1、【美文阅读】在作者眼里，零用钱是教会孩子们学会预算，节省开支和作出决定的重要工具，而不是简单地教孩子如何省钱。在你的眼里，零用钱是什么概念呢？An allowance(零用钱) is an important tool for teaching kids how to budget, save and make their own decisions.Children remember and learn from mistakes when their own dollars are lost or spent foolishly.How large an allowance is appr
2、opriate? Experts say there is not right amount.Actual amounts differ from area to area, and from family to family.To set an appropriate allowance for your child，work up a weekly budget.Allow for entertainment expenditures(花费)such as movies and snack.Next, include everyday expenses such as lunch mone
3、y, bus fare, school supplies.“If you make the child responsible for these bills，” says Josephine Swanson，a consumer specialist, “he or she will learn to budget for necessary expenditures.”Finally，add some extra money to make saving possible.If you can, keep your childs allowance in line with that of
4、 his friends.A child whose purchasing power falls away below his peers can feel left out.It can be tough，but avoid excusing your children when they make a mistake with their allowance.When Brooke Stephens was ten and growing up in Jacksonville，her mother gave her $5 a week, $1.75 of which was for bu
5、s fare and lunch.“If you lose money，” Brookes mother told her，“you walk home.”One week the girl spent all her allowance in a candy store, and then she called home for a ride.“Mom made me walk home，” recalls Stephens，now a financial planner in Brooklyn.“At first I was angry.But I finally realized tha
6、t she was trying to teach me an important lesson.”Experts advise an allowance should not be tied directly to a childs daily chores(琐事)Kids should help around the house not because they get paid for it but because they share responsibilities as members of family.You might，however，pay a child for doin
7、g extra jobs at home.That can develop his or her initiative(主动性)【诱思导学】1According to the passage，if your parents give you some allowance，how will you deal with it?_2Why does the author mention Brooke Stephens?_【答案】1.If so，I will work out a budget and deal with it carefully.2To explain that parents sh
8、ould not excuse their children when they make a mistake about their allowance.Period Previewing(教师用书独具)教学目标本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给内容的学习，了解下一课时即将出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，将对下一节课内容的全面理解起到铺垫作用。教学地位此部分内容是对下一课时的感悟和预习，合理利用本学案，能大大提升下一课时的课堂效率，有效提升学生学习英语的热情，促进课堂的积极活跃程度，并能在课上与老师形成较为默契的配合。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议让学生讨论零花钱对各自生活和学习的影响
9、，直接导入新课。在设计这堂课时，要从激发学生的兴趣出发，介绍有关的背景知识，给学生布置具有一定挑战性的任务，让学生以“我的压岁钱”为话题进行讨论或口笔头描述。教学流程设计老师布置作业，让学生阅读Who wants to be a Millionaire？并完成课文第8页第2、3题；预习学案Period (见学案第3页)。.篇章结构阅读P8的Reading部分，在表格中填入恰当的单词或短语The 1._ of Charles GrayLife in the pastA college 2._ with a huge sixbedroom house and a 3._ of D|S2 milli
10、on.The reason for not being a rich man 4._ of being a person with everything in a world 5._ many people had nothing.The way to deal with his moneyHe gave 6._ all his money to 7._，and small bank notes in the streets of local poor areas.Life nowHe lives in a small 8._ with only secondhand 9._.A small
11、garden is outside with a few fruit trees.He grows some vegetables and gets his daily goods from charity shops.His feelings nowHe is much 10._ now.【答案】1.story/life2.professor3.fortune4.Tired5where6.away7.charities8.dormitory9.furniture10.happier.语篇理解阅读P8的Reading部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案1Charles Gray is an
12、 example to show_.Athat people can be happy without moneyBthat a rich man can find happiness by giving his wealth away to charitiesCsome millionaires will continue to be concerned about money after they become millionaires2What was the sign for Charles to be a millionaire sixteen years ago?AHe was a
13、 college professor.BHe had a huge sixbedroom house and 2 million dollars.CHe worked hard to get money.3Which of the following is true according to the passage?ACharles doesnt have any new furniture in his dormitory room.BCharles is making a living by growing vegetables and flowers now.CCharles can o
14、nly afford cheap things now.4How did Charles Gray deal with his huge amounts of money?AHe gave it away to charities.BHe gave it away to local poor people.CHe gave it away to hungry people in the world.5How does Charles think about his present life?ATired and worried.BFunny but enjoyable.CFree and ha
15、ppy.【答案】15B B A A C.课文缩写从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语，完成下列短文enjoyable；be a millionaire；have nothing；dormitory room；being rich；happy；charities；tired of；determine；concern about A lot of people are 1._ to become a millionaire.They hope to do all the 2._ things once they got rich.Actually, some millionaires continue t
16、o be 3._ money, so they are hardworking to make sure they never lose it.However, there are some people who dont want to 4._.Charles Gray is one example.Charles Gray was a millionaire sixteen years ago, but he was 5._ being a person who had everything in a world where many people 6._.So he gave all h
17、is money away to 7._.Charles now lives in a small 8._ where there is only secondhand furniture.Though he has given away all his money, he lives a 9._ life than before.When asked whether there were any things he missed, he replied he wouldnt go back to 10._ for anything.【答案】1.determined2.enjoyable3.c
18、oncerned about4be a millionaire5.tired of6.had nothing7.charities8.dormitory room9.happier10.being rich.词义搭配1earnAto pay out money in order to get sth.2spend Bto succeed in doing sth.or causing sth.to happen3achieve Cto get money for doing work; get (sth.) because of ones qualities or actions4sign D
19、noticing that sth.is present, or that sth.is happening 5aware Efeeling pleasurable satisfaction over something6pleased Fa movement of the body intended to express a particular meaning or command【答案】16 CABFDE.短语填空out of work； be determined to； dream up； be concerned about； turn one back on； drop out；
20、 give away； go back 1We need to _a marketing plan for our product.2She_ of school to become a waitress.3Being _， he hasnt got much money.4The young men _ fight it out.5Dont _ to the public when we will start.6Many people _ the pollution of the environment.【答案】1.dream up2.dropped out3.out of work4.ar
21、e determined to5.give away6.are concerned about.句型背诵1But do all millionaires find the happiness that they thought they would get when they achieve their goals?但是当他们达到目标后，所有的百万富翁都找到了他们以为他们要得到的幸福了吗？2Charles Gray decided to drop out and has discovered that having only a little money makes_you_free.查尔斯格
22、雷决定退出(富人圈)，他发现拥有少量钱财可以使人自由。3Today he lives in a small dormitory room where_there_is only secondhand furniture.现在他住在一个只有二手家具的宿舍里。Period Warmup & A Material World(教师用书独具)教学目标1熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。2通过对学案中重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语。3通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次地理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练地运用这些词汇。4通过对语法不定代词的教学让学生能够理解和
23、运用这些知识。教学地位词汇是构成句子的最小单位，在英语学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和记忆英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。本课时的语法是不定代词的一般用法，是对初中已学语法的延伸和扩展，学生有一定的基础，学习起来应该比较轻松。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议可以尝试用学生日常生活的话题互动式引入本课：T: I think every one of you needs to spend some money in your daily life.Money is part of our life, do you think so?S：T: We know there is a lot of p
24、aper money in the world.Are you familiar with foreign paper money? Tell the class.Use some key words to help you.(Show some slides about paper money)S：T: Which do you prefer，hard cash or paper money?S: 教学流程设计导入新课。让学生就“要点讲练”(见学案第3页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，补充一些必要的练习。布置作业。
25、让学生完成课本第5455页第3、5、6题，“课时作业”和预习Period (见学案第10页)。自我评估(见学案第10页)。1earn vt.挣得；赚得；得到(名声，地位)；博得(名声，赞誉)His company makes a lot of money，so he earns a good salary.(教材P7)他的公司赚了许多钱，因此他赚得一份好薪水。She must earn a fortune.她准是挣了一大笔钱。Rescuing a drowning man earned him the respect of all.他因救溺水者而博得众人的尊敬。earn one/a livin
