1、Unit 3Under the sea【美文阅读】广袤无垠的海洋，孕育了无数生命传奇，以其独有的神秘吸引着人类对其进行不懈的探索。为此，海洋科学家通常把海洋分为五个区域。现在就让我们一起了解一下吧！The earths oceans can reach depths of up to 11,000 metres.That is deep enough to cover Mt.Qomolangma！The oceans are incredibly(不可思议的)large and contain several different habitats.To make it easier to de
2、scribe the various parts of the oceans，marine(海上的)scientists usually divide the oceans into five zones.Each zone is different mainly as a result of how much sunlight reaches it.Most of the life in the ocean can be found in the first zone，which begins at the surface and goes down about 200 metres.Bec
3、ause there is sunlight at this level，plants are able to grow.Marine animals such as dolphins，sharks，sea turtles and sea lions，and of course a variety of fish，live in the sunlit(阳光普照的)part of the ocean.It is difficult to hide from other animals in this area.The second zone starts at 200 metres and go
4、es down to about 1,000 metres.Some sunlight can reach this level，but it is not enough for plants to grow.Because this zone is relatively dark，many of the creatures that live here are able to make light with their body.The light from these animals makes the water look like a sky with moving stars in
5、it.The third zone of the ocean is dark.This place，about 3,000 metres deep，may not seem a likely habitat，but there are more creatures here than one might think.Most of the animals that live here are black or red because of the lack of light.Below 4,000 metres，the temperature is near freezing and ther
6、e is no light at all.In fact，the zone is so dark and empty that scientists named this zone after the Greek word for “no bottom”There is not much life to be found in this cold and unpleasant part of the ocean，but some small creatures still manage to survive here despite the high water pressure.The ve
7、ry deepest part of the ocean is found 2,000 metres further down.At this depth，the water pressure is extremely high and life is very difficult for the few creatures that live here.Compared to the other zones，this one has very little life.Since there is no light here，some of the animals do not have ey
8、es.Next time you look at the ocean from the beach or on a map，remember that what you are seeing is only the surfaceonly the beginning of the large and varied adventure.【诱思导学】1Why do these animals living in the second zone make the water look like a sky with moving stars in it?_2Do you think it is po
9、ssible for some creatures that live in the very deepest part of the ocean to see each other?_【答案】1.Because many of them are able to make light with their body.2.No.Because there is no light here and some of the animals have no eyes.Period Previewing(教师用书独具)教学目标初步掌握本课文中的词汇，浅层次理解课文，了解相关的背景知识。本课时主要是通过学
10、生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，让学生在下一堂课中对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。教学地位本单元的中心话题是“海底世界”。听说读写等活动主要围绕海底动植物、海底奇妙景观，以及有关大海的神话故事展开。 本单元引导学生讨论这些话题，目的在于让他们了解海底世界的博大与奇妙。从而增强保护海洋和开发利用海洋的意识。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议可以通过讨论教材第19页的图画引导学生了解这些海底动植物。培养学生热爱和保护海洋生物的意识。 教学流程设计导入新课。学生阅读“美文阅读”与“诱思导学”(见学案第34页)。学生就“美文阅读”进行讨论，统一答案。学
11、生再次阅读课文(课本第 2021页)并完成“语篇理解”(见学案第35页)。师生共同讨论并统一答案。让学生快速阅读课文(见课本第 2021 页)并完成“篇章结构”(见学案第35页)。学生共同讨论，并让学生发表各自见解，最后统一答案。学生再次仔细阅读课文(课本第 2021页)进行深度理解，并完成“课文缩写”(见学案第35页)。老师指导学生讨论，共同找出答案。让学生根据所给出的表格进行自我评估(见学案第36页)。学生讨论，并让学生代表发表他们讨论得出的答案。老师予以更正。让学生完成“知识初探”部分(见学案第35页)。老师布置作业，让学生看课本第2021 页并完成课本第21页1、2、3 题，预习学案P
12、eriod (见学案第36页)。.篇章结构阅读文章，然后完成下面表格(每空不超过3词)The main idea of the textI 1._ a scene where Old Tom，the killer whale，helped the whalers catch the huge whales.Time2._Details of the storyOld Tom made a loud noise，3._ us that there was a whale out there for us.We jumped into the boat and headed out into th
13、e bay.Old Tom 4._ us the way.As we approached，the killers over there were throwing themselves 5._ the whales blowhole to stop it 6._，and the others were stopping it diving or 7_ out to sea.One man aimed at the whale and his harpoon hit the spot.The whales body was 8_ by the killers down into the 9_
14、of the sea.We went home and intended to get the whales body the next day.In the following 24 hours，the killers would have a good feed on its 10._.【答案】1.witnessed2.One afternoon3.telling4showed5.on top of6.breathing7.fleeing8dragged9.depths10.lips and tongue.语篇理解阅读P2021的Reading部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案1Wh
15、o first shouted that the killer was coming?AThe writer.BJames.CGeorge.2Which of the following is TRUE?AOld Tom and his friends were helpful to the whalers.BOld Tom was 70 years old.COld Tom never did any favor for the whalers.3Why did the killers throw themselves on top of the whales blowhole?ATo pr
16、otect the whale.BTo help the whale run away.CTo stop the whale breathing.4The whalers returned home without the whales body because _.Ait was too heavy to carryBthey didnt catch the whaleCit wouldnt float up to the surface for around 24 hours5Old Tom helped James by _.Ahugging him in the waterBkeepi
17、ng the shark away from JamesCholding up James in the water【答案】15CACCC.课文缩写用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成课文缩写I had heard of the killers that helped whalers catch huge whales.When I worked at a whaling station，I 1._ it many times.One afternoon，I heard a loud noise coming from the bay.We ran down to the shore 2._ tim
