1、2014高考英语阅读理解基础训练极品题（15）及答案AI think it was my mother who taught me the meaning of honesty. Not because she actually was honest, but because she lied all the time. She felt that the easiest way out of any given situation was generally the best way out. And, for her, that generally meant telling a “lit
2、tle white lie.” As a young child I thought it was kind of cool. And, naturally, when I would come to her with a concern or question wondering what I should do, she generally advised me to lie.“Mom, I told Theresa that I would go over to her house, but now I would rather go to Sues house to play.”“Te
3、ll Theresa youre sick,” she would advise. And generally I did. But I didnt seem blessed with her lack of conscience. On many painful occasions Theresa would find out that I really went to Sues house without her. These occasions taught me that it is more painful to be caught in a lie than it is to te
4、ll the truth in the first place. I wondered how it was possible that my mother had never learned that lesson.I started thinking of all the lies that Id heard her tell. I remembered the time she told someone that her favorite restaurant had closed, because she didnt want to see them there anymore. Or
5、 the time she told Dad that she loved the lawn-mower he gave her for her birthday. Or when she claimed that our phone lines had been down when she was trying to explain why she hadnt been in touch with a friend of hers for weeks. And what bothered me even more were all the times she had involved me
6、into her lies. Like the time she told my guidance counselor that I had to miss school for exploratory surgery, when she really needed me to babysit. And it even started to bother me when someone would call for her and she would ask me to tell them that she wasnt there.So, I started my own personal f
7、ight against her dishonesty. When I answered the phone and it was someone my mother didnt want to talk to, I said, “Louise, mom is here, but she doesnt want to talk to you.” The first time I did it, she punished me, but I refused to apologize. I told her that I had decided that it was wrong to lie.
8、And the next time it happened I did the same thing. Finally, she approached me and said, “I agree that lying is not the best thing to do, but we need to find a way to be honest without being rude.” She admitted that her methods werent right, and I admitted that mine were a bit too extreme.Over the p
9、ast few years, the two of us have worked together to be honestand yet kind. Honesty should mean more than not lying. It should mean speaking the truth in kindness. Though I started by trying to teach my mom the importance of honesty, I ended up gaining a deeper understanding of the meaning of the te
10、rm.1. The authors mother _. A. thought white lies were not liesB. helped the author get out of trouble with white liesC. told the author to lie when in troubleD. taught the author the importance of being honest2. The author _. A. was thankful to her mothers adviceB. felt more awkward when being caug
11、ht lyingC. found that telling the truth hurt more than telling a lieD. felt guilty when hurting people with her honesty3. It can be inferred that the authors mother _. A. met her friends in the same restaurant regularlyB. didnt get along with the authors teachersC. was not popular among her friendsD
12、. wanted to have something else for her birthday4. Finally the author and her mother agreed that _. A. kind-heartedness is more important than honestyB. appropriate methods are the key to telling a good lieC. honesty is defined as kindness as well as truthfulnessD. absolute honesty is basic to good
13、interpersonal relationships【参考答案】14、CBDC 阅读理解-D(2013哈尔滨市质检，D)As the richest country in the world, youd expect that Qatar would also be the happiest. And youd also expect Japanese people to be extremely positive, seeing as though they have the highest life expectancy. But clearly wealth and good heal
14、th do not guarantee happiness after both countries failed to make the top ten most positive countries.The poll (民意测验) of nearly 150 000 people around the world found that seven of the worlds 10 countries with the most upbeat attitudes are in Latin America. Gallup asked about 1 000 people in each of
15、148 countries if they were wellrested, had been treated with respect, smiled or laughed a lot, learned or did something interesting and felt feelings of enjoyment the previous day.In Panama and Paraguay, 85 percent of those polled said yes to all five, putting those countries at the top of the list.
