1、2014高考英语阅读理解基础练习（20）及答案 第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。A(2012河南洛阳统考)In the USA，driving laws differ somewhat from state to state and considerably from what you are used to.Here is a list of some important differences.Speed LimitsSpeed limits are designate
2、d in miles per hour(MPH)，not kilometers.One mile equals 1.6093 kilometers.Within cities the speed limit is usually 25 mph.Major streets with two or more lines may post a higher limit of 35 mph，but you should assume a 25 mph limit unless you see a sign with a higher limit.Highways have a speed limit
3、of 55 mph，with some interstate highways posting a higher limit of 65 mph.Fines for speeding are heavy and can result in higher insurance fees and license suspension(扣留)Driving on the RightUnlike the UK，some countries in Asia，in Australia，and in the United States cars drive on the right side of the r
4、oad，and steering wheels(方向盘) are located on the left side of the car.Even if you dont drive a car，you need to be aware of this rule.Every year a few international students are hit by cars because they step off the roadsides into the path of oncoming traffic.On most streets cars will be coming from y
5、our left，not your right.InsuranceMost states require you to maintain certain minimum levels of insurance on your car in case you are involved in an accident.The insurance covers your liability(责任) for damage to other cars and injuries caused to all the people involved in the accident.We strongly rec
6、ommend getting insurance that covers more than the legal minimum.You can also get collision(碰撞) insurance to cover the cost of fixing your car and theft insurance in case the car is stolen，but this is only worthwhile for a new car or a model of recent years.If you dont have car insurance，you wont be
7、 able to register the car.56When driving in an American city，youd better limit your speed within about _.A25 mph B35 mph C55 mph D65 mph57If you drive beyond the speed limits，youll _.Abe sent into prison Bget no car insuranceChave to pay much money Dbe taken to the police station58We learn from the
8、passage that international students in America _.Aalways drive cars on the left Bcan hardly afford to have their own carsCknow about the rules clearly Dshould pay more attention to the rules59Which car insurance should you get in order to save your money to repair your car?ALiability insurance. BThe
9、ft insurance.CCollision insurance. DInjury insurance.56A根据“Speed Limits”中第三、四句的内容可知当你开车行驶在美国的城市里时，最好将车速限制在每小时25英里左右。57C根据“Speed Limits”中最后一句的内容可知如果超速行驶，驾车者须付很重的罚金，保险费用更高，且驾照也会被扣留。58D根据“Driving on the Right”中第二段第二句可推知在美国的外国留学生应该多注意交通规则。59C根据“Insurance”中的“You can also get collision(碰撞) insurance to co
10、ver the cost of fixing your car.”可知，如果你想省下修车的钱，可以办理“碰撞险”。 阅读 (共两节，满分60分)第节 阅渎理解(共25小题；每小题2分，满分50分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将标号为26-50的相应选项字母涂黑。AI remember my math teacher Mr. Young very well. He stood out because the kids made fun of him.He was missing one of his fingers, and always pointed
11、 at students with his middle finger. I was not very good at English and math. No matter how hard I tried, I just could not know why I did not understand what all the other kids found so easy to learn. One day, I was told that if I got one more E on my report card, I would be taken to the “big prison
12、 for kids”. I tried really hard for weeks. I just couldnt understand how to make different parts of numbers into whole things. The day before report cards were to come out, I knew that Mr Young would give me an E, just like he always did. I went to Mr. Young and told him that the orphanage (孤儿院) was
13、 going to send me to the big prison if I got another E on my report card. He told me there was nothing he could do; it would be unfair to the other kids if he gave me a better grade than I had actually earned.I smiled at him and said, “Mr. Young, do you know how the kids make fun of you because your
14、e missing your finger?” He looked at me, moved his mouth to one side and said nothing. “They shouldnt do that to you because you cant help not having a finger, Mr Young. Just like I cant help not being able to learn numbers and stuff like that,” I said. The next day, when I got my report card, I tuc
15、ked it into one of my books. While on the school bus, I opened it: Geography, B+; Mechanical Drawing, C-; English, D-; History, C-; Gym, B+; Art, C; Math, D-.That math grade was the most favorite one I ever received. Because I knew that someone in the world finally understood what it was like for me
16、 to be missing a finger inside my head.26. From the second paragraph we can infer（推断出）that the boy is _ in some subjects.A. mind-blowing（使兴奋的） B. slow-witted C. fun-loving D. badly-behaved27. Where may the boy live according to the passage? A. In an orphanage. B. In a big prison. C. In the school do
17、rmitory. D. In his home.28. What grade should the boy have got in the math test this time?A. D-. B. C. C. B+. D. E.29. The underlined word “tucked” in the passage most probably means “_”.A. stuck B. listed C. hid D. copied30. The reason why the boy remembers Mr Young is that _.A. he missed one of hi
18、s fingers B. he treated his students very wellC. he understood the boy D. he taught his students in a special way In the fall of 1985. I was a bright-eyed girl heading off to Howard University, aiming at a legal career and dreaming of sitting on a Supreme Court bench somewhere. Twenty-one years late
