1、2014高考英语阅读理解基础练习精品题（33）及答案阅读理解It s an endless cultural lesson that s been craved into our heads since we were children, watching cartoons such as The Flintstones（摩登原始人） and playing with Barbie dolls: If you are a woman, you should be extremely thin; if you are a man, you should be big and strongAnd
2、while weve grown accustomed to research finding that such stereotypes （固有观点） play a part in the workplace obese women, for example, have a harder time climbing up the career stairway a recent study has found that a worker s body size can have a big effect on the size of his or her pay envelopeThe st
3、udy found that obese people were identified as undisciplined, dishonest and less likely to do creative workOn the contrary, the researchers point out that employers and fellow employees associate values of self-discipline, hard work and confidence with thin peopleExperts say it s just another sign t
4、hat as a society, weve fixed into our heads the unrealistic, media-driven physical ideals that show up in the workplace and therefore the walletThe researchers say that employers don t purposely think of these things when they re evaluating a personMuch of the problem is the result of unconscious de
5、cisions based on deep-rooted social stereotypesIt s no secret that the mass media have much to do with what decides the image our society finds pleasing and acceptableTV shows such as Mad Men and NCIS present powerful men with a very cool lookCougar Town on the other hand, celebrates skinny career w
6、oman Jules Cobb, a successful businessman who claims she s never eaten real ice cream because she s so concerned about her weightThe researchers suggest that employers look at their assumptions about employees weight, because they may be rooted in discriminationAn employment lawyer, Marshall Tanick,
7、 will be leading a conference this spring on how weight and attractiveness relate to unfair treatment, especially salaries in the workplaceNationally, there have been few claims, the lawyer saidSome cases have simply not been very solid , he said, and some employees have been too embarrassed to foll
8、ow through with a caseIn addition, discrimination cases are generally tough to win, because so much is subjective That would be an uphill battle, he said72According to the body-size stereotypes we can infer that _ Aan extremely thin woman is unacceptable Ban obese person tends to be hard-working Can
9、 attractive person tends to get higher salary Da strong man is suitable for tough work73We can conclude from the passage that the body-size stereotypes _ Aare formed through constant influence of media Bhave become quite unacceptable to people Cresult from people s unconscious responses Dare playing
10、 an important role in people s daily life74The lawyer said the underlined words at the end of the passage because _ Apeople are unaware of the size-discrimination Bstereotypes influence people s judgment in size-discrimination cases Cthe employers wouldnt abandon their unfair treatment Devidences ar
11、e hard to obtain in a size-discrimination case75What s the best possible title for the passage? AAn Unwinning Uphill Battle BWhen it comes to salary, body size matters CSay No to Size-Discrimination DHow Social Stereotypes make a difference to us阅读理解- AMillions of girls grow up with the hope of beco
12、ming a famous singer. Some even win local talent competitions as children, but only a few such early successes and dreams turn into reality. Jessica Andrews is one of the few whose dreams have come true. Andrews, first taste of success came at the age of 10. She won a talent competition in her home
13、town of Huntingdon, Tennessee, singing I Will Always Love You, originally sung by Whitney Houston. Houstons version of the song appeared on The Bodyguard sound track, which happened to be the first album Andrews ever bought. Within two years, talk of Andrews had spread to Nashville and caught the at
14、tention of producer Byron Gallimore, whose credits include work with Tim McGraw, Faith Hill, and Jo Dee Messina.With Gallimore signed on to produce, Andrews soon had a recording contract (合同)with Dream Works Nashville label. Andrews professional career was launched with 1999s Heart Shaped World, rec
15、orded when she was 14 years old. The album included the country hit I Will Be There For You, which also appeared on The Prince Of Egypt. She followed up the release of the album by touring as a support act for such country superstars as Faith Hill and Trisha Yearwood. With the release of 2001s Who I
16、 Am, Andrews became a star in her own right. The album was certified (证明）gold for sales of 500,000 copies. Andrews returned in April 2003 with Now，an album that she promised would show a new side of the young artist. This album has a very different feeling for me, she said. Its a lot more personal a
17、nd theres a confidence that wasnt quite there on the first two. I feel especially connected to this group of songs.56. Whats the meaning of the underlined word “launched”in the fourth paragraph?A. Aimed. B. Sent. C. Started. D. Set.57. Which of the following statements is WRONG according to the pass
