1、Unit 5The power of nature【热点话题】Personal information(个人情况)达尔文体裁：记叙文写作思路：出生年月主要事迹光辉成就【美文诵读】Charles_Robert_Darwin_was_a_great_English_naturalist_who_was_born_on_February_12，1809_in_a_small_town_in_England，and died on April 19, 1882.As_a_boy，he_enjoyed_watching_nature and collecting anything that caught
2、_his_interest_. In 1828，Charles_entered_the_University_of_Cambridge_after_he_gave_up_studying_medicine_at_the_University_of_Edinburgh.He joined a 5year voyage，which began on December 27，1831，travelling around the world to do scientific research.In_1859，he_published_his_book_On_the_Origin_of_Species_
3、which_made_him_famous_all_over_the_world.【学海拾贝】按要求完成或翻译下列句子。1将改为由过去分词作状语的简单句。Born_on_February_12，1809_in_a_small_town_in_England，Charles Robert Darwin was a great English naturalist.2小时候，张华喜欢读小说。(enjoy，as)As_a_boy，Zhang Hua enjoyed_reading novels.3学校的一切都引起他极大的兴趣。(catch)Everything in the school caugh
4、t_his_interest4用“介词动名词”将改为简单句。Charles entered the University of Cambridge after_giving_up studying medicine at the University of Edinburgh.5将改为含分词作状语的简单句。In 1859，he published his book On the Origin of Species，making_him_famous all over the world.按要求写出下列单词1冒险，奇遇 nadventure 2波浪；波动 n& vwave3绝对的，完全的 adj
5、.absolute4潜在性；可能的 n& adj.potential5汗；出汗 n& vsweat6实在的，实际的adj.actual7飓风n.hurricane8图表，示意图n.diagram9样品，样本n.sample10候选人n.candidate11任命，委派v. appoint预约，职务，约会n. appointment12洗澡，游泳 v. bathe沐浴，洗澡 n. bath浴室n. bathroom13惊慌，恐慌 n& v. panic惊慌，恐慌(过去分词) panicked14失去知觉的；未觉察的 adj. unconscious有意识的，自觉的adj. conscious自觉
6、地，有意识地adv. consciously意识，知觉n. consciousness15装备v. equip装备n. equipment用所给单词的适当形式填空。1Tom panicked at the sound of explosion and his wife also got into a panic(panic)2He was anxious to leave and he could not hide his anxiety(anxious)3After he returned home，he went into the bathroom and took a bath(bath
7、e)4Do you want to evaluate your intelligence? Just complete the evaluation form below，please.(evaluate)5Tom was badly hurt and still unconscious after the accident，but his wife was conscious and was smiling to us consciously(conscious).翻译下列短语1与比较compare.with2全部焚毁burn_to_the_ground3前往make_ones_way4努力
8、make_an_effort5匆匆看一遍，浏览glance_through6由到不等vary_from.to7完全透明的crystal_clear8各种各样a_variety_of/varieties_of9对感到惊异be_amazed_at10被任命担任be_appointed_as选用上述短语完成下列短文。I (1) was_appointed_as headmaster of No.One Middle School two years ago.When I got to the school for the first time, I (2) was_amazed_at its bea
9、utiful surroundings.There was a botanical garden with (3) varieties_of plants in it.I (4) glanced_through the garden，realizing the former headmaster had (5) made_an_effort to make the school so beautiful and that I must try my best to make it more beautiful than ever.重点句型1I was about to go back to s
10、leep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.(p.34)我刚要回去再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。was/were about to do.when.正要做这时(突然)The thief was about to flee when a police man turned up.小偷正要逃跑，这时一名警察出现了。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)他正要拿出锁匙时门开了。He was_about_to_take_the_key_out_when the door was opened.(2)我们正要开会时，天突然下起了雨。We we
11、re_about_to_have_a_meeting_when it rained.2The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.(p.35)另外两个人攀下火山口去收集日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。“主语beingadj./n.”这是一个独立主格结构，其作用相当于一个状语从句，常表示原因、时间等。Mot
12、her being ill，I had to look after her at home.Because my mother was ill，I had to look after her at home.因为妈妈病了，我必须在家照顾她。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)开完会后我们都回家了。The meeting being_over，all of us went home.(2)她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。Her_work_being_over，she sat down for a cup of tea.3It is said that this boy，who had a great
