1、Section Discovering Useful Structures Grammar 动词不定式、动词ing、动词ed作表语新知导引诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性1My goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.2Its purpose is to involve visitors in physical exercise and athletic competition.3Her first delight was going to the Tower.4What you said is really inspirin
2、g.5Hes really amusing and tells jokes when he thinks were getting bored.6Although the cities were crowded,the country was beautiful.共性呈现1所有画线部分在句中都作表语；2to provide,to involve 是不定式作表语；3going to the Tower,amusing,getting是动词-ing作表语；4bored,crowded是动词-ed作表语。语法精释知识点一 动词不定式作表语1动词不定式作表语，可以说明主语的具体内容，还可以表示目的、结
3、果、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿等，其主语通常为aim,duty,hope,idea,job,plan,problem,purpose,wish等名词，或是what引导的名词性从句。不定式作表语时，主语和表语有时可以交换位置，其意思不变。The important thing in life is to have a great aim,and the determination to attain it.人生重要的事是有一个伟大的目标，以及实现它的决心。Her best wish is to put her new ideas into practice.她最大的愿望是将自己的新想法付诸实践
4、。What I would suggest is to start work at once.我建议马上开始工作。2动词不定式作表语省略to的情况动词不定式作表语时，一般情况下不定式符号to不能省略，但当主语部分含有从句且从句谓语部分有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式符号to可保留也可省略。All we need to do is(to)live each day with passion.我们需要做的就是充满激情地过好每一天。Dont worry.What you need to do is(to)have a good sleep.别担心，你需要做的就是好好睡一觉。即学即练1 单句
5、语法填空(1)Always keep in mind that your main task is _(get)this company running smoothly.(2)The aim of the designer is _(create)solutions to problems through the most efficient means.gettingcreating知识点二 动词-ing作表语动词-ing分为动名词和现在分词两类。动名词兼有动词和名词的特征和作用，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征，可在句中充当定语、表语、宾语补足语和
6、状语。1动名词(短语)作表语作表语的动名词(短语)所体现的是名词的特性，用于对主语的内容进行解释说明，往往表示主语所具有的特征且主语和表语可以换位。What I am tired of is waiting here alone.(Waiting here alone is what I am tired of.)我讨厌独自在这里等。My job is teaching you English.(Teaching you English is my job.)我的工作是教你们英语。2现在分词(短语)作表语作表语的现在分词(短语)是形容词性的，表示主语的性质或特征，主语和表语不可换位。The r
7、esult of the accident is shocking.这一事故的后果令人震惊。The argument is very convincing.这一论据很有说服力。3动名词(短语)作表语与动词不定式(短语)作表语的区别动名词(短语)作表语表示一般性的动作；动词不定式(短语)作表语表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。His hobby is painting.他的爱好是画画。(一般性的动作)Today what he wants to do is(to)paint.今天他想要做的事是画画。(具体的动作)His wish is to become an artist.他的愿望是成为一名艺
8、术家。(将要发生的事)即学即练2 单句语法填空What is even more interesting is that one of Steins jobs is _(defend)an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.defending知识点三 动词-ed作表语1动词-ed可放在系动词be,feel,remain,seem,look,become等之后作表语，往往表示主语所处的状态或状况。作表语的动词-ed可用very,quite,much等修饰。The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。Im very interest
9、ed in your story.我对你的故事很感兴趣。2某些表示情感、情绪的动词-ed，如：terrified,surprised,astonished,excited,disappointed,moved,shocked,interested,discouraged,amused,frightened,inspired,pleased,satisfied,tired,worried等作表语时，已具有形容词的性质，其主语通常是人。He seemed quite delighted at the news.听到这个消息他似乎很高兴。I am very pleased with the resu
10、lt of the experiment.我对这个实验结果很满意。3动词-ed作表语和动词的被动语态的区别动词-ed作表语表示的是一种状态或情况，而被动语态表示的是一个动作，被动意味很强。比较下面的句子：The glass is broken.玻璃杯碎了。状态The glass was broken by him.玻璃杯被他打碎了。动作即学即练3 单句语法填空(1)I was _(delight)at the presence of such a student.Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.(2)Students who ta
11、ke a well-planned year out are more likely to be _(satisfy)with,and complete,their chosen course.delightedsatisfied 4动词-ed与现在分词作表语的区别英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词意为“令人的”，多用来修饰物；其动词-ed意为“感到的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。常见的这类词有：exciting 令人激动的excited 激动的，兴奋的 surprising 令人吃惊的surprised 惊讶的disappointing 令人失望的disappointed 失望
12、的encouraging 振奋人心的encouraged 受到鼓舞的frightening 令人害怕的frightened 害怕的interesting 有趣的interested 感兴趣的moving 感人的moved 受感动的pleasing 令人高兴的pleased 满意的shocking 令人震惊的shocked 震惊的tiring 令人困倦的tired 疲倦的worrying 令人担忧的worried 担心的satisfying 令人满意的satisfied 满意的puzzling 令人迷惑的puzzled 困惑的.用括号内词的适当形式填空1As a student in senio
13、r high school,the most important task is _(study)hard,which determines his future.2Amazed at how skillful they were,I was _(determine)to be just as good.3It is _(amaze)that the artist devotes so much time to painting.4The bike was a birthday present from my uncle.You can imagine how _(excite)I was w
14、hen I saw it.5He made people laugh at a time when they felt _(depress),so they could feel more content with their lives.to studydeterminedamazingexciteddepressed6We were _(shock)to hear that the missing pet was found dead at midnight.7If their habitat is _(threaten)or they cannot find enough food,th
15、e number of them may decrease.8There were many people waiting at the bus stop,and some of them looked very anxious and _(disappoint)9The children will get _(confuse)if asked to learn too much at a time.10What squirrels can do is _(store)all kinds of food before the winter comes.shockedthreateneddisa
16、ppointedconfused(to)store 11Lost in the mountains for three days,what the three visitors were able to do was _(expect)the help of helicopters.12All the people there thought the car driver was _(blame)for this accident.13What I dislike is _(get)up too early.14The teachers explanation of the problem w
17、as so _(confuse)that most of us couldnt understand.15As is known to all,travelling is _(interest),but we often feel _(tire)when we are back from the journey.(to)expectto blame gettingconfusinginteresting tired16Find friends to study and speak with.Learning English together can be very _(encourage)17
18、A study shows the students who are _(engage)in after-school activities are happier than those who are not.18I still remember visiting a friend whod lived here for five years and I was _(shock)when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.encouragingengagedshocked.完成句子1她的工作是尽量使大厅保持整洁。Her job i
19、s _.2窗户坏了，据说是汤姆昨天打坏的。The window _.It is said that it _.3教育的目的是帮助孩子形成良好的个性。_ children develop fine personalities.4请保持坐着不动，直到飞机彻底停下。_ until the plane has come to a complete stop.keeping the hall as clean as possibleis broken was broken by Tom yesterdayThe purpose of education is to helpPlease remain s
20、eated5我的愿望是成为一名像爱因斯坦那样的科学家。My wish is _ like Einstein.6作为一名党员，他觉得他的职责就是全心全意为人民服务。As a Party member,he feels his duty is _ heart and soul.7新技术的目的是让生活变得更容易，而不是让它变得更困难。The purpose of new technology is _，not to make it more difficult.8我现在唯一想做的事是躺下来好好休息一下。The only thing I want to do now is _.to become a scientistto serve the peopleto make life easier(to)lie down to have a good rest