16、 They were followed closely by El Salvador, Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, Thailand, Guatemala, the Philippines, Ecuador and Costa Rica.The people least likely to report positive emotions lived in Singapore, the wealthy and orderly citystate that ranks among the most developed in the world. Other w
17、ealthy countries also sat surprisingly low on the list. Germany and France tied with the poor African state of Somaliland for 47th place.Many of the seven countries which were most positive do poorly in traditional measures of wellbeing, like Guatemala, a country torn by decades of civil war followe
18、d by waves of gangdriven criminality that give it one of the highest killing rates in the world. Guatemala sits just above Iraq on the United Nations Human Development Index, a composite of life expectancy, education and per capita income. But it ranks seventh in positive emotions. In Guatemala, its
19、 a culture of friendly people who are always smiling, said Luz Castillo, a 30yearold surfing instructor. Despite all the problems that were facing, were surrounded by natural beauty that lets us get away from it all.The poll shows that prosperous nations can also be deeply unhappy ones. And povertys
20、tricken ones are often positive, or at least a close approximation (大约) of it.文章大意：本文为一篇调查报道。通过对世界各国的民意测验发现，幸福指数与健康和财富无关。12_ may feel the most unhappy according to the poll.APeople from Qatar BPeople from ThailandCPeople from Japan DPeople from Singapore答案：D细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“The people least likely t
21、o report positive emotions lived in Singapore”可知，通过民意测验生活在新加坡的人民的幸福指数最低。故答案选D。13The underlined word “Gallup” in Paragraph 2 refers to _.Aa country Ba polling organizationCa person Da magazine答案：B推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句可知，这项民意测验调查了世界各地的15万人，发现幸福指数最高的10个国家中有7个国家位于拉丁美洲，这个民意调查组织调查了148个国家，每个国家测验了大约1千人。因此Gallup应
22、为进行这项民意测验调查的组织机构。故答案选B。14Which of the following is not included in the United Nations Human Development Index?ALife expectancy. BEducation. CNatural beauty. DPer capita income.答案：C细节理解题。根据倒数第三段倒数第二句“. on the United Nations Human Development Index, a composite of life expectancy, education and per ca
23、pita income.”可知，这项指数当中不包含C项内容。故答案选C。15Whats the best title of the text?AHappiness does not depend on wealthBHow to live happily?CHealth leads to happinessDWhat are the standards to be happy men?答案：A标题概括题。通读全文尤其是最后一段内容可知，本文主要对一项民意测验调查进行了报道说明。测验结果表明，幸福与健康和财富无关。因此，A项适宜作为标题使用。故答案选A。阅读理解-E(2013南昌市二模，D)Pa
24、rents say that honesty is the best policy, but they regularly lie to their children as a way of influencing their behavior and emotions, finds new research from the University of Toronto and the University of California.Surprisingly little has been published on the subject of parental lying, so Gail
25、 Heyman, professor of psychology at the University of California, Diem Luu, a former student of the University of California, and Kang Lee, professor at the University Toronto, set out to explore the underresearched phenomenon. They asked US participants in two related studies about parents lying to
26、 their childreneither for the purpose of promoting appropriate behavior or to make them happy.In one of the studies, many parents reported they told their young children that bad things would happen if they didnt go to bed or eat what they were supposed to. Other parents reported inventing magical c
27、reatures. One explained, “We told our daughter that if she wrapped up all her pacifiers (橡皮奶嘴) like gifts, the fair would come and give them to the children who needed them.”In the other study, the researchers surveyed college students recollections about their parents lying and obtained similar res
28、ults: parents often lie to their children even as they tell them that lying is unacceptable.The researchers refer to this practice as “parenting by lying”. “We are surprised by how often parenting by lying takes place，” said LEE. Though Heyman thinks that there are occasions when it is appropriate t
29、o be less than truthful with a child, she urges parents to think through the issues and consider alternatives before using lies.“Children sometimes behave in ways that are disruptive or are likely to harm their longterm interests，” said Heyman. “It is common for them to try out a range of strategies
30、, including lying, to stop them. However, parents should be concerned about the possible longterm negative consequences to childrens beliefs about honesty.”文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。父母常教育孩子要诚实，但他们自己有时却对孩子撒谎。研究人员就此现象进行了调研，并且提出家长应该考虑到对孩子经常说谎可能会造成的长期的负面影响的结论，并建议家长考虑一些其他的教育方法。16The subject of parental lying _.Awas
31、not allowed to be researched in the pastBattracts little attention because it is commonChasnt got many published results about itDis becoming more and more popular答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中“Surprisingly little has been published on the subject of parental lying”可知，对于父母撒谎的行为很少有报道。故C项正确。17The study of Gai He
32、yman, Diem Luu and Kang Lee was focused on parents lies that _.Aaim to cover their mistakesBlead children to hate themCaim to give children a positive influenceDmake children get used to lying答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中“They asked US participants in two related studies about. for the purpose of promoting a
33、ppropriate behavior or to make them happy.”可知，父母说谎的原因本是想给孩子带来积极的影响。故C项正确。18What does Heyman think of parental lying?AIt is a great parenting strategy.BParents should think twice before using it.CIt usually does more good than harm.DParents should do something to make up for it after using it.答案：B细节理
34、解题。根据倒数第二段“Though Heyman thinks that there are occasions when it is appropriate to be less than truthful with a child, she urges parents to think through the issues and consider alternatives before using lies.”可知，Heyman认为父母应该想清楚对孩子撒谎的问题，在撒谎之前要考虑再三。故B项正确。19Parents usually _ when their young children
35、dont go to bed properly.Aturn off the bedroom lights and play some musicBshout at them loudlyCshut the door and let them aloneDmake up some magical creatures to let them believe答案：D细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Other parents reported inventing magical creatures”可知，D项正确。20In which part of a newspaper would you most
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