18、age?A. The Bodyguard was the first album Andrews ever bought.B. After Andrews sang Who I Am，she became a star in her own right.C. I Will Always Love You was originally sung by Whitney Houston.D. Now expresses a new feeling of Andrews.58. Which of the following may NOT be Andrews album?A. Now. B. Hea
19、rt Shaped World. C. The Prince of Egypt. D. Who I Am.59. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Jessica Andrews Life B. Jessica Andrews DreamC. Jessica Andrews Songs D. Jessica Andrews Success as a Singer参考答案56-59 CBCD *结束 The brightest object in the evening sky after the sun and
20、 the moon isnt a star, but a planet. Its Venus，our closest neighbor and the second planet from the sun. Venus is so bright that you can see it both at night and in the early morning. This caused some confusion for ancient Egyptian (埃及的）and Greek (希腊的)star observers. Because they saw Venus at two dif
21、ferent times, they thought it was two different planets. What makes Venus so bright? Huge clouds, 20 miles thick, completely surround it and reflect 75% of the light from the sun that strike them. For a long time, these clouds caused Venus to be a great mystery (谜）to the worlds astronomers. If, like
22、 other clouds, the ones on Venus were made up of water vapors (水汽），could there not be life hiding beneath them on the planet? Were there “Venusians (金星人)” waiting to communicate with us on Earth? It was an exciting thought, but on that the Mariner recently landed to rest. The Mariner thoroughly exam
23、ined Venus and its atmosphere, only to find that the cloud cover was made mostly of deadly carbon dioxide (二氧化碳）gas. The atmospheric pressure was 15 to 22 times greater than on Earth, which further disproved the theory of life on Venus. And what did the Mariner find under the clouds? A world of grea
24、t mountains and smooth areas, dry as a bone. The temperature is about 900F. Thats hot. Although the greatest mystery has been solved, there are still others waiting for us on Venus. Why does Venus rotate (自转）so slowly? What is the inside of Venus like? And most important of all, why is there no wate
25、r on Venus? If, as it was thought, it was formed about the same time as our planet, it should have water. These questions and others may some day be answered. Until then, Venus will continue to be the brightest mystery in the sky.60. Venus is very bright because _ .A. the clouds surrounding it take
26、in 75% of the sunlight striking themB. the clouds surrounding it throw back 3/4 of the sunlight striking themC. 75% of the clouds surrounding it are made up of water vaporD. 3/4 of the clouds surrounding it are made up of carbon dioxide gas61. The Mariner is probably the name of _.A. an astronomer B
27、. a planet C. a star D. a spaceship62. From the passage we can tell that _ .A. astronomers still wonder whether Venus is as old as the Earth B. Venusians are trying to get in touch with us on EarthC. there are many volcanoes and other natural wonders on VenusD. whether there is life on Venus is stil
28、l a question 63. What section of a newspaper is the passage probably taken from?A. Scientific Technology B. Science Fictions C. Brief News D. Science & Discovery参考答案60-63 BDAD 阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADear Rudyard Kipling,Father has consistently tried to ins
29、till(灌输) a sense of being a man in me ever since I was very young. When I reached the age of twelve he began taking me to his auto body shop. He told me this tough job would build me into a man of character. But this all changed a year ago when my mother passed away and stumbled upon your poem, If.M
30、y mother was the person who could understand me. If I ever got tired during my work hours at the shop I could call her to come and pick me up. It was my mother who instilled the love of literature and languages in me. My mother spoke six languages fluently and had thousands of books, which still sit
31、 in the attic of our house. It was in this “library” of hers that I picked up a book of poetry from a cold metal shelf and found your poem, If. Because of the death of my mother I felt alone, as if I belonged to no family. The image of a man was completely shattered when I saw him break down and cry
32、, which looked so pathetic（凄惨的）and “unmanly” compared to his usual stoic（禁欲主义者）and emotionless countenance. Yet I remained silent remembering the golden words: “If you can keep your head when all about you/ Are losing theirs and blaming it on you youll be a Man, my son!”If reminded me to remain calm
33、 and “keep my head” because I wanted to be a man and wanted to be the one supporting my family. I sacrificed my ability to compete in a winter sport so that I could stay home and cook for my family and clean the house. My father saw this and our relationship has grown much stronger. He finally respe
34、cted me for who I was and told me he was proud to have a man for his son. Through this poem, I realize that to be a man is not about putting weights on a barbell（杠铃）but rather putting the weight of others on your back. Your poem was so much more than just a simple list of guidelines or morals that s