19、r I am still a bright-eyed dreamer and one with quite a different tale to tell. My grandma, an amazing woman, graduated（毕业） from college at the age of 65. She was the first in our family to reach that goal. But one year after I started college, she developed cancer. I made the choice to give up coll
20、ege to care for her. It meant that school and my personal dream would have to wait. Then I got married with another dream: building my family with a combination of adopt（收养）and biological children. In 1999, we adopted our first son. To lay eyes on him was fantastic-and very emotional. A year later c
21、ame our second adopted boy. Then followed son No. 3. In 2003, I gave birth to another boy. You can imagine how fully occupied I became, raising four boys under the age of 81. Our home was a complete zoo-a joyous zoo. Not surprising, I never did make it back to college full-time. But I never gave up
22、on the dream, either. I had only one choice: to find a way. That meant talking as few as one class each semester. The hardest part was feeling guilty about the time I spent away from the boys. They often wanted me to stay home with them. There certainly were times I wanted to quit, but I knew I shou
23、ld set an example for them to follow through the rest of their lives.In 2007, I graduated from the University of North Carolina. It took me over 21 years to get my college degree！I am not special, just single-minded. It always struck me that when youre looking at a big challenge from the outside it
24、looks huge, but when youre in the midst of it, it just seems normal. Everything you want wont arrive in your life on one day. Its a process. Remember：Little steps add up to big dreams.31. When the author went to Howard University, her dream was to be_.A. a writer B. a teacher C. a judge D. a doctor3
25、2. Why did the author leave school in her second year of college?A. She wanted to study by herself. B. She fell in love and got married.C. She suffered from a serious illness. D. She decided to look after her grandma. 33. What can we learn about the author from Paragraphs 4 and 5?A. She was busy yet
26、 happy with her family life.B. She took no notice of her guilty feeling for her sons.C. She wanted to remain a full-time housewife.D. She was too confused to make a correct choice.34. What dose the author mostly want to tell us in the last paragraph?A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Little by
27、little, one goes far.C. Every coin has two sides. D. Well begun, half done.35. Which of the following can best describe the author?A. Caring and determined (有决心的). B. Honest and responsibleC. Ambitious and sensitive D. Innocent and single-minded. The Alps are the youngest and highest mountain system
28、 in Europe.They stretch across the western and southern part of the continent in a broad arc.The mountain range starts near the Mediterranean Sea on the border between France and Italy.Then it curves north and eastward through northern Italy，Switzerland，Liechtenstein，southern Germany，Austria and Slo
29、venia.The Alps are about 1,000 km long，and the broadest section is over 260 km wide.The highest peak，Mont Blanc，situated on the border between France，Italy and Switzerland，rises 4,807 meters above sea level.Other famous peaks are the Monte Rosa，the Matterhorn，the GroBglockner and the Zugspitze.Milli
30、ons of years ago the area of todays Alps was covered by a large sea that separated Europe and Africa.The southern land mass started moving northwards.This movement folded rock layers at the bottom of the sea.Heat and pressure transformed the rock and pushed the_material upwards.Today these regions a
31、re the highest parts of the Alps.Most of the newly formed rock is granite and gneiss，but many ranges consist of limestone which also formed on the seabed.During the Ice Age，which started about a million years ago，the Alps were covered with a thick blanket of snow.Glaciers moved down valleys and made
32、 them wider and deeper.As they moved they took rock and other material with them，creating moraines(冰碛)When glaciers started to melt water filled up behind these natural dams and created the alpine lakes we know today.The largest of these glaciers is the Aletsch in Switzerland which reaches a length
33、of about 25 km.The longest glacier of the eastern Alps is the 8 km long Pasterze，at the foot of the GroBglockner.The ice and snow of the alpine regions helped create the large rivers of today：the Rhine，Rhone，Danube and the Po.60From the first two paragraphs we know the Alps _.Aare about 260 km wideB
34、stretch across the western part of AfricaCare the youngest mountain system in the worldDhave the highest peak 4,807 meters above sea level61What does the underlined phrase “this material” in paragraph 3 refer to?ASea water and rock. BRock that was transformed.CRock layers that were folded. DLimeston
35、e which was on the seabed.62It can be inferred from the passage that the Alps were formed _.Abefore the Ice Age Bduring the Ice AgeCbecause of seas movement Dbecause of glaciers movement63From the passage we know Danube is _.Aa kind of rock Bone of the Alps famous peaksCthe name of a river Done of t
36、he largest glaciers60D由第二段的第二句话可知阿尔卑斯山脉的最高峰勃朗峰海拔4807米。61B根据该句的结构“Heat and pressure transformed the rock and pushed the material upwards.”可知该词语指代前面的the rock，故选B项。62A根据第三、四段的首句，可以推断出阿尔卑斯山脉是在冰河世纪之前形成的，故选A项。63C由文章最后一段可知Danube(多瑙河)是由阿尔卑斯山脉的冰雪融化形成的大河之一。*结束 (2012南京学情调查)There is a boy called Bill in my gym
