拆礼物应该是”高兴地（cheerfully）”。故选A项。【27题详解】C考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我的生日那天，我开始兴奋地打开我的礼物，相信我会得到我所渴望的。A. worked on继续工作；B. agreed on 同意；C. longed for渴望；D. struggled for挣扎。根据上下文语境及该空前“On my birthday, I 6 started opening my present, believing.”可知，作者在生日的时候高兴地拆礼物，原本相信打开的是自己一直渴望（longed for）的礼物。故选C项。【28题详
76、解】D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈能看出我的失望，她开始哭了。A. hesitation犹豫；B. innocence无辜；C. determination决心；D. disappointment失望。根据上文“believing I would get what I 7 . But I didnt.”可知，作者没有得到渴望的礼物，妈妈能够看出他的失望（disappointment）。故选D项。【29题详解】B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给了她一个比以前更大的拥抱。A. surprise惊喜；B. hug拥抱；C. task任务；D. gift礼物。根据下文“From then on I
77、learned to 12 the things I had.”可知，作者从这件事以后，学会了欣赏拥有的东西。由此可知，他理解了妈妈赚钱的不容易，懂得了每一个东西都来之不易。因此，此处指作者给了妈妈一个拥抱（hug）。故选B项。【30题详解】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的眼泪提醒我她工作如此努力，无法给我买得起一些非必要的东西。A. reminded提醒；B. promised承诺；C. persuaded说服；D. warned警告。根据语境及该空后“she was working so hard and that she couldnt 11 to give me anything ”可知
78、，妈妈的眼泪提醒（reminded）了作者，妈妈的的努力工作，无法给作者买得起一些非必要的东西。故选A项。【31题详解】C考查动词词义辨析。她的眼泪提醒我她工作如此努力，无法给我买得起一些非必要的东西。A. expect希望；B. fight战斗；C. afford买得起，支付；D. remember记住。根据上文语境及“give me anything I didnt need”可知， 妈妈在经济上无法”支付，买得起（afford）”作者非生活必要的东西。故选C项。【32题详解】 D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我学会了欣赏我所拥有的东西。A. select选择；B. abandon放
79、弃；C. compare比较；D. appreciate欣赏。根据上文作者过生日想要礼物却没有得到，以及下文“When I wanted a new iPod, I had to work to buy it.”可知，这件事让作者明白了每个东西都是来之不易，需要好好工作赚钱才能买，学会了欣赏（appreciate）自己所拥有的东西。故选D项。【33题详解】B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我找到了一份兼职工作，每天放学后工作，干了一个月。A. dead-end终端的；B. part-time兼职的；C. demanding苛求的；D. regular定期的，规律的。根据该空后“after worki
80、ng for a month every day after school”可知，作者还在上学，因此,找的工作是兼职的（part-time）。故选B项。【34题详解】C考查名词词义辨析。句意：我存了足够的工资买它。A. energy能源；B. time时间；C. wages工资；D. fees费用。根据上文“ I got a 13 job and after working for a month every day after school”可知，作者通过兼职工作赚钱，那积攒的应该是工资（wages）。故选C项。【35题详解】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：挣得东西的感觉是世界上最好的感觉之一。A
81、. earned挣得，赚得；B. created创建；C. beaten殴打；D. caught抓住。根据上文“I saved up enough 14 to buy it.”可知， 作者通过自己工作攒钱买到了自己想要的东西，因此应为挣得（earned）。故选A项。语法填词【答案】36. affecting 37. on/upon 38. particularly 39. a 40. which 41. frequency 42. has increased 43. and 44. is expected 45. threats【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了气候变化对全球多个方面造成的影
82、响。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些影响远不止温度上升，还影响到美国和世界各地的生态系统和社区。分析句子结构可知affect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语these impacts构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填affecting。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：水资源的变化会对人们的生活产生很大的影响。结合句意表示“对有很大影响”可知短语为have a big impact on/upon。故填on/upon。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：在一些地区，特别是在美国西部，干旱是社区面临的一个严重问题。修饰后文介词短语in the western United States，
83、应用副词particularly，作状语。故填particularly。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：在一些地区，特别是在美国西部，干旱是社区面临的一个严重问题。problem为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且serious是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在西部和阿拉斯加，山区积雪较少是很重要的，这将大大减少因积雪过多而造成灾害的机会。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：在过去几十年里，中西部和东北部各州的暴雨频率有所增
84、加。空处作主语，表示“频率”应填名词frequency，表抽象概念不可数。故填frequency。【42题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去几十年里，中西部和东北部各州的暴雨频率有所增加。根据后文“in the past decades”可知用现在完成时，主语为The frequency of heavy downpours，助动词用has。故填has increased。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：我们的食物供应取决于气候和天气状况。此处climate 与weather conditions为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。【44题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：不断变化的环境预计会导致
85、更多的热应激、水传播疾病的增加、空气质量差以及由昆虫和啮齿动物传播的疾病。结合句意表示“预计”可知短语为be expected to do sth.，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为The changing environment，谓语动词用单数。故填is expected。【45题详解】考查名词的数。句意：极端天气事件会使这些健康威胁恶化。threat为可数名词，由these修饰应用复数形式。故填threats。第三部分 写作【范文背诵】 Dear Louis ,How are you! Nowadays, career planning has become more frequently
86、 mentioned than ever before. As far as Im concerned, our future career needs to be carefully planned, and theres relevant knowledge to be learned and skills to be practiced. Our school has started a career planning course and there are professional teachers who are guiding us to explore.Im curious what kind of project high schools provide and what students think of career planning in your country. Besides, Id be so grateful if you could offer me some advice on career planning. Looking forward to your reply.Yours, Li Hua