35、ome see it as; it really changed my life and my relationship with my dad. 41. According to the passage, what kind of person does the authors father expect him to be?A. A person who will shoulder responsibilities.B. A person who knows how to earn a lot of money.C. A person who knows how to do housewo
36、rk.D. A person who respects his parents.【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据Father has consistently tried to instill(灌输) a sense of being a man in me ever since I was very young.作者的父亲想要他成为一个真正的能肩负起责任的男人，故选A。42. Who does the underlined word “him” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. the character in the poem B. the authors fath
37、erC. the author D. an unknown person【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题。根据The image of a man was completely shattered when I saw him break down and cry,可知这里指的是作者自己，是作者痛苦，因为自己的母亲去世，故选C。43. According to the passage, a man in the authors mind would have the following qualities EXCEPT _.A. responsible B. calm C. caring D. e
38、nthusiastic 【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。responsible有责任心的； calm镇静的； caring爱心，有同情心的； enthusiastic热情的。根据because I wanted to be a man and wanted to be the one supporting my family. 作者认为人要有责任心；If you can keep your head when all about you/ Are losing theirs and blaming it on you youll be a Man, my son 这里作者引用母亲的话来说明人在遇
39、到事情时要镇静；要If I ever got tired during my work hours at the shop I could call her to come and pick me up.作者认为要有爱心；只有选项D的热情没有提到，故选D。44. We can learn from the passage that _. A. the poem has helped to improve the relationship between the author and his fatherB. the author would not know how to help his f
40、amily without the poemC. the authors father must have read the poem as wellD. the authors mother had told him about this poem before 【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Your poem was so much more than just a simple list of guidelines or morals that some see it as; it really changed my life and my relationship with my
41、dad.那首诗帮助改善了作者和父亲的关系，故选A。45. The author has written this letter to _.A. share with Rudyard Kipling his sadness resulting from the death of his mother B. show his appreciation for the positive influence the poem has brought to himC. share his opinion on the poemD. tell Rudyard Kipling how he got the
42、poem 【答案】B 【解析】作者意图题。根据短文的内容可知作者想让我们知道那首诗带给他的积极的影响。阅读理解 Read these unusual news articles.1.Tom Smith has been banned from the bedroom by fed-up wife Mary: She gave him his marching orders after Tom had been hiccupping(打嗝) none for seven days. She sent her husband to the spare bedroom.2. A senior Swi
43、ss school teacher aged 105 was told to go to school. Apparently, a computer error had taken a century off his age. The former history teacher said, “Im sure I could still learn something.”3. Company managers had to order 15,000 pairs of mens trousers to be returned from shops all over France. A woma
44、n factory worker had put itching(瘙痒的) powder in them because her husband had left her to live with another woman and she wanted revenge(复仇). The police have not been involved in the case.4. Queen Elizabeth II of England is well known for enjoying doing jigsaw puzzles(拼图游戏). But it seems her pet dogs
45、 are also helping her complete the puzzles. “ sometimes the puzzles come back and pieces have been chewed,”said Pearl Hastings who runs the puzzle lending library. “Of course, I cannot say anything to her,”She added.5. An English man named Boverall had his final wish realized after he died last week
46、. Boverall wanted to leave life with a bang(突然的巨响)，so his ashes were put into a metal box and fired from an old gun. The box was buried where it landedabout a kilometer away from his home in Sizely Bottom. His son, Maximiian, said, “My father always liked making a loud noise”.6. the average American
47、 family of four uses about 50,000 sheets of toilet paper a year. It also keeps a total of 8 rolls in reserve in case of emergencies.7. A recent poll(民意调查) in France shows that married couples argue more about which program to watch on TV than their childrens education. These mums and dads also fight
48、 about money- how to spend it, not how to make it.8. Bugs Bunny has shown a little too much fur in a recent cartoon. As the carrot-loving rabbit came out of a shower, his whole body was shown. Walt Disney bosses decided to edit the film to protect Bugs Bunnys natural shyness.64. A Swiss school teach
49、er _ .A. went back to school happily after his retirement B. lost his job because he was not youngC. was asked to attend school because of a computer mistake D. was ready to have further education65. 15,000 pairs of trousers were _ .A. made for the police B. damaged by a female workerC. designed for
50、 men who cheated on their wives D. too tight and itchy to wear66. Boverall _ .A. liked firing guns B. wanted to die in a gun fightC. kept his ashes in a gun box D. wanted his ashes to be fired from a gun67. What can we learn according to the above news?A. Married couples in France worry about money.