26、gmake ones/a living谋生earn money挣钱earn fame赢得名望earn confidence赢得依赖He had to take a parttime job to earn his living.为了谋生，他不得不从事兼职工作。earn/win/get/gainearn指经过艰苦努力得到报偿，或因成就、行为等得到(应得的事物)，意为“赚得”。win是指因在战斗、比赛、竞争中获胜而得到，或指因努力或坚持而得到。get是普通用词，指不一定需要努力就能“得到”。gain指作出很大努力而“获得”，所得东西常有一定价值。如：gain happiness/experienc
27、e/a prize/several victories等。此外，gain还可以用来指表走得快(反义词是lose)。We are sure/certain to win the game.我们一定会赢得比赛。The clock gains five minutes a day.这个钟表每天快五分钟。【对接高考】(2011辽宁高考)You are old enough to_your own living.AwinBgainCtake Dearn【解析】句意：你长大了，可以自谋生路了。earn ones living谋生，固定搭配。【答案】D用earn，win，get，gain的适当形式填空He_
28、 his bread by writing novels.Where did you_ that shirt?In order to_ the important match，he practised harder.He_ a favourable position last year.【答案】earnedgetwingained2out of work失业Ive been out of work for five years now.(教材P114)我现在已经失业五年了。He must square up to the reality of being out of work.他必须正视失业
29、这一现实。out of sight看不见out of reach够不到out of place不在适当的位置out of order坏了；秩序混乱out of date过时的out of breath上气不接下气out of touch失去联系Out of sight，out of mind.眼不见，心不烦。Weve been out of touch with Roger for years now.我们至今已有数年未与罗杰来往了。用上述短语完成句子His arty clothes look _ in the office.A lot of words go _ very quickly.W
30、ell telephone Helen, but shes _.She was _ from climbing the stairs.【答案】out of placeout of dateout of reachout of breath3be determined to do.(表示状态)决心做A lot of people are determined to become a millionaire.(教材P8)很多人一心想成为百万富翁。Im determined to succeed.我决心要获得成功。determine vt.决定，决心determine to do.(表示动作)决定做
31、determine on(doing)sth.决定(做)某事determine that.决定/决心determination n决心，决定determined adj.坚决的He determined to get there first.他决定先去那里。We determined on an early start.我们决定早点出发。He determined that he would go at once.他决定马上去。用determine的适当形式填空She_(确定)the title of his novel.His _(决心) to marry her is now much s
32、tronger than ever.He was _to win the game.She is a _woman.【答案】determineddeterminationdetermineddetermined4They spend half their time dreaming up ways of getting rich，and the rest of their time thinking about all the enjoyable things they would do once they got rich.(教材P8)他们花一半时间梦求致富的办法，另一半则在琢磨一旦阔绰起来
33、要做些什么。(1)spend花费We spent one hour cleaning the classroom.我们花费了一个小时打扫教室。spend/take/cost/pay单词主语宾语常用句型spend人时间/金钱Sb.spends some time(in)doing sth.Sb.spends some time/money on sth.take物/it时间It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.Sth.takes(sb.)some time to docost物金钱/时间Sth.costs sb.some money/timeSth.costs som
34、e moneypay人金钱Sb.pays sb.some money for sth.Sb.pays some money for sth.The book cost him 10 yuan.He spent 10 yuan on the book.He paid 10 yuan for the book.他花了十元买这本书。Reading the book cost him 2 hours.He spent 2 hours(in)reading the book.It took him 2 hours to read the book.他花了两个小时读这本书。用spend，take，cost
35、，pay填空They_two years building this bridge which was made of stone.It_ her two hours to walk to the station yesterday.I_two hours on this maths problem yesterday evening.How much does your pen_？I have to_20 pounds for this room each month.【答案】spenttookspentcostpay(2)dream up虚构出，凭空想出(尤指荒诞不经的事)They can
36、 always dream up some new excuses for the train arriving late.他们总是能够为火车晚点编造出一些新的借口。dream of/about梦到；梦想have/dream a(n).dream做梦dream away虚度(光阴)in your dreams你妄想，你做梦The child dreamt a sweet dream.那个孩子做了个美梦。完成句子不要虚度光阴。Do not_your life.离开家后，我常梦见我的父母。I often_ my parents after I left home.在业余时间，他经常编新故事。In
37、his spare time，he always_new stories.【答案】dream awaydreamed of/aboutdreams up5But do all millionaires find the happiness that they thought they would get when they achieve_their goals？(教材P8)但是当他们达到目标后，所有的百万富翁都找到了他们以为他们要得到的幸福了吗？(1)句中they thought是定语从句中的插入语。常见作插入语的句子有：do you think，I believe，do you know，
38、whats more，lets say，that is to say等。它们多位于句末，用以表示客气的语气，或征询别人的看法，也可以表示补充说明。表示疑问的插入语可位于句中或句末。He is an honest man，I believe.我认为他是个诚实的人。How soon will he be ready，do you expect?你预计他多久能准备好？插入语如：do you think/believe/suppose/imagine/expect/guess等出现在疑问句中，前后不用逗号隔开。由于插入语已是疑问句语序，所以其后的部分要用陈述句语序，疑问词放在句首。Where do y
39、ou think he comes from?你认为他是哪里人？Who do you suppose be sent to work there?你认为谁将被派到那里工作？完成句子他们是两星期前，也就是7月27日走的。They left two weeks ago，_，on July 27.你错了！而且你明明知道你错了！You are wrong，and _you know it!对你未来的家庭生活作何设想？What _ your future family will be?【答案】that is to saywhats moredo you imagine(2)achieve vt.完成，达
40、到；得到No one can achieve anything without effort in the world.世界上没有人能够不努力而有所成就。The university has achieved all its goals this year.这所大学今年已经实现了其所有的奋斗目标。achieve success/fame取得成功；成名achieve ones dream/aim/purpose/ambition实现梦想/达到目的/实现抱负achievement n成就，完成His laziness makes it impossible for him to achieve s
41、uccess.他的懒惰使他不可能成功。The achievement of ones aim comes only out of hard work.一个人的目标的实现只能来自艰苦的努力。完成句子他达到目的主要是靠运气而不是靠判断力。He _more by luck than judgment.他是通过一天工作16个小时的方式取得成功的。He _ by working 16 hours a day.【答案】achieved his aimachieved success6be concerned about对关心Some millionaires continue to be concerne
42、d about money when they become millionaires.(教材P8)有些人成为百万富翁后还继续为钱烦恼。We are all concerned about her safety.我们都很关心她的安危。concerned adj.关心的，担心的so/as far as.be concerned关于；至于；就而言be concerned in/with sth.和某事有牵连concern vt.与有关；涉及；影响，使(某人)担忧concern n担心，忧虑，关心have a concern in.和有利害关系That doesnt concern us.那与我们无
43、关。What concerns me is our lack of preparation for the changes.让我担心的是我们对这些变化缺乏准备。完成句子这些变化关系到家里有学龄儿童的每一个人。These changes_who has children of school age.她似乎很关心那个受伤的孩子。She seemed_the injured boy.就我来说，我比较喜欢粉红色。_，I prefer pink.【答案】concern everyoneto be concerned aboutAs far as I am concerned7turn ones back
44、 on/upon不理睬，不帮忙；脱离，背弃But there are people who have turned their backs on their millions and found different ways to be happy in their lives.(教材P8)但是也有人把自己的百万资产置于一边，寻求不同的人生幸福。She didnt answer，and turned her back on him.她没答应，对他不理不睬。He turned his back on his own family when they needed help.当家人需要帮忙时，他不
45、肯伸出援手。turn down关小，调低(声音)；拒绝turn in交出，上交turn off关掉，关闭turn on打开，开启turn to向求助；转向turn up调大；出现，露面【教师备课资源】turn against背叛turn out结果是，生产，制造turn over翻身，翻阅turn around翻身，翻转，扭转用适当的介词或副词填空Please ask Mary to turn _ the radio when we are sleeping.In times of crisis its good to have a friend to turn _.Turn _ the sw
46、itch when anything goes wrong with the machine.You must turn _ your pass when you leave the building.【答案】downtooffin8Today he lives in a small dormitory room where there is only secondhand furniture.(教材P8)现在他住在一个只有二手家具的宿舍里。where引导定语从句，修饰先行词room，where在定语从句中作状语，表地点。Ill never forget the place where I o
47、nce worked.我将永远不会忘记我一度工作过的地方。This is the room where he lived for 20 years.这就是他住过20年的房间。where引导定语从句时的用法：作定语从句中的地点状语，相当于“介词in/on等which”先行词为地点名词house，place，situation，position，case，point，surroundings，environment等This is the house where/in which I lived two years ago.这就是我两年前住的那个房子。We have reached a point
48、 where a change is needed.我们到了必须改一改的地步。【提示】高考试题中对于where的考查趋于复杂，先行词由“具体的地点”转为“抽象的地点”。如situation，case，occasion，point等。用适当的关系词填空The place_Lu Xun once worked has become a museum.【答案】where/in which9sign nC标志，招牌，符号，迹象，手势，姿势；vt.签名，署名There are certainly no signs that Charles was a rich man！(教材P8)没有任何迹象表明查尔斯
49、曾是个富人。Very often clouds are a sign of rain.乌云常常是下雨的预兆。The papers are ready to be signed.这些文件正等着签字。sign/signal/mark/symbolsign普通用词，指人们公认事物的记号，也可指某种情况的征兆。可译为“记号或迹象”；也可作动词，意为“签名，做手势”。symbol指象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物。可译为“象征”。signal指为某一目的而有意发出的信号。可译为“信号”。mark普通用词，含义广泛。既可指方便于辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征。可译为“记号”
50、。The Cross is the symbol of Christianity.十字架是基督教的象征。A red light is usually a signal of danger.红灯通常是危险的信号。用sign，symbol，signal，mark填空In the picture the tree is the_ of life and the snake is the symbol of evil.The sportsmen are all ready，waiting for the_ to start running.Dont you see the_：“Keep off the
51、 grass”The wet glass left a_ on the surface of the table.【答案】symbolsignalsignmark10pleased adj.高兴的；满意的He was pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man.(教材P8)他对放弃富人的生活方式感到高兴。Im pleased to hear that youre feeling better.我很高兴听到你感觉好些了。be pleased to do.高兴去做be pleased pleasure n. 高兴；高兴的事pleasant adj.
