1、2014高考英语阅读理解精英系列练习题（20）及答案【广东省广州市2013综合测试（2）】D Expensive perfumes (香水) come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whale-sized secret. To perfect a particular smell, perfume-makers often use an ingredient that comes from sperm whales, called ambergris. But using ambergris, which helps a perfume last longe
2、r, is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales just so we can smell sweet. Joerg Bohlmann is neither a perfumer nor a whale expert. Hes a plant biologist at the University of British Columbia in Canada. But his discovery of a new plant gene (基因) might push whales out of t
3、he perfume business. The gene comes from fir trees, found throughout North America and commonly used as Christmas trees. The trees produce a chemical that can be used in perfume in place of ambergris but with a catch. Theres a problem that many people wouldnt consider. In the tree, the chemical is m
4、ixed with many others. That makes separation a challenge, Bohlmann says. Its like trying to isolate sugar from a biscuit. This is where science becomes useful. When Bohlmann learned that fir trees produce the ambergris-like chemical, he decided to use his gene know-how to find the instructions for h
5、ow to make the ambergris-substitute. Bohlmann found that gene and took it out of the tree cells. Then he did something that might sound strange to someone who doesnt work in genetics: Bohlmann put the gene from the tree into yeast (酵母) cells. Yeast may sound familiar because its used to make things
6、like bread, wine and beer. Biologists like to work with yeast because it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behaviour. When Bohlmann put the fir tree gene into the yeast, the yeast started making the same chemical that had been produced by the tree. Perfumers pay big money for ambe
7、rgris because it is a fixative, which means it holds a smell in place on a persons body. Cheap perfumes smell good in the first hour or so and then everything is gone, explains Bohlmann. But expensive perfumes are much more stable. Their smell lasts much longer, for hours or even a day after you app
8、ly them. The new chemical, made from the tree genes, can be used as a fixative, too. And using yeast to make it is far cheaper than acquiring ambergris. Bohlmann admits he never thought hed get into the perfume business. But now, he says, producers have been calling to find out how to use his techno
9、logy in new perfumes.41. It can be inferred from the passage that if a perfume contains ambergris, A. its user probably supports whale hunting B. its smell will last for about an hour C. there will be a whale symbol on the bottle D. it is probably very expensive42. The underlined expression with a c
10、atch in Paragraph 3 means A. being difficult to hold B. having a hidden problem C. needing further testing D. being too similar43. According to the passage, why are yeast cells often used in genetic research? A. They can take on the characteristics of other genes. B. They can reproduce much faster t
11、han other cells. C. They share some of the qualities of plant genes. D. Theyre much cheaper to use than ambergris.44. What can we learn about Joerg Bohlmann from the passage? A. He is opposed to whale hunting. B. He made his discovery during Christmas. C. He has worked in the perfume industry for ma
12、ny years. D. He has previously done genetic research.45. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Christmas trees secret B. The sweet smell of success C. Whale-free perfume D. Save the whale【参考答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C阅读理解Plants are very important living things. Life could not go if the
13、re were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. So animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why we find that there are so many
14、plants around us.If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants.Flowering plants can make seeds. The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have
15、many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit.Most non-flowering plants dont grow from seeds. They grow from spores. Spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as the seeds. When
16、 these spores fall on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new plants.50. The main idea of the passage is that _.A. plants are important for life B. plants cannot grow without airC. there are many plants around us D. we cannot live without water51. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Plant
17、s can be divided into main types: flowering plants and non-flowering plants.B. All fruits have seeds in themC. Seeds are protected by the fruits.D. Some plants grow from spores.52. The word “non-flowering ” in this passage means _. A. 开花的 B. 有花的 C. 多花的 D. 不开花的53. In “shady” place there is _. A. a lo
18、t of sunshine B. a lot of water C. no water D. little sunshine参考答案-5053、 ABDDIS IT TIME TO GET MP3?Your computer has been playing music for years, one CD at a time. Now hundreds of songs can be stored in your PC (personal computer) if theyre in the MP3 format.What is it?MP3 compresses music into sma
19、ll computer friendly files. You access MP3 music several ways : Music can be downloaded from websites that have converted vast music libraries into MP3. Or you can prerecord CDs into your PC and convert songs in minutes into MP3. Once MP3 music is on your PCs hard drive, you can play it through your
20、 computers speakers, “burn” it onto blank CDs or exchange MP3 files with friends using E-mail.How much?Software needed to play and convert MP3 music is often free. It comes preinstalled on most new computers or can be downloaded from many websites, including MP3. com. Some MP3 sites are free. Just t
21、ype “MP3 sites” into any search engine. The popular MP3 players start at around $50and can hold hundreds of songs. A blank CD on which you can record music costs about a dollar.AdvantagesMP3 turns your home PC into a tape recorder. Tiny MP3 players are the size of a card, making it easy to take hund
22、reds of songs with you. DisadvantagesYou may find that music at many sites is limited. And some only allow you to listen rather than download offerings. Others let you download music that then cant be copied to MP3 players. And a growing number of new CDs make it impossible to copy songs to a comput
23、er.46. How can you get MP3 music?A. By turning your home PC into a tape recorder B. By taking your own music or songs with youC. By copying songs to a PC through the speakers.D. By downloading from websites which have converted music libraries into MP3.47. Which is NOT true to the passage?A. Softwar
24、e needed to play and convert MP3 music is often free of charge.B. MP3 music can be with friends by e-mail.C. MP3 music can be downloaded for free at any site.D. A greater number of new CDs make it possible to copy songs to a computer.48.The underlined word “burn” probably means_.A. fire B. change C.
