1、Module5 Unit2 The environment一课前背诵下列重点词汇（一）重点词汇arrest vt. & n. 逮捕clap vt. & vi. 鼓掌，抬手conflict vi. 冲突，抵触 n. 冲突；矛盾queue vi. 排队等候 n. 队，行列decrease vt.& vi. 减少 n. 减少drill vi. & vt. 钻（孔）n. 操练，训练fuel n. 燃料 vt. & vi. 提供燃料absorb vt. 吸收；理解；使全神贯注debate n. & vi. 辩论；争论，讨论flow vi. 流，流动； n. 流动；连贯recycle vt. & vi.
2、回收利用pump vt. & vi. 用泵输送；涌出n. 泵；气筒flood n.洪水；大量 vt. & vi. 泛滥;大量涌入range n. 范围；vi. (在一定范围内)变化 duty n. 责任，义务，本分 greedy adj 贪婪的，贪心的businessman n. 商界人员；企业家credit n. 赞扬；信用；学分quantity n. 数量raw adj. 原始的，未经加工或处理的willing adj. 愿意的，乐意的 goods n. 商品，货品tax n. 税，税款customs n. 海关；关税feather n. 羽毛blanket n. 毯子，厚的覆盖层fenc
3、e n. 栅栏，篱笆，围栏 satellite n. 人造卫星climate n.气流low-carbon adj. 低碳的vehicle n. 交通工具，车辆decade n. 十年petrol n. 汽油engine n. 发动机，引擎plant n. 工厂；发电厂oxygen n. 氧气词性(词形)变化1. production n. 生产；产量 produce v. 生产，制造 product n. 作品， 产物 producer 生产者 productive 多产的；有收获的 2. greedy adj. 贪心的；贪婪的 greed n. 贪心，贪婪3. responsibility
4、 n. 责任；职责 responsible adj. 有责任的，应负责的4. belief n. 信念；相信 believe v. 相信5. environmental adj. 环境的 environment n. 环境 6. operate v. 操作；运转；起作用 operation n. 运转；操作 operator 操作者；技师7. arrival n. 到达，到来 arrive vi. 到达，抵达8. impress vt.使印象深刻 impression n. 印象impressive 给人印象深刻的9. illegal adj. 非法的 legal adj. 合法的10. ap
5、preciate vt. 赏识；感激 appreciation n. 鉴赏；认识11. electrical adj. 与电有关的 electric adj. 用电的 electricity n. 电； 电流 electronic 电子的 12. flow vi. 流动 flowed 过去式 flowed 过去分词（二）重点短语open the floor自由发言 use up/run out (of)用尽；用完；耗尽cut back on production削减产量 upon the arrival of spring春天一来be concerned about对关心 take steps
6、 to do sth.采取措施做某事at the same time同时 pick out挑出，辨认出clean up打扫（清除）干净 raise concern 引起关注be bad for对有害 put in danger置于危险中queue up排队等候 in/with regard to关于raw materials 原材料 blame on将归咎于under way进行中 let off 排放，使（炸药等）爆炸in particular特别 do ones part 尽某人的职责result in引起，导致 see. as.把看作二课中重点知识复习(一)、重点词汇1.【原句再现】Th
7、ese boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs. (P22)这些捕捞船捕捞大量的鱼类，根本不让它们有产卵的时间。【诊断练习】翻译句中划线部分The hen lays eggs every day. _Please lay the table for dinner. _The couple laid aside some money for their old age. _The president laid great emphasis on would peace. _Some worker
8、s were laid off because of a shortage of materials. _ 【师生共同总结】lay 词性v 词义：产卵，下蛋，放置，摆放lay 过去式laid 过去分词laid 现在分词layinglie词义“躺，位于，呈状态，在于” 过去式lay 过去分词lain 现在分词lyinglie词义“说谎” 过去式lied过去分词lied 现在分词lyingThere lay a boy lying that the cock laid an egg in his house.那儿躺着一个小男孩撒谎说公鸡在他家下了一只蛋。【即时巩固】单项选择题 No sooner
9、_ down on bed _the telephone rangA. had he lain, than B. had he lied, when C. did he lie, than D. had he laid, beforeHearing a scream, I rushed downstairs only to see my hostess _on the floor. A. laying unconscious B. lying unconsciousC. lay unconsciously D. lying unconsciously答案AB2. 【原句再现】It is cle
10、ar that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.(P23)很显然，你们对环境的现状很担忧。【诊断练习】翻译划线部分的意思My greatest concern is what she thinks of me. The boys poor health concerned his parents. Were all concerned about her safety. We read stories concerning visitors from outer space. The p
11、ersons concerned are to be punished.As far as Im concerned, I dont mind that you wear this mini-skirt.科网【师生共同总结】concern n 担心，忧虑；所关切的事 v使某人担心 concerning prep 关于(某人/某事物)concerned adj. 作表语时 意为：关切的，关心的；作后置定语时，意思为：相关的，有关的as/so far as sb./sth. is concerned这个句型用来引出个人的观点与看法，意为： 就某人/某事而言【即时巩固】单项选择题 _, educat