13、gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.(p.39)据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。It is said that.“据说”， it 是形式主语，它所表示的是后面由that引导的主语从句。类似的结构还有：It is reported that.据报道It is hoped that.人们希望 It is supposed that.人们以为It is believed that.人们相信It is expected that.人们期待/料想It is said that
14、our boss has a big decision to make soon.据说我们老板很快要作出一项重大决定。 模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)这样，人们希望因纽特人的生活方式保存更多的世纪。So，it_is_hoped_that the way of Inuit life will be kept alive for many more centuries.(2)据报道，国庆节的第一天将有200万人乘地铁。It_is_reported_that_nearly_2，000，000_people_will_take_the_metro_on_the_first_day_of_Nat
15、ional_Day.用上述句型翻译下列小片段。一切都准备好了，我感到非常轻松。就在我准备回家时，电话响了，我被告知奶奶受伤了。我匆忙赶往医院去看奶奶。她说：“与司机相比，我算是幸运的了。我只是受了轻伤，据说这起车祸使三人丧生呢。”Everything_being_ready，I_felt_very_relaxed.I_was_about_to_go_home_when_the_telephone_rang_and_I_was_told_my_grandma_was_injured.I_hurried_to_the_hospital_to_see_her.She_said，“Compared_t
16、o_the_driver，Im_quite_lucky_as_I_was_only_slightly_injured.It_is_said_that_the_traffic_accident_has_caused_three_deaths.” 修饰关联：指词语之间修饰或限制的关系，即语言的得体性与习惯性。如：修饰worth只能用well，不能用very；修饰population用large或small，而不用many或little。因果关联：指英语的语义表达中存在的因果关系，如：Tony is gambling with his health.He has been smoking for t
17、oo long.中的“smoking for too long”是“gambling with his health”的原因。【例】 I attended a school prizegiving_not so long ago and the guest speaker was Mr.White.AanniversaryBmeetingCceremony Dconference解析：修饰关联。prizegiving后面接ceremony，意为“颁奖仪式”。答案：C【例】 These tell a story of a mother whose baby grows sick and pale
18、 and has changed so much that it is almost_to the parents.Aunbelievable BunacceptableCunrecognizable Dunchangeable解析：“has changed so much”与 unrecognizable构成因果关联。答案：C运用所学的解题技巧完成下列微型完形填空题。(一)So you ought to really think about what is important in your life, and work out the things that dont really_1_.
19、You are the one who must figure out what success is to you.Is the destination you have in mind worth the_2_you must take? Only you can answer that.1A.meanBmatterCwork Dcare解析：修饰关联。matter意为“重要，关系重大”。答案：B2A.money BstreetCeffect Dpath解析：语义关联。path表示“路径，道路”。答案：D(二)Most students attend a university mainly
20、 to 1the knowledge needed for their chosen profession，while universities have always aimed to produce people with judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge. Educationists encourage students to read widely to _2_their understanding in many fields of study.1A.acquire BacceptCearn Dincrease解析：修饰关联。acqui
21、re the knowledge表示“获取知识”。答案：A2A.lengthen BdeepenCbroaden Dshorten解析：deepen ones understanding意为“加深理解”。答案：B(三)Between 1960 and 2010 the amount of waste each person created increased from 2.7 to 4.4 pounds per day.This results in about 250 million tons of _1_produced in the US in 2010.The most effecti
22、ve way to reduce waste is not to create it in the first place.By reducing and reusing, consumers and industry can 2natural resources and reduce waste management costs.1A.resource BmaterialCwaste Dpoison解析：原词复现。上文有waste。答案：C2A.reduce BsaveCuse Dproduce解析：因果关联。上文的reducing、reusing与save natural resource
23、s为因果关系。答案：B(四)Losing a passport can cause the calmest people to get nervous, especially if it happens while youre abroad.This is understandable because losing a _1_can be seriousit is not too different from losing your identity.However, as it is no use _2_， I suggest you calm down first.The sooner y