52、令人愉快的Im very pleased to meet you.很高兴见到你。Im very pleased with what he has done.我对他所做的感到满意。pleased/pleasing/pleasantpleasantadj. 描述人或事物的性质，意为“令人愉快的，令人高兴的”。pleasingadj.令人高兴的，常用作表语，其主语通常为物。pleasedadj.描述人的感情，意为“对感到满意(或高兴)”。We are pleased with the pleasant weather, and walking in the countryside gives us
53、a lot of pleasure.我们对这个令人愉快的天气感到满意，而且在乡下散步带给我们很多的乐趣。用pleased，pleasant，pleasure填空We are very_(满意的)with her decision.He didnt show any_(愉快)when I offered to go with him.I hope you will have a_(愉快的)holiday.【答案】pleasedpleasurepleasant11aware adj.知道的；明白的；意识到的I was a millionaire, but was aware there were
54、a lot of hungry people in the world.(教材P8)我是百万富翁，但意识到世界上还有许许多多忍饥挨饿的人。They suddenly became aware of people looking at them.他们突然意识到有人在看着他们。I was aware that she was trembling.我察觉到她在发抖。be aware of .觉察到；意识到be aware that/wh.意识到make sb.aware that.使某人意识到make sb.aware of .使某人意识到What the teacher said made him
55、 aware that he made a big mistake.老师的话让他意识到他犯了一个大错。aware/consciousaware用来指本人以外的事物，侧重意识到外界事物，常用作表语。conscious用来指本人自身的事情，侧重意识到自身的感觉或情况等，可用作表语或定语。I do not become aware of the danger until he warns me.直到他给我警告我才觉察到危险。He was badly hurt，but he still remained conscious.他伤得很重，但仍未失去知觉。用aware，conscious填空He was_
56、 of being watched.They are not even_ that this is not a good habit.【答案】consciousaware12Charles Gray decided to drop out and has discovered that having only a little money makes you free.(教材P8)查尔斯格雷决定退出(富人圈)，他发现拥有少量钱可以让人自由。(1)drop out退出，不再参加，掉队，放弃，离去He has dropped out of active politics.他已不再积极参政了。He
57、dropped out of high school at the age of 16.他16岁时就从中学退学了。drop back/behind落后drop behind sb.落后于某人drop by/in顺便来访drop indrop into顺便进入drop off小睡；打盹儿We cannot afford to drop behind our competitors.我们可担当不起落后于竞争对手的后果。I thought Id drop in on you while I was passing.我曾想路过时顺便来看看你。用drop的适当短语填空I just_ to see how
58、 you were getting on.Bill_ of college after his first year.Jane_ the office this morning to tell me her news.I must have_ to sleep.【答案】dropped indropped outdropped into/dropped in atdropped off(2)make宾宾补使处于某种状态Helping others makes you happy.帮助他人可以使人幸福。make 作使役动词时，常用结构：make宾语What makes you think so？什
59、么使你这样想？I had to speak loudly to make myself heard.为了让人听见我不得不大声讲话。【提示】make用作使役动词，其后接不定式作宾语补足语，不定式省略to；变被动语态时，要还原不定式符号to。完成句子为了使家人健康，她制定了一套平衡的饮食方案。She made a balanced diet to make_.小男孩被迫去做家务。The boy was made_.大雨使得我们无法出去。The heavy rain made it _.【答案】the family healthyto do houseworkimpossible for us to
60、 go out观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会不定代词的用法。Do all millionaires find the happiness when they achieve their goals?Some millionaires continue to be concerned about money.He gets his clothes and a lot of other things from charity shops.Charles believes that many people want to earn a lot of money so that they
61、will not have any worries.自我总结以上四句中均含有不定代词，句含_；句含_；句含_和_；句含_，_和_，其中some, a lot of既可以修饰_，也可以修饰_；many只修饰_。【答案】all；some；a lot of；other；many；a lot of；any；复数可数名词；不可数名词；可数名词不定代词一、概念不具体指明代替任何特殊名词的代词叫不定代词。不定代词一般代替名词或当形容词使用，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。二、不定代词一览表可数/不可数不定代词代替可数名词one, each，many，both，another，either, neither
62、，(a)few代替不可数名词much，(a)little代替可数/不可数none，any，other，all，some复合不定代词anyone，anybody，anything，someone，somebody，something，everyone，everybody，everything，nobody，nothing三、几组常用不定代词的区别1many，much，few，a few，little，a little意义区别许多有点/些(表示肯定)几乎没有(表示否定)可数manya fewfew不可数mucha littlelittleA lot of people got hurt in th
63、e accident，including many students.这次事故中有许多人受伤，其中包括许多学生。There isnt much rain in Xuzhou in winter.徐州的冬天没有很多雨水。Few of my friends were there.我的朋友中几乎没有在那里的。There is a little time left.Take it easy.还有点时间，别慌。2another，other，the other，others，the others不定代词词义用法another另一个，又一个用于三者或三者以上中的另一个，后接可数名词单数other其他的，另外
64、的后接复数名词或不可数名词the other两者中的另一个常与one连用，构成one.the other.others泛指别的人或物是other的复数形式，不能作定语，常构成some.others.the others特指其余的人或物是the other的复数形式，常构成some.the others.The boy had one bowl of rice，but still felt hungry，so he asked for another.男孩吃了一碗饭，但仍感到饿，于是又要了一碗。The manager bought two laptops.One is for himself；t
65、he other is for his wife.经理买了两部手提电脑，一部给自己，一部给妻子。Some apples are rotten and others arent.有些苹果烂了，其他的还好。3all，none，both，neither，either，each，every不定代词词义用法all全部(三者或三者以上)指代或修饰可数名词或不可数名词均可；可以带of短语none一个/点都没有(三者或三者以上)指人指物均可；可接of短语；否定词both两个都指代或修饰可数名词或不可数名词均可；可以带of短语neither两者都不指人指物均可；可接of短语；否定词either任意一个(两者之间
66、)指人指物均可；可接of短语each每一个(两者或两者以上)指代或修饰可数名词；可以接of短语every每一个(三者或三者以上)修饰可数名词；不可单独使用，不可接of短语All of the boys are clever，but none of them can work out this problem.所有男孩都很聪明，但没人能解出这道题。Both her children go to the same school.她的两个孩子在同一所学校读书。Neither book is satisfactory.两本书都不令人满意。Neither of us spoke during the j
67、ourney.在旅途中我们两个人都没有开口。There are trees on each side of the street.街道两旁都有树。【提示】(1)both的全部否定应用neither。not与both连用只表示部分否定。Not both of the books are interesting./Both of the books are not interesting.这两本书并不是都有趣。(2)all的全部否定应用none。not与all连用只表示部分否定。Not all the people agree with me./All the people dont agree
68、with me.并非所有的人都同意我的观点。(3)none可对how many和how much的提问做出简略回答。How many students are there in the classroom?教室里有多少学生。None.一个也没有。How much money do you take with you?你带了多少钱？None.一点也没带。4some，any，no不定代词词义用法some1.一些修饰或代替可数或不可数名词；一般多用于肯定句2.某一个修饰或代替可数名词单数3.大约置于数词前any1.一些修饰或代替可数或不可数名词；一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中2.任何一个修饰或代替
69、可数名词单数，可用于肯定句no1.相当于not a(an)修饰可数名词单数2.相当于not any修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词Wont you try some of the bread？你不尝尝面包吗？Is there any money in the drawer？抽屉里有钱吗？He had a look at the glass.There was no(not any)water in it.他向杯中看了看，没有水了。.单项填空1(2013新课标全国卷)Its an eitheror situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can g
70、o on holiday but we cant do _.AothersBeitherCanother Dboth【解析】句意：这是一个二选一的情况我们要么今年买一辆新车要么去度假，但是我们不能二者兼得。分析题意可知，这是在两者之间进行选择，所以排除A、C两项，either用在否定句中表示全部否定，而both用在否定句中表示部分否定，所以选D。【答案】D2(2013天津高考)At our factory there are a few machines similar to _ described in this magazine.Athem BtheseCthose Dones【解析】句意
71、：在我们工厂，有一些机器和在这本杂志上描述的那些机器相似。those特指前面出现的复数可数名词machines。ones泛指前面提到的复数名词，若选ones，则应在ones前加the。【答案】C3(2012浙江高考)Studying Wendys menu，I found that many of the items are similar to_of McDonalds.Athose BonesCany Dall【解析】句意：研究了Wendy的餐单，我发现其中许多东西和麦当劳的相似。空格处需要的名词为the items，此处用those替代。若用ones，前面需加定冠词the ；any和al
72、l不能用来作此类比较结构中的替代词，故答案为A。【答案】A4(2012江西高考)My brother would like to buy a good watch but_was available from that shop.Anothing BnoneCno one Dneither【解析】句意：我弟弟想买块好表，但是那家商店没有。none表示“在一定范围内(三者或三者以上)一个也没有”，既可指人也可指物，即.but none(of good watches)was available from that shop。nothing指物，表示“一个也没有”时，无范围限制，不与of连用；no
73、 one表示“没有一个人”；neither表示“两者都不”。A、C、D三项均不符合本题要求，故排除。【答案】B5(2012重庆高考)John，when shall we meet again，Thursday or Friday?_.Ill be off to London then.AEither BNeitherCBoth DNone【解析】句意：“约翰，我们什么时候再见一次面，周四还是周五？”“都不行，我那个时候要去伦敦。”根据答语中的Ill be off to London then。可知需选表否定意义的代词，排除A、C项，根据问句中的Thursday or Friday可排除D项(三
74、个或三个以上都不)，故选B项(两者都不)。【答案】B6(2012上海高考)When he took his gloves off，I noticed that_one had his name written inside.Aeach BeveryCother Danother【解析】句意：当他摘下手套时，我注意到每只手套的里面都写着他的名字。由语境中提到手套可知空格处表示两者中的一个，故排除表示三者或三者以上中的各个的B项；another泛指另一个，不符合语境；other表示两者中的另一个时通常在前面加the或其他限定词，故C项也不符合语境。each可用于两者或两者以上中的各个，可单独使用，
75、也可作限定词，强调的是个体的概念，故为答案。【答案】A7(2011湖南高考)I knew that_would ever discourage him；he would never give up wanting to be a director.Asomething BanythingCeverything Dnothing【解析】句意：我知道没有什么能够阻碍他，他将永远不会放弃成为一名导演的想法。根据句意可知something(某事)，anything(任何事)，everything(每件事)，均不合题意，故排除。【答案】D8(2011辽宁高考)Would you like tea or