12、ion is about learning and the more you learn, the more equipped for life you are.A. As far as I concern B. As far as I am concernedC. So far as I am concerning D. So far as I was concernedYue Yue, _ 2-year-old girl who was twice run over by vans and then ignored by 18 passers-by as she lay criticall
13、y injured on a street, draws _ concern from all over the country.A. the, / B. a, the C. a; / D. the, a 答案BC3. 【原句再现】They think of greedy businessmen hiding from their responsibilities and only worrying about money.(P23)他们会联想到贪婪的商人逃避社会责任，一味关心金钱。【诊断练习】根据汉语句子完成英语句子Our business is a _. 我们的公司实行共同责任制。_ lo
14、ck the doors. 我负责锁门。Dont worry. If anything goes wrong，Ill _ it. 没关系，出了问题我承担责任。The father of a family should _. 一家之父应有更多的责任感。【答案】Our business is a joint/shared responsibility.Its my responsibility to lock the doors.Dont worry.If anything goes wrong，Ill take responsibility for it.The father of a fami
15、ly should have more sense of responsibility.【师生共同总结】a sense of responsibility责任感responsibility to/towards对的职责 have/take responsibility for对负责throw responsibility on sb.把责任推给某人responsible adj.负有责任的；负责的be responsible for对负责【即时巩固】完成句子My husband _(负责组织)the trip.Parents_(对负责任)their childrens safety.Its_(
16、他的责任感)that saved all the peoples lives.4. 【原句再现】The people operating these factories are deeply concerned about the environment.(P23)这些工厂的经营者非常关心环境。【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成汉语句子The doctors decided to operate on her immediately.医生决定 。This company is operating a new economic policy.这个公司正在 。Is this rule in operat
17、ion？这条规则 ？We will have to perform an operation on his eyes.我们得 。【师生共同总结】operate on sb.给某人动手术 perform an operation on sb. 给某人做手术come into operation开始运转；实施起来 put.into operation使运转；使实施in operation工作中；实施中；还有效【即时巩固】完成句子这台电梯运转不正常。The lift _.这个法律什么时候生效？When does the law _？这机器正在运转中。The machine is _.这法律已经实施了
18、。The law has _.5. 【原句再现】It would be a shame if they were destroyed because of peoples activities there.(P29)如果它们是因为人类在那儿的活动而遭受破坏，那真是一件遗憾的事情。【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成汉语句子Its a shame to treat animals like that.那样对待动物真是 。He had no sense of shame and never felt guilty.他毫无 ，而且从不觉得内疚。What a shame that I failed in th
19、e midterm examinations！我期中考试不及格， ！Are you not ashamed of your shameful behavior?你不以你的可耻的行为而 ？【师生共同总结】to ones shame令某人感到羞愧的是feel shame at.因而感到羞愧What a shame！What a pity！真遗憾！真可惜！Its a shame(做)某事真可惜/遗憾shameful adj.(行为)可耻的；丢脸的shameless adj.无耻的；不知羞耻的ashamed adj.羞愧的(只作表语)be ashamed of因感到羞耻be ashamed to do
20、 sth.因惭愧而不情愿；因尴尬而勉强【即时巩固】用shame，ashamed，shameful填空He was _ to admit his guilt.But all these attempts ended in _ defeat.What a _ for you to cheat others!【答案】ashamedshamefulshame6. 【原句再现】The centre has over 300 scientists devoted to finding measures that will stop desertification. (P33) 这该中心有300多名致力于找
21、到阻止沙漠化措施的科学家。【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成汉语句子 The government has promised to _help the unemployed.采取措施He has his clothes made _.按照他的尺寸The tailor _ me for a suit. 测量尺寸These products _ to the national standards.达到标准。His contributions to his country is _.无法估量答案take measures to to his measure measured measure up beyo
22、nd measure【师生共同总结】measure n.措施，方法；尺度 vt. 测量；估量，判定measurable adj. 可度量的，明显的 measured adj. 慎重的，仔细斟酌的measureless adj. 无限的，不可估量的take measures/steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事 make .to ones measure依照某人的尺寸定做 beyond measure 非常地，过度地，无法估量的 measure against 拿和比(长度)in large measure/ in some measure在很大/某种程度上 measure up t