24、ou recover from that panic attack，the more chances you have to get it back.1A.identity BchanceCpassport Dreport解析：原词复现。上文有passport。答案：C2A.worrying BreportingCattacking Dstealing解析：因果关联。“it is no use worrying”与“I suggest you calm down first”为因果关系。答案：A第一节阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。AChoose Your
25、OneDay Tours!(2015课标全国卷)Tour ABath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge37 until 26 March and 39 thereafter.Visit the city with over 2，000 years of history and Bath Abbey，the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum.Stonehenge is one of the worlds most famou
26、s prehistoric monuments dating back over 5，000 years.Tour BOxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Marys Church Tower and Anne Hathaways house32 until 12 March and 36 thereafter.Oxford：Includes a guided tour of Englands oldest university city and colleges.Look over the “city
27、of dreaming spires (尖顶)” from St Marys Church Tower.Stratford：Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour CWindsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace34 until 11 March and 37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court，He
28、nry s favourite palace.Free time to visit Windsor Castle (entrance fees not included)With 500 years of history，Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.Visit the palace and its various historic garden
29、s，which include the famous maze (迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!Tour DCambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great33 until 18 March and 37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Cambridge，the famous university town，and the gardens of the 18th century.1Which tour will you ch
30、oose if you want to see Englands oldest university city?ATour ABTour B.CTour C. D.Tour D.2Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?AWindsor Castle & Hampton Court.BOxford & Stratford.CBath & Stonehenge.DCambridge.3Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?AIt used to be
31、the home of royal families.BIt used to be a wellknown maze.CIt is the oldest palace in Britain.DIt is a worldfamous castle.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了几则“一日游”的广告。1解析：事实细节题。根据Tour B中“Oxford：Includes a guided tour of Englands oldest university city and colleges.”可知。答案：B2解析：事实细节题。根据广告中提到的收费标准可知选D。答案：D3解析：事实细节题。根据Tour
32、C中的“Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.”可知答案为A。答案：AB(2015福建卷)Papa，as a son of a dirtpoor farmer，left school early and went to work in a factory，for education was for the rich then.So，the world became his school.With great interest，he read everything he could lay his hands on
33、，listened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown.“Theres so much to learn，”hed say.“Though were born stupid，only the stupid remain that way.”He was determined that none of his children would be denied(拒绝)an education.Thus，Papa insisted that we learn at least one new
34、thing each day.Though，as children，we thought this was crazy，it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request.And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned.We would talk about the news of the day；no matter how insignificant，it was never taken lightly.Papa would listen carefu
35、lly and was ready with some comment，always to the point.Then came the momentthe time to share the days new learning.Papa，at the head of the table，would push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine，ready to listen.“Felice，” hed say，“tell me what you learned today.”“I learned that the population o
