1、2014高考英语阅读理解展望训练（9）及答案 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIt takes more than just practice to become an Olympian. Gold medal performances require some serious nutrition. Have you ever wondered what these successful athletes eat to stay in peak shape?Keri Glassman,
2、 a registered dietitian and founder of Nutritious Life Meals, appeared on “Good Morning America” today to give you a glimpse into the diets of some top athletes. Some of their meals could surprise you.Crazy Calorie CountGlassman said Olympians eat a lot of food- quantities that for ordinary people w
3、ould constitute pigging out.One secret of swimmer Michael Phelps astonishing performance in the 2008Olympics in Beijing was consuming as many as 12,00 calories in one day.Athletes can eat like this and not gain any weight because their workouts are intense. According to Glassman, Phelps workouts can
4、 burn 4,000 to 6,000 calories in a day, and those calories must be added in order to train the following day.Snacking SecretsSome athletes eat strange foods that improve their performance. Yohan Blake, the Jamaica sprinter and 100-meter world champion, has stolen champion sprinter Usain Bolts thunde
5、r on the track during the Olympic trials, Asked about how he gets his energy. Blake answered that he eats 16 bananas per day ,Glassman said.Jonathan Horton, the lead gymnast on the Us team, has a blood sugar problem. His solution is honey. When he starts to feel shaky at the gym, he takes honey to b
6、oost his energy, Classman said.Foods for RecoveryWhat are the best foods to help the body recover after harsh competition?For Olympic swimmer Ryan Lochte, the recovery meal is grilled chicken breasts with Alfredo sauce, whole-grain spaghetti and a salad with lemon juice and olive oil. Lochte, who re
7、cently cut out junk food, candy and soda, has undertaken a strength-training regimen(养生法)that involves flipping tractor tires, and tossing beer kegs, Glassman said.56.Whats the best title of this passage?A.Good Diet Makes a True Olympian.B.Olympians Have Olympic-size Appetites.C.OlympiansStrange Eat
8、ing Habits.D.The Diest of Some Top Olympic Athletes.【答案】D【解析】第一段是中心段落。成为奥运选手不仅仅需要锻炼，获得金牌还需要营养。57.What does the underlined sentence probably mean? A.Ordinary people eat few pigs compared with Olympians. B.Olympians eat a lot more food than ordinary people. C.Olympians tend to eat a lot of high-qualit
9、y food. D.Olympians eat a large amount of food, just like pigs.【答案】B【解析】前一句说奥运选手吃很多食物。划线部分在破折号之后， 是对前面话语的补充。58.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.Ryan Lochte quit eating junk food , candy and soda for his better recovery. B.Yohan Blake finally beat Usain Bolt in the 100-meter
10、 track in the Olympics. C.Michael Phelpsastonishing performance was due to his eating lots of food. D.Jonathan Horton has a blood sugar problem because of taking too much honey.【答案】A【解析】根据最后一段，最后一句可知A正确。59.Which of the following is not the best food to help the body recover? A.Soda. B.Olive oil. C.W
11、hole-grain spaghetti. D. A salad with lemon juice.【答案】A【解析】从最后一段最后一句可以得知Lochte为了恢复砍掉了junk food, candy and soda，可知，soda不是最好的帮助身体恢复的食物。60.The passage is most likely to be found in . A.a technical report B.a fashion magazine C.an education column D.a sports newspaper【答案】D【解析】本文说的是运动员与饮食，所以这篇文章可能出现在报纸的体
12、育版面。 阅读理解推理判断Passage * (西城质检) Among various programmes, TV talk shows have covered every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one is different in style (风格) ? But no two shows are more opposite in content, while at the same time standing out abov
13、e the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Gprah Winfrey shows. Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of rubbish talk. The contents on his show are as surprising as can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show titles of love, sex, cheating and hate, to a different leve
14、l. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is about the dark side of society, yet people are willing to eat up the troubles of other peoples lives. Like jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its top, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show is mainly about the improvement of society
15、 and difference, quality (质量) of life. Contents are from teaching your children les- sons, managing your work week to getting to know your neighbours. Cormpared to Oprah, the jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being poured into society. Jerry ends every show with a final word. He makes a