23、o/with 达到，符合标准【即时巩固】单项选择题 A fully grown blue whale _110 feet in height and _several tons.A. is measured; weighsB. measures; weighsC. is measured; is weighedD. measures; is weighedI realized strength and courage arent always _ in medals and victories, but in the efforts we make.A. measuredB. praised
24、C. tested D. increasedIt is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some _ over 90 metres.A. measure B. measures C. measuring D. measured答案BAB7. 【原句再现】Nor is it good news for the wide range of fish and wildlife that live in or along the river.(P38)对生活在江中或岸边的大量鱼类和野生生物来说也是个不好的消息。【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成
25、汉语句子The hotel offers_ acilities. 这家宾馆提供一系列设施。It is _ of my ability. 这超出了我的能力范围 Accommodation_ tourist class_ luxury hotels.从经济旅馆到豪华旅馆答案The hotel offers a wide range of facilities. It is beyond the range of my ability. Accommodation ranges from tourist class to luxury hotels.【师生共同总结】range vi. & n. 范围
26、，界限 ；(在一定范围内)变化，变动within/in the range of在范围内 a range of一系列out of/beyond/outside the range of超出了的范围 beyond/out of ones range超出了某人能承受的范围range fromto /range betweenand在范围内变化8. 【原句再现】The efforts of the Chinese government and people to protect this muchloved river will be appreciated for years to come.(P
27、38)中国政府和人民为保护这条他们所挚爱的河流所作的努力，在不远的将来必会受到赞赏。【诊断练习】单项选择题 The reporter said that the survivors greatly _ the firefighters rescue after the big fire.A. chargedB. appreciatedC. harmedD. solvedI would appreciate if you could teach me how to use the computer. A. that B. this C. it D. youAs I will be away fo
28、r at least a year, Id appreciate from you now and then me how everyone is getting along.A. hearing; tellB. to hear; tell C. hearing; telling D. to hear; to tell答案BCC【师生共同总结】appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会appreciation n. 欣赏；感激appreciaten./pron. 重视、感激 appreciate doing sth. 感谢做某事appreciate ones doing sth. 感谢
29、某人做某事 I would appreciate it if . 假如 我将不胜感激【即时巩固】翻译下列句子I appreciate your understanding. 。I would appreciate it if you can take care of my dog. 。At that time, nobody appreciated the value of the stone. 。【答案】非常感谢你的理解。如果你能帮忙照顾一下我的小狗，我会不胜感激。当时没有人认识到这块石头的价值。9. 【原句再现】Last but not least, you can plant a tre
30、e, because trees absorb the carbon dioxide in the air to produce oxygen.(P39)最后但并非最不重要，你可以种一棵树，因为树木可以吸收空气中的二氧化碳，制造氧气。【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成汉语句子Its a lot of information to absorb all at once.有很多信息 。The film Inception has totally absorbed the childrens attention.电影盗梦空间完全 。His business absorbs him.He is absorb
31、ed in his business.他 处理业务。In cold climates，houses need to have walls that will absorb heat.在寒冷的气候中，房子需要有 墙。【师生共同总结】absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意力 be absorbed in . 全神贯注于be lost in 全神贯注于，沉湎于 be occupied in 使忙碌于，使从事于be addicted to 沉迷于 be devoted to 致力于，献身于【即时巩固】单项选择题 She was so _ in her job that she did
32、nt hear anybody knocking at the door.A. attracted B. absorbed C. drawn D. concentrated_ to playing computer games, he is always absent from school. A. Obsessed B. Addicted C. Abandoned D. Absorbed 答案BB10. 【原句再现】It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make a
