1、2014高考英语宏志优化设计系列语法：牛津译林版专题3（非谓语动词训练解析）1（2012课标全国高考）The party will be held in the garden，weather _.Apermitting Bto permitCpermitted Dpermit2（2012课标全国高考）Film has a much shorter history，especially when _ such art forms as music and painting.Ahaving compared to Bcomparing toCcompare to Dcompared to3（201
2、2上海高考）The club，_ 25 years ago，is holding a party for past and present members.Afounded BfoundingCbeing founded Dto be founded4（2012全国高考）The old man sat in front of the television every evening，happy _ anything that happened to be on.Ato watch BwatchingCwatched Dto have watched5（2012北京高考）One learns a
3、 language by making mistakes and _ them.Acorrects BcorrectCto correct Dcorrecting6（2012北京高考）_ with care，one tin will last for six weeks.AUse BUsingCUsed DTo use7（2012北京高考）Birds singing is warning to other birds _ away.Ato stay BstayingCstayed Dstay8（2012天津高考）He got up late and hurried to his office，
4、_ the breakfast untouched.Aleft Bto leaveCleaving Dhaving left9（2012上海高考）As Jack left his membership card at home，he wasnt allowed _ into the sports club.Agoing Bto goCgo Dgone10（2012上海高考）When Peter speaks in public，he always has trouble _ the right things to say.Athinking of Bto think ofCthought of
5、 Dthink of11（2012全国高考）Tony lent me the money，_ that Id do as much for him.Ahoping Bto hopeChoped Dhaving hoped12（2012上海高考）“Genius” is a complicated concept，_ many different factors.Ainvolved BinvolvingCto involve Dbeing involved13（2012重庆高考）_ to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film.AH
6、aving been asked BTo askCHaving asked DTo be asked14（2012重庆高考）Were having a meeting in half an hour.The decision _ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.Ato be made Bbeing madeCmade Dhaving been made15（2012安徽高考）I remembered _ the door before I left the office，but forgot to turn off
7、 the lights.Alocking Bto lockChaving locked Dto have locked16（2012安徽高考）When _for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.Aasking Basked Chaving asked Dto be asked17（2012福建高考）China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to preve
8、nt Chinese fishing boats from _ in the South China Sea.Aattacking Bhaving attackedCbeing attacked Dhaving been attacked18（2012福建高考）Pressed from his parents，and _ that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playing video games.Arealizing BrealizedCto realize Dbeing realized19（2012湖
9、南高考）Weve had a good start，but next，more work needs _ to achieve the final success.Abeing done BdoCto be done Dto do20（2012山东高考）George returned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him.Ato be told BtellingCbeing told Dtold21（2012湖南高考）The lecture，_ at 7：00 pm last night，was followed by an obse
10、rvation of the moon with telescopes.Astarting Bbeing startedCto start Dto be started22（2012江苏高考）_ an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.ABased BBasingCBase DTo base23（2012江西高考）Having finished her project，she was invited by the school _ to the new stu
11、dents.Aspeaking Bhaving spokenCto speak Dto have spoken24（2012江西高考）John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _ him it.Aoffered BofferingCto offer Dto be offered25（2012辽宁高考）The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _ them.Ato follow Bfollo
12、wingCfollowed Dfollows26（2012辽宁高考）This machine is very easy _.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.Aoperating Bto be operatingCoperated Dto operate27（2012湖南高考）Time，_ correctly，is money in the bank.Ato use BusedCusing Duse28（2012山东高考）After completing and signing it, please return the form to
