1、2014高考英语完形填空基础训练题（138）及答案完形填空（A）When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was _1_to see that it was an English dictionary, also known as a monolingual dictionary._2_it was a dictionary intended for nonnative learners, none of my classm
2、ates had one _3_, to be honest, I found it extremely _4_ to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and _5_ not fully understand the meaning. I was used to the _6_ bilingual dictionaries, in which the words are _7_ both in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt _8_ to make
3、things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I _9_ that monolingual dictionaries are _10_ in learning a foreign language As I found out, there is _11 often no perfect equivalence(对应)between two _12_ in two language. My aunt even goes so far as to 13_ that a
4、Chinese equivalent can never give you the _14_ meaning of a word in English! _15 , she insisted that I read the definition(定 义) of a world in a monolingual dictionary _16_ I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning. _17_, I have come to see what she meant. Using a monolingual dictionary f
5、or learners has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n) _18_ number of words, around 2, 000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am _19_ exposed to(接触)the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. 20 this, I can express myself more e
6、asily in English.( ) 1. A. worried B. sad C. surprised D. nervous( ) 2. A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. If( ) 3. A. but B. so C. or D. and( ) 4. A. difficult B. interesting C. ambiguous D. practical( ) 5. A. thus B. even C. still D. again( ) 6. A. new B. familiar C. earlier D. ordinary( ) 7. A.
7、explained B. expressed C. described D. created( ) 8. A. offered B. agreed C. decided D. happened( ) 9. A. imagine B. recommend C. predict D. understand( ) 10. A. natural B. better C. easier D. convenient( ) 11. A. at best B. in fact C. at times D. in case( ) 12. A. words B. names C. ideas D. charact
8、ers( ) 13. A. hope B. declare C. doubt D. tell( ) 14. A. exact B. basic C. translated D. expected( ) 15. A. Rather B. However C. Therefore D. Instead( ) 16. A. when B. before C. until D. while( ) 17. A. Largely B. Generally C. Gradually D. Probably( ) 18. A. extra B. average C. total D. limited( ) 1
9、9. A. repeatedly B. nearly C. immediately D. anxiously( ) 20. A. According to B. In relation to C. In addition to D. Because of36.C . 通读全文可知,作者是一个中国大学生,中国人学英语,尤其是初学者习惯使用英 汉词典.当作者看到英英词典的时候,他感到吃惊.37.B.前后两句在意义上是让步关系,所以用 although 引导让步状语从句.而 A 项 because 引导原因状语从句;Unless 和 if引导条件状语从句.38.A.此空格处是一个并列连词,连接前后两
10、句.而前后两句之间存在的是转折关系,所以 用 but.39. A.最初用英英词典,不习惯,所以作者感觉用起来很难 difficult.interesting 是有 趣味的意思,根据下文 not fully understand the meaning 不可能是这个答案;ambiguous 是 不明确的;practical 是实用的,这两个词也不符合语境.40.C.句子中有否定词 not,有副词 fully,所以用 still,表示仍然不能够完全的意思.41.B.be used to 表示习惯,对作者来说习惯了双语词典,或者说是英汉词典.这里 指双语词典的使用对他来说是熟悉.42.A.此句是一个
11、 in which 引导的定语从句,其中 words 是主语,根据常识在词典中单词的 意思是被解释出来的,所以用 explained.43.C.我真想知道我姑妈为什么决定这么为难我.其他三个词虽然都跟动词不定式,但是在 这里意思都不恰当.44.D.过去不理解,经过一段时间后,明白了 understand;imagine 是想象的意思; recommend 是推荐的意思;predict 是预测的意思.45.B.此句中 monolingual dictionaries 和 bilingual dictionaries 比较,A 和 D 项没用比较级, better 强调更好,更实用,而 easie
12、r 则不可能.46.B.常见的情况是实际上两种语言之间的两个词没有完全的对应.in fact 表示实际上, 事实上.at best 是至多;充其量;at times 是有时;in case 是万一,以防, 显然 A,C,D 项不合语境.47.A.词典上重点的内容应该是单词.48.B.我姑妈甚至还声称汉语意思决不能给出一个英语单词的确切意思.49.A.前面的 a Chinese equivalent 和 the meaning of a word in English 对应,所表明还是对应 不准确的问题,所以用 exact.50. C.此空后面的句子和前面表示的是一种因果关系,所以用 there
13、fore.51. A.表示当时候,用 when 引导时间状语从句.而 before 通常指在之前; until 指直到时候;while 指在的同时.52. C.该句的谓语 have come to see 是表示变化过程,所以用 gradually 表示渐渐地.53. D.从后面的 around 2,000 可知词典中用于解释词义的词是限制在 2,000 左右.54. A.在有限的范围内,查阅阅读释义的话,就会反复接触基本词汇,学会这些词汇怎样 用来解释事物和观点,所以用 repeatedly 表示反复地,经常地55. D.后面主句部分 I can express myself more ea
14、sily in English.表达的是结果,此处表达的 应该是原因,说明使用这种词典所带来的好处.阅读理解-What does it mean to say that we live in a world of persuasion? It means that we live among competing interests. Your roommates need to study for an exam may take priority (优先) over pizza. Your instructor may have good reasons not to change your