33、nd buy.(P22)尽力削减产量并减少我们制造和购买的东西数量是我们的责任。 【诊断练习】翻译句中划线部分To save money, we should cut back on our spending. Many companies are cutting back on staff in time of financial crisis. If we cannot sell more, we will have to cut back on production. 【答案】减少花销 裁员 减少产量【师生共同总结】cut across走捷径，抄近路 cut off隔绝、断绝、（电路）切
34、断、“剪下”、“砍掉”；cut up切割开来、切碎 cut through凿穿、穿过、穿透；抄近路cut down 砍倒、 削减、压缩， cut in插话 cut out剁碎, 砍碎，剪裁，剪下选用上述词组填空We are going to the mountain to build a free way here.She the cake and gave each of us a piece.The flood the villagers from the rest of the world.Youd better the article to about 2,000 words.Dont
35、 try to while others are talking. In order not to be late, she the fields.【答案】cut through cut up cutoff cut down cut in cut across/through【即时巩固】单项选择题 (2013陕西卷)My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least he has_. A. cut out B. cut down C. cut up D. cut off Military helicopters dropped food
36、 and medicine to the earthquake survivors that remained _ in remote mountain villages.A. cut offB. paid offC. put offD. laid offThe old man showed us how to _ part of the surface of the wood and let a pattern in.A. cut downB. cut inC. cut outD. cut up答案BAC11. 【原句再现】The number of people in the world
37、keeps growing, and we are producing more rubbish and using up more raw materials. (P25) 世界人口的数量不断增长，我们不断制造更多的垃圾，消耗更多的原材料。What if they run out? (P25) 如果它们用完了怎么办呢？【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成汉语句子We have run out of the money our mother gave us.我们 妈妈给的钱。She has run out of her money and her patience is also running ou
38、t.她的钱 ，她的耐心也要 了。My money has been used up, so I have to return home.我的钱 ，因此我必须回家。His strength gave out after he ran that long distance.跑完这么长一段距离，他已 。【师生共同总结】run out of 意为“用完了”，是及物动词短语，表示主动意义，主语一般是人。run out 意为“用完了”，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。use up “用完， 消耗尽”，为及物动词短语。give out“用尽，精疲力竭”，为不及物动词短语。I need
39、your help, for I have run out of my money / have used up my money.I need your help, for my money has run out/has been used up/has been run out of.【即时巩固】单项选择题 (2012重庆卷) Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _.We must act immediately before theres left.A. have run out B. are running out C. have bee
40、n run out D. are being run outThe people in the war area have _food. They are in a very difficult situation.A. run out B. used up C. been run out of D. been used up答案BB12. 【原句再现】There are also things that can be done at a national or international level, such as sharing information between countries
41、 and using satellites to pick out areas likely to be affected by desertification.(P33)还有一些可以从国家或国际高度来做的事情，比如在国家之间共享信息、使用卫星找出可能受荒漠化影响的地区。【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成汉语句子Pick out two similar brands of a product a name-brand butter and a generic (无商标产品), for example. 品牌的某一产品，例如，有品牌名字的黄油和无商标的黄油。At once I picked out m
42、y elder brother in the crowd.我立刻在人群中 。I have to pick out its meaning with the help of an English translation.我必须借助英文的译文才能 。【师生共同总结】pick out常指按照个人喜爱或希望进行挑选。它的另一个意思是“辨认，认出”。select指有目的、仔细认真地选择，常常含有淘汰的意思。choose通常只在所提供的对象中经过考虑，凭个人的 判断进行选择。常常指一般意义上的选择。John tried on several jackets, and at last chose a ver
43、y nice one. 约翰试穿了好几件甲克衫，最后选中了一件十分满意的。 He has a copy of Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung. 他有一套毛泽东选集。 【即时巩固】单项选择题 Ifyouhadto_betweenstayingherealoneorgoingwithme,whatwouldyoudo?A. arrange B. differ C. select D. chooseIt was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly _ my friend.A. turn out B. bring outC.
