1、2014高考英语阅读理解基础练习（16）及答案第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。A(2012福建四地六校第一次联考)We loved to play hideandseek，and tacklethemanwiththefootball，as well as makebelieve games like cowboys and Indians or cops and robbers.In the world of makebelieve，guns were created b
2、y sticking your thumb straight up and extending your index finger straight out while curling the other three fingers around a makebelieve pistol grip.If someone pointed his“gun”at you and shouted“Bang！”or “Pow！”，you were considered dead and were obligated to fall to the ground immediately without mo
3、ving.One day we were playing cowboys and Indians deep in the mountains.Imagining myself as John Wayne，better known as the Duke，I had my“fiveshooter”out and ready for action.I climbed a huge tree to get a better view of where the “bad guys”were hiding.Climbing six to eight feet off the ground，I notic
4、ed Gary Browning(my cousin)quietly sneaking along，ready to shoot the first thing that moved.I allowed him to move in a little closer before taking aim and shooting；however，I was disturbed by the other side of the tree.Turning to investigate，I found myself staring straight down the index finger of Cu
5、rtis Gibson.“Pow！”he shouted from the ground.Panicked that I was so far up the tree，I began climbing down as fast as I could.“The Duke has been shot in the foot！”I screamed.Remember，I was obligated to fall，but I was eight feet off the ground in a tree！“Bang！”shouted Gary who was now aware of my hidi
6、ng place.“The Duke has been shot in the shoulder！”I screamed as I kept climbing down.“Pow！Pow！”A double shot came from Curtis.“The Duke has been shot twice in the calf(小腿)！”I squalled，nearly reaching the ground.Then as I was dangling from the lowest limb，Curtis and Gary emptied their imaginary ammo(
7、弹药)into me.“Pow！BangBang！Pow！PowPow！Bang！”From just about a foot I finally fell to the ground and announced，“The Duke is dead！”56In the world of cops and robbers，if someone fired at you，_.Ayou were not considered dead Byou need to fall to the groundCyou can climb up the tree Dyou can hide and seek57
8、I was disturbed by the other side of the tree because _.AI wanted to shoot Gary BrowningBGary Browning was ready to shoot meCCurtis Gibson was pointing his“gun”at meDGary Browning was moving towards me58How many times was the author shot before he was dangling from the lowest limb?A2. B3. C4. D5.59T
9、he author didnt fall to the ground because _.Ahe was shot in the foot Bhe was shot in the shoulderChe was too high in the tree Dhe was climbing down56B根据文章第二段内容可得出答案。57C根据文章第四段第一句“Turning to investigate，I found myself staring straight down the index finger of Curtis Gibson.”可知，另一边吉普森用枪指着作者，正准备射击。58C
10、根据文章最后一段可判断加里打了作者一枪，而吉普森打了三枪，所以作者一共被打了四枪。59C根据文章最后一段中的“Remember，I was obligated to fall，but I was eight feet off the ground in a tree！”可判断作者是因为爬得太高而无法倒下。 My friend Paul will never forget his first chemistry teacher. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his class
11、es lively and interesting . And his lessons were not easily forgotten. Paul remembers one of his first lessons from this teacher. After the students were all in the chemistry lab, the teacher brought out three bottles. One was filled with petrol, one with castor oil and one with vinegar. “Now watch
12、carefully, said the teacher. He then filled a cup with some of the petrol, some of the castor oil and some of the vinegar . As the students watched him quietly, he mixed the three together. After that, he held up one of his fingers and showed it to the class. He then dipped it into the cup. After a
13、few seconds he took his finger out. Now watch he said . Remember, you must do everything as I do. He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looking rather pleased. Then he handed the cup around the class of students. Each student dipped a finger into the mixture and sucked it. Instead of s
14、miling, each of them made a face. The mixture tasted terrible. When the cup was at last returned to the teacher, he said sadly, “I m sorry, none of you watched carefully enough. Yes, I sucked a finger, but the finger I put into my mouth was not the one I had dipped into the cup. It was Pauls first i
15、mportant lesson as a student of chemistry and he never forgot it.61. What kind of teacher is he? A. Excellent at teaching. B. Ordinary-looking.C. Strange. D. Funny.62. Why did the teacher ask the students to watch for the second time? A. He wanted to have the students attention. B. He wanted the stu