51、 B. American families use more toilet paper now.C. Queen Elizabeth II has some naughty pet dogs. D. Bugs Bunny will be protected in the coming films.参考答案64-67 CBDC This is an old tale. Its the story of the three little pigs and the big bad wolf that blew down a house made of straw and one made of st
52、icks. The only house left standing was the one made of bricks. Now there is new evidence to suggest that houses built with bales of straw can be very strong. They are also environmental. Pete Walker is a professor at the University of Bath in Britain. He and a team of researchers there have built a
53、house made out of straw bales and hemp material. During the next twelve months the team will study the effectiveness of these materials in home building. Professor Walker says there are many good reasons for using straw. Professor Walker says that one of the benefits is that its a relatively inexpen
54、sively renewable material thats readily available. According to Professor Walker, straw takes in carbon dioxide as it grows. So it can be seen as having no harmful effects on the environment. He says straw helps the environment in other ways. Professor Walker: “The straw bale walls are relatively th
55、ick and so all that straw provides very good thermal(of heat) insulation. So we make buildings that require very little heating in the winter or indeed very little cooling in the summer. So they require very little additional energy.” Professor Walker says this reduces home operating expenses. It al
56、so reduces the effect on the environment. He says the current interest in straw bale houses is a direct response to the problem of climate change. David Lanfear owns an eco-friendly home building service in the United States called Bale on Bale Construction. He says he laughed when some friends firs
57、t told him about houses built of straw. But after doing his own research, he learned that building with straw bales made a lot of sense. He has now helped to build more than ten straw bale houses and says the building material is becoming more widely accepted. To build the houses, he fills a wood fr
58、ame with tightly packed bales of straw. Next he coats the walls inside and out with layers of clay plaster. He says the common ideas about straw houses continue, including stories about the threat of fire. Mr. Lanfear says straw bale houses have done well when tested for fire resistance. And he says
59、 his builders use the same building methods as traditional builders to keep out rain. David Lanfear: “We use what we call good shoes and a good hat, and that would be a solid foundation and a really good roof.”46. The function of the story in the first paragraph is to _.A. amuse the readersB. introd
60、uce the topic of this passage C. help the readers to recall their childhood memoryD. remind the readers that bricks are no longer the best choice for building 【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据用这个寓言故事来引出下文，因为它们有相同之处都是叙述的房子的问题，故选B。47. Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word “insulati
61、on” in paragraph six? A. protection B. condition C. transmission D. expansion 【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据The straw bale walls are relatively thick及So we make buildings that require very little heating in the winter or indeed very little cooling in the summer.可以猜出厚厚的草起保护的作用，故选A。48. Whats David Lanfears attitud
62、e towards the straw houses at last?A. Doubtful B. Approving C. Defensive D. Negative 【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据He has now helped to build more than ten straw bale houses and says the building material is becoming more widely accepted. 最后David Lanfear是同意接受了用草做成的房子的。故选B。49. Which of the following is NOT the ad
63、vantage of the house built with straw bales?A. It is environmentally friendly.B. The supply of its building materials is easily guaranteed.C. It is comparatively economical.D. It is free from fires.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据So it can be seen as having no harmful effects on the environment.这种房子是环保的，选项A符合原文；th
64、ats readily available.这些草是可以再生的，更新快，所以房子的原料是可以保证的，选项B符合原文；its a relatively inexpensively renewable material thats readily available. 这种房子是经济适用，花费不多，选项C符合原文；以上都是草屋的优点，只有选项D没有提到，故选D。50. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Professor Walker is still not very sure about whether
65、 the straw bales and hemp material are as useful as they expect.B. According to Professor Walker, climate change contributes to peoples present attention to straw bale houses. C. Peoples idea about the straw houses remains the same.D. The straw bale house built by David Lanfear share the same method to keep out rain as the traditional ones. 【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据the common ideas about straw houses continue, including stories about the threat of fire.人们的对于草房子的观点不可能完全一致，故选C。