44、 call out D. pick out答案DD(二)重点句型1. 【原句再现】It is clear that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.(P23) 很显然，你们对环境的现状很担忧。【句法分析】本句中使用了“it+连系动词be+表语+that从句”的句型。句中“that”引导的是主语从句。It代替真正的主语作形式主语。【考点聚焦】考查的重点在于引导主语从句的连接词。【即时巩固】单项选择题 (2009天津卷)It is obvious to the students _ they
45、 should get well prepared for their future. A. as B. which C. whether D. that(2010浙江卷) It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether答案DB2. 【原句再现】However, I do agree that we should produce more things f
46、rom materials that have been recycled，and less from raw materials, the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller.(P23)然而，我非常赞同我们应该利用回收材料制造更多的产品，减少原材料的使用，因为原材料的供应越来越紧张。【句法分析】本句中使用了“the+名词+介词+which非限制性定语从句”的句型。【考点聚焦】该结构的几种变形：不定代词介词关系代词Last week, only two people came to look at the house, neither
47、of whom wanted to buy it.数词介词关系代词The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad. the名词介词关系代词The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of which were made of small diamonds.注意：本句中的“the hands of which”还可以说出成“of which the hands”或“whose hands”。the形容词比较级(最高级)介
48、词关系代词There are two buildings, the larger of which stands nearly a hundred feet high. 介词whose名词Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from whose effects people are still suffering. 【即时巩固】单项选择题 (2012四川卷)In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses.A. in whom B. in them C.
49、of whom D. of them(2010江苏卷) The newly built caf, the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.A. that B. it C. what D. which 答案CD3. 【原句再现】What if they run out? (P25)如果它们用完了怎么办呢？【句法分析】What if 后跟陈述句表示“假使呢？”“若是又怎么样？”。本句=what should we do if they ru
50、n out?【考点聚焦】常考的类似的省略句：Whats up? 意为：怎么了/有什么事吗？有何贵干？表示关心或关注。So what? 意为：那又怎么样？表示无所谓的态度。How come? 意为：怎么回事？怎么搞的？为什么？怎么会这样？通常用在你觉得奇怪而问问什么的时候。当你不愿意回答别人的某个问题时也可说How come?意思是“Why do you ask that? Its none of your business.”Why not 意为：表示同意或赞成，意为：好的；可以呀；为什么不可以呢。表示劝告、建议或命令，意为：怎么样；为什么不呢。用来询问原因(有时表示一种不可理解的心情)，意为
51、：为什么；为什么不呢。表示坚持自己的观点、态度或做法，意为：为什么不呢。【即时巩固】单项选择题 (2013江苏卷)The T-shirt I received is not the same as is shown online. ? But I promise you well look into it right away.A. Who says B. How come C. What for D. Why worry(2012重庆卷)Look, here comes your dream girl. Invite her to dance._ What if she refuses me
52、?A.I dont know. B. Why me? C. With pleasure. D. So what?Ill take the driving test this month._ you should fail.A. Why not B. How everC. What ofD. What if答案BAD4. 【原句再现】There is no doubt that the world climate has been changing in recent years.(P39)毫无疑问，世界气候在近几年发生着变化。【句法分析】本句中用的是“There is no doubt tha
53、t.”句型。句中“that”引导的是同位语从句。【考点聚焦】“There is no doubt ”后面接that从句引导同位语从句。“There is some doubt”后面接whether引导的同位语从句。【即时巩固】单项选择题 There is no doubt _ we will win the match, with the best players and our experienced coach. A. why B. which C. that D. whenThere is some doubt among people_$ 749 is too much for an iphone4A. that B. whether C. what D. if答案CB 来k.Com三课后（段落写作作文纸上写）