25、 download D. play49. How much will you pay for a MP3 player?A. Free of charge. B. Free downloading. C. At least fifty dollars. D. About a dollar.参考答案-46-49、 DCBC阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【广东省汕头市2013二模】AGreen invaders are taking over America.Not
26、 invaders from space,but plants!You might not think of plants as dangerous,but in this case they are threatening natures delicate food chain.The invaders are plants brought here from other countries to make gardens and yards look pretty.Ever since people started to arrive on Americas shores,they hav
27、e carried along trees,flowers,and vegetables from other places.Now there are so many of those plants,they are crowding out the native plants that have lived here since before human settlers arrived.And thats a problem,says Dr.Doug Tallamy.Hes insect expert at the University of Delaware.He explains t
28、hat almost all the plant-eating insects in the United States are specialized,which means they eat only certain plants.Monarch butterfly caterpillars(幼虫),for example,dine on milkweed.If people cut down milkweed and replace it with another plant,the butterflies will not have the food source that they
29、need to survive.But the trouble doesnt stop there.When insects cant get the right plants to eat and they die off,then the birds dont have enough bugs for their meals.Tallamy points out that almost all migrating birds depend on insets to feed their young.“We cannot let the plants and animals around u
30、s disappear.”says Tallamy,“The way to preserve them is to give them food to eat. But when we plant non-native plants,we are clobbering the food chain,because then we dont have the insects the birds need to live.”Fewer of the right plants mean fewer bugs,and fewer bugs mean fewer birds.And thats bad
31、for the Earth,because we need a variety of living things to keep the planet healthy and beautiful.The good news is,garden centers sell native plants.“Just Google native plantsand your location,and you can find out which plants really belong where you live,”says Tallamy26. How did green invades arriv
32、e at America?27. They fell down from space.28. They floated to the Americas shores.29. They were brought in from foreign countries30. They has lived here since human settlers arrivedA. According to Dr.Tallamy,which of the followings about the insects in the US is NOT true?40. Almost all the plant-ea
33、ting insects in a place eat certain plants.41. Monarch butterfly caterpillars cant survive without milkweed.42. If insects cant eat the right plants,they will find another one.43. The insects death will greatly affect the migrating birdssurvival35. The underlined word“clobber”in Paragraph 5 is close
34、st in meaning to _.A. protect B.damage C.create D.collect38. We can know whether a plant is native by _.A. Googling on the Internet B.asking Dr.Doug TallamyC.looking up in books D.searching in garden A. What is the best title of the pass age?45. Green invaderslocal living things B.Green invadersdang
35、erous food chainC.Green invadersenvironmental protectors D.Green invadesthreat to local nature【参考答案】26-30. CCBAD; 【广东省珠海市2013综合试题（2）】 DThe Scottish countryside will soon be home to creatures which are strange to Britain. This spring, 17 beavers will be released into a remote area of rivers and fores
36、ts. Hunted to die out throughout Europe, beavers havent roamed in Britains wilderness for almost 500 years. Ecologists would like to invite back other long-lost animals to help recover the natural balance. To save the countrys plants from deer, which have doubled to 2 million since the start of this
37、 decade, an Oxford University biologist late last year called for introducing the lynx(猞猁) that died out in Britain 1,300 years ago. Nature has long been a popular cause in Europe. British people love their countryside of fences and fields, and the Germans love their hiking forests. But in recent ye
38、ars people have set their sights on the more distant past, when Europes forests were filled with elephants, rhinoceroses and big cats. Some people are even now advocating a return to the way of wilderness that dates back to the Pleistocene era, more than 11,000 years ago.Nobody is advocating allowin