16、 small speech about the entire idea of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.Clear as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The shows main viewers are middle class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and ability to deal with
17、 lifes tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of a connection with the young adults of society. These are 18to-21-year-olds whose main troubles in life include love, rela- tionship, sex, money and drug. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned through the
18、 shows exploitation. 1. Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are _. A. more interesting B. unusually popular C. more detailed D. more formal 答案: B 指导：由文章第二段最后一句可知B正确。2. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear unpleasant, people who wat
19、ch the shows _. A. remain interested in them B. are ready to face up to them C. remain cold to them D. are willing to get away from them 答案: A 指导：由第二段的最后一句“ yet people are willing to eat up the troubles of other peoples lives和文章的最后一句 They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned thr
20、ough the shows exploitation可知A正确。3. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the oprah Winfrey show? A. A new type of robot. B. Nation hatred (恨). C. Family income planning. D. Street accident. 答案: C 指导：由文中第三段第二、三句”The show is mainly about the improvement of society and difference,quality o
21、f life Contents are from teaching your children lessons, managing your work week to getting to know your neighhors故C正确。4. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows_. A. have become the only ones of its kind B. exploit the weaknesses in human nature C. appear at different times of the day
22、 D. attract different people 答案：D 指导：由文章最后两段“clear as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The shows main viewers are middle Americans和Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of a connection with the young adults of society, 可在这两个节目吸引不同的人群。*结束阅读理解推理判断Passage*(海淀质检) In October, 1961, at Cro
23、wley Field in Cincinnati, Ohio,an old, deaf gentleman named William E. Hoy stood up to throw the first ball of the World Series. Most people at Crowley Field on that day probably did not remember Hoy because he had retired (退休) from professional baseball 58 years earlier, in 19典型例题ever, he had been
24、an outstanding player and the deaf people still talk about him and his years in baseball. William E. Hoy was born in Houckstown, Ohio, on May 23,1862. He became deaf when he was two years old. He attended the Columbus Ohio School for the deaf. After graduation, he started playing baseball while work
25、ing as a shoemaker. Hoy began playing professional baseball in 1886 for Oshkosh (Wisconsin) of the Northwestern League. In 1888, he started as an outfielder (外场手) with the old Washington Senators. His small figureand speed made him an outstanding base runner. He was very good at stealing bases durin
26、g his career. In the 1888 major league season, he stole 82 bases. He was also the Senators leading hitter in 1888. Hoy was clever; he threw right-handed and batted left-handed. On June 19, 1889, he threw out three batters (击球手)at the plate from his out- field position. The ann signals used by judges
27、 today to show balls and strikes began became of Hoy. The judge lifted his right ann to show that the pitch was a strike, and his left arm to signal that it was a ball. For many years, people talked about Hoys last ball game in 19典型例题was playing for Los Angelesof the Pacific Coast Winter League. It
28、was a memorable game because Hoy made a wonderful play which won the game. It was a very foggy night and, therefore, very hard to see the ball. In the ninth inning (棒球的一局), with two men out, Hoy managed to catch a fly ball to make the third out in spite of the fog. Los Angeles de- feated their oppos
29、ition and won the game. After he retired, Hoy stayed busy. He ran a dairy farm near Cincinnati for 20 years. He also became a public speaker Ired traveled giving speeches. Until a few years before his death, he took 4 and 10 mile walks several mornings a week. 0n December 15, 1961,William E. Hoy die
30、d at the age of 99. 1. In which order did the following things happen in Hoys life? a. Hoy worked as a shoemaker. b. Hoy began to run a dairy farm. c. Hoy played a memorable game in the heavy fog. d. Hoy threw the first ball of the World Series. e. Hoy became deaf. A. d, e, a, c, b B. e, a, c, b, d