13、us in the envelope _.Aproviding BprovidedChaving provided Dprovide29（2012陕西高考）_ in a long queue，we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.AStanding BTo standCStood DStand30（2012陕西高考）If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge.Ameets BmeetingCmeet Dto meet3
14、1（2012四川高考）Tom took a taxi to the airport，only_his plane high up in the sky.Afinding Bto findCbeing found Dto have found32（2012浙江高考）“Its such a nice place，” Mother said as she sat at the table_ for customers.Ato be reserved Bhaving reservedCreserving Dreserved33（2012四川高考）Before driving into the city
15、，you are required to get your car_.Awashed BwashCwashing Dto wash34（2012浙江高考）No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when its better _ silent.Aremain Bbe remainingChaving remained Dto remain35（2012四川高考）I looked up and noticed a snake_its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.Ato wind
16、BwindCwinding Dwound36（2011江苏高考）Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.Acompared BcomparingCcompares Dbeing compared37（2011安徽高考）Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ into small pieces.Abreak Bb
17、reakingCbroken Dto break38（2011浙江高考）Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _ for words.Alose BlostCto lose Dhaving lost39（2011浙江高考）Bats are surprisingly longlived creatures，some _ a life span of around 20 years.Ahaving Bhad Chave Dto have40（2011上海高考）Its no use _ without taking any action.Ac
18、omplain BcomplainingCbeing complained Dto be complained41（2013浙江名校联盟第一次联考）When _ properly，a reward system can help to increase students effort，attention and improve their behavior.Ausing Bto useCused Dhaving used42（2013河北普通高中教学质监）Practice greeting your teachers and classmates in English.Remember _！A
19、smiling Bto smileCto be smiling Dhaving smiled43（2013江苏南京四校期中）The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. Abeing weighed Bto weighCweighed Dweighing44（2013北京东城区示范校综合练习一）When _ a car，dont drive at an extreme speed.Adriving Bdriv
20、enCdrive Dto drive45（2013山西第二次诊断考试）Many people are taking part in various TV programs _overnight success.Aachieving Bto achieveCbeing achieved Dhaving been achieved参考答案 1A由于逗号前后没有关联词，所以只能用非谓语形式，根据weather和permit的逻辑关系判断应选用现在分词形式构成独立主格结构，表示“天气允许的话”。来源:2Dcompare.to.意为“把和进行比较”，在该题when后面为非谓语形式，由于句子主语film和
21、compare为被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式，此处是when it（film）is compared to such art forms as music and painting的省略。3A语境表示这个俱乐部是25年前成立的，用过去分词作非限制性定语表被动和完成。4A本句中的happy.是形容词短语作状语，修饰句子主语The old man的状态。由句子中的happy 可知其后应接动词不定式表原因，即（the old man is）happy to.。故选A项。5Dand 前后连接两个并列成分，根据making可知此处填correcting。句意：一个人在犯错和纠错中学会一种语言。6C分析
22、句子结构可知所填部分在句中作状语，且与句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故选C项。句意：如果用得仔细的话，一罐够六周用。7A不定式用作目的状语。句意：鸟叫是为了警告其他的鸟远离它们。8C句意：他起床晚了，匆忙赶往办公室，早餐一动没动。现在分词短语在此处作结果状语。9B根据句意和搭配，这里用allow sb. to do sth.的被动语态be allowed to do sth.，用带to的不定式作主语补足语。10A句意：彼得在公共场所讲话的时候总是想不出说什么才合适。这里用了have trouble（in）doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”。11A由空前的“，”可排除B项，因为动词不
23、定式作目的状语时其前不加“，”；如果选择C项（hoped）则应在空前加and；希望的动作并不是发生在“托尼借给我钱”之前，故排除表示完成的having hoped；由于Tony与hope之间存在主动关系，故选择现在分词hoping作状语。12B句意：“天才”是个很复杂的概念，包括很多不同的因素。这里动词involve表示“涉及”，动词后面已经接了宾语，因此这个动词与句子主语之间应该是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词作状语表示主动含义。13A由后半句中 “I missed a wonderful film”可知，那晚上加班已经发生，而不定式表将来，所以排除B、D两项；ask与I 之间应为被动关系，故
24、用现在分词的完成被动式。句意：那天晚上要求我加班，所以我错过了一场好看的电影。故选A项。14A根据第一句 “in half an hour”可知，会议还没有开始，因此决定还没有做出，只是将要做出，故排除B、C、D三项；A项为动词不定式表将来，符合题意。句意：半小时后我们将举行一次会议，在会议上将要做出的决定会影响我们公司的将来。故选A项。15B句意：我在离开办公室以前，记着了要锁门，但是忘了要关灯。remember to do sth.“记着要做某事”；remember doing sth.“记着做过某事”。由句意可知，B项符合题意。16B句意：当问到他对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得这项工