39、g elephants and lions to run crazily in big cities. But supporters would give free control to a long list of small mammals, including the beaver and lynx, which some people fear could be dangerous. Some landowners are worried at the thought of beavers cutting down trees and possible floods; the Scot
40、tish parliament refused several earlier efforts to introduce the mammal. Proposals to set wolves and bears free in Britain have also met with opposition.Although the beavers and the lynxes were popular in Europe thousands of years ago, no one is sure what effect they would have on ecosystems now. “T
41、he idea of bringing back big animals is interesting, but when you take it seriously, there are a lot of questions,” say some biologists. For example, elephants could destroy what little forest and grassland Europe has left.The beavers of Tierra del Fuego provide a lesson. When a failed commercial fu
42、r farm released its few remaining beavers into the wild 60 years ago, the population exploded, and are still harming the local people. Is this Britains future? Supporters say no, the beaver will fit right in. Destroying nature is not a job for the wild.41. The underlined word “roamed” most probably
43、means A. walked B. released C. developed D. exploded42. Why did the Oxford University biologist call for introducing the lynx? A. Because the lynx died out in Britain 1,300 years ago. B. Because the lynx can prevent the plants from being destroyed by deer. C. Because there are too many deer in Brita
44、in. D. Because the biologist wanted to invite back the long-lost species.43. What can we learn from Para.3? A. Not all the people support setting loose wild animals in Britain.B. Some small mammals will be out of control in Britain.C. The landowners dont like beavers because of the possible disaster
45、s. D. British Parliament has proposed several times to bring beavers back.44. What is the opinion of the biologists about bringing back the mammals?A. They consider bringing them back to be fantastic.B. They think bringing them back is no easy task. C. They know for sure the result of bringing them
46、back.D. They think the mammals will destroy the ecosystem.45. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Beavers are the most useful mammals to the balance of Britain.B. Lynxes may get more freedom in Britain than tigers do.C. The ecosystem in Britain doesnt need any changes.D. Beavers released in Bri
47、tain will destroy nature.【参考答案】41-45 ABCBB 阅读理解Tokyo: The worlds oldest man, retired Japanese silkworm breeder Yukichi Chuganji, died in his home at the age of 114, on Monday. Family members found him dead on his mattress. Born on March 23, 1889, Chuganji worked as a silkworm breeder and bank employ
48、ee after leaving school. He also served as a community welfare(福利) officer. He had been in god health, talking daily with his family members.Washington: Every American dislikes people who talk on cell phones while driving, even those who do that kind of act. In the State of New Jersey, 84 percent of
49、 968 cell phone owners said in recent telephone survey that they would support a state ban(禁令) on the use of cell phones while driving. However, 42 percent of cell phone owners also said they used the devices “very often” or “sometimes” while driving. Although most agree that the banning is good, on
50、ly 38 percent believed such a ban would be easy to enforce(实施).New York: A woman in the US who was being attacked by a dog said she was saved from further harm when her 13-year-old daughter distracted the dog by screaming “You want a piece of me?” and kicked it repeatedly in the head. Jane Howell sa
51、id she and her daughter, Elizabeth, were taking a walk around the neighborhood on Saturday evening when they came across he big dog, unchained.50. The main idea of the second news is _. A. most Americans dont like cell phone B. a ban on the use of cell phones has been made C. few people use cell pho
52、nes while driving D. using cell phones while driving will be banned because most Americans dont like it51. The woman in the US _. A. was not harmed by the dog B. raised the dog, which attacked her later C. was protected from being seriously hurt by her daughter D. had escaped when her daughter was kicking the dog52. From the news we can infer _. A. Chuganji was living alone when he died B. the womans 13-year-old daughter was very brave C. cell phones are not god devices D. its easy to enforce the ban n the use of cell phones while driving参考答案 5052、DCB