15、 grade. And the object of your romantic/interest may have other choices.In such a world, persuasion is the art of getting others to give fair and favorable consideration to our points of view. When we persuade, we want to influence how others believe and behave. We may not always prevail other point
16、s of view may be more persuasive, depending on the listener, the situation, and the merit of the case. But when we practice the art of persuasion, we try to ensure that our position receives the attention it deserves.Some people, however, object to the very idea of persuasion. They may regard it as
17、an unwelcome interruption into their lives. Just the opposite, we believe that persuasion is unavoidable to live is to persuade. Persuasion may be ethical (合乎道义的) or unethical, selfless or selfish, inspiring or degrading. Persuaders may enlighten our mind or prey on our vulnerability. Ethical persua
18、sion, however, calls on sound reasoning and is sensitive to the feelings and needs of listeners. Such persuasion can help us apply the wisdom of the past to the decisions we now must make. Therefore, the most basic part of education is learning to resist the one kind of persuasion and to encourage a
19、nd practice the other.Beyond its personal importance to us, persuasion is necessary to society. The right to persuade and be persuaded is the bedrock of the American political system, guaranteed by the First Amendment to the Constitution (美国宪法).10. According to the passage, persuasion means _.A. cha
20、nging others points of viewB. exercising power over other peopleC. getting other people to consider your point of viewD. getting people to agree with you and do what you want11. The underlined word in the second paragraph “prevail” means_.A. win B. fail C. speak D. listen12. The passage states that
21、some people object to persuasion because they think it is _.A. a danger to society B. difficult to do wellC. unwelcome behavior D. never successful13. The passage mainly discusses _.A. how people persuadeB. why people persuadeC. that persuasion is both good and badD. that persuasion is important and
22、 it is all around us【答案与解析】10. C 细节题。将第二段中persuasion is the art of getting others to give fair and favorable consideration to our points of view与各选项进行比较可知。11. A 词义题。由破折号后面的句子other points of view may be more persuasive可知，我们不一定占上风，故选A。12. C 细节题。由第三段中第一二句Some peopleinto their lives可知。13. D 主旨题。根据第一段对we
23、 live in a world of persuasion的理解，第三段中we believe that persuasion is unavoidable-to live is to persuade 及最后一段中persuasion is necessary to society与各选项进行比较可确定选D。（A）One night, I was driving down a two-lane highway, not very fast. Another car approached from the 1 direction at about my speed. As we passed
24、 each other, I caught the other drivers eye for only a second, wondering whether he might be thinking, as I was, how 2 we were on each other at that moment. I was relying on him not to fall asleep, not to be put off by a phone conversation, not to cross over into my lane and bring 3 to a sudden end.
25、 Though we had 4 spoken a word to each other, he relied on me in just the same way.That is the way 5 works. We all depend upon 6 , sometimes required simply not to do something like crossing over the double yellow line, and sometimes required to act 7 , with friends or even with strangers.As technol
26、ogy 8 our world, the need for international cooperation increases. In 2003, doctors in five nations were quickly organized to identify the SARS virus, which 9 thousands of lives. The threat of international terrorism has shown itself to be a 10 problem, requiring coordinated police action and intell
27、igence forces across the world. We must recognize that our fates are not ours 11 to control.In my own life, Ive put great belief in personal responsibility. 12 , as the years have passed, Ive also come to believe that there are moments when one must rely upon the good faith and judgment of 13 . So,
28、while each of us faces the case of driving alone down a 14 road, what we must learn is that the approaching light may not be a threat, but a shared moment of 15 .1. A. wrong B. correct C. same D. opposite2. A. trustworthy B. dependent C. conscious D. curious3. A. his conversation B. my phone call C.