31、C. d,a,e,c,b D. e,a,b,c,d 答案: B 指导：由文中第二段可知前三个顺序。2. We can infer from the last paragraph that Hoy _ in his late years. A. became famous B. led a relaxed life C. traveled around the world D. was in good physical condition 答案: D 指导：由最后一段中的倒数第二句“直到他死前的几年中一周有几天的早晨要走4到10里”可知。3. This passage is mainly abo
32、ut _. A. a deaf player devoted to the game of baseball B. baseball game rules and important players C. the rise in the social position of the deaf people D. where the baseball judge hand signals came from答案: A 指导：本文近似一篇新闻报道，第一段是文章的中心句，由此可知。4. What can be inferred from this passage? A. Hoy was the gr
33、eatest baseball player in his time. B. Speaking and listening are not necessary in baseball games. C. The judge had to study the hand signals very seriously. D. Hoys family encouraged him to become a baseball player. 答案：B 指导：由文中的deaf可推导出。*结束 Managers and office busybodies might be keen on a clean de
34、sk-but it seems that in terms of productivity, they could have it all wrong. A messy desk can actually lead people towards clearer thinking, say researchers from Germany. The researchers found in a series of linked studies- using a messy desk and a messy shop front -that people actually thought more
35、 clearly when all around was chaos, as they sought to simplify the tasks at hand. That is ,visual and mental clutter（杂乱）forces human beings to focus and think more clearly. For instance, famous thinkers and writers such as Albert Einstein and Roald Dahl have been notorious for their untidy desks. “M
36、essy desks may not be as detrimental as they appear to be, as the problem-solving approaches they seem to cause can boost work efficiency or emhance employees creativity in problem solving,” say the authors.Oddly, the effect seems to work most on conservatives-political liberals are less liable to b
37、e worried about mess in the first place, say the researchers. “Business and government managers often promote clean desk policies to avoid disorganized offices and messy desks, for the purpose of boosting work efficiency and productivity.” Writes a researcher, Jia Liu of the University of Groningen,
38、 “This practice is based on the conventional wisdom that a disorganized and messy environment can clutter ones mind and complicate ones judgments”“However, not all evidence supports this conventional link between a messy environment and a messy mind”. The scientists tested peoples response in variou
39、smessyenvironments, including a messy shop front, a disorganized desk, and even a work environment where a language taskremindedpeople of messiness.The authors found in the series of six studies that people tended towards simplicity in their thinking.“They categorized products in a simpler manner, w
40、ere willing to pay more for a T-shirt that depicts a simple-looking picture, and sought less variety in their choices”, said the researchers.61.According to the text, a proper way to lead people towards clearer thinking is to . A.make a list of priorities B.simplify the tasks at hand C.follow famous
41、 people D.mess up their mind【答案】B【解析】根据第二段第一句可知 当四周混乱的时候，他们的思维更清晰。因为他们试图简化手头的工作。62.Why did the author take Albert Einstein and Ronald Dahl for example? A.To tell readers untidy desks can make you as famous as celebrities. B.To convince readers that untidiness is not all that bad. C.To inform readers
42、 of one way to success-untidy desks. D.To attract readers and show the authors wide range of knowledge.【答案】B【解析】第二段倒数第二句“视觉上和精神上的杂乱迫使人们集中注意力思维更清晰”；最后一句接着举了Albert Einstein and Ronald Dahl的例子，就是为了说明上一句的。63.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.A messy environment will certainly le
43、ad to a messy mind. B.A clean environment will do great harm to work efficiency. C.People tend to clear up the mess before thinking clearly. D.All people are not in favor of “clean desk” in the office.【答案】D【解析】D项的意思是“并不是所有人都赞成办公室里清洁的桌子”。可从倒数第三段东一句可知。64.The underlined word “detrimental” probably mean
44、s . A.disadvantageous B.useful C.beneficial D.accessible【答案】A【解析】根据下句可知“。他们导致的解决问题的方法能够促进工作效率”。所以第一句的意思是“杂乱的桌子看上去似乎不想他们看上去那么有害的” 65.What is the main idea for this passage? A.The messier the desks are, the more efficient the employees are. B.Messy desks in the office can have a positive effect on employees. C.We should make our office messy to improve our work efficiency. D.Clean desks can boost the employees productivity and creativity.【答案】B【解析】第一段最后一句可知。