16、dents to see what he would mix. C. He wanted the students to learn how to do experiments. D. He wanted the students to see that he used different fingers.63. Before the teacher mixed the three kinds of liquids, he told the students to_. A. watch carefully B. tell the names of the liquidsC. be silent
17、 and listen to him carefullyD. take out a notebook and write down everything he would do64. How many fingers did the teacher use during the whole experiment? A. One. B. None. C. Three. D. Two.65. Paul cant forget his first chemistry teacher because _ in the first lesson. A. the teacher was strict an
18、d kind B. the teacher was humorous C. the teacher taught him something very useful D. the teacher was a little man with thick glasses参考答案- AAADC In many countries today, laws protect wildlife. In India the need for such protection was realized centuries ago.About 300 B.C. an Indian writer described
19、forests that were somewhat like national parks today. The killing of game animals was carefully governed. Some animals were fully protected. Within the forest, nobody was allowed to cut trees, burn wood, or trap animals for their furs. Animals that became dangerous to human visitors were trapped or
20、killed outside the park, so that other animals would not become uneasy.The need for wildlife protection is greater now than ever before. About a thousand sorts of animals are in danger of extinction, and the speed at which they are being destroyed has been putting on. With mammals（哺乳类动物）, for exampl
21、e, the speed of extinction is now about one sort every year; from A. D. 1 to 1800, the speed was about one sort every fifty years. Everywhere, men are trying to solve the problem of saving wildlife while caring for the worlds growing population.66This report says that the need for protecting wildlif
22、e_.A. was understood centuries before this timeB. was described by and Indian writer about 2300 years agoC. is met in many countries todayD. is carried out in forests as well as in national parks67The report says that in Indian forests of long ago_.A. hunters were given permits to hunt gameB. only d
23、angerous animals were to be killedC. the killing of game animals was controlledD. no killing of animals was allowed68According to the report, men trying to save wildlife are thinking about_ as well.A. the animals in national parks B. stricter laws against huntingC. the trees in the forests D. the ne
24、eds of people69From the report we can learn _.A. the growth of the worlds population has meant greater danger to wildlifeB. about a thousand sorts of mammals are in danger of extinctionC. the speed of extinction of mammals is lower now than it was from A. D. 1 to 1800D. hunters who kill endangered s
25、orts of animals are seriously punished by law70The word“ extinction” in this report most properly means“_” .A. falling down B. dying outC. growing upD. going away参考答案- ACDAB Teenagers at one German school are learning how to achieve happiness alongside other traditional subjects such as math and lan
26、guages. The class sit in a circle with their eyes shut and they count from one to ten: someone starts, the next voice comes from the far right, a third from the other side. The aim of the game is to listen for an opportunity to shout out the number without clashing (冲突) with another voice or leaving
27、 a pause. On the first try, most of the young Germans try to be first, while a few are too shy to join in, but by the fifth time round, they develop a rhythm (节奏). The message: give other people space but also confidently claim your own. This is a requirement for social well-being(幸福). The Willy Hel
28、lpach School in Heidelberg is the first in the nation to develop a happiness course. It is intended for students preparing for university entrance exams.“The course isnt there to make you happy,” Ernst Fritz-Schubert, the school principal（校长）, warned pupils, “but rather to help you discover the ways
29、 to become happy.” Cooking a meal together is one of the class exercises. Improving body language under the guidance（指导） of two professional actresses is another. The course is taught for three periods a week. Despite the happy subject, the pupils themselves insist it is no laughing matter. “In the