76、coffee?_，thank you.Ive just had some water.AEither BBothCAny DNeither【解析】句意：“你想喝茶还是咖啡？”“都不要了，谢谢。我刚刚喝了一些水。”A：两者中的任何一个，B：两者都；C：三者或三者以上中的任何一个；D：两者都不。【答案】D.选词填空A用another，the other，others或the others填空1There are two lions in the zoo.One is old and _ is young.2We have many problems to discuss.One is how ma
77、ny guests we should invite, _ is whose house we should use and the third is.3There are three types of tigers living in China.Some _ live in America.4They saw ten suits in the window of the shop.Three of them were cheap._ were expensive.B用either，neither，no或none填空5Are you going to wear this tie or tha
78、t one?_ will do.6_ City Lights nor Modern Times was a coloured film.7How many films acted by Charlie Chaplin have you seen?_.8There is _China Daily in their reading room.【答案】1.the other2.another3.others4.The others5.Either6.Neither7.None8.noPeriod The Right Price & Your Money(教师用书独具)教学目标1熟记学案中所列出的单词
79、和短语。2通过学案中所给出的重点词汇和句式的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些词汇和句式。3通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解和运用动词不定式。4听懂课文中所给出的听力材料。教学地位动词不定式的语法内容是学生感到相对容易掌握的，语法规则清晰，易混易错的地方不是很多。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是学生学好英语的关键，不应该简单地让学生死记硬背语法条文。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议Answer these questions to prepare yourself.1What would you like to buy if you get enough pocket money? (a CD pla
80、yer; a car radio; a laptop; a leather jacket; a mobile phone; a headphone) Why?2Have you ever given away your pocket money to charity? If you have done so, how were you feeling at that moment?教学流程设计导入新课。让学生就“要点讲练”(见学案第10页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。自我评估(见学案第17页)。布置作业。让学生完成课本第56页第3题，第59页第4
81、、6题， “课时作业”和预习Period (见学案第17页)。1bargain vi.讨价还价Most people in Britain dont bargain for things, you know, argue about the price of something.(教材P114)大多数英国人不会就物品讨价还价，也就是对物品的价格进行争论。I bargain with him for some rare stamps.我与他讲价，想买些稀有邮票。bargain with sb.about/over/for sth.就和某人讨价还价bargain away做亏本交易；贱卖；轻易放弃
82、bargain for/on sth.(常用于否定句)预料到；料想到bargain n协议，交易；减价品，便宜货make a bargain约定In the market several women were bargaining with the dealer over the price of the coffee.几个妇女在市场上正与商人就咖啡的价钱讨价还价。That secondhand table was a real bargain.那张二手的桌子非常便宜。He and his partner had made a bargain to tell each other everyt
83、hing.他和他的合伙人约定，要互通信息，毫无保留。【提示】“Ive got a bargain.”意思是“我买到了便宜货。”“Its a bargain.”意思是“这可是便宜货。”在这两种说法中，无需用good修饰bargain。a bad bargain意思是“吃亏的交易，对方占便宜的协议”；a good bargain“自己占便宜的交易”。用合适的介词或副词填空The leaders bargained _ the freedom of their people.He made a satisfactory bargain _ them.Tom didnt bargain _ his w
84、ife returning so soon.Dealers bargain with growers _ the price of tea.【答案】awaywithonover/about/for2product n产品；出品She only says bad things about the product.(教材P10)她仅仅说这个产品不好的方面。We have done a market survey on this product.我们已经对这种产品做了市场调查。The countrys main products are gold and cocoa.这个国家的主要产品是黄金和可可。
85、product/production/produceproduct指“工业产品”。production指“产量；制造，生产”时为不可数名词；指“推出的作品(尤指戏剧、影片)”时为可数名词。produce是不可数名词，尤指“农产品”。Production has stopped still since the war began.从战争爆发以来，生产就停止不前。Our chefs use only the freshest produce available.我们的厨师只用现有最新鲜的农产品。用product，production，produce的适当形式填空On the show，there
86、were several national_.They organised a campaign to increase sales of the firms_.Yesterday my sister came to my house and brought some native_.【答案】productionsproductsproduce3something that is of very good value(P10)非常有价值的东西句中is of very good value是“be ofn.”形式。be ofn.beadj.，表示主语的类属或属性。这一结构中的抽象名词前可以用gr
87、eat，no，little，some，any，not much等词修饰，以表示不同的程度。“be of表示年龄、颜色、重量、身高等的名词”，表示主语的特性，of可有可无。What he said at the meeting was of great value(was very valuable)他在会上的讲话非常有价值。The two pairs of shoes he bought yesterday are (of) the same colour.他昨天买的两双鞋颜色一样。When I was (of) your age，I had already started to work f
88、or a living.我在你这个年龄时，早已经开始谋生了。【教师备课资源】常见的抽象名词及其对应的形容词有：n.importance重要value价值use用途interest兴趣help帮助adj.important重要的valuable有价值的useful/ useless有用的/无用的interesting有趣的helpful/ helpless有帮助的/无助的同义句转换They are(of)the same height._This question is of importance._The medicine is of no use to him._【答案】They are a
89、s tall as each other.This question is important.The medicine is useless to him.4ashamed adj.羞耻的；惭愧的She is not ashamed to say she has not got much money.(教材P10)她并不羞于说她钱不多。feel ashamed for sb.替某人感到羞愧的He felt ashamed of having done so little.他为自己干得太少而感到羞愧。I was ashamed to tell him that I had failed.我惭愧
90、地将我的失败告诉了他。She was ashamed that she was shabby.她衣衫褴褛，很惭愧。ashamed/shamefulashamed指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、尴尬等，意为：羞愧的，尴尬的。主语一般是人。shameful指事物或行为本身可耻的、不道德的，意为：可耻的，丢脸的。主语多为事物或行为。He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.他为自己可耻的行为感到羞愧。用ashamed的相关短语填空I _ myself _ having stayed so long.He _be seen going to the dentists.He
91、_he had lied.Mary _having failed.【答案】am ashamed of；forwas ashamed towas ashamed thatfelt ashamed of5annoyed adj.烦恼的；心烦的If the person says“no”，she is annoyed.(教材P10)如果那个人说“不”，她会恼火。I couldnt see her face, but she sounded pretty annoyed.我看不见她的脸，但听起来她很烦恼。annoyance n. U 烦恼C烦恼的事annoyed adj. 生气的；烦恼的，常用于下列结
92、构：be annoyedannoying adj. 使人颇为生气或烦恼的The kids hadnt stopped talking，and I was beginning to get annoyed with them.孩子们没有停止说话，我开始有点烦他们。I was really annoyed that I hadnt been invited.我没被邀请，这真让我心烦。【提示】许多人误认为annoyed只能修饰人，不能修饰物，annoying只修饰物，不修饰人，这是一种错误认识。ed形容词强调一种感受；而ing形容词强调人或事物的性质“令人的”。用annoy的适当形式填空I was
93、_at those _things because my mind was full of _and those things were always _me all the time.【答案】annoyedannoyingannoyancesannoying6comment vt.评论；评价 n评论；评语；评注Comment on the object.(教材P11)对物品的评价。Dont comment on others appearance.不要对他人的外貌品头论足。Do you have any comments to make on the event?你对这件事有什么评论吗？co
94、mment on/upon评论comment that.说/称/议论道ask for comment征求意见make/give comments on/about sth.评论某事Everyone commented on her new hat.大家都在评论她的新帽子。Jean commented that she thought it was time for us to go home.琼说她觉得我们该回家了。Its impolite to make comments on a persons appearance.对他人的外貌做评价是不礼貌的。comment/remarkcomment
95、指某人对某事作简短的口头或书面的评论或说明；remark指某人事先没有准备，临时对某人或某事发表意见Mrs Smith remarked that she seemed a very nice girl.史密斯太太评价说她似乎是个很好的女孩。【教师备课资源】offer comments提意见no comment无可奉告without comment未作解释用comment，remark填空The play has been favourably _ by the audience.I beg your pardon；I did not catch your _.Lets learn how t
96、o make _ on a film.【答案】commentedremarkcomments7do with处理；对待；与相处What can you do with 5 yuan？(P12)用5元钱你能做什么？He didnt know what to do with the property his father had left.他不知道如何处理他父亲留下的财产。The new teacher didnt know what to do with the class.那位新老师不知应该如何对待那个班的学生。do with/deal withdo with一般与连接代词what连用时，表示
97、“怎样处理，对付”。deal with表示“怎样对付，处理”时，与连接副词how连用。用do with/deal with填空我不知道怎样处理这个问题。I dont know what to _ the problem.I dont know how to _ the problem.【答案】do with；deal with8appeal to 向呼吁(请求)；投合的心意；引起的兴趣Well, if buying a bag of candies or cookies doesnt appeal to you, how about buying a tree instead？(教材P12)如
98、果你对买包糖果或甜点不感兴趣的话，买棵树怎么样？The idea of camping has never appealed to me.对露营这种想法我从来就不感兴趣。Her sense of humour appealed to him enormously.她的幽默感把他强烈地吸引住了。appeal to sb.for为向某人呼吁(请求)have appeal有吸引力，引人入胜make an appeal to sb.向某人提出呼吁；引起某人的兴趣The design has to appeal to all ages and social groups.设计要雅俗共赏，老幼皆宜。The
99、 life of a policeman has no appeal for me.警察生活对我没有吸引力。用适当的介词填空Do these paintings appeal _you?He appealed _his mother_her forgiveness.【答案】toto；for9The soil contains materials to keep the natural balance_of the area.(教材P12)这些泥土含有保持该地区自然平衡的物质。(1)contain vt.含有；包含；容纳This drink doesnt contain any alcohol.
