1、单句填空之并列连词和复合句及特殊句式练习（1）高考语法填空对并列连词和复合句及特殊句式的考查主要集中在：（1)并列连词的选择；（2)定语从句、名词性从句（宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句）和状语从句引导词的选择；（3)特殊句式：祈使句、强调句、倒装句、感叹句等。第一组1.There, lying in the muddy riverbed was a little dog about two months old, _front legs were tightly tied with ropes.答案：whose 解析：句意为：在泥泞的河床上，躺着一只大约两个月的小狗，它的前腿被绳子绑得紧紧的。设
2、空处引导定语从句，先行词为dog,关系词在从句中作定语，修饰front legs.故填 whose.2.By boat is the only way to get here, which is _we arrived.答案：how 解析：句意为：乘船是抵达这里的唯一方式，我们也是乘船到达的。分析句子结构可知，本句中 which 引导的是非限制性定语从句。从句中we arrived 作表语，为表语从句，且根据前面的By boat可知，表语从句中缺少方式状语，表示“怎样”，故应用how 引导。3.We wont be able to finish the task on time _we try
3、 our best.答案：unless 解析：句意为：除非我们尽全力，否则我们无法按时完成任务。根据句意可知，设空处引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”。4.Below the mountains, the sunshine reflects on the many lakes, _makes them shine like diamonds against the rich countryside.答案：which 解析：句意为: 在山脚下，阳光映在许多湖面上，这使得它们在意照乡村的映村下如钻石般闪着。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整个句子，目关系词在从句中作主语，故用
4、which.5.For travel during spring or summer, your clothing should be casual and designed for comfort. Take light cotton clothes _are easily washed and not too delicate.答案：which/that 解析：句意为: 在春天或夏天旅行时，你该穿休闲和舒服的衣服。带轻便的棉质衣服，这种衣服容易洗，也耐穿。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为clothes,关系词在句中作主语，故填 which或 that.6.The reason _I di
5、dnt finish my homework was that I had a terrible headache.答案：why 解析：句意为：我没完成作业的原因是我头疼得厉害。设空处考查定语从句，先行词为reason,关系词在定语从句中作原因状语，故填why7.People take it for granted _theres always time and opportunity to teach and learn all that they want to share and know.答案：that 解析：句意为：人们想当然地认为，总会有时间和机会去教授和学习他们想分享和知道的东西
6、。此句为固定句型 take it for granted that.,意为“认为理所当然”，其中it 是形式宾语，后面的that从句是真正的宾语。故填that.8.Stick to the main roads, _you will get lost.答案：or 解析：句意为：要一直走主路，否则你会迷路的。分析句子结构可知，本句为“祈使句and/or+陈述句”的结构，根据句意可知，此处表示“否则；要不然”，故填or.9.The gold medal will be awarded to _wins the first place in the bicycle race.答案：whoever 解
7、析：句意为：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌都将授予他（她）。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，在句中作介词to的宾语；从句中缺少主语，表示“任何人，无论谁”。故填 whoever.10.Actually, just like some media summarized, Chinese and Westerners have quite different standards _it comes to the definition of beauty.答案：when 解析：句意为：事实上，正如一些媒体所总结的，中西方在“美”的定义上标准大不相同。本题考查固定句型 when it come
8、s to.,意为“当谈到时”，故填 when.11.It was consistent(始终如一的）love and kindness won him a lifelong friendship.答案：that 解析：句意为：是始终如一的爱和善意为他赢得了终生的友谊。此句为强调句型it is/was+被强调部分that/who+其他成分”，被强调的为表事物的主语，故填that.12.The question _we should develop innovative thinking abilities in the classrooms by giving students opportun
9、ities to generate new ideas has aroused heated discussion.答案：whether解析：句意为: 我们是否应该在课堂上给学生足够的机会去提出新观点，以此培养他们的创新思维能力的这个问题已经引起了激烈讨论。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导同位语从句，作The question的同位语。从句中句意完整，不缺少成分，但由句意可知此处表示“是否”，故应用whether 引导该从句。13.Fifteen minutes is enough for very young children. You can gradually make the time s
10、pent learning English longer _your child gets older.答案：as 解析：句意为：15分钟对很小的孩子来说足够了。你可以随着孩子慢慢长大逐渐延长学英语的时间。设空处考查as引导的时间状语从句。当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as.这时，as常表示“随着”或“一边,一边”之意。填as14.It was in that small house which was built with stones by his father _he spent his childhood.答案：that
11、解析：句意为: 他就是在那所他父亲用石头建成的小房子里度过了他的童年。本句中去掉li was与设空处之后，句意和句子结构仍然完整，由此判断此处为强调句型；被强调部分为in that small house., 故用 that 引导。15.Try _he may, he is not able to persuade his father to give up smoking.答案：as/though解析：句意为：尽管他尽力了，但他还是没能说服他的父亲戒烟。分析句子结构可知，从句部分为倒装结构；结合句意可知，设空处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”。故填as/though.第二组1.One d