30、first period, we had to each say something positive about another member of the class and about ourselves. No laughing at people,” said Fanny, 17. Research by the school shows it is not the first to start happiness classes: they also exist at some US universities, but are mainly based on positive th
31、inking, using findings from studies of depression（郁闷）. “That would be too one-sided for us. We want to show how delicious food or exercise can help, too,” the principal said.71. Whats the purpose of this passage?A. To introduce the happiness course. B. To describe all the traditional courses.C. To a
32、rouse the readers interest in happiness. D. To help students struggle against being sad.72. The game intended for the students in the 2nd paragraph mainly to .A. give other people opportunity B. practice how to speak in front of peopleC. confidently speak out ones opinions D. equip them with require
33、d social skills73. According to the passage, the happiness course is . A. created by the Willy Hellpach School B. to make all the students happy all the time C. required to be taken by the first year students. D. to help students discover the way to happiness74. It can be inferred from the passage t
34、hat .A. the students self respect can also improve happinessB. the students just took the course as a laughing matterC. the students can certainly become happy after the courseD. the students waste time learning something without value75. What would be the best title of this passage?A. Basic things
35、for happiness B. Having a try to be happyC. Learning how to be happy D. Laughing a lot at school参考答案-阅读： ADDAC(2012皖南八校第一次联考)When middleaged Alex quit his job and made up his mind to become a selfemployed writer，no one could tell for sure whether he would succeed or not.He found a cold storage room
36、in a building，set up a used typewriter and settled down to work.After a year or so，however，Alex began to doubt himself.He found it was difficult to earn his living by selling what he wrote.But Alex determined to put his dream to the testeven though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failur
37、e.This is the shadowland of hope，and anyone with a dream must learn to live there.One day Alex got a call，“We need an assistant，and were paying $6,000 a year.”$6,000 was real money in 1960.It would enable Alex to get a nice apartment，a used car and more.Besides，he could write in his spare time.As th
38、e dollars were dancing in Alexs head，something cleared his senses.He had dreamed of being a writer fulltime.“Thanks，but no，”Alex said firmly and swiftly.“Im going to stick it out and write.”After Alex got off the phone，he pulled out everything he had：two cans of vegetables and 18 cents.Alex put the
39、cans and cents into a paper bag，saying to himself，“Theres everything youve made of yourself so far.Im not sure I ever felt so low.”Finally his work was published in 1970.Instantly he had the kind of fame and success that few writers ever experienced.The shadows had turned into focus of attention.The
40、n one day，Alex found a box filled with things he had owned years before.Inside was a paper bag with two cans and 18 cents.Suddenly he pictured himself working in that cold storage room.It reminds Alex，and anyone with a dream，of the courage and persistence(坚毅)it takes to stay the course in the shadow
41、land.60Why did Alex give up his job?ABecause he didnt like the working conditions.BBecause he couldnt earn enough to make a living.CBecause he wanted to be a fulltime writer.DBecause he felt he had no potential in his job.61What did Alex express when he answered the call?AHe refused the job offer. B
42、He was willing to give them a hand.CHe expected them to pay him more money. DHe would write in his spare time.62What kind of person is Alex?ADetermined. BModest. CShy. DHumorous.63Which of the following can summarize the passage best?ALook before you leap.BTwo heads are better than one.CHold on to y
43、our dream，and it will come true.DA bird in hand is worth two in the bush.60C从文章第一段的第一句判断选C项，正是因为他想成为职业作家，亚历克斯才放弃了他的工作。61A从第三段内容可知亚历克斯当时谢绝了对方的邀请，并下定决心要继续写作。62A根据全文尤其是最后一段可知亚历克斯是一个很有决心的人。63C根据全文尤其是第二段和倒数第二段的内容可知C项最能概括文章内容。*结束 (2012河南三市第二次调研)Ma Weidu is the founder and curator(馆长)of Guanfu Museum，which
44、 is the first private museum in China.With mainly Chinese artifacts on exhibition，the museum was founded on Jan.18,1997.It was not wellknown by the public until 2008.On Jan.1,2008，Ma Weidu was invited to be the guest in the flagship CCTV program“Lecture Room”He talked about his museum and more impor