100、这种饮料不含任何酒精。The hall will contain 300 people.这个大厅可以容纳300人。include/containinclude侧重“范围”，用于表示所包含之物中的一部分；contain可用于表示包含所含之物的全部或部分。更具体地说，contain指一个较大事物中所容纳的部分，有封闭于一个整体的感觉。Our textbook contains twelve units.我们的教科书有12个单元Six people were killed，including a child.6人死亡，包括一个小孩。【提示】including为介词，用于名词/代词之前；而includ
101、ed为过去分词，用于名词/代词之后，常构成结构：including sb./sth.；sb./sth.included。用contain，include填空Put into the box as much as it will _.They have many pets，_ three cats.Sea water _ salt.【答案】containincludingcontains (2)balance n平衡；天平v保持平衡We should keep the balance of nature.我们应该保持自然界的平衡。The chemical must be weighed on t
102、he balance before the experiment.实验前化学品要在天平上称一下。keep the balance of nature保持自然界的平衡a pair of balance一副天平be out of balance失去平衡lose/keep ones balance失去/保持平衡Their lives have been out of balance for long.他们的生活已失衡很久了。She stepped on a stone and lost her balance，falling down.她踩到一块石头，失去平衡跌倒了。【教师备课资源】on balan
103、ce总的来说off balance不稳maintain a balance维持平衡balanced adj.保持平衡的；显示平衡的(反义词)imbalance nC，U不平衡，失衡imbalance between.and.(in/of sth.)和之间(某方面)的不平衡【对接高考】(2012天津高考)You were working too hard.Youd better keep a _ between work and relaxation.ApromiseBleadCbalance Ddiary【解析】句意：你工作太努力了，最好保持工作和休闲的平衡。keep a balance be
104、tween.and.保持和的平衡，考查固定搭配。【答案】C完成句子我发现在结冰的路面上走时很难保持身体平衡。I found it hard to _when walking on the icy road.生活中他很好地平衡了工作与休闲的关系。There is _between work and relaxation in his life.你得权衡一下住在乡下的利与弊。You have to _ of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.【答案】keep my balancea good balancebalance the
105、 advantages10If so,_it is time for you to think again.(教材P12)若真如此，就到你重新考虑的时候了。if so 意为“如果是这样的话”，so用于指代其前的一句话，表示肯定含义。If so, find out what would need to change.如果是这样，请找出需要改变的事项。Do you love life? If so, dont waste it, because it consists of time.你热爱生命吗？如果是就别浪费生命，因为它是由时间组成的。常见的if.省略结构有：I might see you t
106、omorrow.If not，itll be Saturday.我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天，那就是周六。There are few people nowadays，if any，who remember him.当今记得他的人，如有的话，也不多了。【教师备课资源】when necessary当必要时whenever possible/necessary无论何时可能的话/必要的话完成句子如有可能，你应避免饮酒。_，you had better avoid alcohol.如果必要，你可用这些参考书。You can use these reference books，_.【答案】If poss
107、ibleif necessary11In fact，it is you who have the most important role to play in stopping Yellow River erosion.(P12)事实上，你才是阻止黄河水土流失最重要的人。本句是由it is(was).that(who)引起的强调句。强调句式可以强调除谓语以外的其他所有的句子成分，用来加强语气。It was last summer that I graduated from the university.我是去年夏天从那所大学毕业的。不同句式的强调句型一般疑问句的强调句型：Is/Was it被强
108、调部分that/who.特殊疑问句的强调句型：特殊疑问词is/was itthat/who.not.until.的强调句型：It is/was not until.that.Was it yesterday that you met your teacher in the street?你是昨天在大街上碰到你的老师的吗？When was it that they went abroad?他们什么时候出国的？It was not until we entered university that we began studying French.我们进入了大学才开始学法语。【教师备课资源】that
109、只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略；强调的主语如果是人，that和who都可用；强调主语时，that后的谓语动词要与被强调者保持人称和数的一致；即使被强调的主语是复数，主句中的谓语动词也用单数；判断是否是强调句型的方法：还原法，即把强调句型的词It is(was).that(who).去掉，被强调部分归位后，应该能够形成一个完整的句子，即为强调句。【对接高考】(2013新课标全国卷)It was only after he had read the papers _ Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to
110、 complete.Awhen BthatCwhich Dwhat【解析】句意：直到他读了文件之后，格罗斯先生才意识到他面前的任务非常难完成。本句为强调句型，强调状语only after he had read the papers。根据强调句结构“It is/was被强调部分that剩余部分”可知选B。此外，我们也可以将It is/was与空格去掉来验证此句是不是一个强调句。【答案】B完成句子究竟是谁昨天没来参加会议？_didnt come to the meeting yesterday?直到她摘下墨镜我才意识到她是一个电影明星。_ I realized she was a famous
111、film star.【答案】Who was it thatIt was not until she took off her dark glasses that观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会动词不定式的用法。The soil contains materials to keep the natural balance of the area.It is a huge job to control Yellow River erosion.This helps to develop local economies.On land with rich soil，local farmer
112、s can grow crops to make a living.Visitors from all over the world now come to admire this great achievement.自我总结以上五句都含有动词不定式，句法功能各不相同。动词不定式在第句中作_，第句中作_，第句中作_，第句中作_。【答案】定语；主语；宾语；目的状语动词不定式一、基本结构不定式主要有三种结构模式：1带to 或不带to：(to)do sth.不带to的不定式(动词原形)的情况：(1)情态动词动词原形；(2)使役动词let，have(让，使得)，make(使得)的宾补；(3)感官动词：
113、see，watch，look at，notice，observe, hear，listen to等的宾补。The boss made the boy work twelve hours a day.老板让这男孩每天工作12小时。I notice him pass by just now.我注意到他刚才经过。2疑问词不定式：how/when/what.to do (sth.)I dont know how to answer his question.我不知道怎样回答他的问题。3带逻辑主语的不定式：for/of sb.to do sth.for/of sb.to do sth.中，如果前面使用的
114、形容词表达sb.的品德、性质时，则使用of，否则使用for。如：It is impolite of you to talk to your father like that.像那样和你父亲讲话是不礼貌的。It is natural for her to work harder after getting an A in the examination.她考试得了优等后学习更加努力是自然的。二、动词不定式的形式 形式语态意义例句 主动被动一般式to do to be done与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后。Hes said to go abroad next month.进行式to be
115、 doing表示谓语动作发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行。He pretended to be reading when I came in.完成式to have doneto have been done表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前。I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.完成进行式to have been doing发生在谓语动作之前并且一直到谓语动作发生时仍在进行。She is said to have been working on the problem for many years.三、动词不定式的主要用法1不定式作主语To s
116、ee is to believe.(Seeing is believing.)眼见为实。Never to trouble others is his principle.从不麻烦别人是他的原则。【提示】不定式作主语时前面往往用it充当形式主语，不定式则放在后面。常见的带形式主语it的句型有：(1)It is easy/difficult/hard/important/right/wrong/possible/necessary/foolish/kind.to do.(2)It is a pleasure/pity/pleasant thing/an honour.to do.(3)It tak
117、es sb.some time/money to do.It took us 5 million yuan to buy the office building.购买这座办公楼花了我们五百万元。It is really foolish of you to choose such a job.选择这样的职业你真是太愚蠢了。It is my honour to work together with you.和你在一起工作真是太荣幸了。2动词不定式作表语My boss told me that my job was to clean offices.老板说我的工作是打扫办公室。You appear
118、to have caught a cold.你好像感冒了。3不定式作宾语(1)有些及物动词常用动词不定式作宾语。这些动词有：like，want，try，begin，decide，ask，forget，promise，hope，love，offer，refuse，wish等。(2)动词不定式在介词but，other than后面时，如果介词前有行为动词do 的某种形式，那么介词后的不定式不带to，否则就要带to。(3)在cant choose but，cant help but，cant but等后面的不定式也要省略to。Father promised to buy me a new bicyc
119、le if I passed the examination.父亲承诺如果我通过考试就给我买辆自行车。We could do nothing but/other than wait.除了等待我们别无他法。【提示】如果不定式作宾语，而其后有补足语时则常用形式宾语it，而把不定式放在补足语之后。I think it necessary to master a foreign language.我认为掌握一门外语很有必要。4不定式作宾语补足语(1)带to的不定式作宾语补足语：要求用这种结构的常见的动词有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause，call on，consider，driv
120、e，encourage，expect，force，get，hate，invite，know，like，love，teach，oblige，order，persuade，request，require，tell，want，warn，wish等。(2)不带to的不定式作宾语补足语：要求用这种结构的常见的动词多为“感官动词”和“使役动词”，如feel，hear，see，watch，notice，find，have，let，make等。They forced me to do things against my will.他们强迫我做违背心愿的事情。Everyone encourages me to
121、enter for the English contest.大家鼓励我报名参加英语竞赛。The policeman didnt notice the thief slip away.警察没注意到小偷溜走了。5不定式作定语不定式作定语要后置，往往表示未发生的动作。和被修饰语之间的逻辑关系通常是：(1)主谓关系。被修饰词是不定式的逻辑主语。如：the person to get there；the last to finish the work。(2)动宾关系。被修饰词是不定式的逻辑宾语，不定式用主动结构。如：some problems to solve；a great house to live
122、 in。(3)同位关系。不定式说明和解释被修饰语的内容。如：a plan to set up a new school；a chance to study further in America。6不定式作状语不定式作状语主要有三种情况：(1)目的状语。in order to和so as to是不定式作目的状语的正式用法，其中so as to不可位于句首。(2)结果状语。通常有句型：too.to do sth.；.enough to do sth.；only to do sth.。(3)原因状语。主要放在表示喜怒哀乐的情感的词汇之后。In order to finish the work in
123、time we work late into the night every day.为了能及时完成任务，我们每天工作到深夜。I walked all the way from home to the library，only to find it closed.我从家一直步行到图书馆，结果发现它关门了。She seemed surprised to meet us.遇见我们，她似乎有点惊讶。【疑难辨析】1不定式的主动和被动(1)不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式往往用主动形式。Do you have a knife to cut the watermelon?你有刀
124、子切开这个西瓜吗？(2)不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式。I know what to do.我知道应该做什么。(3)不定式作表语形容词的状语，和句中的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式多用主动形式，这是因为人们往往认为形容词后省去了for sb.。This book is difficult to understand.这本书很难理解。(4)在there be结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式；如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须被完成，则用被动形式。There is a lot of wo
125、rk to do.(Someone has to do the work.)有许多工作要做。There is a lot of work to be done.(The work has to be done.)有许多工作需要被完成。2不定式符号to的保留(1)当前文已经说明不定式的动作，后文中的不定式常可省略，只保留不定式符号to。常见的动词有：like，love，care，hope，wish，expect，prefer，refuse，mean，try等。You can do it this way if you care/like to.如果你喜欢，你可以用这种方法做这件事。(2)当不定式
126、用于下列结构：be able to，be going to，have to，ought to，used to中时，可以省略，只保留不定式符号to。I dont want to wait for him but I have to.我不想等他，但是必须等。(3)当被省略的不定式的内容是作助动词用的have或be的任何形式时，to后要保留原形have或be。He didnt come，but he ought to have(come)(have是不定式完成式中的have)他没来，但是他本应该来的。.单项填空1(2013重庆高考)The engine just wont start. Someth