37、class who has unbearable yellow teeth that almost make everyone feel unpleasant.Recently another boy told Bill that he should have his teeth scaled(刮除牙石)Bill was crushed.If the other boy had been thinking，he would have realized that there is a better way to handle such a situation.He could have deal
38、t with it with tact(得体)He could have showed this hurtful truth in a more careful，sensitive waythats tact.If a person isnt sensitive to anothers feelings，there is no way he or she can be tactful.Yesterday，my 5yearold brother proudly announced that he had cleaned the screen of our television set.Unfor
39、tunately，he used furniture polish，which produced an oily film on the television screen.My mother smiled and thanked him for his efforts and then showed how to clean the screen properly.Her sensitivity enables my brother to keep his selfrespect.Yet，sensitivity alone does not make tact.“Tactfulness” a
40、lso requires “truthfulness”Doctors，for example，must be truthful.If a patient has just been disabled in an accident，a tactful doctor will tell the truth but express it with sensitivity.The doctor may try to give the patient hope by telling him curing techniques under study or about advanced equipment
41、 now available.Doctors must use tact with patients relatives as well.Instead of bluntly saying，“Your husband is disabled，” a doctor might say，“Im sorry，but your husband has lost feeling in his legs and.”Tact should not be confused with trickery.Trickery occurs when a nurse is about to give a patient
42、 an injection(注射) and says，“This wont hurt a bit.”Instead of trickery，the nurse might guarantee the patient that the discomfort of the injection is a small thing compared to the benefits of it.It would also be thoughtful for the nurse to tell the patient about some of these benefits.Tact is a wonder
43、ful skill to have，and tactful people are usually admired and respected.Without tact our society would become an intolerable place to live in.64The underlined word “crushed” in the first paragraph probably means _.Asurprised Bcheated Cregretful Dupset65According to the author，his mother was _ to his
44、brother.Asensitive and tactful Bsensitive but not tactful enoughCtruthful but not tactful enough Dsensitive but tricky66Which of the following is true according to the passage?ATrickery often occurs in hospital. BTactfulness means truthfulness.CWe should be tactful in our society. DNurses are not ho
45、nest to patients.64D第一段主要讲述当另一个男孩让比尔刮除牙石时，比尔对他这种直白的话语感到不高兴。第一段最后一句“He could have showed this hurtful truth.”也是答案提示，故选D项。65A作者的妈妈先感谢了作者的弟弟，然后教他清洗电视屏幕的正确方法，既保住了他的自尊，又让他认识到了自己的错误之处，所以是“同情理解的”和“机智的”故A项正确。66C从最后一段最后一句“Without tact our society would become an intolerable place to live in.”可知答案。*结束 (2012银川
46、一中第四次考试)The common cold is the worlds most widespread illness，which is a plague that man receives.The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold.They are not.They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person.You catch a cold by coming into contact，directly or indirectl
47、y，with someone who already has one.If cold causes colds，it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.But they do not.And in isolated Arctic regions，explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by
48、 way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.During the First World War，soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches，cold and wet，seldom caught colds.In the Second World War，prisoners at Auschwitz concentration camp，naked and starved，were astonished to find that they seldom had colds.At the C
49、ommon Cold Research Unit in England，volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time.After taking hot baths，they put on bathing suits，allowed themselves to be with cold water，and then stood about dripping wet in a r
50、oom.Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion.Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.If then，cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds，why are they more frequent in winter？Despite t
51、he hardest research，no one has yet found out the answer.One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times，and that makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.No one has yet found a cure for the cold.There are drugs and p
52、ainkillers such as aspirin，but all that they do is to relieve the symptoms.67The writer offered _ examples to support his argument.A4 B5 C6 D368Arctic explorers may catch colds when _.Athey work in the isolated Arctic regionsBthey write reports in terribly cold weatherCthey are free from work in the
53、 isolated Arctic regionsD they come into touch with people with colds from the outside world69Volunteers taking part in the experiments in the Common Cold Research Unit _.Asuffered a lot Bnever caught coldsCoften caught colds Dbecame very strong70The passage mainly discusses _.Athe experiments on th
54、e common cold Bthe false belief about the common coldCthe reason why people catch colds Dthe continued spread of the common cold67B通读全文可知，作者共列举了五个例子来证明自己的观点，分别是Eskimos，explorers in isolated Arctic regions，soldiers in the First World War，prisoners at Auschwitz concentration camp和volunteers in experim
55、ents。68D根据第二段的最后一句话中的“.explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world.”可知，探险者若与外界感冒的人接触会感冒。69A根据第五段所举的志愿者的例子可知，这些志愿者为配合实验吃了不少苦。70C第二段的前两句话“The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold.They are not.”是本文的主题句。本文主要阐述的观点是：感冒不是由寒冷引起的，而是由直接或间接接触病毒引起的。*结束*结束