45、tantly，he introduced Chinese artifacts and their underlying historical，cultural significance.In 2009，Ma Weidu initiated Beijing Guanfu Cultural Foundation.Creating a cultural foundation had been Mas dream for many years.Beijing Guanfu Cultural Foundation is committed to spreading Chinese traditional
46、 culture，funding the development of Guanfu Museum，heritage research and conservation projects，building a platform for public culture，promoting and guiding the public in the spirit of“charity & culture sponsorship(赞助)”Guanfu Museum is currently located at No.18 Jinnan Road，Zhangwanfen，Dashanzi，Chaoya
47、ng District，Beijing.But due to the city planning，it has to move.Guanfu Museum，which has experienced relocation for three times，is now looking for a new place.According to Mr Ma，it should be around 20,00030,000 square meters.64According to this passage，which of the following is true?AGuanfu Museum wa
48、s built in 2008.BMa Weidu was invited to lecture by Guanfu Museum.CThe public were attracted by Chinese artifacts on exhibition.DGuanfu Museum，the first private museum in China was founded fifteen years ago.65Guanfu Museum，according to the city government，_.Awill be painted Bhas to hold a new exhibi
49、tionChas to move to a new place Dhas to be enlarged66The proper title of this passage should be“_”AMa and His Museum BMuseumsCCulture Relics DChinese Culture64D根据第一段的第二句可知，观复博物馆建于1997年，距今已有15年了。65C根据第四段的第二句“But due to the city planning，it has to move.”可知，观复博物馆需要搬迁到新的地方。66A通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了马未都和他所创建的观复博物
50、馆的情况。故A项作为本文的标题最合适。*结束 (2012郑州第一次质量预测)Looking for a new weight loss plan？Try living on the top of a mountain.Mountain air contains less oxygen than air at lower altitudes，so breathing it causes the heart to beat faster and the body to burn more energy.Studies have found that athletes training at hig
51、h altitudes tend to lose weight.Doctor Florian Lippl in Germany wondered how the mountain air would affect obese individuals if they werent doing any more physical activity than usual.Lippl and his colleagues invited 20 obese men to an environmental research station about 300 meters below the summit
52、 of Zugspitze，a mountain around 2,970 meters near the Austrian border.This was no hiking expedition.They were allowed to eat as much as they liked.The men also gave blood so that researchers could test for hormones(荷尔蒙)linked to appetite and obesity.At the end of the week，the men，whose weight starti
53、ng out was 105 kilograms，had lost about 1.5 kg on average.The mens blood pressure also dropped，which the researchers owed to weight lost.Exactly what caused the weight loss is uncertain.Loss of appetite is common at higher altitudes，and indeed the men ate significantly less than usualabout 700 calor
54、ies(千卡)fewer per day.Appetite loss at high altitudes could certainly be key，notes Damian Bailey，a physiologist，who himself recently lost 11 kg during a 3month expedition to the Andes in Chile.Lippl says，halfjokingly，“If obese people plan their holidays，they might not go to the sea，but maybe to the m
55、ountains.”67The underlined word“obese”in the first paragraph probably means “_”Aunhealthy Bswollen Cvery fat Dweighty68Hormones were tested in the research because they could affect _.Aones body weight Bones blood pressureCones way of living Dones heartbeating rate69What was found about the 20 obese
56、 men in the process of the research?AThey controlled what to eat.BThey took in fewer calories than usual.CThey lost appetite because of lack of physical activities.DThey were provided with a healthier diet than before.70Why does Damian Bailey agree with the idea of appetite loss at high altitudes?AH
57、e experimented with the new weight loss plan in the Andes.BHe found no other reasons for his loss of weight in the Andes.CHe researched the related subject in the Andes.DHe lost much weight in the high altitude of the Andes.67C根据上文“生活在山顶可以减肥”可知，Florian Lippl想知道山上的空气如何影响肥胖的人。unhealthy “不健康的”；swollen
58、“肿胀的”；very fat “极胖的”；weighty “沉重的”。故选C项。68A根据第二段中“.researchers could test for hormones(荷尔蒙)linked to appetite and obesity.”可知，研究人员测试荷尔蒙是因它与食欲和肥胖有关，故选A项。69B根据第三段第二句“Loss of appetite is common at higher altitudes，and indeed the men ate significantly less than usualabout 700 calories(千卡)fewer per day.”可知，由于食欲不振他们比以往吃得少，并且吸收的热量也较少。70D根据倒数第二段可知，贝利在智利的安第斯山亲身体验过，三个月减了11公斤，因此他认同这种看法。*结束