1、2014高考英语阅读理解二轮基础精品训练题（32）及答案阅读理解-BWhat can help you make a fortune in the future? Graduating from a top university might not be enough. A new study from the University of Essex in Britain has shown that the more friends you have in school, the more money youll earn later.The idea that popularity cou
2、ld have a serious impact on ones earning potential shouldnt come as too much of a surprise. The researchers noted that if you want to get ahead in life, social skills and networking are easily as powerful as talent and hard work.“If a person has lots of friends, it means that he or she has the abili
3、ty to get along with others in all kinds of different situations, said Xu Yanchun, 17, from Nantou High School in Shenzhen, who totally agreed with the recent finding. Also, friends always help each other. They not only create wider social circles for you but lift your mood when you occasionally fee
4、l depressed, said Xu. She believed that all this helps you earn a higher salary”.Maybe thats why some people think the younger generations are in the age of Friendalholism (交友狂症). A woman even complained that the networking website Face books 5,000-friend limit was too low for her large reserve of s
5、ocial contacts.But what does a friend mean? Should friends be regarded as a form of currency?“Call me uncoil, but I think of a friend as an actual person with whom I have an actual history and whom I enjoy actually seeing. It seems, however, that this is no longer the definition (定义) of friend,” sai
6、d Meghan Daum, who works with The Los Angeles Times in the US.( ) 1.The new study from the University of Essex in Britain shows that _.A. if you have more friends you will not live happily. B. the more friends you have in school, the more money youll earn in your late life. C. the less friends you h
7、ave, the poor lives you will live.D. friends can make more money for you. ( ) 2. According to Xu Yanchun, when you have lots of friends, it means_A. You have the ability to earn more money.B. You will not feel lonely. C .You are quite content with your life. D. You have the ability to get along with
8、 others in various situations.( ) 3. Whats the main idea of the passage ?A. The passage mainly tells us something about the friendship. B. Friends plays an more important part in our daily life than anything else.C. Friends are currency.D. Friends give you success. ( ) 4. We can learn from the passa
9、ge that _.A. If you have more friends, you can make a fortune in the future.B. Graduating from college means that you can make a fortune in the future.C. Friends means a form of currency. D. Friends can make you wider social circle and make you feel better when you feel depressed. 【文章大意】：文章主要向人们讲述了朋
10、友在人们生活中的重要作用。你在上学时拥有越多的朋友，那么你以后就会有越多的财富。1.【考点分析】细节理解题。【参考答案】B。【解题思路】从文中第一段的A new study from the University of Essex in Britain has shown that the more friends you have in school, the more money youll earn later.可知研究表明“朋友越多，你以后就会挣越多的钱 ”。2.【考点分析】细节理解题。【参考答案】D。【解题思路】文中第三段提到了Xu Yanchun的话，从话中我们可以知道“如果你有很
11、多朋友说明你在不同环境中的适应能力很强”。故选D项 。3.【考点分析】主旨大意题。【参考答案】D。【解题思路】通读全文我们可知，文章主要讲述了朋友能够给你带来财富，给你带来成功。故D项总结的合理。4.【考点分析】推理判断题题。【参考答案】D。【解题思路】A 项的说法太过绝对，所以不正确；B项的说法文中没有提到，因此不能选；C 项的说法没有依据，因此也不能选，故只剩下D项。阅读理解请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AUsually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct
12、 answer. But there is one question that has millions of current answers. That question is “Whats your name?” Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.Have you ever wondered about peoples names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?Peoples first names, or given names, are chos
13、en by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.Some people give their children names that mean good things. Cla
14、ra means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪)；someone who was called Longstreet probab
15、ly lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.Other early surnames came from peoples occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in eve
16、ry town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter a person who made pots and pans.The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenters great-great-great-grandfather probably built ho
17、uses and furniture.Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tal
18、lman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.Some family names were made by adding something to the fathers name. English-speaking people added s or son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts familys ancestor was Robert.