127、ing seems_wrong with it.Ato goBto have goneCgoing Dhaving gone【解析】句意：这个引擎发动不了了，好像出毛病了。seem后接to do形式，可首先排除C、D两项。由于go wrong动作发生在seem之前，所以用动词不定式的完成式(to have done)表示动作已经发生。所以答案为B。【答案】B2(2013四川高考)The airport_next year will help promote tourism in this area.Abeing completed Bto be completedCcompleted Dhav
128、ing been completed【解析】句意：明年竣工的飞机场将有助于促进该地旅游业的发展。complete与airport之间是动宾关系，又由题中的关键信息next year可知此处需用动词不定式的被动形式to be completed，表示将要发生的被动动作，所以B项符合题意。A项是现在分词的被动形式，表示正在进行的被动动作；C项是过去分词，表示已经完成的被动动作；D项是现在分词完成式的被动形式，表示已经完成的被动动作，三项均不合题意。【答案】B3(2012全国卷)The old man sat in front of the television every evening，happ
129、y_anything that happened to be on.Ato watch BwatchingCwatched Dto have watched【解析】句意：每天晚上这个老人都坐在电视机前，高兴地看着电视上演的任何东西。本题考查动词不定式作状语。表示情感的词如happy，glad等用动词不定式作状语，故排除B、C两项。而D项为完成式，不符合题意。【答案】A4(2012山东高考)George returned after the war，only_ that his wife had left him.Ato be told BtellingCbeing told Dtold【解析】
130、句意：乔治战后返家，结果被告知他的妻子已经离开了他。由题干中的only可知要用不定式构成结果状语，故选A。【答案】A5(2012江西高考)Having finished her project，she was invited by the school_ to the new students.Aspeaking Bhaving spokenCto speak Dto have spoken【解析】句意：完成了她的项目后，她应学校的邀请去给新生演讲。本题根据“invite sb.to do sth.sb.be invited to do sth.邀请某人做某事”，排除A、B两项；D项不定式的完
131、成式表示该动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作，不符合句意，应排除。【答案】 C6(2012陕西高考)If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but_ an even greater challenge.Ameets BmeetingCmeet Dto meet【解析】句意：如要他接下这个工作，他将别无选择，只能迎接更大的挑战。题干中have no choice but to do为常用结构，故选择D项。【答案】D7(2012北京高考)Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds_away
132、.Ato stay BstayingCstayed Dstay【解析】句意：鸟的歌声有的时候是警告其他鸟与之保持距离。warning后通常跟不定式作定语，表示“的警告”，故A项为正确答案。【答案】A 8.(2012辽宁高考)This machine is very easy_.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.Aoperating Bto be operatingCoperated Dto operate【解析】句意：这台机器操作起来很容易。任何人在几分钟之内就能学会使用它。“be表示难易好坏等的形容词”后需用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义
133、。【答案】D9(2012浙江高考)No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when its better _ silent.Aremain Bbe remainingChaving remained Dto remain【解析】句意：不论你是一个多么聪明的演讲者，有些时候保持沉默更好。此句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，故答案为D。【答案】D10(2012四川高考)Tom took a taxi to the airport，only _ his plane high up in the sky.Afindin
134、g Bto findCbeing found Dto have found【解析】句意：汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已经高高地飞在天上了。“only不定式”作状语时，表示出乎意料的或不愿看到的结果，符合语境。D项为不定式的完成式，表示find这一动作发生在took这一动作之前，不符合题意，故答案选B。【答案】B.用所给动词的适当形式填空1Ive worked with children before，so I know what_(expect) in my new job. 2.Paul doesnt have to be made_(learn)He always work
135、s hard.3Hurry up，he is sure_(wait)for us.4Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple，but it remains_(see)whether they will enjoy it.5There are five pairs of shoes_(choose)from，but Im at a loss which to buy.6The Browns have a comfortable house_(live)in.7Ill ask Mr.Li_(lend)me some mone
136、y.8We could do nothing but_(wait)9Did you notice anyone_(come)in?10It is an honour for me_(ask)to speak here.【答案】1.to expect2.to learn3.to be waiting4.to be seen5.to choose6.to live7.to lend8.wait9come10.to be askedPeriod Advertisements & Communication Workshop(教师用书独具)教学目标1掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，理解并能熟练运用。2通过学
137、案中所给出的重点词汇的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些词汇。3通过对这些知识点的理解能够更深层次地理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练地运用这些词汇。4借助本学案写作提升的讲解，让学生用英语写一则广告，逐步提升学生用英语写应用文的能力。教学地位本课时讲解的知识点是以教材重点词汇和句式出现的先后顺序依次呈现的。通过一篇相关话题的写作训练，(思路点拨词汇热身句式温习连句成篇)，一步一步地教会学生如何写出一篇产品介绍。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议每一位同学都会在日常生活中接触到形形色色的广告，结合各自不同的生活习惯和生活背景，让同学们各自表达自己对商业广告的感受，共同探讨这些广告给他
138、们的生活带来的影响和变化。教学流程设计导入新课。学生快速阅读课文(课本第1415页)并根据学案所设置的“语篇理解”问题做出选择(见学案第17页)。老师布置作业：让学生完成课本第60页第3题，第61页阅读理解。让学生自学学案Period V的内容(见学案第21页)，然后做“单元归纳提升”部分(见学案第23页)。.语篇理解阅读P1415的Reading部分，选取最佳答案1If you want to become more beautiful，which advertisement should you read?ARemote Headphones.BMini Camera.CSpecial J
139、ewellery For Your Ears.2If you want your house clean and tidy，but you are very busy，which advertisement should you read?AFeline Floor Cleaners.BRemote Headphones.CMini Camera.3Which item is the cheapest?AOne mini camera.BTwo pairs of remote headphones.CTwo feline floor cleaners.【答案】13C A C.经典句子1It i
140、s no bigger than a credit card!它和信用卡一样小！2Do you find housework tiring and boring?你是否觉得家务活又累又烦？3There is no doubt that it will help us to cure all sorts of illness.毫无疑问，它能帮助我们治疗各种疾病。1electric adj.与电有关的；用电的I think electric toothbrushes are not very practical.(教材P14)我认为电动牙刷不太实用。He bought an electric ha
141、irdryer for Mary.他给玛丽买了一个电吹风。Please turn off the electric power.请把电源关掉。electric，electrical，electronicelectric指以电为动力进行工作的an electric guitar电吉他electrical指关于电的或用电的an electrical engineering电工学electronic指与电子有关的、电子器件的、电子设备的an electronic dictionary电子词典用electric，electrical，electronic填空There is a fault in th
142、e _ system.An _ power company stops the power supply in this area.I like to read books on _ music.【答案】electricalelectricelectronic2relaxing adj.令人放松的，使人懒洋洋的，使人无精打采的You can listen to relaxing music in the bath！(教材P14)在浴室里你可以听轻松愉快的音乐！He spent a relaxing afternoon in the garden.他在花园里懒洋洋地度过了一个下午。The hot
143、 weather is relaxing.炎热的天气使人无精打采。relax vt.使松弛，使放松relaxation n松弛，放松，消遣，娱乐relaxed adj.轻松的，不烦恼的These pills will relax you and make you sleep.这些药丸对你有镇静和催眠的作用。He looks relaxed about the serious matter.对于这件严重的事情，他看起来似乎很轻松。【教师备课资源】类似于relaxing和relaxed的词还有：用relax的适当形式填空I like to_ with a glass of wine.He seem
144、s_ about the final exam.Sometimes going swimming is_ for people who are very tired.Fishing is my favourite _.【答案】relaxrelaxedrelaxingrelaxation3go through穿透；经历，遭受；用完；执行；履行；通过；翻遍The signals go through glass, doors and walls.(教材P14)信号可穿透玻璃、门和墙壁。They use the glass door to let the sun light go through.他
145、们使用玻璃门让阳光穿进来。get through 完成；接通电话；(使)通过see through看透，识破；坚持完成(任务、工程等)pull through康复；完成；协助完成(十分困难的事)This enabled us to see through their plots.这使我们得以看透他们的阴谋。He will pull through his illness soon.他很快就会恢复健康的。【教师备课资源】live through经历(灾难等困难)而幸存break through取得突破；克服，战胜put through接通电话；完成；使经受(磨炼、痛苦)look through假
146、装没看见；浏览猜测下列句中go through的意思She has gone through a lot since her husband died._The bill has gone through._Have you gone through all your money？_Mother went through the drawer looking for her ID card._【答案】经历通过用完翻遍4It is no bigger than a credit card！(教材P14)它和信用卡一样小！句中采用“no比较级than”结构，表示前后比较对象“都不”且程度相当。To
147、m is no more careful than John.汤姆和约翰一样都不细心。You are no worse than anyone else.你和其他任何人一样都不差。A is noadj.比较级than BA和B一样都不A is notadj.比较级than BA不如BA is more.than BA比B更A is less.than BA不如B更My room is not bigger than yours.我的房间不如你的房间大。Book 2 is less important than Book 1.第二册书不如第一册书重要。【教师备课资源】no better than
148、as bad as与一样不好no faster thanas slow as与一样不快no taller thanas short as与一样不高no earlier thanas late as与一样晚翻译句子He paid no less than 10,000 pounds for it._There were no fewer than 500 people present._No more than 3 people came to my class, unfortunately._【答案】他为此支付了高达一万英镑。出席者多达500人。很遗憾，只有三个人来上我的课。5convenie
149、nt adj.方便的；便利的It is convenient and very reliable.(教材P14)(这种相机)方便可靠。It is simple and convenient to use.它很简单，方便使用。Is three oclock convenient for/to you?三点钟您方便吗？convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而是用事物作主语或用it作形式主语。常用句型有：aIt is/was convenient for sb.to do sth.bSth.is convenient to do/for sb.inconvenient adj.不方便的con
150、venience n方便；便利设施at ones convenience在方便的时候，在适宜的地方It is of great convenience for you to borrow books.It is convenient for you to borrow books.你借书是很方便的。用convenient的适当形式填空Could we put off the meeting until a more _ time?This is very _ for Mrs Puri, as a great number of her close relations have emigrate
151、d(移民)We bought this house for its _.The loss of her purse caused her much _.【答案】convenientinconvenientconvenienceinconvenience6focus n焦点；中心 vt.焦距，聚焦It has an automatic focus and flash, so you dont have to worry about anything.(教材P14)它有自动聚焦和闪光功能，因此不必担心任何事情。Do you know the focus of the trouble?你知道纠纷的焦
152、点吗？The grammarbased teaching，with its focus on accuracy rather than fluency，is not practical.重在准确而非流利的语法教学法不实用。be in focus 清晰；明确；在焦点上be out of focus 模糊；不清楚；不在焦点上bring sth.into focus 使某物清晰；使某物成为焦点focus v使集中于焦点；(使)集中focus.on.(使)注视focus ones attention on.把某人的注意力集中在上Im so tired that I cant focus on anyt
153、hing today.今天我太累了，精神集中不起来。Please focus your minds on the following problem.请集中精力考虑以下问题。完成句子The childrens faces are_(非常模糊)in the photograph.Im too tired today to_(集中精力)my job.Please_your attention_(把集中到)the article you are reading.If you want to get a better view，_ the object_(把焦点对准)【答案】out of focusf
154、ocus onfocus；onbring；into focus7Do you find housework tiring and boring？(教材P15)你是否觉得家务活又累又烦？句中的find housework tiring and boring是find宾语宾补复合结构。find宾语宾补Im afraid you will find me very unsatisfactory.恐怕你会发现我远远不能令人满意。He found a number of men already working there.他发现很多人已经在那儿工作了。We find Jack always in a g
