1、2014高考英语阅读理解基础练习精品题（47）及答案【2013高考英语辽宁省沈阳市领航试卷】CSome wonderfully creative uses of X-rays have been in the world of artBut the most impressive one is to uncover what has been covered upDetails unfolded by an X-ray of a painting can t be seen any other wayFor example, in the past, paintings were often
2、repaired if small pieces of paint fell off the canvas （帆布） These repairs cannot be seen just by looking at the paintingIt takes an X-ray to discover where the repairs have been madeAn X-ray of a painting is one of the best ways to tell if it was created by a famous painter or if it is a forgery（赝品）I
3、f there is a question as to whether an old master has painted a certain painting or not, X-rays are made and compared to those of paintings that are known to be originalIf the brushstrokes （笔迹） , for example, are shown to be totally different than in other work done by a certain artist, then the pai
4、nting is proved to be a fake copySince modern paints are usually made from different materials than paints of hundreds of years ago, the image they leave on an X-ray film looks differentThis is another way X-rays can be used to spot a forgeryA modem artist will try to make a forgery look hundreds of
5、 years old by painting dirty varnish on it or by using artificial means to get the varnish to look crackedTo the naked eye the forgery may look old, but when a careful study of the X-ray image is made, the deception is obviousIt was common many years ago for an artist to finish a painting, decide it
6、 wasnt any good, and paint a completely different picture on top of itOr artists would paint over others work it was their version of recyclingTaking an X-ray is the only way to find out if there is a picture underneath the picture you see with your eyesSometimes museums will be more interested in t
7、he painting beneath than the one on top, and will restore the older one by having the top layer painstakingly removed1. What is the main purpose of the article? ATo provide information to police who are looking for stolen art BTo persuade art dealers to check for fake copies before selling art CTo e
8、xplain how modern technology can be applied in unique ways DTo help artists restore damaged artwork to its original appearance2. According to the passage，X-rays are used to _ Amake repairs on paintings in the past Bidentify the authenticity of an artwork Cchange the materials of a forgery Dremove th
9、e recyclable paints3. In Paragraph 3, the word deception probably means _ Acomparison Bdrawback Ctrickery Djudgement4. Which is the best title for the passage? AX-ray Detectives BCreative Uses of Technology CForgery Studies DX-ray Painting Techniques参考答案 8-11CBCA 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列四篇短文，从每题
10、所给的四个选项（A、B/C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AWe live in central Phoenix, near the canal. Every day I used to see a homeless old man and his scruffy little dog hanging out down there.I would tell my husband we should give him food for the little dog. It wouldnt have been a problem; we have our own mini far
11、m of animals! But he would say OK! and then blow the idea off because of our business.Being in Phoenix, Arizona, you can just imagine how hot it gets here, but his winter was really chilly! I had just come from KFC with take-out food for dinner. As I was turning by the canal, the man and his dog wer
12、e sitting right there all bundled up. Even the doggy had a coat on! Not even thinking about it, I pulled into the parking lot along the canal and piled up a plate of chicken with al the fixings for the man and his little buddy. I gave it to him with a soda and a bottle of water for the little dog. H
13、e said, Thank you, sweetie. You are an angel. And there were tears welling up in his eyes! I told him he ws so welcome, and then went home.When my husband dug into the KFC gag he asked, Were you hungry, or what? I told him what I did and he said, Only you! Then he told me I had done a good thing.A f
14、ew weeks later, we were walking along the canal and found the man walking to me, with his little dog. He asked whether I would mind adopting the dog. With tears in eyes, he said it had gotten too hard for him to care for the dog. He added that he was planning on heading to Washington State but his d
15、og wouldnt have been up to it, so he hoped to give it to me. Only you! In this city, you are the only person I can believe in!Now, every time I watch and pat the puppy lying near the fireplace, I will recall the old mans words and wish him good luck.26. The author and her husband didnt kelp the old
16、man at the beginning because _ A.they had a farm of animals to feed B.they didnt have food even for themselves. C.they worked busily and often forget it. D.they were unwilling to help a man with a dog.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。由“But he would say OK! and then blow the idea off because of our business.”可知我们一开始没有
17、帮助老人是因为生意太忙，而忘记了。故选C。27. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 3? A. She gave the old man some food on a cold day. B. She met the old man after finishing her dinner. C. She offered the old man nothing but chicken. D. She burst into tears after helping the old man.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由“I pulle
18、d into the parking lot along the canal and piled up a plate of chicken with al the fixings for the man and his little buddy. I gave it to him with a soda and a bottle of water for the little dog.”可知在那个寒冷的日子，作者给了老人一些食物。28. What did the authors husband feel when she told him what she had done? A. Grat