25、作既有趣又值得。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语；Philip和ask之间是被动关系，故只有B项符合题意。17C由于Chinese fishing boats与attack之间存在被动关系，所以排除表示主动的A项（attacking）和B项（having attacked）；由句意“最近中国加紧对黄岩岛附近水域的控制来阻止中国渔船在中国南海受到进攻”可知attack的动作并没有发生，因此排除表示完成的D项（having been attacked）。故选C项。18A由于此处的并列连词and是连接两个分词短语，所以第二个空也应该选择非谓语动词。又主句的主语the boy与realize之间存
26、在主动关系，故排除表示被动的B项和D项；动词不定式短语位于句首作状语时，多作目的状语，排除C项。此处用现在分词短语表示原因。故选A项。19C句意：我们已经有了一个很好的开端，但要想获得最终的成功，接下来还有更多的工作要做。此处谓语动词为needs，表示“需要”，而其主语more work与后面的do存在被动关系，故要用动词ing形式的主动形式（doing）或者不定式的被动形式（to be done）。故C项正确。20Aonlyto do sth.表示意想不到的结果；doing表示自然的结果。句意：乔治战后回来，却被告知妻子已离他而去了。being done通常表示“正在被”；done表示被动和
27、完成。结合句意，选A项。21A句意：昨晚7点开始的演讲结束之后，紧跟着的是对月球用望远镜进行了一次观测。此处start用作不及物动词，表示“开始”，故用现在分词作后置定语，相当于which started.。而不定式的一般式多表示将来的动作；若start用作及物动词，则此处要用被动形式，而B项being started表示正在开始，D项to be started表示将来的动作，均与原题中last night不符。故选A项。22Bbase.on.意为“把建立在基础上”。由于逗号前后没有关联词，可排除构成祈使句的C项；该句主语you与base为主动关系，可排除A项，此项表示被动的过去分词形式；不定
28、式在句首通常表示目的，不合逻辑，可排除D项；答案为B项，现在分词形式作条件状语。句意：如果你把一个重要的决定建立在情感之上而不是理智之上，你迟早会后悔的。23C句意：完成她的工程以后，她被学校邀请给新生做演讲。“做演讲”发生在was invited之后，所以用动词不定式的一般式作主语补足语。24B该题容易误选A项，因为大家一般认为letter与offer存在被动关系，但此处offer后面有两个宾语，显然，应使用offer sb.sth.的主动形式作后置定语修饰the official letter，说明信的内容。25B句意：这对老年夫妇经常晚饭后去公园散步，后面跟着他们的宠物狗。此处是with
29、的复合结构，宾语dog与作宾语补足语的follow存在逻辑上的主动关系，且表示伴随情况，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。26D句意：这台机器很容易操作。任何人几分钟就学会操作。不定式作表语形容词的状语，表示在哪一方面存在这个形容词表示的情况或产生这种情绪的原因。本题结构可换为It is very easy to operate the machine.或To operate the machine is very easy.这一结构中的不定式要用主动式且要用及物动词或“不及物动词介词”。故此处D项正确。27B句意：时间如果运用得当，就会变成银行里的钱。此处是非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语time与us
30、e之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。28B所填词应在此作定语修饰envelope, 而且和envelope构成被动关系，故选用provided表示被动。providing表示主动；having provided也是主动形式，表示动作发生在主句谓语动作之前；provide为动词原形，形式错误。句意：在完成表格并签字后，请用提供的信封把表格寄回给我们。故选B项。29A句意：我们排在长长的队伍中，等着商店开门买一台全新iPad。分析句子结构可知所填部分在句中作伴随状语，且句子的主语we与stand之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。30Dhave no choice but to do sth.“除
31、了做某事之外别无选择”。句意：如果接受这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。31Bonly后接不定式形式表示意想不到的结果。to have done表示动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，与句意矛盾。句意：汤姆乘出租车去了机场，却发现飞机已经飞在高空了。32D分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词修饰table，“桌子”是“被预订或保留”的，所以用过去分词短语作后置定语。33Acar和wash为被动关系，故选用过去分词washed作补语。句意：在你开车驶入这所城市前，你应该先洗车。34Dwhen在此处引导定语从句修饰times，在when引导的从句中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to r
32、emain silent，表示“有时保持沉默更好”。35C句意：我抬起头来，注意到一条蛇正盘旋着往树上爬，去捕捉它的早餐。snake和wind之间为主动关系，注意到蛇在往树上爬，表示动作正在进行。故选C项。36B分析句子结构可知，该句的主语是a survey，谓语动词是has caused，宾语是heated debate。可见，句子结构是完整的，因此我们要选择的只能是非谓语动词形式。survey与compare 之间存在主动关系，因此用现在分词短语作后置定语。37D句意：汤姆问制作糖果的人他们是否能使巧克力更容易碎成小块。make “使得，让”，其后常接“宾语宾语补足语不定式”结构。此题中，
33、chocolate和不定式to break之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，但该结构中，不定式应用主动表被动。故选D项。38B句意：即使最好的作家有时候也觉得自己无法用言语表达。lost为过去分词，相当于形容词作宾补，意为“丧失的，迷惑的”。故选B项。39A第一句话是一个完整的句子，由于其后没有连词，我们可以断定后面部分为状语。some相当于some bats，与have构成主动关系，因此须用some having.的形式作状语。句意：蝙蝠是极其长寿的生物，有些寿命长达20年。故选A项。40B句意：只抱怨而不采取任何行动是没有用的。Its no use doing sth.是固定句型，其中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动名词短语。41Cuse 和a reward system之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语。42B句意：练习用英语向你的老师和同学问好。记住要微笑。remember to do sth.“记住要干某事”。43Dweigh当“重达”讲时，是不及物动词，和逻辑主语young children之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。44A主句是祈使句，其主语为you，you和drive为主动关系，故用现在分词，表示“当你开车的时候”。来源:45B句意：许多人参加各种各样的电视节目想一夜成名。此处用不定式表示目的。