29、 my life D. his life4. A. exactly B. hardly C. never D. ever5. A. the car B. the traffic C. our friendship D. the world6. A. one another B. the whole society C. communication D. traffic rules7. A. independentlyB. respectively C. individually D. cooperatively8. A. develops B. enlarges C. shrinks D. i
30、mproves9. A. killed B. threatened C. destroyed D. saved10. A. similar B. different C. serious D. widespread11. A. alike B. alone C. alive D. along12. A. Therefore B. Though C. But D. Thus13. A. friends B. authorities C. oneself D. others 14. A. dark B. two-lane C. double-yellow-lineD. narrow15. A. d
31、ependence B. trust C. safety D. encouragement完形填空-（B）Introduction to Letters to SamDear Reader, Please allow me to tell you something before you read this book. When my 1_, Sam, was born, my heart was filled with joy. I had been sitting in a wheelchair for 20 years before then, and I have been _2_ i
32、ll many times. So I wondered if I would have the _3_ to tell Sam what I had _4_. For years I have been hosting a program on the _5_ and writing articles for a magazine. Being _6_ to move freely, I have learned to sit still and keep my heart _7_, exchanging thoughts with thousands of listeners and _8
33、_. So when Sam was born, I _9_ to tell him about school and friendship, romance and work, love and everything else. Thats how I started to write these _10_. I hope that Sam would _11_ them sooner or later. However, that expectation _12_ when Sam showed signs of autism (自闭症) at the age of two. He had
34、 actually stopped talking before the discovery of the signs. He _13_ to communicate with others, even the family members. That was _14_ for me but didnt stop me writing on. I realized that I had even _15_ now to tell him. I wanted him to _16_ what it means to be different from others, and learn how
35、to fight against the misfortune hell _17_ as I myself, his grandfather, did. I just _18_ if I could write all that I wanted to say in the rest of my life. Now, _19_ the book has been published, I have been given the chance. Every chapter in the book is a letter to Sam: some about my life, and all ab
36、out what it means to be a _20_. Daniel Gottlieb ( ) 1. A. son B. nephew C. brother D. grandson( ) 2. A. seriously B. mentally C. slightly D. quietly ( ) 3. A. ability B. time C. courage D. responsibility ( ) 4. A. written B. suffered C. observed D. lost ( ) 5. A. radio B. television C. stage D. bed
37、( ) 6. A. ready B. unable C. anxious D. eager ( ) 7. A. warm B. broken C. closed D. open ( ) 8. A. hosts B. visitors C. readers D. reporters ( ) 9. A. began B. stopped C. forgot D. decided ( ) 10. A. letters B. emails C. books D. diaries ( ) 11. A. find B. read C. collect D. keep ( ) 12. A. develope
38、d B. disappeared C. changed D. arrived ( ) 13. A. tried B. refused C. regretted D. hoped ( ) 14. A. exciting B. acceptable C. strange D. heartbreaking ( ) 15. A. less B. everything C. more D. nothing ( ) 16. A. understand B. explain C. believe D. question ( ) 17. A. fear B. face C. know D. cause ( )
39、 18. A. felt B. guessed C. saw D. doubted ( ) 19. A. as B. once C. though D. if ( ) 20. A. teacher B. child C. man D. writer36. D 根据 as I myself, his grandfather 可判断,Sam 是我的孙子. 37. A 由 I had been sitting in a wheelchair for 20 years before then 和 I wondered if I would have the time可知作者在这期间重病了几次.所以用
40、seriously. 38. B 由这一段可知,作者是想告诉他的孙子,但担心自己的身体,所以不知道是不是有 时间.此处用 time 符合上下文. 39. C observe 看到,注意到.根据全文内容的理解,作者想告诉他孙子的是他的经历, 只有 observe 合题意. 40. A 由下文的 with thousands of listeners 可知,作者是主持广播节目,所以选 radio. 41. B 由第一段可知,作者在轮椅上待了 20 年,所以不能自由活动.42. D 由下文中与听众和读者交流思想可知,作者敞开心扉,所以选 open. 43. C 由第二段开头可知,作者主持广播节目和为
41、杂志写文章,所以此处是和听众和读者 交流. 44. D 由下句这就是我怎样开始写这些信的可知, 这儿应用 decided.是因为我决定告诉 Sam 学校与友谊,浪漫与工作,爱情与其它一切,才开始写这些信. 45. A 由本文的题目可知是介绍的 Letters to Sam 这本书,下文中也告诉我们这本书的每 一章都是一封信,所以这儿选 A. 46. B 因为信是写给 Sam 的,所以作者希望 Sam 迟早会读到这些信. 47. C 由于 Sam 患了自闭症,所以作者的这种期望改变了. 48. B 因为 Sam 患了自闭症,这儿是说他拒绝与别人交流. 49. D 由上文可知,作者对 Sam 希望很大,而 Sam 却患了自闭症,这对作者来说是令人 心碎的. 50. C 由上面一 句语,但是并没有阻止我继续写下去和下文中的我想让他理解与别人不 同意味着什么,学会和我一样与面对的不幸作斗争可知,作者是有了更多的东西要写.51. A 见第 50 题. 52. 答案 B 见第 50 题. 53. D 由上文可知,作者的身体不好,所以他怀疑他是不是能写下所有他想说的话. 54. A as 引导原因状语从句.句意:因为这本书出版了,所以我有机会让 Sam 看到我所 有想说的话. 55. C 这本书的每一章都是一封信,一些是关于我的,所有都是关于作为一个人意味着什么的.