19、 Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the MacDonnells and the ODonnells are descendants of the same Donnell.( ) 1. Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?A. Places where people lived. B. Peoples characters.C. Talents that
20、 people possessed. D. Peoples occupations.选B，根据文中4,5,6三段可知只有B选项未提及( ) 2. According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _.A. owned or drove a cart B. made things with metalsC. made kitchen tools or contains D. built houses and furniture选C文中第六段potter-a person who made pots
21、 and pans,可知potter 意为一个制作茶壶和平底锅的人，由此推断选C( ) 3. Suppose and English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _.A. Beatrice Smith B. Leonard CarterC. George Longstreet D. Donald Greenwood选D根据文中倒数第2段可知一些人取名是根据特征而来。比如灰色头
22、发的人取名john Gray，高个的人取名john Tallman.所以根据题意，居住在森林旁边的人取名为Donald Greenw( ) 4. The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a persons _A. later generations B. friends and relativesC. colleagues and partners D. later sponsors选A 根据最后一段第一二行“some family names were made by adding something to
23、the fathers name. The Johnsons are descendants of John可知descendants指的是后代。阅读理解-DLimit the use of private cars, improve public transport and encourage the use of bicycles to control traffic congestion(拥挤) during the 2008 Olympics, experts from foreign countries advised Beijing on Friday. Professor Nig
24、el Wilson, of the civil and environmental engineering department of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said he was supportive to the limiting of private cars during the Olympic Games, saying that in foreign countries, the method is also adopted during big events, but he was unsure about the appr
25、oach. The government planned to keep an average of more than one million cars off the roads to improve traffic flow during the Olympics, said Liu Xiaoming, deputy director of the Beijing Traffic Committee, at the China Planning Network First Urban Transportation Congress. Sharing Wilsons view, Dr. Y
26、oshitsugu Hayashi, dean of the Graduate School of Environmental Studies of Nagoya University, believed the reduction in car use should be achieved not by banning, but through incentives. Drivers who dont use their private cars could be given points, he said, and the points could be exchanged for goo
27、ds from online shopping. Wetzel stressed limiting the use of company cars. Governmental officials should also be encouraged to use public transportation or ride bicycles, he said, adding that he himself is a bicycle-rider in London. Matthew Martimo, director of Traffic Engineering with Citilabs, sai
28、d the bicycle was Chinas advantage. Limiting private cars is an idea worth trying but it is just a temporary solution, he said. The real cause of congestion is high density of people in Beijing and many have cars. Beijing, with a population of 15 million, is home to more than three million automobil
29、es, and the number is rising by 1,000 a day. Professor Wilson said the Olympic Games was a great opportunity for Beijing to think about traffic problems and develop transportation, adding that the city had already been making public transport more efficient. Beijing has promised to stretch its 114-k
30、ilometer city railway to 200 kilometers before the opening of the Olympic Games. “We are looking forward to borrowing Beijings experiences and drawing from its lessons in preparation for the 2012 Olympics,” said Wetzel.16. The underlined word incentives in paragraph 4 means_. A. something that encou
31、rages people to tryB. online shopping C. points could be exchanged for goodsD. award17. It can be seen from the passage that _. A. the government planned to forbid over 1 million cars to run on the roads during the Olympics. B. banning private cars is the best way to solve traffic congestion in Beij
32、ing C. Beijing now has 200 kilometers of city railway D. the use of company cars will not be limited18. Why did Wetzel stress “ he himself is a bicycle-rider in London”? A. To limit the use of company cars. B. To encourage governmental officials to use public transportation or ride bicycles. C. To s
33、how that riding bicycles is good for health. D. To show that he loves riding bicycles.19. Which of the following may be the reason for the traffic congestion in Beijing? A. The 2008 Beijing Olympic games. B. The number of cars in Beijing is rising by 1,000 a day. C. The large population in Beijing a
34、nd the large number of cars. D. Public transport in Beijing is not efficient.20. The purpose of the passage is _. A. to limit the use of private cars, improve public transport B. to encourage the use of bicycles to control traffic congestion during the 2008 Olympics C. to borrow Beijings experiences
35、 and draw from its lessons in preparation for the 2012 Olympics D. to tell the advice given by foreign experts on traffic congestion during 2008 Beijing Olympics 全解全析本文报道了外国专家对解决2008北京奥运会交通拥挤问题所提出的一些建议。A 词义猜测题。由下面两行可知答案。A 细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知答案。B 推理判断题。他以自己为例子就是鼓励政府官员多用公共交通工具或多骑自行车。C 推理判断题。由文章倒数第三段可知答案。D
36、 推理判断题。文章第一段就是文章的主旨。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals.Nowadays cent
37、ral government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for pr
38、escription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment.Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the comm
39、unity. As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals many of which were built in the nineteenth century provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS
40、is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours.During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some service
41、s (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and G
42、Ps would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from.1 We can know from the first paragraph that _.A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybodyB. peop
43、le didnt have to pay for health care since the NHS was set upC. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers2 What do we know about the NHS?A. Its managed by the central government.B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the
44、National Insurance contributions.C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe.D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care.3. All the following statements about GPs are true except that they _.A. take care of the local peoples healthB. often take
45、part in competitions to see who is the bestC. work under high pressure nowadaysD. have more responsibilities than before4 What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean?A. sufferingB. different C. preventedD. free5. The biggest problem for the NHS is _.A. many hospitals are too old to be usedB
46、. some services are in the charge of individualsC. more and more patients go to GPs for treatmentD. there is not enough money for further reform全解全析CCBDD国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责，但由地方当局管理。建立国家保健中心的最初目的是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，尤其儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。C。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段最后一句可知，建立国家保健中心的最初目的是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，而不是针对所有的人，所以前两项错误。C。细节理解题。根据第4自然段“The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe”可知。从第二自然段第一句可以看出国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责，但由地方当局管理，所以A项错误。B。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段话“and encouraging GPs to compete for patients”可知政府鼓励全科医生之间相互竞争，而不是让他们进行竞赛，看谁的医术高明。D。猜测词义题。前面提到医生开药方及给病人治疗牙病需要收费，再结合but一词可推断儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。D。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段最后一句可知。