18、e to see an enormous animal throwing itself out of the water.George，one of the whalers，told me that it was Old Tom，the killer，who was telling us theres a whale.Another whaler 3._ out to 4._ a whale hunt.We immediately headed out into the bay，with Old Tom 5._ us the way.Using a telescope we saw that
19、several killers 6._ the whale were throwing themselves on top of the whales blowhole to stop it 7._，while others were stopping it diving or 8._ out to sea.Then the man in the bow of the boat aimed at the whale and killed it.These killers 9._ harmed or attacked people.Once when we were in the bay，the
20、 sea was 10._，for which James was carried away by waves.Worse still，there was a shark.Fortunately，Old Tom rescued James.【答案】1.witnessed2.in3.yelled4.announce5showing6.over7.breathing8.fleeing9.never10.rough.词义搭配1urgeAto jump into the water head first2pause Bto run away；to escape(esp.from danger，thre
21、at etc)3witness Cto strongly recommend or suggest4abandon Dshort stop while doing or saying something5yell Eto be present at sth.and see it6drag Fto give up completely7flee Gto utter a loud sharp cry or cries as of pain，excitement，etc8dive Hto pull(sb./sth.)along with effort and difficulty【答案】1.C2.D
22、3.E4.F5.G6.H7.B8.A.短语填空sort out；help out；ahead of；in the meantime；pack into；even though；wash off；point towards1There were three women waiting _ him in the queue.2Jane is _ her friend by lending him her car.3John _ a house，saying that was his home.4Ill need time to _ the office staffthey are hopeless
23、ly disorganized at the moment.5He got the first prize；_，he broke the records.6These clothes wont be all _ one suitcase.【答案】1.ahead of2.helping out3.pointed towards4sort out5.in the meantime6.packed into.句型背诵1A few minutes later，there was no Tom，so George started beating the water with his oar and th
24、ere was Tom，circling back to the boat，leading us to the hunt again.几分钟之后，汤姆不见了，于是乔治开始用桨拍打水面。汤姆出现了，转回到船边，又领着我们前往捕猎处。2As we drew closer，I could see a whale being_attacked by a pack of about six other killers.走近一看，原来是一头大鲸受到约六七条虎鲸的攻击。3“.And those others are stopping it diving or fleeingout to sea，” Geor
25、ge told me，pointing towards the hunt.“而其他那些虎鲸则阻止它潜水或逃跑。”乔治一边指着捕猎的场景，一边告诉我。4It_took_over_half_an_hour_to_get the boat back to James，.我们花了半个多小时才把船头调向詹姆斯，Period Warming Up & Reading(教师用书独具)教学目标1熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。2通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语。3通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练运用这些词汇。4通
26、过对本课文的理解，让学生学会用英语写投诉信类的文章，以提高学生的书面表达能力。教学地位单词的词性和词意变化万千，用法多变。在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确运用英语单词和短语是英语学习的关键所在。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议 Have you heard of the story that the killer whale helped whalers catch huge whales？Shall we protect whales when they are endangered? Now I want to ask to describe what is a killer wh
27、ales like.教学流程设计老师检查上堂课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。导入新课。让学生就“课堂互动探究”(见学案第36页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。让学生再次阅读课文(课本第 2021页)，以加深对所学单词与短语的理解。老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。让学生完成“自我评估”(见学案第40页)。布置作业。让学生完成课本第21页第1、2、3题和“课时作业”，预习Period (见学案第40页)。1witness vt.当场见
28、到；目击 n目击者；证人；证据I thought，at the time，that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times.(教材P20)当时我以为这只是个故事，但是后来我亲眼见证过多次。Chinas rapid development in the last years has witnessed a powerful and prosperous country.中国近几年的快速发展见证了中国是一个强大繁荣的国家。I was a witness to their quarrel.我是
29、他们吵架时的目击者。witness to.(to为介词)证实，证明witness for为作证be witnessed by由证明be a witness to是的证据/证人bear/give witness to做的证人，为作证in witness of作为的证据In the past the sea level was much higher，as is witnessed by remnants of raised beaches.过去海平面要高得多，这些高出来的海岸遗迹可以作证。New Yorks grand buildings bear witness to the citys ma
30、gnificent past.纽约的雄伟建筑是该城市过去辉煌的见证。【助记】一语言尽witnessThe witness who witnessed the accident gave witness to the police and promised to be a witness.这个目击了这场事故的目击者向警察提交了证据并且答应做证人。完成句子Several people said they _(目击了这个袭击事件)His good health is _(就是这种疗法成功的证明)He witnessed _(看见那个人被杀了)【答案】had witnessed the attack/
31、were witnesses to the attacka witness to the success of the treatmentto having seen the man killed2accommodation n住所；住宿；和解On the afternoon I arrived at the station，as I was sorting out my accommodation，I heard a loud noise coming from the bay.(教材P20)有一天下午我来到捕鲸站，正在找住处的时候，我听到从海湾那边传来一阵喧闹声。Please make y
32、our own arrangements for accommodation.请自行安排住宿。They reached an accommodation with neighbouring countries.他们同邻国和解了。make/offer accommodations for为提供食宿arrange sb.s accommodation给某人安排住处accommodate vt.向提供住处(或食宿)；容纳，招待住宿；供应，供给；使适应，使适合，调节适应accommodate sb.with向提供accommodateThe travel agency has arranged our
33、 accommodations.旅行社已为我们安排了住宿。I quickly needed to accommodate to the new schedule.我需要迅速适应新的时间表。【对接高考】(2010湖北高考)After the earthquake，the first thing the local government did was to provide _ for the homeless families.AaccommodationBoccupationCequipment Dfurniture【解析】句意：地震后当地政府做的第一件事情是为无家可归的家庭提供住处。acco
34、mmodation住所，住处；occupation占据；equipment设备；furniture家具。根据句意可知选A。【答案】A完成句子非常感谢您为我提供膳宿。Thank you very much for _ me.我借钱给他。I _ him _ money.我们必须使自己适应新的情况。We must _ new conditions.【答案】making accommodations foraccommodated；withaccommodate ourselves to3opposite prep.在对面 adj.相对的；相反的We ran down to the shore in
35、time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.(教材P20)我们及时赶到岸边，看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面，然后又坠落到水里。The bank is opposite the supermarket.银行在超市对面。She hurried away in the opposite direction.她朝着相反的方向匆匆离去。be opposite from 与相反；不相容be opposite to在对面；与相反oppos
36、e vt.反对opposed adj.反对的，不同的be opposed to反对opposing adj.对抗的opposition n反对；反抗Idealism is opposite from materialism.唯心论和唯物论是对立的。His store is opposite to mine.他的店在我的对面。They are all opposed to naming the high school after Martin.他们都反对以马丁的名字命名这所高中。I thought the measures would work，but it had the _ effectmo
37、re rivers being polluted.Abetter BpracticalCopposite Dbasic【解析】句意：我原以为这个措施会起作用，但它却有相反的结果更多的河流被污染。the opposite effect“相反的结果”。符合句意。【答案】C4yell vi大叫；呼喊 n叫声；喊声Another whaler yelled out，“Rushoo.rushoo”(教材P20)另外一位捕鲸人大声喊道，“快走啊走啊”。The crowd yelled encouragement at the players.人群大声叫喊着给运动员加油。She let out a yell
38、 when she saw me.当她看到我时，她大叫了一声。yell at冲大喊yell ones head off大声叫喊yell out大声喊叫yell for help大声呼救let out(give)a yell大喊一声I yelled out in pain.我疼得大声喊叫。选词填空(for，with，at，off)Dont yell _ me.Will you boys stop yelling your heads _ just outside my window?The man is yelling _ help.They yelled _ excitement.【答案】at
39、offforwith5pause vi.& n暂停，停顿Without pausing we jumped into the boat with the other whalers and headed out into the bay.一刻不停地，我们和其他捕鲸人都跳进渔船，朝海湾方向驶去。He paused for breath and then continued climbing.他停下来喘了口气，然后继续爬山。We worked for four hours without a pause.我们连续工作了四个小时。pause to do sth.停下来去做某事pause for停下来
40、为give sb.pause(for thought)让某人停下来(仔细思考)/without pause不停She paused her video to answer the phone.她停下录像机去接电话。After a brief pause，they continued climbing.他们略停了一下就继续爬山。英汉互译His reply was delivered with scarcely a pause for breath._她在门口驻足片刻，然后离开了。_【答案】他的回答一气呵成，几乎没有停顿。She paused at the door and then left.6
41、flee vi.逃避；逃跑vt.逃离And those others are stopping it diving or fleeing out to sea，.(教材P20)而其他那些(虎鲸)则阻止它潜水或逃到海里去，Tom was lucky to flee the burning hotel.汤姆很幸运地逃出了失火的旅馆。flee(from) 从逃跑flee to/into逃到flee in all directions/every direction四处逃窜flee the responsibility逃避责任He fled to London after an argument wi
42、th his family.他与家人争吵后离家去了伦敦。flee/escapeflee作“逃跑”讲时可作及物和不及物动词，指因害怕会有危险而逃离某地，重点在动作本身。escape作“逃跑”讲时为不及物动词，指从监禁、不愉快或危险处境中逃脱，重点在结果。用flee/escape的适当形式填空The enemy soldiers were _in all directions，but few of them could _.【答案】fleeing；escape7Within a moment or two，its body was dragged swiftly by the killers do
43、wn into the depths of the sea.(教材P20)过了片刻，鲸的尸体就被虎鲸们迅速拖向深海中去了。(1)drag vt.拖；拉；扯He grabbed her and dragged her away.他抓住她，把她拖走了。The horse was dragging a heavy load.马拖着重载。drag down使健康情况变坏；使道德水平或社会地位下降drag away拖走drag up提起(不愿回忆或谈论的事)drag out拖出来；(使)拖延drag on(使拖延)；延长(声调、字眼等)If he fails，hell drag us all down
44、with him.要是他失败了，他会使我们大家连同他一起毁掉的。pull/draw/dragpull“拉”，普通用词，指“用力拉”，当不强调力的大小时，与push相对。Help me move the piano over there；you push and I will pull.帮我把那儿的钢琴搬过来，你用力推，我来拉。draw与pull意思相近，不表力度、强度如何，通常指“拖、拉”的动作，比pull更均匀、平稳、从容。After some time，he began to draw the net in.过了一些时候，他开始收网。drag指艰难而缓慢地“拖、拉”笨重的东西，含“费力和用
45、劲”之意。She dragged her child to the dentists.她强拉她的孩子到牙科诊所去。【助记】完成句子他挣扎着起了床。He _ himself _ bed.聚会太开心了，我舍不得离开。The party was so good that I couldnt _ myself _.【答案】drags；out ofdrag；away用drag，draw和pull的适当形式填空My brother _ a heavy box out of a cupboard.They _ hard，but the big rock remained immovable.Please _
46、 the curtain across the window.【答案】draggedpulleddraw(2)depth n深；深度；深处Whats the depth of this lake？这个湖有多深？The person has great depth.这个人很有内涵。in depth全面；深入；详细beyond/out of ones depth不能理解；力所不及from the depth of the mind从心底里；真心地at a depth of.在的深度in the depth(s) of在正中；在深处Can you tell us the accident in de
47、pth?你能详细地给我们描述那次事故吗？The new theory is totally out of my depth.我完全理解不了这项新理论。【教师备课资源】注意体会下列词的变化及词性：deep(adj.)depth(n.)deepen(v.)high(adj.)height(n.)heighten(v.)wide(adj.)width(n.)widen(v.)long(adj.)length(n.)lengthen(v.)strong(adj.)strength(n.)strengthen(v.)完成句子I havent read the report _(详细地)yet.This
48、kind of fish lives _(海洋深处)【答案】in depthin the depths of the sea单项填空Water was found _ a depth of 50 meters.Adown BatCto Din【解析】at a depth of.“在的深度”，to a depth of.“到达深的地方”。【答案】B8urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策 n强烈的欲望；冲动“Man overboard！Turn the boat around！”urged George，shouting loudly.(教材P20)乔治大声催促道：“有人落水了！把船头调回去！”T
49、hey urged us to go at once.他们催促我们马上去。I have a sudden urge to go to the countryside.我突然想到乡下去一趟。urge sb.to do sth.催促某人做某事urge sth.on/upon sb.urge on/upon sb.sth.向某人极力陈述某事urge sb.into doing sth.催促/力劝某人做某事urge that.(should) 动词原形 催促；极力主张have an urge to do sth.有做某事的冲动urgent adj. 紧急的；急迫的urgently adv. 紧急地；急
50、迫地urgency n. 急切；迫切The report urged that all children (should)be taught to swim.这份报告呼吁给所有的儿童教授游泳。The law is in urgent need of reform.这项法律亟待修订。【提示】urge后跟从句时，从句需用虚拟语气，即should动词原形，其中should可省略。与之用法相同的单词可用以下口诀表示：一坚持insist；二命令order，command；三建议suggest，advise，propose；四要求desire，demand，require，request。完成句子The
51、vacation is drawing near and I _ (有去旅游的冲动)On March 11,2011，an extremely big earthquake hit the Northeastern areas of Japan.The disaster area is _(急需援助)【答案】have an urge to travelin urgent need of aid单项填空The captain urged that the mission _ before dark.Amust be finished Bbe finishedCought to be finish
52、ed Dwas finished【解析】urge后跟宾语从句时要用虚拟语气，即(should)do，mission与finish之间为动宾关系，故选B。【答案】B9abandon vt.遗弃；抛弃；放弃；(使)沉湎于 n放任；放纵From Jamess face，I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.(教材P21)从詹姆斯的脸上，我能看出他害怕被我们遗弃。Jackson has abandoned his old car.杰克逊把他那辆旧车扔了。People were shouting and cheering with a
53、bandon.人们兴高采烈，纵情欢呼。abandon sth.放弃某物abandon oneself to沉湎于in/with abandon放肆地；恣意地abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放荡的Nowadays many students abandon themselves to playing computer games.如今，好多学生都沉溺于电脑游戏。He abandoned his wife and children.他遗弃了妻子和孩子。abandon/desert/quit/give upabandon指不得已而遗弃、放弃人或事物。desert强调故意逃避应尽的义务和职责，违
54、背誓言，有责难之意。quit指“放弃，退出，离开”，多指突然或不情愿放弃，也有“中止；离职，辞职”的意思。give up为常用词，多用于口语，与abandon同义。Never desert a friend in need.决不要抛弃有困难的朋友。My father has quit smoking.我父亲已戒烟了。I cant answer that puzzle；I give up.我猜不出这个谜语，我认输了。用abandon，desert，give up或quit的适当形式填空Dont _ yourself to this kind of pleasure.The village was
55、 _ because of the flood.He _ smoking and drinking finally.My daughter _ the idea of going abroad.【答案】abandonabandonedgave up/quitgave up/quit完成句子The young man does nothing but _(沉溺于)pleasure.There was _(一个弃婴)by the road.【答案】abandon himself toan abandoned baby10It_took_over_half_an_hour_to_get the bo
56、at back to James，.(教材P21)我们花了半个多小时才把船头调向詹姆斯，本句中画线部分属于It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.“某人花费一段时间干某事”句型，其中it为形式主语，动词不定式短语为真正的主语。It took the workers one and a half years to build the teaching building.工人们建这座教学楼用了一年半的时间。It takes about two hours to get there from here by bus.乘公共汽车从这儿去那儿花大约两个小时的时间。“某人花费一段
57、时间干某事”的另一种表达方式：sb.spends some time (in) doing sth.sb.spends some time on sth.He spent three years (in) learning English in England.他花了三年的时间在英国学英语。I spent two days on the case.做这个案子花了我两天的时间。完成句子他花很多时间看电视。He _ TV.步行上学要花我半个小时。It _ school on foot.【答案】spends a lot of time (in) watchingtakes me half an ho
58、ur to go to11help(.)out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难What evidence was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out？(教材P21)有什么证据能说明老汤姆帮助捕鲸者摆脱险境？Nobody helped me out when I lost my job.在我失业的时候没人帮助我。He often helps his mother out with the housework.他经常帮助妈妈做家务。help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事cant he
59、lp but do sth.不得不做某事cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事cannot help (to) do sth.不能帮忙做某事help oneself to sth.随便取；随便用My sister often helps me with my English.我姐姐经常帮我学英语。I cannot help but admire his courage，strength and competence.我不得不赞赏他的勇敢、力量和能力。She could not help laughing.她禁不住笑了起来。用help的相关短语完成句子Please_(随便吃)som
60、e fish.She _(忍不住哭了)hearing the sad news.My sister often _(帮我学数学)I _(不能不认为)he is lying，so I _(不能帮忙做)it.【答案】help yourself tocouldnt help cryinghelps me with/(to) study my mathscant help but think；cant help (to) doPeriod Learning about Language(教师用书独具)教学目标1熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。2通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理
61、解和使用这些单词和短语。3通过对语法的教学，让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，能够熟练掌握 ving 形式的被动式的用法。教学地位语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生一些相关例子，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。教学流程设计老师检查上堂课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。导入新课。让学生就“要点讲练(见学案第40页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。让学生讨论完成“语
62、法精析”部分(见学案第41页)并让各个讨论组发表各自见解。老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。老师对语法部分给予点拨。让学生掌握本单元语法知识。让学生完成“当堂双基达标”(见学案第41页)。师生共同讨论“当堂双基达标”并给出答案，并对难以理解的或有争议的地方给出详解。布置作业。让学生完成课本第23页1、2、3题，预习学案Period (见学案第42页)。自我评估(见学案第42页)。target n目标；靶；受批评的对象First，not only target fish are caugh
63、t in the net，but many other sea animals are found hanging there.(教材P23)首先，不仅仅要捕的鱼被困在网内，许多别的海洋动物也被发现挂在网上。My suggestion became the target of criticism.我的建议成了批评的对象。meet a target达到目标set a target设定目标aim at the target瞄准目标hit/miss the target中/脱靶target vt.把当做批评对象；以为攻击目标；把对准target sth.on/at 把对准He missed the
64、target somehow.不知怎么地他脱靶了。The campaign is clearly targeted at the young.这个宣传计划是针对青年人的。完成句子They have _(设定目标)of developing 200 new members.Not many provinces will_(实现他们的目标)for energy conservation.The magazine _(以年轻女性作为对象)【答案】set a targetmeet their targetstargets young women单项填空The school advisers help
65、you talk through your problems but they dont give you any direct _.AsolutionBtargetCmeasure Dfunction【解析】考查名词词义。solution“解决，解答”；target“目标；靶子”；measure“措施”；function“功能”。由句意可知A项正确。【答案】A观察下列从Reading中选取的句子。体会动词ing的被动形式1I had already heard that George didnt like being_kept_waiting，so even though I didnt h
66、ave the right clothes on，I raced after him.2As we drew closer，I could see a whale being_attacked by a pack of about six other killers.3Being_badly_wounded，the whale soon died.4I could see he was terrified of being_abandoned by us.5It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James，and when we a
67、pproached him，I saw James being_firmly_held_up in the water by Old Tom.自我总结当动词ing形式的逻辑主语是动作的_时就要用动词ing形式的被动语态，它的常见形式是_。【答案】承受者；being done复习动词ing的被动形式一、动词ing被动形式的构成、用法形式用法一般式being done被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生完成式having beendone被动的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前He could not bear being made fun of like that.他受不了人家那样
68、开他的玩笑。Having been invited，Mr.Li went there to give a speech though he was busy.李先生受邀去那儿作演讲，尽管很忙，但他还是去了。二、动词ing被动形式的句法功能1作主语Being punished by the headmaster made Jim unhappy.受到校长的惩罚使吉姆很不高兴。2作宾语I dont like being laughed at in public.我不喜欢当众被人嘲笑。3作表语What made his parents happy was his being admitted to
69、a famous university.让他父母高兴的是他被名牌大学录取了。4作宾语补足语I saw him being taken away by the police.我看见他被警察带走了。5作定语The World Cup being held in South Africa attracts the eyes from every corner of the world.正在南非举行的世界杯吸引了世界各地的注意力。6作状语Being repaired now，the car cant be used.因为正在修理，所以车现在不能用。三、动词ing被动形式的否定形式在其前加notHe w
70、as unhappy for not having been invited to the party.没有被邀请参加聚会，他感到很不高兴。Not having made preparations，they failed.因为没有准备，他们失败了。四、动词ing的主动形式表达被动意义1在deserve，need，require，want等词之后，总是用动词ing的主动形式表达被动意义，相当于“to be过去分词”。The radio needs repairing.The radio needs to be repaired.这台收音机需要修理了。2be worth后也常跟动词ing的主动形式
71、表达被动意义。The book is worth reading again.The book is worthy of being read again.The book is worthy to be read again.这本书值得再读一遍。.单项填空1(2013江苏高考)Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _ to ruins，the city took on a new look.AreducingBreducedCbeing reduced Dhaving reduced【解析】句意：在遭受大地震，沦为废墟之后
72、不久，这座城市就呈现出了新的面貌。shortly after在之后不久，引导时间状语。after在此可视为介词，后接动名词作其宾语。根据短语reduce the city to ruins(使城市沦为废墟)可知，逻辑主语the city与reduce构成被动关系，排除A、D两项；而and连接两个并列成分，根据suffering from a massive earthquake and _ to ruins中suffering的形式，可确定答案为being reduced。【答案】C2_ many times，he finally understood it.ATold BTellingCHa
73、ving told DHaving been told【解析】句意：说过很多遍后他才理解。tell与主语之间的关系是被动和完成的关系，所以用having been done 来表示被动和完成。【答案】D3I still remember_to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.Ato take Bto be takenCtaking Dbeing taken【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。remember后接v.ing形式作宾语时，表示非谓语动词的动作已经发生过了；后接动词不定式作宾语时，表示动作还未发生。根据后文的saw可知此处非谓语动词的动作已经发生
74、过，且与主语I是被动关系，所以应该使用v.ing形式的被动结构。【答案】D4I saw her_to write by her mother.Abeing taught Bhaving taughtCto be taught Dhaving been taught【解析】句意：我看见她妈妈正在教她写字。see sb.doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，为固定搭配；且此处是“被教”，故选A项。【答案】A5Research_out by several experts suggests that the oil spill in the Gulf has caused the fatal
75、damage to the environment.Ato carry BcarryingCbeing carried Dhaving carried【解析】句意：由几位专家正在进行的研究表明海湾石油泄露已对周围环境造成了致命损害。现在分词短语的被动式being carried out在此作定语，修饰research，carry out与research为动宾关系。【答案】C6_to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film.AHaving been asked BTo askCHaving asked DTo be asked【
76、解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我那天晚上因为被要求加班而错过了一场精彩的电影。非谓语动词和逻辑主语I之间是被动关系，且所表达的动作发生在谓语动词missed之前，故应用现在分词的完成被动形式。having been asked既表被动，又表完成，在句中作原因状语；to ask表主动和目的；having asked表完成和主动；to be asked表被动和目的。故选A。【答案】A7_ around the Tianan men Square，the tourists from Iceland were taken to visit the Palace Museum.AShowing BHavi
77、ng shownCBeing shown DHaving been shown【解析】句意：被领着参观了天安门广场以后，这些来自冰岛的游客又被带去参观故宫博物院。tourists与show之间为动宾关系，且show这一动作发生在take之前，故用现在分词的完成被动式。【答案】D8_ the programme，they have to stay there for another two weeks.ANot completing BNot completedCNot having completed DHaving not completed【解析】句意：由于没有完成这一项目，他们不得不再在
78、那里待上两周的时间。分词的否定式是在分词前加not，complete这一动作发生在句子谓语动词表示的动作之前，故选C。【答案】C9She doesnt like Mrs.Smith，so she always avoids _ with her.Ato leave alone Bbeing left aloneCbeing left behind Dto be left alone【解析】句意：她不喜欢史密斯夫人，因此她总是避免单独留下和她在一起。avoid后跟v.ing形式作宾语，且she与leave alone之间为动宾关系，故选B。选项C与句意不符。【答案】B10Shanghai is
79、the first city in the world _ a highspeed Maglev train，from the city to Pudong Airport.Ato build Bto be builtCto have built Dto have been built【解析】句意：上海是世界上第一个建高速磁悬浮列车的城市，从上海到浦东机场。动词不定式作定语，该事已发生，故要用不定式的完成式。【答案】C.用括号里所给动词的适当形式填空1I still remember _(take)to Paris when I was ten.2_(show)around the lab，w
80、e were taken to the library.3Afraid of _(attack)by sharks，people dare not go swimming in the sea.4The bridge _(build)now will be completed in two weeks.5The little girl was really terrified of _(leave)alone in that dark house.6What worried the child most was his _(not allow)to visit his mother in th
81、e hospital.7While were developing industry and agriculture，we must prevent the earth _(pollute)8She is busy in _(do)her homework.9_(expose)to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.10It is fun _(take)to see the Water Cube and the Birds Nest.【答案】1.being taken2.Having been shown3.being a
82、ttacked4.being built5.being left6.not being allowed7.being polluted8.doing9.Being exposed10.being takenPeriod Using Language(教师用书独具)教学目标掌握本课文中的词汇，理解课文，熟练掌握用英语表达 “责备和抱怨”的用法，了解“海底世界、海洋生物”并就“海底世界”的话题进行英语表达。1掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。2理解课文。3听懂课文中所给出的听力材料。4能够根据课文中所提出的问题，发表自己的看法和给出学生认为合理的建议。5掌握投诉信的写作技巧。教学地位
83、本课时的内容是作者的一次海底漫游，给我们展示了一个奇妙的海底世界，让我们看到了多姿多彩的海洋生物。目的在于激发学生探索海洋和保护海洋的意识。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议海底世界比我们想象的更加丰富多彩， 并且与我们的生活密切相关，那么同学们对海底世界有多少了解呢？ 下面我们就通过对本文的学习，进一步了解一下海底世界的情况。教学流程设计检查上节课所布置作业。导入新课。学生快速阅读课文(见课本第24页)并根据学案所设置的问题做出判断。学生共同讨论。师生统一答案。让学生再次仔细阅读课文，并完成学案中“课前自主导学”部分(见学案第42页)。学生就学案中的问题相互交换意见。老师指导学生统一答案。学生完成
84、“要点讲练”部分(见学案第43页)。学生共同讨论，并让学生发表各自见解，最后统一答案。学生完成“情景交际”部分(见学案第45页)。自我评估(见学案第46页)。学生完成“写作提升”部分(见学案第46页)。老师指导学生共同找出答案。讲解本单元交际话题，并从高考命题角度来分析本交际话题。让学生做“课时作业”。老师布置作业：让学生课下做“单元归纳提升”部分(见学案第47页)和Workbook 第63页Using words and Expressions第1、2、3题，第64页 Using structures第1、2题。.判断正误阅读P24课文，判断正(T)误(F)1The corals were
85、fantasticthey were shaped like various things，such as fans，plates，mushrooms and so on.()2The fish seemed to welcome the authors swimming among them.()3There were some big fish that cleaned the bodies of smaller fish.()4The author liked to get close to eels with strong sharp teeth.()5Although the sha
86、rks were not dangerous，the author still felt scared to death for a moment.()6Compared to the ocean，a human being is nothing but a tiny spot.()【答案】1.T2.F3.F4.F5.T6.T.语篇理解阅读P24课文，选择最佳答案1The writer first became aware of _.Aall the animals that he sawBall the vivid colours surrounding himCall the pictur
87、es he took2The corals were fantastic because of _.Aits different shapesBits different coloursCits beautiful voices3What astonished the writer was that the small fish _.Acould eat sharksBdared to get inside the mouths of larger fish to clean their teethCfeared no animals in the sea4What was hanging u
88、pside down in the sea according to the text?AThe orange and white anemonefish.BThe yellowspotted red seaslug.CThe yellow and green parrotfish.5In the diary，the author mainly wants to tell us that _.Awhat he saw in the seaBhow the fish eat in the seaCthe vivid colors in the sea【答案】15BABCA1Im sitting
89、in the warm night air with_a_cold_drink_in_my_hand and reflecting on the daya day of pure magic！(教材P24)我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的故事这真是神奇的一天！(1)本句中画线部分为“with复合结构”，即“with宾语宾补”；其中a cold drink为宾语，in my hand为宾补；该结构在句中作伴随状语。with复合结构在句中常作状语和定语。Who is the woman with a baby in her arms?怀里抱着小孩的那个妇女是谁？The teach
90、er came in with some papers in his hand.老师进来了，手里拿着一些试卷。with宾语She likes to sleep with the window open.她爱开着窗户睡觉。We lived in a village with a river around.我们住在一个村子里，村外有条小河流过。With nothing to do，he went out for a walk.由于没有什么事要做，他便到外边去散步。【提示】当分词作宾语补足语时，若分词与前面的宾语之间为主谓关系，用现在分词；若为动宾关系，用过去分词。With the problem
91、settled，we went on smoothly.由于问题得到解决，我们进展顺利。With a local guide leading the way，we got there easily.由当地向导领路，我们很容易到了那儿。完成句子Hes used to sleeping_(睁着眼睛)_(汤姆走了)，weve got more room._(任务完成了)，they went home separately._(如果有志愿者引导我们)，well go on a tour of the city easily.【答案】with his eyes openWith Tom awayWith
92、 their task finishedWith a volunteer to guide us(2)reflect vi.思考 vt.映射；反射；思考Lucy sat reflecting on how much had changed since she had bought the shop.露西坐着，在思考自从她买下这个商店以来发生了多少变化。Can you see the trees reflected in the window?你看到窗上映出的树影么？reflect sb./sth.in sth.(指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像reflect sth.from sth.从某物(表面
93、)反射(光、热、声等)reflect on/upon sth.思考某事reflection n反射；反照；反映；映像；沉思，深思be lost in reflection 陷入沉思中I reflected on possible reasons for my failure.我仔细思索导致我失败的可能原因。She was lost in reflection on her future.她为自己的未来而陷入深思之中。【助记】三图巧解“reflect”【对接高考】(2010湖北高考)Just as the clothes a person wears，the food he eats and t
94、he friends with whom he spends his time，his house _ his personality.AresemblesBstrengthensCreflects Dshapes【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如一个人穿的、吃的以及和他一起玩的朋友一样，他的房子也能反映出他的个性。resemble相似；strengthen加强；reflect反映；shape形成。由句意可知C项正确。【答案】C完成句子The mountains_(倒映在)the still water of the lake.A mans action _(反映出他的思想)【答案】are
95、reflected inreflects his thoughts2The first thing I became_aware_of was all the vivid colours surrounding mepurples，reds，oranges，yellows，blues and greens.(教材P24)我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色。(1)be/become aware of对知道，明白；意识到He wasnt aware of the danger.他没有察觉到危险。be/become aware of 对知道；明白；意识到be/be
96、come aware that.知道/体会到as/so far as I am aware 据我所知awareness n. 意识；知道unaware adj. 未意识到的；不知道的Are you aware that you have hurt her feeling?你有没有察觉到你已经伤害她的感情了？There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍意识到吸烟有害健康。The public _ of the environmental problem will make the government take it seri
97、ously.Aexistence BrevolutionCawareness Devidence【解析】句意：公众对环境问题的了解将使得政府认真对待这一问题。existence存在；revolution革命；awareness意识；evidence证据。结合句意可知选C。【答案】C(2)vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的；丰富的This is a vivid picture of life in the fields.这是田野生活的生动写照。She was wearing vivid green dress for the party.她身穿鲜艳的绿色连衣裙参加晚会。He gave a
98、 vivid description of this event as if he were there.他生动地描述了这个事件，好像他当时在场。vividly adv.生动地vividness n生动；逼真Steves description of the place was so _ that I could almost picture it in my mind.Abitter BvividCsensitive Dcourageous【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：Steve把那个地方描述得如此生动，以至于我差不多在脑海里把它想象出来了。注意picture在句中作动词，意为“想象”。bi
99、tter有苦味的，辛酸的；vivid生动的，栩栩如生的；sensitive敏感的，灵敏的；courageous勇敢的。根据语意可知B项正确。【答案】BTo be an inventor，one needs profound knowledge as well as a very _ imagination.Avivid BbrightCliving Dcolourful【解析】句意：要成为一个发明家，一个人需要丰富的想象力和渊博的知识。本题应选答案A。vivid意为“活跃的，生动的”，常用于修饰imagination，是很地道的英语。living是“活着的”意思，colourful意为“多彩的
100、”，与vivid相比，都不是符合习惯用法的搭配。【答案】A3narrow adj.狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的.as I explored small caves，shelves and narrow passages.(教材P24)当我探索小石洞、暗礁和狭窄通道的时候The road was too narrow for cars to pass.路太窄了，车辆过不去。He only had a narrow circle of friends then.那时他只有有限的几个朋友。He has a narrow mind.他心胸狭窄。a narrow escape九死一生a narrow vict
101、ory险胜a narrow majority微弱的多数a narrow defeat勉强击败narrowminded心胸狭窄的in a narrow sense在狭义上narrow vt.使变窄，使缩小narrow down缩小的范围narrowly adv.勉强地；狭隘地；小心地narrows n海峡；江峡；(江河等)狭窄处The children have a narrow escape in the earthquake.这些孩子们在地震中幸免于难。The car narrowly missed a cyclist.汽车差点儿撞上一位骑自行车的人。The final score of t
102、he basketball match was 9394.We were only _ beaten.Anearly BslightlyCnarrowly Dlightly【解析】本题考查副词的意义与用法。句意：这场篮球赛的最终比分为9394，我们只是以微弱的劣势落败。nearly“几乎，差不多，将近”；slightly“轻微地”，常用来表示程度；lightly“轻轻地，轻微地”，均不符合题意。narrowly“勉强地”，符合句意。【答案】C4upside down 上下翻转.the yellow and green parrotfish was hanging upside down，and
103、 sucking tiny plants off the coral with its hard birdlike mouth.(教材P24)黄绿相间的鹦嘴鱼倒挂着，用它那像鸟嘴一样的硬嘴从珊瑚上吸吮微小的植物The naughty child is always turning everything in the room upside down.这个淘气的孩子老是把房间的东西搞得乱七八糟。turn.upside down把弄得乱七八糟inside out 里外颠倒He wore the sweatshirt inside out.他把运动衫穿反了。Everything in the roo
104、m was turned upside down.室内的一切都被弄得乱七八糟。完成句子把蛋糕翻过来，再抹上奶油。_ and cover it with cream.(turn)我的生活被这场疾病弄得乱七八糟。My life _ by the disease.(turn)【答案】Turn the cake upside downhas been turned upside down5sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的adv.准时地；(时刻)整There were other creatures that I didnt want to get too close toan eel wit
105、h its strong sharp teeth，with only its head showing from a hole，watching for a tasty fish(or my tasty toe！).(教材P24)还有一些其他的动物，我不想太靠近它们一条带有坚固锋利牙齿的鳗鱼，只是把头从石洞里伸出来，望着可供美餐的鱼过来(或者在等着我美味的脚趾伸过去)The sword is very sharp.这把剑很锋利。Its very sharp of you to see that.你能看到那一点，很有洞察力。He got home at seven sharp.他在7点整到家。s
106、harpen vt.磨快；使锐利sharpener n磨具；卷笔刀sharply adv.锐利地；严厉地；苛刻地【助记】If your pencil isnt sharp，you need a pencil sharpener to sharpen it.如果你的铅笔不够尖的话，你需要一个卷笔刀削一削它。【教师备课资源】在有些形容词的前面或后面加en可以变为动词。如：large大enlarge使变大；扩大rich富的enrich使变富soft软的soften使软化hard硬的harden硬化【对接高考】(2011福建高考)Nowadays，there is a _ increase in ch
107、ildrens creativity，for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.Asharp BslightCnatural Dmodest【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，孩子的创造性有明显的增长，因为他们被大大地鼓励发展他们的才能。sharp锋利的，突然的，灵敏的，明显的；slight轻微的，微小的；natural自然的；modest谦虚的。由句意知选A。【答案】A完成句子让孩子手拿锋利的刀子是很危险的。Its dangerous for a child to hold _.她脑子敏捷，口齿伶俐。She has
108、got a _ and _.【答案】a sharp knifesharp mind；a sharp tongue6Then there were two grey reef sharks，each_about_one_and_a_half_metres_long，which suddenly appeared from behind some coral.(教材P24)然后有两条约1.5米长的灰色的珊瑚鲨突然从珊瑚礁后面游了出来。句中画线部分为“独立主格结构”，独立主格结构在句中常作状语。名词/代词形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式。实际上，独立主格结构和with复合结构的
109、构成相似，with复合结构中去掉with，一般情况下就成了独立主格结构。独立主格结构只能作状语，而with复合结构除作状语外，还可作定语。The meeting over，we all went home.会议结束后，我们都回家了。The old man sat in the sofa，his face serious.老人坐在沙发上，面容严肃。Time permitting，wed better have a rest this weekend.如果时间允许，我们本周末最好休息一下。(2013泰安高二质检)The thief fell to the ground，his left foot_
110、and blood_down from his mouth.Abreaking；running Bbroken；runningCbreaking；run Dbroken；run【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：小偷摔在地上，摔伤了左脚，血从他的嘴里流了出来。foot和break之间是动宾关系，故第一空用过去分词；blood和run是主谓关系，故第二空用现在分词。【答案】BThe children went home from the grammar school，their lessons_for the day.Afinishing BfinishedChad finished Dwere f
111、inished【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：一天的课程结束后，孩子们从文法学校回家了。finish与their lessons之间是动宾关系，且此处表示动作已完成，所以用过去分词短语。【答案】B7scare vt.恐吓 vi.受惊吓 n惊恐I told myself they werent dangerous but that didnt stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment！(教材P24)我自言自语地说它们并不危险，但是这样一点也不能抑制我那怕得要死的恐惧心情！I didnt mean to scare her.我并没有存心要惊
112、吓她。That car only just missed meit gave me a real scare!那辆汽车差一点就撞着我真把我吓了一大跳！He was nearly scared to death by the strange noise.他差点被那奇怪的声音吓死。scare sb.into doing sth.威胁，恐吓(某人做某事)scare sb.off使某人害怕scared adj.害怕的，被吓呆了的be/feel scared to death 吓得要死be scared of sb./sth.(be afraid of sb./sth.)害怕某人/某事be scared
113、 to do sth.(be afraid to do sth.)害怕做某事scaring adj. 令人害怕的；吓人的Some parents try to scare their children into behaving well.有些父母试图用吓唬的法子使孩子守规矩。Im scared to fly in a planescared that it might crash.我怕坐飞机因为怕它会坠毁。完成句子Some people _(晕血)Most girls_(害怕一个人出去)at night.The terrible sound _(把她吓得要死)last night.【答案】a
114、re scared of bloodare scared to go out alonescared her to death8The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended，there_was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.(教材P24)海水很浅，但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。本句中画线部分是一个重点句型，即“where.，there be.”，意为“在的地方，就有”。Where the road exists，there are human beings.
115、有路的地方，就有人存在。Where there is water，there is life.有水就有生命。完成句子_(有爱的地方)，there is hope.You will find him _(在需要他的地方)【答案】Where there is lovewhere he is needed表示“责备和抱怨(Blame and complaint)”的常用交际用语有：Im sorry but.对不起Im afraid.我恐怕Thats not good enough.那不够好。Im feeling annoyed with/unhappy about/unsatisfied with.
116、我对感觉很困扰/不高兴/不满意Im not happy about/satisfied with.我对不高兴/不满意。Id like to talk to the manager.我想要和经理谈谈。Id like a (full) refund，please.我想退款。Thats no good for me.那对我不好。You should do something about it.关于这件事你应该做点事。He is to blame.他该受到责备。She blamed him for coming home late.她因为他回家晚而责备他。What do you mean by doi
117、ng so？你这么做什么意思？How could you cheat your teacher?你怎么能欺骗你老师呢？He shouldnt have done it.你不该做这件事。Why didnt you tell me the truth?你为什么不告诉我真相？I hate to have to say this，but its too noisy here.我很讨厌这么说，但这里实在太吵了。完成句子1A：你怎么能做这种傻事呢？A：_ such a foolish thing?B：我真的很抱歉。B：Im really sorry.2A：你就不能严肃点吗？A：_ for once?B：对
118、不起。B：Sorry。3A：我真讨厌等人。A：I really _.B：对不起。刚才我有点急事。B：Im sorry.I had something urgent just now.【答案】1.How can you do2.Cant you be serious3.hate waiting投诉(抱怨)信投诉信也叫抱怨信，是投诉者因对所购买的某种商品或某项服务不能达到自己的要求而向有关部门或个人写的正式信件。在信中要写出自己的不满意之处，也可提供一些解决方案，希望相关部门或个人采取一定的合理措施帮助解决。1投诉信的结构投诉信一般分为三个部分：开头段：提出投诉内容。说明与收件人的关系，点出写作的
119、意图。主体段：说明具体情况。写明投诉的原因、问题的经过及产生的后果。结束段：提出解决办法。表达希望上述问题得到尽快解决的强烈愿望，对于有关人员做出的努力表示感谢，并希望尽快得到满意的答复。2确定文体、时态、人称。(1)文体：投诉信。写投诉信要语气坚定，要证明责任确实在对方；最后要明确问题出在哪儿及你的具体要求，还可说明由此给你带来的不便或伤害，以加强投诉的力量。(2)文体时态：主要使用一般过去时，兼用一般现在时态。(3)文体人称：第一人称3常用表达句型I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a complaint a
120、bout.There are some problems with.that I wish to bring to your attention.I am writing to express my concern/dissatisfaction/disappointment about.To improve the situation/solve the problem，it is advisable for you to take the following measures.I would like to have this matter settled by the end of.We
121、 trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind.Ill be very thankful if you can consider my suggestion.Thank you for your time and kind consideration.假设你是李华，上个星期天去市图书馆看书时发现了一些问题。请根据下列提示，用英语给馆长写一封信，反映情况。1新书太少；2书架上的书比较混乱；3阅览室的一盏灯坏了，桌椅有些
122、也被损坏；4管理员工作时彼此闲聊，读者无法安静看书。注意：1.词数：120150；2可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；3信的开头和结尾已经为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Sir，Last Sunday，I went to do some reading in your library._Yours，Li Hua思路点拨本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手，在开头语先提出投诉内容；第二段反映图书馆的情况，最后一段对读者提出建设或发出倡导。词汇热身1表达某人的看法_2以合适的顺序分类_3集中精力于_4也；又_5尽可能快地_6对有益 _【答案】1.express/voice ones opinion2.sor
123、t.in proper order3.concentrate on4.as well as5.as soon as possible6.benefit/be beneficial to句式温习1因此我想说出自己的意见，希望这会对你管理图书馆有帮助。Therefore，_，hoping it will _ for you to manage the library.2首先，书架上新书很少，而且大多数书在今天已经不受欢迎了。First，there are not _ books on the shelves，and most of them _ today.3第二，一些书并没有按照合适的顺序进行分
124、类，这让读者很难快速找到想要的书。Second，some books are not _，_ for readers to find what they want quickly.4因此，作为一个读者，我建议您尽快作出一些必要的调整，以使图书馆让更多的人受益。So，as a reader，I suggest that you make some necessary changes _ so that the library can benefit more people.【答案】1.Id like to voice my opinion；be of help2.enough new；are n
125、ot popular3.sorted in proper order，making it difficult4.as soon as possible连句成篇_【参考范文】Dear Sir，Last Sunday，I went to do some reading in your library.I found something unpleasant.Therefore，Id like to voice my opinion，hoping it will be of help for you to manage the library.First，there are not enough n
126、ew books on the shelves，and most of them are not popular today.Second，some books are not sorted in proper order，making it difficult for readers to find what they want quickly.Third，the assistants dont offer good service.They are chatting while the readers are reading quietly，which makes it difficult
127、 for readers to concentrate on books.Moreover there is something wrong with one of the lights as well as some desks and chairs.As it is，I am afraid there will be fewer and fewer readers.So，as a reader，I suggest that you make some necessary changes as soon as possible.So that the library can benefit
128、more people.Yours，Li Hua.立体式复习单词A基础单词1_ vt.当场见到；目击 n目击者；证人；证据2_ n住所；住宿3_ prep.在对面 adj.相对的；相反的4_ vi.大叫；呼喊 n叫声；喊声5_ vi.& n暂停；中止6_ n协作；配合7_ vi.& n跳水(的动作)；潜水(的动作)；俯冲8_ vi.(fled，fled)逃避；逃跑 vt.逃离9_ vt.拖；拉；扯10_ n深(度)；深处11_ n一片嘴唇；(容器或洞的)边，口12_ vt.催促；极力主张；驱策13_ n目标；靶；受批评的对象14_ n潮(汐)；潮水；潮流15_ adj.& n灰色(的)16_
129、vt.恐吓 vi.受惊吓17_ adj.浅的；肤浅的；浅显的18_ adj.狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的19_ vt.& vi.吮吸20_ adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的21_ adj.陡峭的22_ n界限；分界线23_ adj.使人敬畏的；令人畏惧的24_ n海豹；封条；印章25_ n养老金；退休金【答案】1.witness2.accommodation3.opposite4yell5.pause6.teamwork7.dive8.flee9.drag10depth11.lip12.urge13.target14.tide15grey16.scare17.shallow18.narrow19.su
130、ck20sharp21.steep22.boundary23.awesome24seal25.pensionB词汇拓展26_adj.每年的；按年度计算的 n年利；年鉴_adv.每年；一年一度地27_ adj.整洁的_ adv.整洁地，灵巧地28_ vt.拖；拉；扯_adj.拖沓的29_ vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃_ adj.被丢弃的30_ vi.思考 vt.映射；反映_ n反映31_ adj.意识到的；知道的_n意识【答案】26.annual；annually27.neat；neatly28.drag；draggy29.abandon；abandoned30.reflect；reflection3
131、1.aware；awareness.递进式回顾短语A短语互译1_ 举起；阻挡2_ 帮助摆脱困境或危难3_ 对知道；意识到4_ 上下翻转5_ 吓得要死6_ sort out7_ race after8_ a pack of9_ bring in10_ in the meantime【答案】1.hold up2.help.out3.be/become aware of4.upside down5.(be) scared to death6.整理；分类；挑出7.追赶8.一群(野兽、飞禽等)9.吸收；引进；赚得10.在此期间；与此同时B用上面词组的适当形式填空11Have you _where you
132、re going to live yet?12The plane turned over and flew _.13It was several minutes before I _ what was happening.14Weve got to _ more business if we want the restaurant to survive.15Organizing the school trip will be a lot of work，so I need some volunteers to _.16I _ at the sound of the yell.【答案】11.so
133、rted out12.upside down13.was aware of14.bring in15.help out16.was scared to death.仿写式活用句型1There were other creatures that I didnt want to get too close toan eel with its strong sharp teeth，with_only_its_head_showing from a hole.【句式仿写】有这么优秀的老师教我们英语，我们没费劲就学得很好。_2It_took_over_half_an_hour_to_get the bo
134、at back to James.【句式仿写】我花了两个多小时才赶到教堂。_3I told myself they werent dangerous but that didnt stop_me_from_feeling scared to death for a moment!【句式仿写】他的老板根本没有办法阻止他出国深造。_4The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended，there_was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.【句式仿写】有污染的地方就有危害。_【答案】1.With such an excellent teacher teaching us English，we had no trouble learning it well.2.It took me more than 2 hours to arrive at the church.3.His boss had no way to stop him from going abroad for further education.4.Where there is pollution，there is harm.