155、ood mood.我们发现杰克总是心情很好。完成句子你觉得农村的生活苦吗？Did you find life_？我发现许多学生正在讨论那个问题。I found lots of students_.我们发现她在家。We found her_.【答案】hard in the countrydiscussing the problemat home8replace v取代，代替；把放回原位Well，its a disk to replace our textbook.(教材P17)哦，那是一个可以代替我们课本的磁盘。Email has largely replaced the traditional
156、 business letter.电子邮件已在很大程度上取代了传统的商务书信。He picked them up and replaced them in the bag.他把它们捡了起来，放回包里。常用结构：replacement n. U代替；替换C替换的人/物take the place ofreplace取代The factory replaces the labour work by machines.这家工厂用机器代替了手工劳动。Nobody can take the place of you to do the work.没有人能取代你做这项工作。用with和for填空I cle
157、an out all the grease(油脂)and replace it _oil so it works better.We need a replacement_the officer who will retire next week.【答案】withfor9There is no doubt that it will help us to cure all sorts of illnesses.(教材P17)毫无疑问，它能帮助我们治疗各种疾病。本句中There is no doubt that.为固定句式，意为“毫无疑问”。There is no doubt that Tom i
158、s a diligent student.毫无疑问，汤姆是一个勤奋的学生。doubt n怀疑；疑惑in doubt未确定的毫无疑问地make no doubt (of) 对毫不怀疑doubt vt.怀疑；疑惑，不相信doubt sth./sb.怀疑某事/某人doubt whether/if.怀疑dont doubt that.确信The cause of the accident is still in doubt.那次事故的原因仍未确定。I dont doubt that our team will win.我们队伍会获胜是没有疑问的。I doubt whether he will keep
159、 his word.我怀疑他是否会遵守诺言。完成句子毫无疑问，他无愧于“一代杰出球员”这一称号。There_that he deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”_，he deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”【答案】is no doubt；Without doubt广告的写作广告是商品、器物、服务的宣传方式，旨在使消费者对某种商品、器物或服务产生兴趣，从而促使他们进行消费，因此，广告必须具有吸引力，能引起广大消费者的兴趣。一般说来，广告可分为
160、标题(the headline)、文字说明或广告正文(the body text)、图像(the illustration)和厂商名称(the signature)四个部分。广告标题，是广告中最为重要的部分之一。它起着激起读者的好奇心、吸引读者的注意力的作用。下面是标题的几种常见类型：1简明口语化标题：用简单明了、口语化、贴近生活的文字作为标题2哲理、诗意型标题：用富含哲理、诗意的词语或语句，让人关注与思考3反差对比型标题：形式上对仗，前后语意上形成反差4名言俗语型标题5巧嵌品牌名型标题广告的正文应按照不同的要求选择不同的文体。广告的文字应尽量做到：1既要新颖，又要口语化；2多用简洁、明了的语
161、言；3多用较短的单词和句子；4用词要准确，不用模棱两可的词句；5主要宣传内容，如商品的名称、型号、特点等应在文中反复强调；6为了增大广告的吸引力，有时可用谐音词或押韵的词句来增强宣传效果。武汉第三制药厂(Medical Plant)研制了一种新药，药品已被外商订购。制药厂请你为该厂产品写一份说明书，请根据提示完成：1本品为中药，对心脏病有显著疗效。2用量：每日三次，一次两粒(pill)；发病时可加服12粒，可长期服用。3服药后如感身体不适，请停用，小孩和孕妇(pregnant adj.)禁服。4本药品应放在阴凉干燥处。5使用本药品还应严格听从医生的指导。注意：1.说明书必须包括以上所有要点，但
162、不要逐条翻译。2词数100左右。思路分析产品介绍，属于广告范畴，是应用文的一种，写作时要根据要点完成写作，不要遗漏要点；说明的语言尽量科学准确，不能含糊其辞。词汇热身1实际的；实用的 _2高质量 _3畅销全球 _4遵从某人建议 _【答案】1.practical2.high quality3.selling well all over the world4.follow ones advice句式温习1它对心脏病有显著疗效。It is very good _./_ in curing heart disease.2如果感到不舒适，请停用。If _，_ stop taking it./If _，_
163、 stop taking it.3服用前最好征询医生的建议。Its better to _ before taking it.【答案】1.for heart disease/It is of great use2you are not feeling well；you should/not feeling well；youd better3.follow/take the doctors advice连句成篇_【参考范文】Wuhan No.3 Medical Plant has invented a new kind of medicine.It is very good for heart
164、disease.It should be taken three times a day and two pills once.It can also be taken one or two more pills if needed.This kind of medicine can be used for a long time.Its dangerous for children and the pregnant.They mustnt take this medicine.If you are not feeling well after taking the medicine, you
165、 should stop taking it.This medicine should be kept in a cool and dry place.Its better to follow the doctors advice before taking it.Period Culture Corner & Bulletin Board1consider v考虑，细想；认为，把看作There were many things to consider.(教材P18)有许多问题需要考虑。Are you still considering studying abroad?你仍然在考虑去留学吗？M
166、ost people considered him (to be) innocent.多数人认为他是无辜的。consider作“考虑，考虑到”讲时：consider doing sth.consider how/when.to do sth.consider sth.considerhow/when/what等引导的从句consider作“认为，把看作”讲时：consider sb./sth.(to be) n/adj.consider sb.to do sth.consider itn./adj.to do sth.considerthatclauseTherefore they dont
167、consider whether they can afford it or not.因此他们不考虑是否能支付得起它。I wonder if you have considered how to get there .我想知道你是否考虑过如何到那里去。He considered that Mr Wang had taken place of his position.他认为王先生占了他的位置。【教师备课资源】considering prep.鉴于，就而言all things considered考虑到所有情况；全面考虑完成句子我认为早起是个好习惯。I _ to get up early.我们应
168、考虑下一步该怎么办。We should _.【答案】consider it a good habitconsider what to do next2be associated with与有联系，关系Usually, a currency is associated with one country only so it is easier to find images and symbols to put on the coins and notes.(教材P18)一般说来，一种货币只与一个国家相关，因此不难找到印在硬币和纸币上的形象和标志。Whiskey is usually associ
169、ated with Scotland.人们常把威士忌同苏格兰联系起来。associate.with.把和联系在一起表示“与有联系、关系”的短语还有：be connected with；be involved with；be linked with；have sth.to do withThe job is connected with the environment.这个工作与环境有关系。Those people are involved with the murder.那些人与这个谋杀有关。His name has been linked with kindness.他的名字已经与善良联系在
170、了一起。The super star has something to do with the accident.这个明星与这次事故有关。用associate短语完成句子我不愿再和他们交往了。I dont want to _them any more.许多危害健康的问题都与吸烟有关。There are many serious health problems _.【答案】associate myself withassociated with smoking3represent v代表，象征；描绘；作为的代表However，for the euro，twelve different count
171、ries were involved，and each country was as keen as the other to be represented.(教材P18)然而，对于欧元来说，它共涉及了12个不同的国家，每个国家又都像其他国家一样渴望被欧元所代表。This mark represents a smile.这个符号代表微笑。The painting represents a hunting scene.这幅画描绘了一幅狩猎的场面。The chief engineer was represented at the meeting by his secretary.总工程师的秘书代表
172、总工程师参加了会议。represent.as.把描绘成represent.to be(常指错误地)声称是representative n代表；adj.有代表性的，典型的He is represented as a man of great honour.他被描述成一个获得极大荣誉的人。He was not what they had represented him to be.他并不是他们所描绘的那个样子。用represent，representative填空Mother and daughters _two generations.Are your opinions _of the othe
173、r students?The tiger is a _of the cat family.The red lines on the map _railways.【答案】represent representative representative represent 4make up组成；化妆；弥补；编造；辨认出However，instead of showing real，existing structures，he used photographs to make up imaginary structures that best represented the different arc
174、hitectural styles.(教材P18) 但他并没有去展现真实存在的建筑结构，而是用照片组合成一个最能代表不同建筑风格的结构图。The student made up an excuse for his being late.那个学生为他的迟到编造了一个借口。The medical team was made up of twelve doctors.医疗队由12个医生组成。be made up of由构成make it成功；办到make ones way to走向make sense讲得通，有意义The train goes at 10：15.I think we shall ma
175、ke it.火车10点1刻开，我想我们能赶上。Can you make sense of what this writer is saying?你能了解这个作家在讲什么吗？【教师备课资源】make use of利用make room for给腾出空地方make up ones mind下定决心猜测下列句子中make up的意思Eleven players make up a football team._Uncle Dick made up an interesting story for the children._We have to drive fast to make up for t
176、he time we lost in New York._The actors were making up when we arrived._The class is made up of 15 girl students and 20 boy students._【答案】组成编造弥补化妆由组成5run v管理；操作；(机器)运转；褪色In our monthly Advertisement Show，we choose an Advertisement of the Month and we also run a competition selecting the best homemad
177、e advertisement.(教材P19)在我们每月的广告展中，我们要选择这个月的“广告之星”，我们还举办一个竞赛，精选出最好的国内广告。His father runs a big company.他父亲掌管一个大公司。He ran his eyes down the list.他的眼睛迅速地在名单上扫了一下。The engine runs well.发动机运转良好。run across偶然遇见run after追赶run away走掉，逃跑run out(of)用完，耗尽；跑出He happened to run across Helen that day in the street.他
178、那天在街上偶然遇见海伦。If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.谚同时追两兔，全都抓不住。【教师备课资源】run short缺少run into碰上in the long run从长远角度看【对接高考】(2012江苏高考)OK，Ive had enough of it.I give up.You cant _your responsibilities.Arun off withBrun up againstCrun out of Drun away from【解析】run away from意为“逃离，躲避”，run off wit
179、h意为“偷走；与私奔”；run up against意为“偶遇”；run out of意为：“用完”。句意：“好了，我已受够了，我放弃。”“你不能逃避你的责任。”根据句意，应选D项。【答案】D用run及其短语完成句子They suggested they teach me how to _ the farm.Look! The dog _ a rabbit.Hurry up！We are _ time.【答案】runis running afterrunning out of.单项填空1Youd better wash the shirt in cold water，or the colour
180、 will_.AloseBrunCgo Ddie【解析】句意：你最好用冷水洗那件衬衣，否则会褪色。“褪色”应用动词run。lose失去；go走，离开；die消逝。【答案】B2Charles Babbage is considered _ the first computer.Ainventing Bto inventCto have invented Dto inventing【解析】句意：人们认为是Charles Babbage发明了第一台电脑。此句相当于“It is considered that Charles Babbage invented the first computer.”。
181、【答案】C3A healthy life is frequently thought to be _ with the open countryside and homegrown food.Atied BrelatedCinvolved Dassociated【解析】四个选项中，tied和related后面搭配介词to，involved后面搭配介词with通常指与不好的事情相关，associated后面搭配with，表示“与有联系、有关系”。【答案】D4She represented her little brother _ a naughty boy.Ato BofCas Dwith【解析
182、】句意：她把她的弟弟描绘成一个调皮的小男孩。represent.as.“把描绘成”的意思，故C项正确。【答案】C5American Indians _ about five percent of the US.population.Afill up Bbring upCmake up Dset up【解析】A项意为“装满”；B项意为“抚养，教育”；C项意为“组成”；D项意为“建立”。根据句意应选C项。【答案】C.用方框中短语的正确形式填空1We went to the park by taxi _ by bicycle.2Scientists think that some natural d
183、isasters _ global warming.3They _ win.4A colour TV set is_ of hundreds of different parts.5Please _ a few more names of labourers _ the list.6China has _ the global economic crisis.【答案】1.instead of2.are associated with3.are keen to4.made up5.add；to6.been involved in.立体式复习单词A基础单词1_ adj.使人快乐的2_ n寝室，宿舍