19、eful. B. Delighted C. Indifferent D. Disappointed【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由“Then he told me I had done a good thing.”可知作者的丈夫为她所做的事情感到高兴。故选B。29. Why did the old man hope to give the dog to the author? A. Because he knew thee author was also a dog lover. B. Because the author was the person he could trust. C. B
20、ecause the author was the only person he knew. D. Because he believed that his dog liked the author.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由Only you! In this city, you are the only person I can believe in!可知老人把狗给她，是因为她是老人信任的人。故选B。30. What can we infer from the ending of the passage? A. The author refused the old mans reque
21、st. B. The author misses the old man and his dog. C. The author feels the old man was very lucky. D. The author adopted the old mans dog.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。由最后一段“every time I watch and pat the puppy lying near the fireplace,”可知作者收养了老人的狗。故选D. 【2013高考英语辽宁省沈阳市领航试卷】DLearning to drive is important to the ind
22、ependence of teenagers, but it is also a great responsibilityAlthough having a law that keeps 16-year-old drivers from having more than one teenager in the car with them at first seems unfair, there are convincing reasons for this requirementThe Insurance Institute for Highway Safety reports that te
23、ens are four times more likely than older drivers to be involved in an automobile accidentIt also reports that 16-and 17-year-old drivers are twice as likely to have an accident if they have two teenage friends in the car and four times as likely to have one if they have three or more teenage friend
24、s in the car with themFatal （ 致命的） crashes of 16-year-old drivers involve the highest percentage of speeding, driver error, and number of passengersThis information is enough to cause any reasonable person to wonder about the wisdom of allowing new teen drivers to take a carload of friends anywhere,
25、 even if the law permits itA study at the National Institutes of Health indicates that the part of the human brain that controls judgment and evaluates the consequences of our actions might not be fully formed until the age of 25Until this study, researchers had placed the age at 18If this is true,
26、it could explain the reckless （鲁莽的） behavior of many teens, behavior that often extends into their twentiesIt also could be a strong reason for being cautious about the driving circumstances of young peopleThis is not the only study that indicates such caution is necessaryOne study at Temple Univers
27、ity in Philadelphia examines the results of peer（同龄人） pressure in risky driving situationsThe study, which uses a driving game, has an individual guide a car through a course, both alone and in the presence of friendsThree different age groups participated in the study: 13-16, 18-22, and 24 and olde
28、rMembers of the oldest group showed caution whether driving alone or with friends present, but the two younger groups took more chances when they were with their friendsFurthermore, because these drivers were accustomed to the noise and distraction of many passengers, they were unable to see their o
29、wn mistakesOnce again, this is a good indication that a law restricting the number of teenagers in the car with a young driver is a good idea5. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 2?AMany deaths have occurred because of inexperience and overconfidence BIt s reasonable to severely limit
30、the passenger number of teen drivers CNew teen drivers have to ask permission before driving with friends DThere are many causes behind the teens driving accidents6. From the two studies, the author probably suggests that _ Adifferent age groups have different peer pressure Bteenagers often give wro
31、ng judgments above passengers noise Cunderdeveloped brain makes teens ignore their mistakes Ddriving circumstances are bound up with（与密切相关） the risk of accidents7. We can infer that the law restriction can probably _ Aprotect teens on the highway Braise teens sense of responsibility Creduce the numb
32、er of fatal crashes Dforce teens to drive with caution8. With which statement would the author most likely disagree? ASome teenagers have risky behavior while driving BCertain laws treat teenagers and adults differently CWe still need more studies on teen driving DDriving is important to a teenager
33、s sense of independence参考答案 12-15 BDAC【2013高考英语辽宁省沈阳市领航试卷】 AThe IESs World Energy Outlook report says increasing demand and use of energy has to be limited.The switch to more low-carbon energy will require an extra investment（投资）of 2.7 trillion equivalent to 0.2 % of GDP the IEA report said, with an
34、 average 11 spent per head worldwide on more efficient cars, appliances and buildings. The improved energy efficiency would deliver fuel-cost savings of almost 4.5 trillion.The report says that, assuming no new government policies, the world energy demand will grow by 1.6 per cent per year on averag
35、e between 2006 and 2030. This figure is lower than projected last year because the economic slowdown has reduced demand.Demand for oil will rise from the current 85m barrels per day to 106m barrels by 2030. Demand for coal will rise more than any other fuel despite the environmental damage it causes
36、 accounting for more than a third of the increase in energy use.The report claims oil will remain the worlds main source of energy for many years to come even with the rapid development of alternative renewable energy technology but the amount of oil remaining, production costs and consumer price wi