36、f Nepal is.”Silence.Papa was thinking about what was said，as if the salvation(拯救) of the world would depend upon it.“The population of Nepal.Hmm.Well.”hed say.“Get the map；lets see where Nepal is.”And the whole family went on a search for Nepal.This same experience was repeated until each family mem
37、ber had a turn.Dinner ended only after we had a clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts.As children，we thought very little about these educational wonders.Our family，however，was growing together，sharing experiences and participating in one anothers education.And by looking at us，list
38、ening to us，respecting our input，affirming(肯定) our value，giving us a sense of dignity，Papa was unquestionably our most influential teacher.Later during my training as a future teacher，I studied with some of the most famous educators.They were imparting(传授) what Papa had known all alongthe value of c
39、ontinual learning.His technique has served me well all my life.Not a single day has been wasted，though I can never tell when knowing the population of Nepal might prove useful.4What do we know from the first paragraph?AThe authors father was born in a workers family.BThose born stupid could not chan
40、ge their life.CThe town elders wanted to learn about the world.DThe poor could hardly afford school education.5The underlined word“it”in the second paragraph refers to “_”Aone new thingBa requestCthe newsDsome comment6It can be learned from the passage that the author_Aenjoyed talking about newsBkne
41、w very well about NepalCfelt regret about those wasted daysDappreciated his fathers educational technique7What is the greatest value of “dinner time” to the author?AContinual learning.BShowing talents.CFamily gettogether.DWinning Papas approval.8The authors father can be best described as_Aan educat
42、or expert at training future teachersBa parent insistent on his childrens educationCa participant willing to share his knowledgeDa teacher strict about everything his students did语篇解读：本文为记叙文，题材为学习教育类。文章记叙了在父亲的引领下，我们这些穷孩子不断学习、日有所获。全家人相互学习，共同进步。4解析：事实细节题。由首段首句可知选D项。答案：D5解析：猜测词义题。由第二段倒数第二句中“We would ta
43、lk about the news of the day”可知it指代的是the news，故选C项。答案：C6解析：事实细节题。由尾段第二句“They were imparting(传授)what Papa had known all alongthe value of continual learning.”可知答案为D项。答案：D7解析：推理判断题。由第二段第三句至倒数第三段的内容以及尾段第二句可推断出答案为A项。答案：A8解析：推理判断题。由本文内容可推断出父亲是一个坚持教育自己孩子的家长，故选B项。答案：B第二节完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从120题所给出A、B、C和D项
44、中，选出最佳选项。Upset, Christopher buried his face deep into his pillow.“Whats the_1_， honey？”she asked as she sat down beside him.“Is there some problem I can help with？”Christopher _2_. He didnt really want to tell his mom what was _3_ him.“Something happened at the park，”he stammered (结巴地说出) _4_“I. I li
45、ed to Aaron, and now he wont _5_ me.He knows I _6_”“Why did you do that？”Mom asked gently.“I. I dont know，”murmured Christopher. “I told him I was _7_，but I dont think he will forgive me.”“Are you really sorry？”asked Mom. Christopher nodded. “I dont think hell ever believe me again.”said Christopher
46、 _8_Mom _9_ for a minute.“Honey, do you remember the _10_ Dad and I used to give you？”she asked.“The ones you called horsey rides？” Christopher nodded，_11_ why Mom brought that up.“You thought it was so much fun until you fell _12_the horse one day and hit your head on a chair，”said Mom.“After that
47、it took you a long time to trust _13_enough to try it again.”“But I finally did！”Christopher said _14_He thought he knew what his mother was getting at(暗示)“Yes，and Im _15_ Aaron will trust you again, too.”said Mom.“When you lie to someone，it takes _16_for that person to really believe you again”Mom