184、3_ n炉子4_ n新闻工作者，记者5_ n决心要做的事6_ n产品；出品7_ adj.好斗的；有进取心的8_ n食品杂货9_ n皮革10_ adv. 近似地，大约地11_ n经济12_ n谷，山谷13_ n信号，暗号14_ adj. 自动的15_ n翻译【答案】1.enjoyable2.dormitory3.stove4.journalist5.resolution6.product7.aggressive8.groceries9.leather10.approximately11.economy12valley13.signal14.automatic15.translationB词汇拓展
185、16_ vt决心_ n决心_ adj.有决心的17_ adj.贪婪的_ n贪婪18_adj.很感兴趣的，热情的_ n热情19_ vi举止，表现_ n表现20_ adj.与电有关的，用电的_ adj.电子的，电子操纵的_ n电，电流；电力【答案】16.determinedeterminationdetermined17greedygreed18.enthusiasticenthusiasm19behavebehaviour20.electricelectronicelectricity.递进式回顾短语A短语互译1_虚构出，凭空想出2_不理睬，背弃3_有意义，有道理，讲得通4_没门5_呼吁；要求；
186、吸引6_keep the balance of7_ to be exact8_be made from9_ be tired of10_ be associated with【答案】1.dream up2.turn ones back on3.make sense4.no way5.appeal to6.保持平衡7.确切地说8.由制成9.厌倦做某事10.与有关B用上面词组的适当形式完成下列句子11It happened, _， at two minutes past two.12Its necessary that we should _nature.13We need to _a marke
187、ting plan for our product.14Many newspapers _ the crowd.15He was briefly _that organization.【答案】11.to be exact12.keep the balance of 13dream up 14.appeal to15.associated with .仿写式活用句型1In fact, it_is you who have the most important role to play in stopping Yellow River erosion.【句式仿写】是在花园里我看见了那只猫。_他是最
188、后做出决定的人。_2Whats_more，the success of the programme has greatly improved the lives of the local people.【句式仿写】这是一本很有用的书，更重要的是它并不贵。_3Do you find_housework_tiring_and_boring?【句式仿写】他发现很多人已经在那儿工作了。_他发现门关上了。_4There_is_no_doubt_that it will help us to care all sorts of illness.【句式仿写】毫无疑问，英语很重要。_他会再来这里，这是无疑的。
189、_5Here_is_the_perfect_solution_to all your problems.【句式仿写】你要审查的书籍在这儿。_这儿是一个好旅馆，咱们就在这儿住吧。_【答案】1.It is in the garden that I saw the cat.It is he who will give the final decision.2.Its a useful book，and whats more，not an expensive one.3.He found a number of men already working there.He found the door c
190、losed.4.There is no doubt that English is very important.There is no doubt that he will come here again.5.Here are the books for you to look through.Here is a good hotel，lets put in here.阅读理解解题技巧阅读文章的基本方法有三种，一是略读，二是精读，三是寻读。考试中这三种方法可以根据情况的不同选择使用。利用略读，我们可以了解材料的结构安排和主要信息；利用精读我们可以针对考题中的具体信息进行详细阅读；而通过寻读可
191、以迅速确定你所期望得到的信息的位置，在解题过程中起定位作用。具体可以采取以下解题步骤：略读短文，把握方向；浏览问题，有的放矢；分析判断，确定答案。阅读理解题型大致可分为以下几种：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题和篇章结构题等。阅读理解之细节理解题(一)事实认定题一般包括直接理解题和间接理解题。前者在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who，what，which，when，where，why和how等提问，或是判断正误；后者需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后才能得出结论。做这类题时一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速浏览短文，
192、找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。【实例透析】(2012江西高考A). 4Mark had been scolded before for touching his fathers equipment.But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him.It was a strangelooking machineone his dad had brought home from the laboratory where he worked.“Its
193、 an experimental model，”his father had explained，“So dont touch it under any circumstances.”But his fathers warning only served to make Mark more curious. Without any further thought，Mark turned on the power switch.The computer burst into life and seconds later，the screen turned into colors，shifting
194、 and changing and then two big white words appeared in the centre of the screen：“SPACE TRANSPORTER.”“Yes！”Mark cried excitedly，“Its a computer game.I knew it！Dads only been pretending to work.Hes really been playing games instead.”A new message appeared on the screen：.56Why did Mark touch the comput
195、er against his fathers warning?AHe wanted to take a voyage.BHe wanted to practice his skill.CHe was so much attracted by it.DHe was eager to do an experiment.58Mark thought“SPACE TRANSPORTER”on the screen was the name of _.Aa computer gameBa company websiteCa software producerDan astronomy program【解
196、析】56.C细节事实认定题。本题是间接理解题。根据第四段“Mark had been scolded before for touching his fathers equipment.But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him.”可知，Mark抑制不住自己的好奇心，而且父亲的新电脑真的让他迷惑不解，这与C项“他被父亲的电脑深深地吸引住了”吻合。58A细节事实认定题。本题是直接理解题。根据第六段中的“Its a computer game.Hes really been
197、playing games instead.”可以直接得出A项正确，Mark认为它是一个电脑游戏的名字。【技巧点拨】三招攻克细节理解题1运用略读和寻读相结合的方法，把选项与原句进行比较。也可以用排除法。2注意同一语意的不同表达方式。有时为了增加试题的难度，问题的表达一般不用文章中的原话，而是使用同义词、近义词变换，句型变换等手段来表达。因此，在做题时考生应首先看准题干，弄清问题所在。3了解细节理解题命题的题眼，认真总结。该类试题的考查点通常有：时间、地点、事件，转折处和对比处、因果句，破折号、括号、冒号表示解释等特殊标点处。(2012江西高考A).13“I think wed better s
198、hut it off，Mark，”Jason yelled，reaching for the power switch.He was really frightened.14But his hand never reached the switch.A single beam of dazzling white light burst out of the computer screen，wrapping the boys in its glow(光芒)，until they themselves seemed to be glowing.Then it died down just as s
199、uddenly as it had burst into life.And the boys were no longer there.On the screen，the letters changed.15“TRANSPORT SUCCESSFUL.DESTINATION(目的地)：MARS.RETRIEVE DATE：2025.”59Why did Jason want to shut off the computer?AHe was afraid of being scolded.BHe didnt like the loud noise and light.CHe didnt want
200、 to play games any more.DHe was afraid something dangerous might happen.60What happened to the boys at the end of the story?AThey were blown into the air.BThey were sent to another planet.CThey were hidden in the strong light.DThey were carried away to another country.【解析】59.D细节事实认定题。本题是间接理解题。根据第十三段
201、中的“Jason yelled，reaching for the power switch.He was really frightened”可知，Jason非常害怕会有危险的事情发生。60B细节事实认定题。本题是直接理解题。根据最后一段中的“DESTINATION(目的地)：MARS.RETRIEVE DATE：2025.”可知，这两个孩子被送到了另外一个星球火星。阅读理解之细节理解题(二)排列顺序题细节排序题的考查形式是在选项中列举一些具体的事实，然后对上面的事实进行排序。要求考生根据事件发生的先后顺序以及句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。【实例透析】(2012江苏高考C)
202、1Medical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure.One solution to this problem is to put the drugs inside a capsule，protecting them from the bodyand the body from themuntil they can be released at just the right spot.There are lots of ways to trigger(引发)this release，including changing temper
203、ature，acidity，and so on.But triggers can come with their own risksburns，for example.Now，researchers in California have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date：shining nearinfrared light(NIR，近红外线)on the drug in the capsule.2.3.4So Almutairi and her colleagues reported creating a new materia
204、l for capsules thats even better.This one consists of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer.Cresol contains reactive(易反应的)components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form，a feature Almutairi and her colleagues use to their advantage.After polymerizing the cr
205、esols，they cap each reactive component with a lightabsorbing compound called Bhc.When the Bhcs absorb NIR light，the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains.Shining additional light continues this breakdown，potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule.Whats more
206、，Almutairi says，Bhc is 10 times better at absorbing NIR than is ONB and is not poisonous to cells.65Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes?AprotectedBformedCexposed Dcombined【解析】C排列顺序题中的细节理解。本题与一般的排序题不同，顺序已经排好，在第二步空出一个动词，要求从所给的四个动词中选出可以用来完成所给的变化过程的动词。根据问题可以在第四段找到对应的内容。根据
207、第四段中的“When the Bhcs absorb NIR light，the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains.Shining additional light continues this breakdown，potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule.”可以看出对应的动词顺序为：absorb，expose，break，release。故选C。【技巧点拨】考生可以采用“首尾定位法”，先找出最早的和最后的一个时间、事件，把
208、它作为事件发生的参照点，然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小，从而快速地选出正确答案。.During the last winter holiday, my friend took me to a special caf where you can DIY chocolates. I was very interested in making chocolates. For the first step, we chose a proper mould and a type of chocolate we would like to use. Next, we melted a bar of choc
209、olate and poured it into the mould. The shopowner helped us put the mould in the fridge and then we had to wait. Then the chocolate turned solid, we began to decorate it by drawing some patterns with cream. It was a little difficult for me to decorate my chocolate since I had never done it before. B
210、ut when it was finished, I was very satisfied with my first attempt. My friend and I really had a good time.59. What are proper steps the writer takes to DIY chocolate?a. Visit T to buy some materials.b. Choose a mould and chocolate.c. Go to a supermarket to get flowers.d. Go to a caf where you can try a handmade chocolate.e. Decorate your chocolate with cream.f. Melt a bar of chocolate and pour it into the mould and then in the fridge.A. abcd B. cbdeC. dbfe D. cdef【解析】C细节排序题。根据题目要求中的DIY chocolate可排除a和c，由此可排除A、B、D三个选项。再根据文章内容可知C项正确。