37、ll remain unpredictable.Mr. Tanaka said big international oil and gas companies would in the future have limited scope to increase reserves and production while in contrast national companies are projected to account for about 80 per cent of the increase of both oil and gas production to 2030.The re
38、port says measures to curb CO2 emissions will improve energy security by reducing global fossil-fuel energy use but this would not alarm the worlds major oil producers.“OPEC production will need to be 12m barrels higher per day in 2030 than today. It is clear that the energy sectors will have to pla
39、y the central role in tackling climate change,” said Mr. Tanaka.36According to the report, the switch to more low-carbon energy will .Aneed an additional $2.7 trillion investmentBtake 2 per cent of the UKs GDPCcost each person in the UK$ 11 on averageDsave about 4.5 trillion in fuel costs37Which of
40、the following will be the major energy source in the next few years?AOil.BCoal.CGas.DBio-fuel.38According to Mr. Tanaka, who will play the key role in dealing with climate change?AThe oil producers. BThe energy departments.CThe oil consumers.DThe policy makers.39Whats the passage mainly talking abou
41、t? ANational companies in the UK should produce more oil and gas.BThe creasing demand and use of energy should be controlled.CNew efficient methods should be tested and widely used.DMeasures should be taken to alarm the worlds major oil producers.参考答案 36-39 DABB Parents need to be good role models t
42、o help their children make sensible financial decisions, according to Adam Hancock and his team, from East Caronlina University in the US. Their work highlights that parents who argue about finances contribute to increasing credit card debt among their children during their students years. Their wor
43、k is published online in Springers Journal of Family and Economic Issues. Credit card debt among college students has been a growing concern for researchers and policymakers over the last decade. In addition, there is growing concern among educators that more students are dropping out of school, not
44、 because of academic failure, but because of financial reasons, and credit card especially. Hancock and colleagues study is the first to examine how parental interactions, and financial knowledge and attitudes may have a cumulative effect（累积效应）on the number of credit cards students own and their lev
45、el of credit card debt. The researchers analyzed data for 420 undergraduate students from seven different American universities, who took part in the College Student Financial Literacy Survey. According to the online survey, nearly two-thirds of students had a credit card, and nearly a third had mor
46、e than one. Those students who reported that their parents argued about finances were more likely to have more than two cards than the students whose parents who did not argue about finances.In terms of debt, those students who had two or more credit cards were nearly three times more likely to repo
47、rt having credit card debt over 500.The researchers conclude, It is clear that the influence of parents cannot be neglected. Researchers, educators and policymakers should work in finding effective ways to increase the positive financial behaviors fo college students. We need to help students learn
48、financial skills and establish healthy financial attitudes at earlier ages to prevent poor financial habits from taking root.31. In Adam Hancocks research, students credit card debt is related to their _. A.knowledge B.concerns C.school D.parents【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。由“Their work highlights that parents w
49、ho argue about finances contribute to increasing credit card debt among their children during their students years.”可知学生的信用卡债务和他们的父母有关。故选D。32. When college students have credit card debt, they may _. A.quit school B.fail in their exams C.study financial knowledge D.have more credit cards【答案】A【解析】细节理
50、解题。由“there is growing concern among educators that more students are dropping out of school, not because of academic failure, but because of financial reasons, and credit card especially.”可知大学生有信用卡债务时，他们就可能退学。故选A。33. What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A. More than 400 students i a university took t
51、he survey. B. The survey was conducted with the paper questionnaire. C. Nearly all the students in this survey have credit cards. D. Students have fewer cards if their parents argue more.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。由“According to the online survey, nearly two-thirds of students had a credit card, and nearly a th
52、ird had more than one.”可知在调查中，几乎所有学生都有信用卡。故选C。34. If you have two or more credit cards, you are more likely to _. A.get wealthy B.have argument C.buy more things D.become in debt【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。由“In terms of debt, those students who had two or more credit cards were nearly three times more likely to
53、report having credit card debt over 500.”说明如果你有两个或两个以上的信用卡，你更有可能负债。故选D。35. As a student, what can yo learn from the passage? A. We need to turn to our parents when we have credit card debt. B. We should build correct financial attitudes when we are young. C. We shouldnt have credit cards so that we can avoid argument. D. We can have more credit cards to make life more comfortable.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。由“We need to help students learn financial skills and establish healthy financial attitudes at earlier ages to prevent poor financial habits from taking root.”可知我们在小的时候就应该树立正确的财政态度。故选B。