48、smiled.“There will also be bad _17_of what youve donelike a friend who wont speak to you for a while and Aaron needs time to _18_what happened.Therefore，be a _19_friend and help him trust you again.Can you do that？”Christopher nodded and promised，“Ill be a _20_friend.”1A.challengeBmatterCfun Dmeanin
49、g2A.regretted BdemandedCagreed Dhesitated3A.bothering BhurtingCdestroying Dsurprising4A.finally BsuddenlyCimmediately Dgradually5A.reply to Bwrite toCtalk to Dattend to6A.stammered BliedCtalked Dcried7A.fine BsorryCunhappy Ddisappointed8A.excitedly BhopefullyCcheerfully Dsadly9A.thought BlookedCstay
50、ed Dtried10A.lessons BtoysCrides Dhorses11A.saying BdoubtingCremembering Dwondering12A.on BatCoff Dto13A.you BthemCus Dit14A.eagerly BsadlyCslowly Dhopelessly15A.pleased BsureClucky Dsatisfied16A.money BcourageCpatience Dtime17A.reasons BinstructionsCfactors Dconsequences18A.get over Bget acrossCget
51、 along with Dget down to19A.devoted BgoodCrespectable Dreasonable20A.personal BcommonCgreat Dnew语篇解读：当我们犯了错误，朋友不再信任我们的时候，该怎么办？作者在本文中对于这一问题提出了自已的看法：要获得别人的原谅是需要时间的，要给别人时间来消化。 1解析：固定句式Whats the matter with sb.？“某人怎么了？”答案：B2解析：根据“He didnt really want to tell his mom”可知他很犹豫。答案：D3解析：根据上下文可知，bother“困扰”。答案：
52、A4解析：根据下文可知他最后还是告诉了妈妈。答案：A5解析：talk to“交谈”。其他选项不符合语境。答案：C6解析：根据上文的“I lied to Aaron”可知。答案：B7解析：根据下文“Are you really sorry？”可知。答案：B8解析：根据常识可知，不再被朋友相信会令人很难过。答案：D9解析：此处选thought表示妈妈在思考如何解决这个问题。答案：A10解析：根据下文的“The ones you called horsey rides？”可知。答案：C11解析：句意：但他想知道为什么妈妈要提起这件事情。wonder“想知道”。答案：D12解析：根据后面说头撞到椅子上
53、可知，此处指摔了下来。答案：C13解析：此处选us指代爸爸妈妈。答案：C14解析：根据情境。此处应是“急切地”说。 答案：A15解析：句意：我确信亚伦会再次信任你的，当我们对别人说谎的时候，别人需要时间来重新信任你。答案：B16解析：见第15题解析。答案：D17解析：因为对别人说谎了，也有可能会产生不好的结果。答案：D18解析：句意：亚伦需要时间来克服消化所发生的事情。get over“克服”。答案：A19解析：由上文所述可知，此处表示的是他要再一次成为亚伦的好朋友。答案：B20解析：句意：我会成为很好的朋友的。答案：C第三节语法填空阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空
54、格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。I do a lot of management training each year for the Circle K Company. Among the topics，what we discuss in our classes is the keeping of quality employees.“1._ has caused you to stay enough to become a manager？”I asked.After a while 2._new manager took the question and said
55、slowly，“It was a baseball glove.”Cynthia said she used to take a Circle K clerk job as an interim (临时的)one while she looked for something 3._(well)On her second day behind the counter，she received a call from her nineyearold son，Jessie.He needed a baseball glove for the little League.She explained t
56、hat 4._a single mother，money was tight and her first check would have to go for 5._(pay) bills.When Cynthia arrived for work the next morning，Partircia，the store manager asked her to come to her small office and handed her a box.“I overheard you talking to your son yesterday，”she said，“and I know th
57、at it is hard 6._(explain) things to kids.This is a baseball glove for Jessie.I know you have to pay bills 7._you can buy gloves.You know we cant pay good people like you as 8._as we would like to；but we do care and I want you to know 9._you are to us.”Cynthias story shows vividly that people rememb
58、er more how much a manager cares 10._how much he pays.语解填空：本文作者谈到他在每年的公司管理培训时都要讨论高素质雇员的保持问题，并用一位经理给贫穷的临时工的儿子买棒球手套的故事，说明经理对员工的关心比薪水更让人难以忘怀。1解析：what 在引处引导疑问句，并在句中作主语。答案：What2解析：指一位新经理，表示一(个)用不定冠词。答案：a3解析：由语境推断，Cythia 过去把Circle K clerk的工作视为临时的，而她正在寻找更好的(better)工作。答案：better4解析：由语义可知，作为(as)一个单亲母亲。答案：as5解析：for是介词，介词后面要接名词、代词或动名词。答案：paying6解析：it is hard to do sth.“做某事不容易”是固定句型，真正的主语是不定式。答案：to explain7解析：由常识可知，买手套之前付款。答案：before8解析：指我们支付不了我们希望的那样多的钱给像你一样的好雇员。钱是不可数名词。答案：much9解析：指我想要你知道你对我们是多么(重要)。答案：how10解析：more.than“比更”答案：than