12、ay a young man was walking along the road _he heard a cry.答案：when 解析：句意为：一天，一个年轻人在路上走着，这时他听到了哭声。was doing sth. when.为固定句型，意为“正在做这时。故此处应填when.2.Im really very busy, _I will certainly go there with you.答案：or 解析：句意为 我真是太忙了，不然我肯定会同你一起去那里的。设空处后面是句子，故设空处应填连词；根据句意可知，此处表示“否则，要不然的话”，故填or.3.Full of energy, de
13、sire, talent and ideas, there is no doubt _China will become a powerful nation in information technology.答案：that 解析：句意为：作为一个充满活力、渴望、人才和思想的国家，毫无疑问，中国将成为信息技术方面的强国。there is no doubt that.意为“毫无疑问”，为固定句型。故填 that.4.The young man wanted to help the dog, _as he approached, the dog started to bark.答案：but/yet
14、解析：句意为：这个年轻人想帮帮这只狗，但是当他靠近时，它便开始叫。根据句意可知，设空处前后为转折关系，故填buv/yet.5.Participants imagined they had a newborn child, and _the child would need to go to college in either 18 years.答案：that 解析：句意为：参与者想象他们有一个刚出生的孩子，并且这个孩子在18年后上大学。当动词后面有两个宾语从句时，第一个引导词that 可以省略，但第二个引导词 that 不可以省略。故填 that.6.I am impressed with C
15、hinas commitment to its climate goals, evidenced by the fact we are sure of _China has met its 2020 targets three years ahead of schedule.答案：that 解析：句意为：中国对气候目标的投入令我印象深刻，中国提前三年完成了2020年的目标这一我们确信的事实也证明了这一点。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导同位语从句，在句中作the fact的同位语，且从句的结构和意义完整，故用that 引导同位语从句。知识拓展：本题的解题关键在于排除句中we are sure of
16、 这一插入语的干扰，准确判断出设空处引导的是同位语从句，解释说明 the fact的内容。且应掌握that引导同位语从句时，只起连接作用，无实义。7. _the problem of disappearing languages remains a very serious one, there is hope.答案：While/Though/Although解析：句意为：虽然正在消失的语言是个很严重的问题，但是还有希望。根据句意可知设空处引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”。故填While/Though/Although.8.If you have a job, _（devote)yours
17、elf to it and finally youll succeed.答案：devote 解析：句意为: 如果你有一份工作，那就专注于它，最终你就会成功。分析句子结构可知，本句中主句为“析使句and+陈述句”结构，由此可知设空处应用动词原形。9.Many experts hold the view that teachers development is _the key to better education lies.答案：where 解析：句意为：很多专家们持有这样一个观点教师的发展是教育提升的关键所在。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故应用where.10
18、.Chinas northernmost city Mohe in Heilongjiang Province has turned into a fairyland covered with snow, _other places are still waiting for the first snow.答案：while解析：句意为 中国最北部的城市黑龙江省漠河市已经变成了一个大雪覆盖的仙境，而其他地方还在等待第一场雪。根据句意可知，设空处前后句意表示对比，故填while,意为“然而”。11. _I knew it, I was sitting on the floor surrounded
19、 by books that had nothing to do with my original search.答案：Before 解析：句意为：不知不觉地，我坐在了地板上，周围满是书，这些书与我最初想要找的书没有任何关系。本题考查固定短语 before I knew it,意为“不知不觉地”，故填Before.12.This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere _many others are short of.答案：that/which解析：句意：这个饭店有吸引人的、像家一样的氛围，这是很多其他饭店所缺少的。分析句子结构可知，设
20、空处引导定语从句，先行词为 atmosphere;定语从句中 are short of 后面缺少宾语，因此应用关系代词 that/which 引导定语从句。故填 that/which.13. _work and creative activities have been important drivers of human progress is deeply rooted in our social values.答案：That 解析：句意为：工作和创造性活动一直是人类进步的重要驱动因素，这一观念深深地植根于我们的社会价值观中。分析句子结构可知， _work and creative act
21、ivities have been important drivers of human progress 在句中作主语，为主语从句，且该从句结构和意思均完整，应用that引导该从句。故填That.14.He spent so many unforgettable days with them _he was unwilling to part with them.答案：that 解析：句意为：他和他们在一起度过了那么多难忘的日子，以至于他不愿意离开他们。“so+形容词副词that为固定句型，意为“如此以至于”，故填 that.15.Not _we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief.答案：until解析：句意为：直到我们成功地让野生生物平静地生活，我们才能如释重负地微笑。此句为“not until+状语（从句）”构成的倒装句型，正常语序为 We cannot smile in relief until we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace.